ArethACunhA

ENGLISH
Module 1

São Luís

2016
Governor of the State of Maranhão Edition
Flaviodino de Castro is here Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA
nucleus technologies for education - ueMAnet
Rector of UEMA
Professor Gustavo Pereira da Costa Coordinator of UemaNet
Professor Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Sousa Serra
Vice-Rector of UEMA
Prof. Walter Canalessant'ana Educational Coordinator of Educational Designer
Professor SannyafernandanuneSrodrIgueS
Pro-Rector of Administration
Prof. Gilson Martin Mendonça Administrative Coordinator of Educational Design
crIStIanecoStaPeIxoto
Pro-Rector of Extension and Student Affairs
Prof. Porfirio Iocandanedoguerra Content Teacher
arethacunha
Vice-Rector for Undergraduate Studies
Prof. Andréa Dearaujo Educational Designer
cLecIaaSSunçãoSILvaLIMa
Pro-Rector of Research and Graduate Studies
Prof. MarceLochechegaLveS Language Reviewers
arethacunha
Pro-Rector of Planning cLecIaaSSunçãoSILvaLIMa
Prof. Antonio Roberto Coelho Serra LucIreneferreIraLoPeS
I will live in peace.
Diagrammer
tonhoLeMoSMartInS
Graphic Designer
yurIJorgeaLMeIda daSILva

State University of Maranhão

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Cunha, Aretha.
English: module 1 / Aretha Cunha. - São Luís: UemaNet, 2016.

131 p.

English language.

CDU: 811.111:37
SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION 9
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE .................................................................................................... 11
The alphabet ................................................................................................................. 11
Text: With activity ................................................................................................. 12
How to unlock in English in conversation
Lesson 1
Lesson 2 ......................................................... 27
Lesson 3
Lesson 4 .................................................................................................................... 39
Lesson 5 - Review 1 ................................................................................................... 47
Lesson 6
Lesson 7
Lesson 8 .................................................................................................................... 65
Lesson 9
Lesson 10 - Review 2 ................................................................................................. 77
Lesson 11
Lesson 12 .................................................................................................................. 89
Lesson 13 .................................................................................................................. 95
Lesson 14 .................................................................................................................. 101
Lesson 15 - Review 3 ................................................................................................. 107
Reading techniques ..................................................................................................... 113
Collection of texts with activities .......................................................................... 118
Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 130
English is the most spoken and widespread language in the world.
PRESENTATION

This course aims to teach the necessary foundations for the student.
student can learn a new language in a simple and objective way,
motivating you to deepen your interest in English and improve yourself,
so that it can be used as a means of communication.

In this sense, the course offers you the opportunity to learn concepts.
basic conversation in English, know the main differences between the
American English and British English, developing skills for interpretation
the grammatical analysis and also, to know the basic vocabulary for beginners
in the English language.

ENGLISH | Module 1 7
INTRODUCTION

Why is it important to learn English?

The ability to speak and understand English has an invaluable value.

The English language, considered universal, is used in various

instances of our life, whether to read texts, understand songs and movies, read
sites in English, acquire a professional opportunity, among others.

With English, you will always find someone, anywhere in the

world, who will understand you. With this type of knowledge, among the
several possibilities, you can:

• Excellent jobs at a large company;

• Traveling anywhere in the world without facing difficulties with
the language;

• Able to communicate with two thirds of the 130 million

of internet users, as well as, reading most of the pages on the network
worldwide, which are made in English.

ENGLISH is the most spoken and widespread language in the world! That's why, do not
don't miss the opportunity to acquire this essential skill for the world
globalized.

For this, it is necessary that you dedicate yourself to your studies, as only
With dedication and commitment, you will achieve success in learning.
of new language.

Make an effort and you will definitely achieve success!

ENGLISH | Module 1 9
The English language

We constantly encounter thousands of words in our daily lives.

in English. Therefore, it is essential for us to learn this language that has gained

universal scope, being the most used in business and on the Internet
and in the world of entertainment.

It is practically impossible to live without having basic knowledge of English. In

Meanwhile, the good news is that learning this language is easier than
let's imagine. So, let's get started!

The Alphabet

The alphabet is the first step for you to familiarize yourself with the new
language. It is similar to the alphabet in Portuguese. The difference is in
names of the letters and their pronunciation.

Next to the letters is the pronunciation of each one. Look at it to

memorize the sequence.

A = êi–apple
B = bee–ball O = ôu–owl
C = see–cat P = pii - pig
D = dí–dog quíu–queen
elephant R = dry–rain
F = eff–fish S = essence–soccer
G = djí–giraffe teacher
H = H–hammer U = iúu–umbrella
I = ice cream V = víi–van
J = djêi–jet W = double-u–woman
K = to rise–to ascend X = écs–xebec
L = he–lion uái–yellow
M = êm–mother Z = zíi. In England,
N = energy of n–nurse says Zed. - zebra

See how simple it is? By learning the alphabet, you obtain one of the
essential knowledge for your oral and written communication in English.

ENGLISH | Module 1 11
 English as a global language, is it a good or bad thing?
Check out the text

The English language is everywhere. The language of most of the

Internet sites around the world are in English. We are using this language to
write our articles on this site, even though I am positive that English is
not the first language of everybody using this website. It is not my first
language, I come from Finland. I learned English at school. It is the most
widely studied language in the world.

It is the language of media, medicine and business. Computing uses

English as does the international air traffic control. But is the spread of
is this language a good thing or a bad one, is the spread of one such a
Is powerful language a disadvantage or an advantage?

This is a difficult question to answer. Academics in the field of linguistics

I have tried to find the best solution for this puzzle for decades now. One
a disadvantage that is often mentioned in this context is the fact that
many languages have died because of the spread of English. Many still
have lost a large number of speakers and are bound to be doomed in
the near future. These are the disadvantages, and while they certainly
seem gloomy, there are many advantages of having a global language.

Doctors, for instance, from around the world can communicate with
each other while using one language. As a consequence of numerous
people knowing this language there are fewer misunderstandings which
Of course in medicine could be fatal. People from all corners of the world.
can communicate easier because they share a common language. Media
can more easily tell us the most recent news from all over the world.
People can use the Internet as a tool for research, which means more
People are being educated about different issues.

I am happy that my son will speak this wonderful language as his first
I am sure that I will learn a lot from him when he enters school.
the UK. However, I wish that my son would also be able to speak Finnish as
this is my mother tongue. It is important for a person's identity to remember
their roots, and language is a very integral part of one's [Link] people
whose languages are being lost because of the dominance of English
language losing their identities then? As you can see, the question is a
It's a difficult one to answer, and in my opinion, there is no right or wrong answer.

12 ENGLISH | Module 1
response

a) Escreva aqui 5 palavras que você viu no texto e seus significados.

b) In a nutshell, what do you think the text above is about?

13
 Check out the text How to unlock English in conversation

Starting to study the language is the first step. But the path until the
fluency is long and for some people it necessarily goes through
a difficult obstacle to overcome: the block to speak.

For the instructor of Berlitz Global Education, Luis Simões, who has two
decades of experience in English language teaching, cases of students
they complain about the difficulty of putting into practice what they learned in

conversations are frequent.

But what to do in this case? Is it possible to unlock the skills of

conversation in English or any other language? For two
consulted specialists by EXAME say it is indeed totally possible. For
Yes, they selected some tips. Check it out:

1 Don't be ashamed of your accent.

People worry a lot, especially the more shy ones.

reserved. They tend to look for excuses not to speak," says Simões.
One of the justifications for the blocking is the strong accent, according to the

Berlitz professor.

In his opinion, the shame of not having a native pronunciation is a reflection

[Link],beforebecomingmuteattheslightestsignofaconversation
in another language, keep in mind that the important thing is to convey the
messageandbeunderstood."Nowadays,regionalityisnotcensored,
Itisevenvaluedthatlocaltraitsarepreserved,”saysSimões.

Speak without fear of making mistakes

Excessive self-criticism is one of the limiting factors for learning.

says Rosângela Souza, founder and managing partner of the Company of
Languages and ProfCerto.

Exposure to the language and mistakes are fundamental to learning.

"It's like learning to drive. If you only study the little book,
don't drive. If you're afraid to take the car or to leave the car
to die, you will not learn,” he explains.

14 ENGLISH | Module 1
"You only learn by starting to speak," agrees Simões. Making mistakes is important.
During the learning process, it explains. "It's great to get it right, but the
A person does not forget mistakes especially when they are corrected," says
the Berlitz teacher.

Don't be afraid to be corrected

Unless you ask a foreigner to correct it, he won't do it.

Luis Simões states categorically, "I have never seen this happen," he says.

It is common to fear that the foreigner will act harshly upon hearing your
interlocutor making a mistake. "On the contrary, upon realizing the
interest in learning your language, the foreigner is happy and values it
"effort," says Simões.

That's why it's rare for them to make any corrections spontaneously. "It would be
a rudeness,” says the Berlitz teacher.

4 Take advantage of the opportunities to practice

Don't run away, practice. Look for people who study or already speak the language and

with whom he has more intimacy to talk, he indicates Simões.

For the more shy, it's a good way to start 'loosing the tongue' in situations
more informal, first.

Those who attend regular language courses should understand that it is

the right moment to make an effort and actually try to speak in the other language.

