FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - UNSAAC

I. Introduction
The load test is a test that allows for the estimation of capacity.
important soil through empirical methods. This method provides
soil information only up to a depth equal to twice the diameter of the
plate starting from the testing level, and only takes part of the effect of time into account.
Load plate tests are used to check the module of
deformation of embankment layers and pavements. The method commonly used is
the static, with load applied on a circular plate using a hydraulic jack,
using a loaded truck or heavy machinery as a reaction for the cat.
It consists of measuring the vertical displacement of a point on the surface of a
soil located in the vertical of the center of gravity of a loaded rigid plate.
At each test point, the deflections produced in two or more cycles are measured.
of load, regarding an initial reference position.
It may happen that due to the complexity and delicacy of carrying out the test,
long, in other words a slow and costly essay, and to respond to the need
to have simple, economical, and high-production equipment for determining
the deformation modulus of the compacted soil layers was born 20
years in Central Europe the lightweight impact teams that conduct tests of
dynamic loading plate with a diameter of 300 mm, using a mass of
manual actuation as a load element, and an electronic device of
measure of the plate movements.
The charging plates have the following characteristics:
They must be built in steel.
The underside must be flat.
In the upper area, a level bubble must be available for adjustment.
horizontally and be able to compensate for plate inclinations of up to 7
degrees.

II. Objectives
Calculate the reaction modulus of the granular subbase layer.

III. Team
To carry out the load cell test, the following must be available
equipment and devices.

Reaction load
. To carry out the test, a reaction system is necessary, whose
the payload should be at least 10 kN greater than the maximum load
necessary to withstand the granular subbase.
. A circular or rectangular platform or box loaded with size and
weights large enough to supply the total required load
on the ground.

Hydraulic Jack
. Of sufficient capacity to provide and maintain the maximum load
estimated for the specific soil conditions, but not less than

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FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - UNSAAC
50 Tn, To register the force applied by the hydraulic jack, it must be
to have a pressure gauge (manometer), a load ring or
an electronic load cell.

Charging Plate
. In the soil laboratory, there are two square plates and 3
circular plates, placed one under the other, these plates are 1
inch thick and with variable diameters from 10" to 20".

Settlement Dials
. Two settlement dials were provided, given that there were no
they have more in the soil laboratory and those that existed are
failed.
Miscellaneous tools
. A bubble level should be included for the preparation of the
surface that is going to be tested and for the operation of the equipment that
find well balanced.

IV. Test well

The test pit was prepared with granular base material brought from the site.
Improvement of the Bypass Road, with a thickness of 6 inches, also
It compacted and moistened the base material.

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In addition, the entire loading platform is supported by two supports that are
embedded at its two ends with anchor rods.

V. Loading platform
In the laboratory, a circular loading platform was used, opting for the
two working groups in this shape, as there were also in a rectangular form.

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FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - UNSAAC

VI. Load Increments

The load was applied to the ground in equal and cumulative increments not greater than
1.0 Tn/ft2, which represents approximately 1/10 of the bearing capacity
estimated from the ground, so that the ground can bear loads without impacts.

VII. Settlement Registration

To record the settlement, 2 micrometers were used because only
Two were counted in the soil laboratory, they were placed at both ends of
the charging plate.

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VIII. Description of the essay

After preparing a compacted and moistened base to its dry density
maximum, two loading platforms were placed, one below the other in the part
central of the loading well, then the hydraulic jack was placed on the
upper platform, and the strain gauges were placed at both ends of
the plate, the total deformation was considered as the average of the readings of
both dials, the load was then administered, measuring the
final deformations.
The graph 'Unit Load - Settlement' was created, from which was obtained
the ballast coefficient, better known as the reaction modulus.

IX. Results

Readings Lecture
No. Load Day Day as
Ensa (kg/c l1 l 2 Prome
yo m2) (m (m god
m) m) (mm)

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FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING - UNSAAC
0,0 0,0
1 0.5 0.01
1 1
0,0 0,0
2 1 0.06
5 6
0.4 0.4
3 1.5 0.47
8 6
2.7 2.8
4 2 2.79
7 1
4.0 3.9
5 2.5 3.97
1 3
5.8 5.9
6 3 5.91
7 5
7.4 7.4
7 3.5 7.45
1 9

Then, for a deformation of 0.127 cm, it is obtained according to the linear adjustment
8.237kg/ cm3

∆σ
K=
ϵ

8.237 Kg
K= =64.83 =295.99PCI
0.125 cm3

K=296PCI

RECOMMENDATIONS

For the correct completion of the essay, the following points must be taken into account.
conditions:

The plate load test can be performed on different types of soil, yes.
whether they are coarse, medium, or fine granularity.
Under the plate, there should not be any granular material larger than
a quarter of the diameter of the plate.
The plate should be placed in the chosen location and pressed so that there are no gaps.
points where there is no contact between the ground and that one.
The distance between the load plate and the reaction support surface must
be at least 0.75 m for a plate of 300 mm in diameter, of 1.10 m,
for a plate with a diameter of 600 mm, and of 1.30 m, for a plate of 762 mm
in diameter.

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CONCLUSIONS

The test allows determining the load-settlement curves and, from them, the
deformability and bearing capacity of the soil. From these curves, it is possible to
calculate the compressibility modulus Ev, and the reaction modulus Ks.
The reaction module is a characteristic magnitude that defines the elasticity of the
surface of the ground subjected to load.

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