It is unlikely that people leave school and seek situations on their own.
where they will practice the language. That is why it is important to practice in the classroom.

class,

5 Balance skills of comprehension, reading, writing, and speaking

The ideal is to have balance in the practice of the four skills, he argues.
Rosângela. "But the most difficult is conversation," she emphasizes.

And the specialist warns: "Monteiro Lobato said: those who do not read, hear poorly,
speaks badly, sees badly. Constant reading gives us vocabulary, consolidation.
of grammatical structures and millions of ideas on how to express oneself.
Remember, reading and listening are also essential for unlocking speech.

ENGLISH | Module 1 15
 Reading and learning English or other very different languages
In Portuguese, it happens gradually, as the student needs to have a
pre-intermediate level to start reading various themes and content
more dense," reminds the specialist. Start slowly and choose texts
suitable for your level of knowledge.

Translating word by word from a text is not only tedious and

Delayed, it is a danger, says Simões. "Words have cultural meaning".
remember Simões. He mentions the expression 'chá de cadeira' in Portuguese.
In this case, it is clear that the literal translation would not work.

The important thing is to understand which are the most important words and if
It is becoming possible to follow the story. If it's not, it's time to stop.
and to look for the meaning of the words," says Simões.

Watch movies with subtitles in the original language

For levels from intermediate onwards, Simões suggests watching series or

movies with subtitles in the original language. "To accompany together
with the audio,” says the professor.

Start with movies that you have already seen and know the story to test your
comprehension capacity. Or bet on action movies, which have
Shorter and more objective phrases. "Comedies have a lot of slang and romance."
epics bring vocabulary of difficult comprehension," remembers Simões.

Listen to songs while following the lyrics

Another way to use interest in favor of language learning.

Choose songs you like and search for the lyrics.

Music helps a lot and adds vocabulary. But it is important to have in

"mind that it is a poetry, therefore harmony is what leads"
Simões referring to slang and language that is further from the standard.
of some songs.

16 ENGLISH | Module 1
Differences between American and British English

English is a language spoken with many accents and by many people.

in the whole world. In this sense, British English is one among the
many unique varieties of English that exist.

The biggest differences between American and British English are in

pronunciation and in vocabulary. The spelling differs in some words, in
Meanwhile, the grammatical differences are minimal.

However, for now, it is not necessary for you to memorize all

the rules and differences. The most important thing for those who are starting
studying in English is knowing that there are DIFFERENCES in the language.
according to the place where it is spoken.

In this introductory course, we will adopt American English, as it is the most spoken.
in the world.

ENGLISH | Module 1 17
LEARNING GRAMMAR
A) There are three basic parts in a sentence or phrase in English: the
subject, the verb and the complement.

A sentence will have at least one subject and one verb, usually.
may be accompanied by a supplement.

B) The order of words is important in English, for example, in

questions the subject will come after the verb. Ex.: Are you happy? - are: verb
to be; you: subject

And in the answers, the subject will come before the verb. Ex.: You are happy!

The use of `yes` or `no`, when necessary, will come at the beginning of the response.

Yes, I am happy.

But enough theory, let's now go to practice! Let's start with

simple things:

II - Verbs

to speak
to eat
To drink: beber (insert figure)

III - Subject

We will first see some of the most commonly used subjects in sentences: the
pronouns, specifically the personal pronouns in the nominative case (I, YOU,
YOU, HE/SHE, WE, YOU (plural), THEY
 Personal Pronoun

I=I
you
She= ela
He = he
It = he, she (for animals and objects)
We
you
them

IV - Sentences

Now let's put these new words into action?!!

I speak Portuguese - I = subject; speak = verb; Portuguese = complement;

You eat meat - you = subject; eat = verb; meat = complement;
I drink water - I = subject; drink = verb; water = complement;
You drink milk - you = subject; drink = verb; milk = complement;
I

See how easy it was!? Just don't forget this little rule for the sentences.
Affirmative!

Subject + Verb + Complement

I speak English.

I eat fish.
I drink juice.
I drink coffee.

20 ENGLISH | Module 1
V - Expressions

Now, see and memorize some common expressions for at least

start a conversation:

bom dia
boa tarde
good evening (arrival)
boa noite (saída)
Thank you
thank you
por favor
oi
hello
You're welcome
How are you?

NOTE: you may have noticed that the expression good night is repeated
twice and in two different ways. Why? Maybe it is your
question, the reason is simple: good evening is the expression used
when you arrive somewhere, or when it is still early (beginning
Good night is the expression used when you are already leaving at night.
some place or when it's already late at night.

Now, let's make more sentences using the words we have already learned.
together with these expressions:

Hi, I speak English.

Please, I drink water!
Good evening, how are you?
I eat fish, thanks.

Learning Grammar | LESSON ONE 21

 So far we have seen affirmative sentences, but how would they look if they were
negatives?

Hi, I don't speak English.

Please, I don't drink water.
I don't eat fish, thanks.

NOTE: the expression don´t and doesn´t serve as an auxiliary for

negative sentences in the present tense of the indicative. Generally
appear when there is no verb to be. These expressions are a
form, let's say, abbreviated.

See: do + not = don't does + not = doesn't

How they should appear in sentences? This will depend on the subject.
that is in the sentence. This tactic is quite practical: when the subject is from
The third person singular (she, he, it) should use doesn't, in the others.
cases where you should use don't, see the scheme:

I She
You He doesn't
We = Don't It
They

Don't worry, these aids will be recalled in later lessons.

Just don't forget that they will only appear in sentences in the present tense.
of the indicative.

New Words

Observe the words you learned in this lesson and note some.
news that are common in everyday life. Make an effort to memorize them to
that can learn them and thus facilitate your mastery of this language,
because the more you read, the more you learn!!

22 ENGLISH | Module 1
VIMOS:

Portuguese Ham: presumed

Hi;oi Good afternoon
meat fish
Hello Good evening
water suco
please good night
leite coffee
Thanks English
bread to eat
thank you to speak
And:e to drink, to take
Good morning

ACTIVITY

Translation

I drink, I speak, I eat

b) I eat fish.
I drink water.
d) I speak English.
e) I eat bread.
f)Goodmorning,howareyou?
Hey, I don't speak Portuguese.
I do not eat meat.
I don't eat ham.

2 - Now put the sentences in the negative form using don't or doesn't:

a) I speak English.
You eat meat.
c) I drink juice.

Learning Grammar | LESSON ONE 23

 d) I speak Portuguese.
You drink milk.
Youeatbreadandham.
I drink coffee.
h) You eat fish.
You drink water.

3 - Numbers in the 2nd column according to the 1st.

Good morning ( ) ham

Hello ( ) thanks
(3) How are you? ( ) you
(4) Presumed good night
Meat hello
Please good morning
Thank you ( ) she
Good evening (arrival) juice
Good afternoon how are you?
You good evening
(11) She ( ) meat
Fish ( ) please
Juice good afternoon
Good night (exit) ( ) fish

24 ENGLISH | Module 1
 Rio runs rings around Obama
by Gideon Rachman – Financial Times
Published on: 12/30/2009

After a little fumbling with the envelope, the head of the International
The Olympic Committee has just announced the venue for the 2016.
Olympics - Rio de Janeiro. It all seems a confirmation of the mood
of the moment - Brazil is deeply fashionable and on the way up; and
the shine has come off Barack Obama, who turned up in person
to lobby for Chicago - only to see his hometown eliminated early.

Poor Obama, he really didn’t deserve this. I bet he now regrets going.
all the way to Copenhagen to lobby for Chicago. His great trump-
card was meant to be his global popularity. But the International
Olympic Committee had no trouble in brushing him aside. I ’m
afraid this is all going to play into the gathering conservative
narrative in the US of Obamas a naive dupe, who grovels in front
of foreigners - and gets nothing back in return. It seems to be
setback after setback for the US president at the moment - health-
care, Iran, the Afghanistan mess, unemployment up at nearly 10%.

As for Brazil - never has the country been so fashionable.

Brazilians are hosting the World Cup in 2014 and now the Olympics,
two years later. They provide the first letter of the much-touted
group of emerging economic superpowers - the BRICs. They are
key members of the G20. In Lula, Brazil at last has a leader who
is a recognized global figure. He gave the lead-off address at the
UN General Assembly last week. (Just before Obama, symbolically
enough.) And Brazil has also just discovered massive reserves of
offshore oil. Oh lucky country!

Learning Grammar | LESSON ONE 25

HI, WHAT'S THIS?
Who hasn't been curious about something? I think we all have. Look
the dialogue below:

ANE: Hi, John?

JOHN: Hi, Ane!
ANE: What's this, John?
JOHN: It's a book. Is that an umbrella?
ANE: Yes, it's an umbrella.

The highlighted sentences will be the focus of this lesson. We will take them out of the text to

understand them.

WHAT'S THIS? IT'S A BOOK.

WHAT'S THAT? IT'S AN UMBRELLA.

I - Structure

The indefinite article

Abook An eraser
A pencil ANactivity
Adesk ANumbrella

The indefinite article 'A' is used before a consonant or a sound

the other indefinite article is used before a vowel and of
vocal sound.

Contractions

They always appear, it can be with verbs or with pronouns, in this.

lesson we will see with some of the pronouns.
 What can it become in the contracted form when together with
verb to be, since it is in the third person singular (is) and in
present indicative, in this case the letter i is omitted and the apostrophe is used
(´), these contractions usually appear in conversation. In summary,
we can imagine the following scheme:

What + is = what's It + is = It's

what is

See the sentences:

What's this? It's a book. What's that? It's a desk.

Using what we have learned so far, we can have the following

examples:

A pen (a pen) IT'S a pen (this is a pen)

Simple answers to the question: what's this? (what is this?) the only
The difference is the use of either the contraction or the indefinite article.

But now there is another question: when do we use that and this?

THAT AND THIS

What's this? Is this a pencil?

What’s that? Is that a door?

This = this, this, this. It is used to identify something that is usually

close to you.

That = that, that, that. It is used to identify something that is

far from you, that is, for what is near we use this, for what is
long one uses that (later we will see other uses of that). Both the
cases are used in the singular form, but there is also a plural form.
these and those.

These = these. Plural of this.

Those = these, those, those, those. Plural of that.

28 ENGLISH | Module 1
One detail, if the pronouns are in the plural, this means that too
the verbs must be inflected along with them. So if we used to
Now we will use ARE. Note:

What are these?

What are those?
Is this a ball?
Yes, it’s a ball.
What's that?
Is that a book?
Is this a pencil?
No. It's a box.

IV - Word Order

Maybe this will be a problem for some, especially because in English,

some words like to change places, but see this 'little rule'
"basic" to understand the order of words. When and why they
They need to change. After all, in this language, the positions of the words can make

a good difference. See the scheme:

Are you in S C?
S V C. (Answer)

NOTE: the symbols represent:

IW = Interrogative Word
S = Subject
V = Verb
C = Complement

WHAT'S THIS? IT'S AN ERASER.

WHAT'S THAT? IT'S A CHAIR.
IS THAT A PEN? YES, IT'S A PEN.
IS THIS A DOOR? NO, IT'S A WINDOW.

Hi, what's this? | LESSON TWO 29

 Now it becomes easier to understand the scheme of the previous page then, in the per-
Questions first come with an interrogative pronoun, then the verb which can be
contracted right after the subject and, if applicable, the complement. In
response, there is a slight change, first comes the subject, then the
verb and then, if there is one, the complement. In a way, the struc-
the answers have a similarity with the answers in Portuguese.

ACTIVITY

1 - Use the indefinite articles learned today, as in the example: A book.

a)--A-- book f)_____map

b) ____ desk g) _____ window
c) ____ pencil h) _____ exercise
d) ____ ball i) _____ chair
e) ____ eraser j) _____ door

2 - Now, complete the sentences with it's and with the indefinite articles.
See the example:

It's a pen
b) ________ umbrella e) ________ glass
c) ________ picture f)________bal
d) ________ cup of water g) ________ apple

3 - Respond according to the engraving.

What’s that? It’s a cow. Is that a ball?

Yes, it’s a ball.

What’s this? Is this a door?

___________________________

30 ENGLISH | Module 1
 What's this? Is this an airplane?

__________________________

Is this a pencil?
No, it’s a helmet.

After we have tested our knowledge, let's remember the

new words learned in this lesson.

You should remember this expression: How are you? It was seen in the lesson.
1, but there is another way for her. It is this: How do you do? Both sentences
they mean the same thing. Even so, there is a small difference
among them.

"How are you?" is more commonly used when referring to your well-being.
people.

"How do you do" is used in formal responses. See the table:

How are you? How do you do?

I am very well, thanks.
I am not ill.

How do you do?

I am happy to meet you.

VOCABULARY

A= Um, uma Lanela

Copo What is this?
Lápis What is that?
Copo de água Caixa
Caneta Maçã
Dinheiro Porta
Book Guarda-chuva
Cadeira Bola
Painting Estrela
School desk Helmet
Mapa Avião
Sick

Hi, what's this? | LESSON TWO 31

DO YOU WANT…??
Interesting question, don't you think??! Do you want? Well, we will see more now.
a review of the previous class. See the following sentences:

Do you work?
- Is this a classroom? Yes, it's a classroom.
- Is that a wall? Yes, it's a wall.
Is this the first lesson? No, it's not the first lesson. It's the second lesson.
- Is that a light? No, it's not a light. It's a clock.
Is the light on the ceiling? Yes, the light is on the ceiling.
Is the paper in the desk? Yes, the paper is in the desk.

These questions will be the basis of this lesson.

Structure

Do you want?

Another way to ask, using the auxiliary:

Do you play?
Do you work? Do I speak?
Do you want a cup of tea?

I - Affirmative or negative sentences

Affirmative

It's a slice of cheese.

It’s an orange.
It's an egg. / It's not an egg.

The word following the verb 'is' forms the negative sentence. How
show the examples above.
 II - The definite article 'the'

The definite article 'the' indicates a specific person or thing, in the singular.
or in the plural. Examples:

The book, the books, the eraser, the erasers

The door, the doors, the umbrella, the umbrellas
The cup, the cups, the girl, the girls

III - Prepositions of place: on, in.

On = used for something that is over some place, surface.

In = used to indicate something that is inside, inserted in something.

or place. Examples:

On the wall in the room.

On the desk in the classroom.
On the floor in the notebook.

IV - The verb to be (is, are)

The verb 'to be' is irregular. It is used in formal contexts (first or third).

person in singular) when the subject is a singular noun. It uses-

if the form is when the subject is in the plural. Example:

The pencil is on the table.

The pencils on the table.
The ball is in the box.
The balls in the boxes.

34 ENGLISH | Module 1
V - Word order in questions

Simple Questions

Verb Subject Complement

Is the picture on the wall?

Are the pictures on the wall?
Is the umbrella in the classroom?

The word order in questions, in affirmative sentences stays as

the following way: first the verb, then the subject, and finally the
complement

Questions with interrogative pronouns

An interrogative pronoun or word always precedes the verb and can

to serve as a complement to him.

Interrogative word – Verb – Subject

WHAT'S THIS (THAT)?

WHERE'S THE PICTURE?
WHERE ARE THE PICTURES?

"Where is" is used when the subject is singular.

"Where are" is used when the subject is plural.

New Verbs

to want = querer
to work
to play, to have fun, to touch

Do you want…?? | LESSON THREE 35

 Do you want? Do you play? Do you work?
I want
They don´t want. / they don´t play. / they don´t work.

New Words

Son German
Filha Chá
Mãe Xícara
Pai Queijo
Menino Parede
Menina Classroom
Children, sons Primeiro
Irmã Segundo
Irmão Teto
of Chão
Fatia Caderno
Laranja Now
Luz Amanhã
Ruler Hoje
Sala

New Expressions

Desculpe
Tchau
Tchau
Excuse me
In the morning
In the afternoon
In the evening
À noite
Well, thank you

36 ENGLISH | Module 1
 ACTIVITY

1 - Translation:

a) I work in the morning. I don't work in the afternoon.

I want to drink wine now.
I play with my son and my daughter in the evening.
D) I don't work with my father. Do you work with your brothers and sisters?
e) Do you speak German? Sorry, I don't speak German.

2 - Answer:

a) Is the light in the ceiling?

b) Is the paper on the desk?
Is the map in the classroom?
Are the pictures on the wall?
Are the books on the table?
f)Are the chairs in the classroom?

3 - Answer the questions in the negative form and add a sentence in.
the affirmative: Example: Is this an orange? No, it's not an orange. It's a
notebook.

a) Is this a light?
b) Is that a floor?
d) Is this a chair?
Is this the first lesson?

4 - Transform the statements into questions:

a) The picture is on the wall.

The orange is on the table.
The pencil is on the desk.
The maps are on the floor.
e) The rules are in the boxes.

Do you want…?? | LESSON THREE 37

WHAT DAY IS TODAY?
Observe the following sentences and see what this lesson will be based on.

The days of the week are:

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and

Saturday.

What are the days of the week?

What day is today?
What day is tomorrow?
What day was yesterday?
What are these? They're boxes.
Are those desks? Yes, they are desks.
Is this an orange or an apple? It's an apple.
Are there any lights in the classroom? Yes, there are two lights in the classroom.
Where are they? They are on the ceiling.
Is there a clock on the wall? No, there is not a clock on the wall.

As you may have noticed, in each sentence above, there are words
griffs. These griffs are part of what will be highlighted in this lesson.

Structure

I - The plural of nouns (general rule)

The plural is formed by adding letters to the singular form of the word.

desks

II - Special rules

a) Nouns ending in ch, sh, s, ss, x and z form the plural by adding es.
add to the singular form of the word.
 classes

Exceptions: nouns ending with ch, but with the sound of a different form.
the plural by placing it in the singular form. Ex.: monarch; monarchs

b) Nouns ending with 'e' preceded by a consonant will

for the plural by putting it in its singular form.

Ex.: potato, potatoes

NOTE: nouns ending in preceded by a vowel make

plural for simply adding.

radio

c) Nouns ending in y and preceded by a consonant will

for the plural by changing the y to ies.

city, cities.

NOTE: the nouns that end with y, but are accompanied

of vowel, go to plural just by adding 'the'.

key

d) Nouns with endings emf, ff, fe form plural by changing

these endings and little things:

Ex.: wife, wives;

40 ENGLISH | Module 1
III - These and Those

They represent the plural of this and that.

Ex.: Is this a key? Are these keys?

What´s that? What are those?

IV - The subject pronouns it and they

It is usually used when it is linked to the pronoun 'that' or 'this', already

it is used when referring to the pronouns those and these.
They’re is the contraction of they are.

Ex.: What’s this? It’s an apple.

What is that? It's an orange.
What are those? They're boxes.
What are these? They're erasers.

They are also used to refer to a noun that has already been mentioned.

Ex.: Where's the clock? It's on the wall.

Where are the notebooks? They're on the desk.

V - There is and There are

These expressions mean = to exist, they do not indicate place.

The word has no meaning in these expressions, it serves only

as a introductory word in the subject position. The real subject is the
noun that will come right after the verb. These expressions will agree with
the verb, therefore can be either singular or plural.

Ex.: Is there a ruler in the box? Yes, there’s a ruler in the box.

Are there any chairs in the room? Yes, there are many chairs in the room.

What day is today? | LESSON FOUR 41

 VI - Questions with or

This case occurs when the question presents us with a choice as if

it was a doubt.

Ex.: Is it a pen or a pencil? It's a pencil.

Are those tables or desks? They're tables.

VII - questions with the subject What

When 'whatcha' appears in a question, the verb will always be in the

singular, but the answer can be either in plural or singular. The answer
generally starts with there is or there are.

What’s that? (birds)

New Verbs

gostar
to go
to need

New Words

Igreja French
Escova Onde
Professor Quando
Ônibus Amigo
Dia Domingo
Batata Sengunda
Semana Terça
City Quarta
To Quinta
Esposa Sexta
Or= Ou Sábado

42 ENGLISH | Module 1
New Expressions

Mais ou menos
Until tomorrow
Comigo
Fim de semana
What do you want?
I need to go to church
I work on the weekend

Okay, after this topic, let's see what we have learned??

ACTIVITY

1 - Write questions for the sentence:

a) _______________________________________________

No, I don't work

b) _______________________________________________

Yes, I like to drink tea on Thursday afternoons.

c) _______________________________________________

No, I don't like to drink milk.

This is my notebook.

Sorry, I don't speak French.

What day is today? | LESSON FOUR 43

 Change each sentence from singular to plural.

a) The exercise is in the book.

_______________________________________________

Is the light on the ceiling?

c) Where's the boy?

_______________________________________________

Where's the slice of cheese?

e) Where is their book?

3 - Answer each question in affirmative form.

Is this a pen?
Yes, it's a pen.
No, it's not a pen.

a) Is this a glass?

b) Is that a box?

c) Are these apples?

_______________________________________________

d) Are those keys?

_______________________________________________

e) Are these exercises?

_______________________________________________

44 ENGLISH | Module 1
4 - Complete with is there or are there:

Is there a class in the room?

Are there any windows in the room?

c) ___________ seven days in a week?

Is there an orange in the box?

What day is today? | LESSON FOUR 45

REVIEW 1
In this lesson we will revisit some of the topics covered in the lessons.
previous. And we will also learn new verbs and expressions.

New Verbs

ter
to understand

New Expressions

For breakfast
for lunch
for dinner
Nice to meet you
a lot
How many
every day

Structure

how many can be used for nouns that in English go to

the plural.

Quantos cadernos você tem?

In this lesson, there is a detail about two verbs that will be emphasized. They are
the verbs:

Verbs - To buy and to sell

 See the sentences:

I want to buy an eraser for my sister.

for my sister.)

I need to sell my house to my friend.

my friend.)

In the sentences there are two underlined words, let's understand them. The verb to
buy foot as a complement, while to sell it to you.

I need to buy a book for my student.

for my student.)

I want to sell my book to my friend.

friend.)

Understanding the new verbs

I have a house
I have to study
I have to understand

Notice the last two sentences, as observed in the examples, for

let's form sentences with more than one verb and these come in sequence,
It is necessary to have coherence in the sentence.

I like to study!
I need to go home now.
I like to eat apple in the morning.

Now note one of the expressions: very much. How can we use it? See:

I like my friend very much.

I like my car very much.
Very much appears at the end of sentences and has the meaning of intensity.

48 ENGLISH | Module 1
NEW WORDS

banco some
trabalho Spanish
tempo marido
carro breakfast
grande almoço
pequeno jantar
old

REMEMBER!!!!

I - Indefinite and definite articles

Indefinite Article: A - AN. They correspond to um and uma in Portuguese.

A is used for words beginning with consonants;

Used for words that start with vowels.

Ex.: A map; an apple

A chair; an orange
A day; an envelope
A name; an eraser
A picture; an umbrella
A week; an exercise

a) Complete with A or AN:

a) _________ apple
b) _________ friend
c) _________ city
d) _________ orange
e) _________ table
f)_________class
g) _________ notebook

Review 1 | LESSON FIVE 49

 Definite article: the is the equivalent in Portuguese for o, a

Ex: The table; the banana

The door; the key
The week; the weekend

II - Plural of Nouns

The general rule is to place 's' at the end of the word. E.g.: map, maps do not.

forget that every rule has its exceptions, for example:

Nouns ending in ss, ch, sh, s, and x are added es.

plural.

Nouns ending in 'my' but preceded by a consonant

lost hey receives hey.

However, if it is preceded by a vowel, only 'os' is added.

brushes
city

b) Change the words from singular to plural:

day
b) class =
book
ruler
church
fb)us=
box

50 ENGLISH | Module 1
III - Contractions

what is
where's = where + is
It is
there is
they are

Commonly used terms in conversation.

c) Complete each blank with one of these contractions:

Ex.: __________ that? ________ an orange.

What's this? It's an orange.

a) What is this? This is a telephone

b) Where is my pencil? The pencil is on the desk.

c) What are these? __________ slice of cheese.

d) Is this a key? No, it is a pencil.

No, they are not bananas. They are an apple.

apples.

IV - Word order

Both to ask and to answer, the sentence undergoes changes. In

the question first comes the auxiliary verb, then the subject, then the
verb and the complement. In the answers, the subject comes first, followed by the verb.

and then the complement.

Do you want to eat bread?

Yes, I want to eat bread.

Review 1 | LESSON FIVE 51

 d) Write questions for the sentences:

a) ________________________________________

this is my car.

b) ________________________________________

Yes, there's a map in the room.

c) ________________________________________

it's an exercise

e) Arrange each group of words in the correct order:

a) What is your name?

It's not an apple.
c) ? Are how you =
Are there seven days in a week?
It's neither Sunday nor Saturday, it's
fF
)irsthelesson?is

V - Affirmative and negative form

How would you put the following sentences in negative and affirmative forms?

• Is this a table?
No, it's not a table. It's a box.

f)Nowtryityourself:

• Is this an eraser?
• Is that a picture?
• Is this lesson two?
• Are these pens?
• Are those oranges
• Are those bananas?

52 ENGLISH | Module 1
VI - Prepositions of place: ON, IN.

To not forget:

Used to indicate things that are on something or on

any surface. E.g.: on the desk.

INé used for things that are inside something. Ex.: in the notebook

g) Complete with ON or IN:

Is the picture on the wall?

The sentences are in my notebook.
Are the keys on the floor?
Ane is ____ the classroom.

VII - There is and there are

These terms mean to exist, to have. They are their form in

singular and plural respectively.

h) Complete each question with IS THERE or ARE THERE:

Is there an orange on the table?

How many chairs are there in the classroom?
Are there any apples in the boxes?
Is there a notebook on the desk?
Is there an umbrella on the table?

Review 1 | LESSON FIVE 53

WHO IS HE???
Let's learn to ask 'curious' questions. We will see here about some
two interrogative pronouns. The first will be:
why and conjunction - because. Both in Portuguese mean: because.

I - Interrogative pronoun - Why

Conjunction - Because

Why - used in questions

because - used in responses

Example:

Why do you study English?

Because I want to go to the USA.
Why are you saving money?
Because I want to buy a CD player.

Why is used to ask questions.

Because it is used to answer questions.

II - Interrogative pronoun – When

When=when, used in questions.

Example:

When are you going to come back?

On Monday morning.
 III - Interrogative pronoun – Who

WHO=Who–used in questions

Example:

Who is he? He is Dr. Paul.

Who is she? She is my sister.
Who's that man? He's my father.
Who's that woman? She's my mother.
Who are those men? They are my father and my brother.
Who are those women? They're my sister and my mother.

IV - Interrogative pronoun – What

What or Which - used for questions

Example:

What’s Mr. Allen? Is he a teacher?

They are doctors.

V - Numbers

ZERO = 0; ELEVEN = 11; TWENTY-TWO = 22; TWO HUNDRED = 200

ONE = 1; TWELVE = 12; THIRTY = 30; THREE HUNDRED = 300
TWO = 2; THIRTEEN = 13; THIRTY-ONE = 31; ONE THOUSAND = 1000
THREE = 3; FOURTEEN = 14; FORTY = 40; TWO THOUSAND = 2000
FOUR = 4; FIFTEEN = 15; FORTY-ONE = 41; TEN TOHUSAND = 10000
FIVE = 5; SIXTEEN = 16; FIFTY = 50
SIX = 6; SEVENTEEN = 17; FIFTY-ONE = 51
SEVEN = 7; EIGHTEEN = 18; SIXTY = 60
EIGHT = 8; NINETEEN = 19; EIGTHY = 80
NINE = 9; TWENTY = 20; NINETY = 90
TEN = 10; TWENTY-ONE = 21; ONE HUNDRED = 100

56 ENGLISH | Module 1
Now, let's learn new words??!

VI - The present tense of to be

The verb 'to be' is irregular, observe its conjugation. Note that in the first
In the singular person, there is a change in the form of the verb. The third.

The plural person can refer to both people and objects.

The second person singular can also be used in the plural and in
singular, the difference will be seen in the complement that appears in the sentence.

I AM A TEACHER
YOU ARE A NURSE
HE IS AN ENGINEER
She is a student.
IT IS A DOG
WE ARE DOCTORS

New Verbs

to economize, to save, to keep

to help
to know
escrever

New Words

Actor policial
apartment motorcycle
actress artist
vaca doutor
engenheiro chief
cavalos garçom
nurse Newspaper= journal

Who is he??? | LESSON SIX 57

 frango revista
escritório carta
porco mail
arquiteto postcard
bicycle mailman

New Expressions

hoje de manhã
hoje à tarde
tonight
tomorrow morning
tomorrow night
about, more or less or approximately.

ACTIVITY

Let's see if we understand this lesson??

Can you translate?

a) I need to speak with my father about this.

b) What do you eat? Do you want an apple?

I want to sell my bicycle.

___________________________________________________________

d) Who's he? He's my English teacher.

58 ENGLISH | Module 1
2 - Respond according to the figures:

Who's he?

___________________________________________________________

b) Who am I?

c) What’s this?
___________________________________________________________

What’s that?

What's this?

What'sthat?

Who is he??? | LESSON SIX 59

 3 - Answer each question affirmatively.

a) ¿Eres ingeniero?

b) Is she a nurse?

c) Do you have a horse?

Are we students?
___________________________________________________________

Is she a teacher?

f)Doyouwanttohelpmyfriend?
___________________________________________________________

60 ENGLISH | Module 1
WHAT TIME IS IT?
You have certainly asked this question before. In Portuguese quickly.
We would answer this question, but how does the answer to it go in English?
See the times below:

It’s nine o’clock.

It’s nine ten o’clock.
It’s nine-fifteen o’clock.
It’s nine-twenty.

As the examples above show, it's not that complicated to tell the time.

A reminder:

a.m = 0 12h (from midnight to noon)

p.m. = 12 24h (from noon to midnight)

Also, two prepositions can appear in the answers. See:

I go to church at 6 o'clock.
I study until 12 o'clock.
At and until are the prepositions that may arise.

The preposition at

Atis used with the name of a specific place or local point.

At the hospital; at home

At the office; at school
 Structure

The simple present tense

Simple present = present indicative. We use it to express habits.

In the 3rd person singular, an 'S' is added to the verb in the form.
affirmative.

Example:

I speak English.
You eat bread.
He wants a motorcycle.
She wants a bicycle.
It likes juice.
We help you.
You write a letter.
They drink wine.

Note: WHENVER A VERB ENDS IN –S, –SH, –CH, –X OR –O, WE ADD – ES.

Example:

He washes the car at home.

She watches TV every night.

The three situations in which we use this verb tense: In the negative,
affirmative and interrogative.

NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I don't go home. I go home. Do you go home?
She doesn't eat cheese. She eats cheese. Does she eat cheese?
They don't have money. They have money. Do they have money?

62 ENGLISH | Module 1
New Verbs

abrir assistir
lavar preferir
fechar To read

New Words

neighbor state
até country
more arroz
test feijão
already salada
ticket, pass time, hour
Then urso

New Expressions

What time is it?

levantar-se
acordar
to have breakfast
almoçar

ACTIVITY

What time is it?

10:00
___________________________________________________________

b) 2:15

What time is it? | LESSON SEVEN 63

 c) 9:20

d) 6:30

3:50
___________________________________________________________

f)3:10
___________________________________________________________

2 - Write the sentences with the words:

You close the door.

He washed the car this morning.

___________________________________________________________

We watch TV every night.

___________________________________________________________

She doesn't like ham and bread.

They eat salad, rice, and beans.

Do you know my mother?

Do you speak with my neighbor?

I have to buy the tickets this month.

64 ENGLISH | Module 1
WHAT ARE YOU DOING?
Look at the text:

What are you doing now, Francis?

FRANCIS: I'm reading this book because I like this story. Do you
Do you want to read this book after me, Ane?

ANE:I still don't know.

FRANCIS: That's okay!!

These highlighted sentences, if we understand how they work,

we can make our own sentences!

Structure

I - Present tense with -ing

It is used to describe a fact or action that is happening in

moment. The word can now be used at the end of the sentence to emphasize.
the action. Along with this verb form, the auxiliary verb 'benão' is used.
forgetting that in the sentence, the main verb that expresses the action
important in the sentence, but if the main verb ends in 'eme', omit it
if this letter before adding -ing.

To understand well, observe the table below:

IW AV SUBJECT PV C

IW = INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN

AV = AUXILIARY VERB

PV = PRINCIPAL VERB

COMPLEMENT

WHERE + PRESENT TENSE WITH -ING

 WHAT'S JOHN DOING?

WHAT ARE THE BOYS WRITING ON THE BLACKBOARD?

IS HE SPEAKING SPANISH?

Where are you going?

Note: the verb 'go' is a verb of locomotion and in its context is

common use of the preposition to.

She's going to the movies.

He is going to the beach with his relatives this vacation.

to the beach with your relatives this vacation.

WHO + PRESENT TENSE WITH – ING

WHO, as we have already seen, is used in questions and the verb stays in the third.
singular person. The answer can be either in the singular or in the
plural, in the first, second, and third person. When it is in the third
person, the subject must be a noun.

For example:

Who’s writing letters? The boys are writing letters.

Who is writing letters? The boys are writing letters.

Who's speaking with your father? My sister is speaking with my father.

Who is speaking with your father? My sister is speaking with my father.

Who’s reading this book? I’m reading this book.

Who is reading this book? I am reading this book.

WHO TO BE PRINCIPAL VERB COMPLEMENT

66 ENGLISH | Module 1
II - Possessive pronouns

Do you know what the possessive pronouns are? Look at the table:

Meu, Minha
Seu
Seu
Seu
Seu
Nós
You
Deles

Note: These pronouns agree with the subject and not with the
object.

Do you want to buy my car?

It's your notebook!

Shall we learn more words?

New Verbs

to reside, to live
dormir
to come = vir
nadar
dizer
to fill = to fill, to complete
to stay, to remain

What are you doing? | LESSON EIGHT 67

 New Words

casa praia
still year
biblioteca férias
yet next
stories, (tales) meeting
pool thing
parents from

New Expressions

What is the meaning of...?

That's okay
How much
very well
by car
by bus
By train
by airplane
by subway
On foot

ACTIVITY

1 - Fill each blank with a form of the auxiliary verb to be.

You are reading this magazine.

You are reading this magazine.

a) Who is going to the library?

Where are you going now?
She is living with my sister.
Are we learning English or Spanish?
He is starting to study English with my brother.

68 ENGLISH | Module 1
2 - Complete the sentence:

Are you speaking with me?

She is going to the beach.
c) Do your relatives want to go to the swimming pool?
They are coming from New York by plane.

3 - Complete each question with Where and the verb to be and answer them.
question.

Where's Peter?
He's going to the beach.

a) __________ your sister? (School?) ______________________________

b) _________ you now? (Library) _______________________________

c) __________ my brother? (Swimming Pool) _______________________

d)_________ the secretary? (Office?) _____________________________

What are you doing? | LESSON EIGHT 69

DO YOU LIKE TO GIVE ORDERS?
WHO IS NOT TEMPTED TO
THAT'S IT! BUT IS IT TO BE RECEIVED??!

From now on, we will see how to give orders using the imperative tense.
See the sentences below:

Open your notebook! Please, open your notebook!

Dear [Recipient's Name], I hope this letter finds you well. I wanted to take a moment to express my thoughts and feelings. Life can be quite busy, and sometimes we find it hard to connect with those we care about. I want you to know that you are often in my thoughts. I would love to hear from you soon and catch up on everything that's been happening in our lives. Let's make some time to connect. Take care and looking forward to your reply! Best regards, [Your Name]

Let's learn English! (you and I)

Structure

I - Simple and polite command

To form a command, only the simple form of the verb is used.

as shown in the sentences above: open, write, learn. The subject you,
although not appearing in the sentence, it remains understood to leave the
a more polite command can include the word please,
before the verb.

Did you notice the appearance of the expression let's? Well, this is a way
abbreviated from let us. It is used when it indicates that not only the one who listens

it is included, but also who speaks. It should come before the verb of certain
Form serves to turn the command into an invitation. Since the command itself...
person is including themselves.

Example:

Close the door. Open this book.

Let's close the door.
 II - Which or What?

About what, we have already seen many of its functions. Let's take a look at one more

now, it can be used in questions, but there is another pronoun

interrogative that has the same meaning as it has in Portuguese,
this is the wich. Observe the following chart:

WHAT = It is used when you talk about an indefinite number of

alternatives or things. Ex.: What color do you like most?

WHICH = Used when you talk about a specific number of

things or alternatives. Ex.: I have two jackets, one is red and the other one is
blue. Which one do you like most?

In summary:

WHAT = NOT IN GENERAL

WHICH = MORE SPECIFIC

Don't worry, we will discuss this subject in detail later.

Adverbs of frequency: generally, usually, always, never

Frequency adverbs are used to express how often

frequency is made of a certain action, they appear before the verb
principal, with the exception of the verb to be.

See the examples:

Does Ane generally come here on Saturday?

No, she never came here on Saturday.
Are you always right for your friend?
Yes, I usually write for my friend.

ALWAYS = It is used for something done very frequently

USUALLY, GENERALLY = It is used for something done with some frequency

NEVER = It is used for something that is not done in any way.

72 ENGLISH | Module 1
New Verbs

to repeat
to speak, to converse
começar
vistar

New Words

antes de festa
after Far = far
sempre midday
nunca midnight
geralmente football
que, qual store, warehouse
near

New Expressions

Let's = we are going

time, hour, time

sometimes

ACTIVITY

1 - Translation:

Does your sister want to buy a bicycle or a motorcycle?

b) My father likes to get up at seven o'clock.

Do you like giving orders? Who isn't tempted by that! But how about receiving??! | LESSON NINE 73
 c) Please, close your notebooks. We don’t need to write now.

d) I sleep until six thirty, and then I open the door and read a magazine.

How many children does your brother have?

___________________________________________________________

2 - Make Three imperative sentences with each verb and word, but you
need to.

USE: With the simple form of the verb, with please, with let’s.
Open the window
Please open the window
Let's open the window

a) Repeat/Sentence

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

b) Close/Door

c) Read/Book
___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

d) Write/Letter

74 ENGLISH | Module 1
Go/Store

f) Live/My house
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

Do you like to give orders? Who isn't tempted by that! But how about receiving??! | LESSON NINE 75
REVIEW 2
Objective: This lesson will be a review of lessons six to nine. With
new verbs and words. This way you will be able to assimilate the content well.
the lessons and thus make better use of the course.

I - Why and because

Why– used for questions. Appears at the beginning of the question, before the
subject and verb.

Because– is used to directly answer the questions asked by

interrogative pronoun why.

Note: Why and because = Por que and Porque.

Why do you study English?

Because I like English.

II - Preposition at

At– It is a preposition of place. It is used for the name of a place.

specific or meeting point.

At the library at the store.

At the hospital at home.
 III - Present Tense

It is used to express a current fact. It is equivalent to the present of

indicative. Remember that in the third person singular one must
add to letters.

Example:

I'm studying English and Spanish.

You need to buy a car.
He sells his motorcycle.
She lives with her mother.
It drinks milk.
We like to eat cake.
They don’t speak with you.

IV - Present Tense + - ing

It is used to describe something that is happening at the moment of speaking.

to give greater emphasis. You can use the word now. Also in this case
the verb 'be' is used as an auxiliary verb for the main verb.

Ex.:

What are you drinking?

I'm drinking coffee and milk.
Is he speaking with your neighbor?
They are starting to work with my father.

One can also use other interrogative pronouns, such as where, who.

Ex.: Where are you going? I’m going to downtown.

Where is she living? She’s living with her friends near here.

78 ENGLISH | Module 1
V - Possessive pronouns

These are pronouns that indicate possession. They usually agree.

with the subject.

Meu
Seu
His
Sua
Its= Your (Neutral)
Nosso
Your (of you)
Seu (Deles)

Ex.:

This is my doll.
I want to know your friend.
They are Julie and her aunt.

VI - Simple and polite commands

In this case, the imperative mood is used, where the verb is in its
normal form and the subject, although not expressed, is implied. But
To turn commands into requests, we should use the word please.

Ex.:

Close the window.

Please, speak with me!
Go to the meeting.

NOTE: you can also use the expression let's. Where the own
the narrator is included in the request or invitation.

Let's go to the beach tomorrow morning.

Review 2 | Lesson Ten 79

 New Verbs

to produce
to do = to make
to finish
cozinhar
to visit

New Words

cansado fit
service, employment very
company aunt
information tio
during cookies, biscuits
child bolo
bridge

New Expressions

A lot = very (intensity)

A lot of = many (quantity)

ACTIVITY

1 - Answer the questions, but use the words in your answer:

Why do you come here to want to speak?

Yes, I am tired.

80 ENGLISH | Module 1
Yes, he wants to sell his bicycle.
___________________________________________________________

d) What time is it? (9:00)

2 - Make imperative sentences with these verbs:

a) Open

b) Drink

c) Close

3 - What time is it?

10:15

11:00

c) 9:30
translatedText

d) 8:25

4 - Translation:

I work a lot.

b) Do you like to drink milk?

___________________________________________________________

c) Why do you come here every day?

Review 2 | Lesson Ten 81

 d) She lives with her parents.
___________________________________________________________
e) I'm going to visit my aunt.

Hi,howareyou?Doyouwanttoeatasliceofcake?

82 ENGLISH
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Structure

Simple present tense

look:

I read a good book.

She reads a good book.

In the present tense, you can use the auxiliary 'does' to make
interrogations and negative sentences.

Do you like to read?

I don’t like to read.

Simple present is formed from the infinitive of the verb without the
particularly. The third person singular (she, he, it), in general, receives
at the end of the verb. But we have some exceptions.

NOTE:

a) verbs ending in sh, ch, o, x, z receive ES in the third

singular person.

monarchs
fixes

b) the verbs ending in preceded by consonant change

pories.

she cries
 c) verb to have - in the third person it has the form has.

I have a ball. She has a doll.

When should you use the simple present??!

In two situations:

1st - to express universal truths, something concrete and real.

The sun is hot.

2nd - to express actions planned for the future.

Our bus leaves in ten minutes.

My mother wants to buy a car next month.

NOTE:

Usual actions are generally accompanied by adverbs.

of frequency.

The most common are:

Always
Frequently
Every
Never
Seldom
Often
Rarely
Sometimes
Usually

I never eat fish.

You seldom watch TV in the afternoon.
She usually goes downtown with her mother.

84 ENGLISH | Module 1
Much

Let's understand when and how we use these terms:

Much: very - is considered as an adjective when in the singular.

many– it is considered an adjective when in the plural.

Both are used before nouns to indicate quantity.

I have a lot of money in the bank.

There are many things to do.
very– It is an adverb. It is used in the sense of intensity.

She is very beautiful.

NOTE:

Much and many can be replaced by a lot of.

There is much money at the bank.

A lot of
I have many things to do today.
A lot of

New Verbs

to cry

to push

Structure – Simple present tense | LESSON ELEVEN 85

 New Words

sempre
frequently
frequently
never
rarely
às vezes
generally
antigo
moderno
mal
cores
branco
vermelho
azul
Green=green

New Expressions

to retire
information, data
Date= data
retire
to find by chance
continue
To cut down = save money

86 ENGLISH | Module 1
 ACTIVITY

1 - Change to singular:

The boys want to play soccer today.

b) Her brothers go to church at 6:30.

___________________________________________________________

They eat beans and rice every night.

___________________________________________________________

The women need to buy new shirts.

___________________________________________________________

The students bring many books this morning.

2 - Complete with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses:

a) I always go downtown with my mother.

She sold her old bicycle.
c) The boy drinks to drink milk every morning.
d) That is intelligence.
e) This old man wants to buy a lot of cigarettes.
Do you need to try again?

There are many people at the event.

a) There are ____________ children in my house.

b) My brother is intelligent.
c) There is ________ meat in this sandwich.
d) John has __________ toys.
e) My son speaks _________ languages.

Structure – Simple present tense | LESSON ELEVEN 87

 f) It’s very hot today.
g) I need to sell ________ books this week.
Ane has _________ friends.

4 - Complete the sentences with these expressions: to retire, data and to

take away.

a) My father has 25 years of work and this year he ___________.

You need to put that book on the box.

c) I have many concerns about your new friend.

5 - Change to the third person singular (She/He).

They usually like to speak in English.

We frequently play volleyball on Saturday.

c) We study English every week.

I work in the afternoon and study at night.

We try to speak with her this week.

88 ENGLISH
DO YOU LIKE?
In the above question, we see the use of the auxiliary verb. As already noted
In previous lessons, it has several uses, mainly in time.
present.

Structure

SimplePresent–Interrogativeandnegativeform

There is no verb to be, when we want to ask a question we place the

verb in front of the subject.

Example:

Are you a student?

But now, let's look at the other verbs!!

Ex.

Do you like milk?

Does she speak Spanish?
In these sentences, the auxiliary verb does appeared. Let's see the same ones.
phrases, but in the negative form.

Ex.:

You don’t like milk.

She doesn’t speak Spanish.
When are DO and DOES used?
DOES = appears in the third person singular.
DO = appears in other people.

Example:

She doesn’t like to read.

He doesn’t play guitar.
Ane doesn’t study French.
 Note:

In this case, a transformation occurs, the main verb returns to its form.
infinitive (losing the S or ES).

Ex.

John doesn’t want to buy a new car.

Does Peter work all day long?

Imperative Tense

In the imperative tense, the subject is implied. In fact, in this

time the conjugation becomes a command.

Ex.:

Drink your milk!

Eat your sandwich!!
Open the door!
Noted! Both sentences are commands. Now, let's look at these same sentences.
in the negative form.
Don't drink your milk!
Don't eat your sandwich!
Don't open the door!
Logically, the negative form is formed by the combination of the auxiliary verb DO + NOT.

Personal pronouns - Object

Pronouns that form subject and object.

Subject object

I me She her You you

You you It it They them
He him We use

90 ENGLISH | Module 1
Ex.:

Ane loves Peter. Ane loves him.

Peter talks about Ane. Peter talks to her.
As we saw, pronouns can be used as objects.

NOTE:

If a verb has two objects, the direct and the indirect, what to do??!

1) the structure usually used is:

VERB + INDIRECT OBJECT + DIRECT OBJECT

I give her a present.

They sell me some pictures.

2) when the indirect object is used after the direct object, it will be
preceded detooufor. Observe the same examples above, with
the proper change:

I give a present to her.

They sell me to some pictures.

New Verbs

To give= dar
amar

New Words

really
currently
parents (father and mother)
parents
library

Structure – Simple present – interrogative and negative form | LESSON TWELVE 91

 livraria
fruit
bolo
manteiga
capa de chuva
above
against

New Expressions

fall in love
To look over= examiner
to calculate
To call off = cancel

ACTIVITY

1 - Put the sentences into the interrogative form:

She goes to the library.

b) You want to eat cake.

John studies English and French.

translatedText

Michael loves Ane.

___________________________________________________________

e) She wants to give a shirt to her friend.

___________________________________________________________

92 ENGLISH | Module 1
2 - Complete with don’t or doesn’t:

a) I would like to drink orange juice.

You can speak English.

I will speak with my parents today.

d) Mary will use her raincoat.

e) She might go to the bookstore this afternoon.

3 - Complete the correct personal pronoun:

Francy is talking to John now.

________ is talking to _______ now.

b) Don’t open the door!

Don't open ______.

c) Michael is between Peter and Mary.

_________ is between ___________.

4 - Put the sentences into the negative form:

a) My relatives like to give presents to us.

b) I love my relatives.

c) John speaks English.

d) Mary quiere comer fruta.

e) You like bread and ham.

___________________________________________________________

Structure – Simple present – interrogative and negative form | LESSON TWELVE 93

I’M GOING TO DANCE TONIGHT!!!
Let's see how to talk about future plans.

Let's look at the examples:

I'm going to write a letter this morning.

You’re going to buy a new car next year.

Structure

Going to: is used to express plans and future actions. To form

this verbal expression requires the verb be as an auxiliary. One more
verb in the infinitive form, that is, without oto.

When using this verbal form, adverbs of time usually appear.

Here are some of them:

Next day
Next week
Next month
Next year
In a week
In a month
In a year
Tomorrow
Tonight

We are going to dance tonight!!

Interrogative and negative form

In this case, just like in the other verb tenses, there will be some
changes.
 An auxiliary necessary for this transformation will be the verb to be.

Example:

He is going to buy a new motorcycle next month.

He isn't going to buy a new motorcycle next month.
Is he going to buy a new motorcycle next month?

As shown, for the occurrence due to changes in the phrase, the important
It will be the position of the verb to be. It is the one that will make the change to negation.

or for the interrogation.

Possessive pronouns

In this case, we need to understand the difference regarding when the possessives
pronouns function as pronouns and when they act as adjectives.

They are possessive pronouns when they replace nouns and,

that's why they do not appear accompanied by them.

They are possessive adjectives when they act, or rather modify the
nouns, therefore they always appear accompanied by them.

In both cases, both adjectives and possessive pronouns.

they agree with the possessor.

The pronouns are:

Adjective pronoun

My;mine
Your; yours
His;his
Her
Its;its
Our;ours
Your; yours
Their

96 ENGLISH | Module 1
Ex.:

I'm going to buy my book and he is going to buy his.

This is my book.
This book is mine.

Note:

Look this sentence:

Everybody needs to bring their own things.

To agree with indefinite nouns, the use is necessary

of a masculine adjective or pronoun and in the singular. How was it
demonstrated in the example above, where the pronoun 'his' appears, which
It is in the masculine (referring to him) and it is in the singular.

Let's learn more verbs??

New Verbs

to wait (to wish, to have hope)

to wait (as in waiting for the time, someone, for example: a colleague who is late)
To change = change, modify, exchange

New Words

From
Among = between (in the midst of objects, things)
through
into
For
somebody
nobody

I'm going to dance tonight!!! | LESSON THIRTEEN 97

 Anybody = nobody (usually used in negative or interrogative sentences)
parque
festa
jornal
sorte
habit
suit, fantasy

New Expressions

to sort = classify, separate

sorte
To put on = dress, use
to understand

After so many updates, let's see if we really understand.

ACTIVITY

1 - Use the interrogative form:

a) She is going to write a letter today.

___________________________________________________________

b) I’m going to use my new motorcycle.

He is going to wait for his girlfriend at school tonight.

You hope for good news this afternoon.

___________________________________________________________

e) He wants to change his costume.

98 ENGLISH | Module 1
2) Use the negative form:

My son wants to go to the party tonight.

She is going to bring her children this afternoon.

I’m going to wait for you next week.

d) I like to drink milk every morning.

I need to sort through my clothes to find the right costume for the party.

Ane didn’t buy a new ___________________. Because she didn’t want.

to go to the party.

b) You need to change your____________________.

I don’t have ________________ with men.

d) I don’t know how to arrange this objects.

I'm going to dance tonight!!! | LESSON THIRTEEN 99

Did you call me?
Did you notice that this sentence features the auxiliary DID? This auxiliary verb
indicates that the sentence is in the past. Let's see now how to use the tense.
past!!

Structure

Simple Past - Regular verbs

Ex.:

I called my brother.
We danced a lot last night.

Simple Past

In regular verbs, the simple past is formed by adding -ed.

One final of the verb.

See the example below:

You worked all day long.

Note: Every rule has its exception, this one is no different. See
the why:

1st - If the verb ends in 'y' and is preceded by a consonant, remove it.
hey put yourself there;

cried
d) She lives with her parents.
___________________________________________________________
e) I'm going to visit my aunt.

Hi,howareyou?Doyouwanttoeatasliceofcake?
The simple past can be accompanied by some adverbs of
time, such as:

yesterday
last week
last month
last year
last night
three years ago

Interrogative and negative form

You liked to eat this cake.

Did you like to eat cake?
You didn't like to eat cake.

For the negative and interrogative forms, the use of the auxiliary DID is necessary.
In this case, the main verb remains in the infinitive and without 'oto'.

Ex.:

I didn’t work on a ship last month.

We didn’t want to speak with you.

New Verbs

to transport, to load
to dress, to use
To find, found = character
to see
to call

Structure - Simple past - regular verbs! | LESSON FOURTEEN 103

 New Words

navio
juntos
back (time)
calças
aviso
news

New Expressions

perito
expert

ACTIVITY

1 - Use the simple past in these verbs:

______________

b) use =______________

c) dance =____________

stop

e) talk =______________

study

g) need =_____________

h) see =______________

104 ENGLISH | Module 1

2 - Put the sentences into simple past:

I want to go to church.

We need to study a lot.

c) Ane makes a chocolate cake.

He stopped working this afternoon.

I wear a beautiful dress today.

3 - Put the sentences into negative form:

She wore new pants yesterday.

My father stopped to buy chocolate for me.

I saw my boyfriend yesterday.

___________________________________________________________

d) Peter carried a lot of things in his car.

He found my old book.

4 - Put the sentence into the interrogative form:

We worked all day long.

b) They studied English last week.

___________________________________________________________

Structure - Simple past - regular verbs! | LESSON FOURTEEN 105

 You traveled last month.

You found my red dress.

List of some irregular verbs

In this lesson, we mention the irregular verbs. Now, take a look at some verbs.
irregulars and their forms both in the past and in the simple participle:

ser, estar
to become
to start
to bring
comprar
escolher
to come
to do, did, done = to do
to eat
achar
dar
to go
to have, had, had = ter
partir
to do
to run, ran, run = to run
To say, said, said = to say
to see
vender
to sleep, slept, slept = dormer
to speak

106 ENGLISH
REVIEW 3
Objective: In this lesson, we will do a general review of the last four.
lessons already studied, with consolidation exercises and summary of the topics
main ones already seen. It is the last lesson of this series. From the next one,
we will enter level basic II.

Prerequisite: to have seen at least the last four lessons and completed the
activities.

Do you remember??

Let's see what we learned in the last lessons??

Some verb tenses were analyzed.

Let's see:

Structure

Simple Present Tense

Simple present indicates an action that is happening in real time.

Affirmative form

In this form, the verb appears in the infinitive without 'oto'. In general, in the 3rd

person receives the addition of letters, but there are some exceptions where
you can appear or go.

Example:

it eats
We study; she studies
They cry; she cries
I fix; I fixes
 In the case of the verb to have, a broader change occurs.

I have a ball.
He has a ball.

We must not forget that when we refer to everyday actions,

these can be accompanied by adverbs of frequency.

Always never sometimes

Rarely, seldom, usually

Interrogative form

There is no need to put the verb in front of the subject. In the others.
In verbs, the auxiliary Do or Does is used.

Ex.

Is she tired?
Are you going home now?
Does he like to eat pineapple?

Negative form

In this case, the negative form appears. It can also be used.

in the abbreviated form both with the verb to be and with the auxiliary do/does.

Ex.:

She is not tired.

You do not go home.
He does not (doesn’t) want to eat pineapple.

108 ENGLISH | Module 1

Much

They represent almost the same word – much, many.

Much and many – give the idea of quantity.

Much=very - for the singular, it is considered an adjective.
Many = many - it is also considered an adjective for the plural.
Very = much - adverb - referring to intensity.

Imperative Tense

As if giving an order. Leaving the subject implied.

Ex.

Open the door!

Do me a favor!
Close the window.

Going To

This verb form expresses future actions, it is necessary to use the verb to
be as an auxiliary, along with a verb in the infinitive without to.

Ex.:

I’m going to see you next week.

We’re going to study this afternoon.
They’re going to buy something tomorrow.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

To form it in affirmative sentences, add D or ED at the end.

of the verb, when it is regular. But when it is irregular, the variation
it will be according to the form of the verb.

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 109

 The auxiliary goes to the past DID.

Ex.:

I didn’t read this book.

We didn't come here yesterday.
Did you sell your car?

New Verbs

lembrar-se
visitor
dirigir

New Words

something
Ad = advertisement

everything, whole, entire

quase
já
although, despite
bag, sack
padaria
quarto
occupied
sweet
abacaxi

New Expressions

to plan

110 ENGLISH | Module 1

 ACTIVITY

1 - Change the sentences to interrogative form:

They like to go to the beach every month.

___________________________________________________________

You visit your family every year.

c) She drives a motorcycle.

d) He remembered to do his homework.

You are very busy now.

___________________________________________________________

2 - Change the sentences to negative form:

I like to dance every week.

___________________________________________________________

We studied English yesterday.

c) She visited her aunt last month.

d) They are going to come here tomorrow.

3 - Complete with many, much or very:

a) My sister is a _______________ smart girl.

b) Ane is a ______________ curious woman.

c) Mr. Smith is a very good doctor.

d) There are ____________ books on my table.

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 111

 4 - Change to the 3rd person singular (he/she)

I go to school at 7:00.

They like to eat pineapple.

c) You visit your mother every month.

___________________________________________________________

Did you remember to buy any fruits?

___________________________________________________________

112 ENGLISH | Module 1

 Reading Techniques: Skimming and Scanning

There are different reading styles for different situations. Pages

on the Internet, Novels, Books Texts, Manuals, Magazines, Newspapers and
correspondence is one of the items read by people every day.
Efficient and effective readers learn to use many reading styles
for different purposes. For example, you can read for pleasure, to
to obtain information or to complete a task. The chosen technique
It will depend on the purpose of the reading. Scanning, skimming, and readings.
critiques are different styles of readings. If you are looking for
information, you should use scanning for a specific word. If you
is exploring or reviewing a document should use skimming.

The understanding of the text read depends on: the reader's ability to
relate ideas, establish references, make inferences or deductions
logical, identify words that signal ideas, in addition to the perception of
elements that collaborate in understanding words, such as prefixes
it is suffixes and not simply, as many believe, knowledge
of vocabulary, that is, just knowledge of vocabulary is insufficient
to understand a text. As reading is a process, to read from
more active, faster, and thus more effective, seek:

• break the habit of reading word by word;

• use your prior knowledge on the subject;

• mastering the strategies that will strengthen this process;

• pay attention to the context in which the text is placed;

• strengthen the grammatical structures that support the formulation of the

presented ideas.

Predicting the content of a text

It is the first thing to do before starting to read the text. It is possible,

many times, anticipating or predicting the content of a text, through the
title, of a subtitle, chart or figure included. The title, when well
chosen, identifies the subject of the text.

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 113

 • Reading technique - Scanning (high reading skill)
speed

It is a skill that helps the reader obtain information from a text

without reading each word. It is a quick overview of the text like a
scanner does when it quickly reads the information contained in that
Scanning involves moving the eyes up and down the page,
looking for keywords, specific phrases, or ideas. When carrying out
by scanning, check whether the author made use of organizers in
text, such as: numbers, letters, steps or the words first, second,
next. Look for bold, italic words, font sizes
different colors. The scanning process is very useful for finding
specific information about, for example, a phone number in a
list, a word in a dictionary, a date of birth, or of
death in a biography, an address or the source for the answer
from a certain question of yours. After 'scanning' the document, you
you should use the skimming technique.

• Reading technique - Skimming

The skimming process allows the reader to quickly identify the idea.
main point or the general sense of the text. The use of skimming is frequent
when a person has a lot of material to read in a short time.
Generally, skimming reading is done at a speed of three
four times larger than normal reading. Unlike scanning,
skimming is broader; it requires knowledge of organization of
text, the perception of vocabulary tips, ability to infer ideas
and other more advanced reading skills.

There are many strategies that can be used when performing skimming.
Some people read the first and the last paragraph using titles,
summaries and other organizers as they read the page or the screen
do monitor. You can read the title, subtitle, headers, and illustrations.
Consider reading only the first sentence of each paragraph.
the technique is useful when you are looking for specific information
instead of reading to understand. Skimming works well to find
data, names, places, and to review figures and tables. Use skimming
to find the main idea of the text and see if an article can be of
interest in your research.

114 ENGLISH | Module 1

Many people consider scanning and skimming as techniques for
research on reading strategies. However, when it is necessary
reading a large volume of information, they are very practical, like
example during the search for a specific information, of tips,
or when reviewing information. Thus, scanning and skimming assist you in
definition of material that will be read or discarded.

Important tips for reading texts in a foreign language

Some relevant considerations can help you throughout these

classes. They will be constantly revisited through activities
and the evaluations, therefore, try to always train your reading in a way to
follow these guidelines.

Your knowledge of the world is essential in reading.

Activate your prior knowledge in the search for clues that the
help to understand any text. Only very specific texts,
scientists, technicians etc. can revolve around something about which
you have never heard of. And even these present some ideas
what you can, by forcing your memory, recognize from some reading or
previous experience.

Reading a text involves understanding its context.

semantic

It is very common for the vocabulary of a text to revolve around the field
semantic (or field of meaning) that is constituted from its
theme. Thus, a news story about road accidents, for example, will
always present words such as: ambulance, victims, injured, help,
hospital etc.

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 115

 A good understanding of the structure of the target language can also help in
understanding of the text. Knowing how a sentence is constructed in the language
target, what are the most common prefixes and suffixes and how are adjectives formed
And adverbs can be very helpful in understanding the text. It is not necessary
that you may be an expert in grammar, but knowing it a little is
important, therefore, let's get to work, seek a good grammar of the language
English that assists you in learning this subject.

Non-linguistic context can be a good key to understanding the text.

To grasp the structural details of the text that do not relate to

the text itself, but its context is also very important in
comprehension of reading. Thus, graphs, tables, numbers, diagrams
we can help you predict the content of a certain text.

The structure of the text itself also informs

The texts vary in structure depending on the medium in which they are published,
such as newspapers, scientific journals, widely circulated magazines, etc. Thus
as well as varying in paragraph division (longer, shorter,
interspersed with images or not) and all these elements can be
useful in your understanding of the text. Texts from some magazines, so much
so old and so popular they are, it is enough that we launch a simple
look and we are able to say if it is an interview or a news article,
whether it is from magazine x or from magazine y. The initial interview from Veja magazine, by

example, it has a specific format and color of page that leads us,
immediately recognizing her.

1. Identify, in the texts below, the items requested:

a) Take a quick look at the texts and see if you can predict
something about your content.

b) Try to identify some words that you consider the most

important for the understanding of each text.

116 ENGLISH | Module 1

c) Activate your prior knowledge, what do you know that can help.
to understand the texts?

d) What elements of the text structure can be useful in your

understanding (numbers, headlines, and illustrations)?

e) After following all the previous steps, reflect on the text.

observing him. Are you able to state the subject of each text?

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 117

 TEXTS AND ACTIVITIES

Text 1

Read the text following the steps below.

Precious primate

A new species of primate, the ka’apor capuchin (Cebus kaapori), has

been discovered in Maranhao state, in the far east of the Brazilian
Amazon basin.

The animal is similar to the weeping capuchin, which lives in the same
region, says Helder Queiroz, the biologist who discovered the monkey.
But differences in the cranial bones persuaded him that they are separate.
species. The ka’apor capuchin is a silvery-grey colour, while the weeping
The capuchin is brown. The ka’apor is about 50 centimeters tall with a 50.
centimetertail,andweighsaround3kilograms.

Much of the region where the capuchin lives is protected land.

but Queiroz says the government Indian agency, Funai, and the
environment agency, Ibama, do not have enough cash to protect the
reserves properly, and the number of capuchins seems to be declining.

(MACIEL,2008,p.7,takenfromtheInternet)

a) Take a quick look at the text and see if you can predict
something about your content.

________________________________________________________

b) What words do you consider the most important?

________________________________________________________

118 ENGLISH | Module 1

 Text 2

Read and answer the questions below.

How To Train a Puppy - It’s not all Fun and Games!

It shocks some new puppy owners when their puppy acts like, well a
puppy. The little critter is a pooping machine who chews barks, digs,
cries and much more! But we still love them anyway - we just need to
provide them with some direction and boundaries to follow. If you’re
anything like me you probably just want to get your puppy off to the
best possible start in life, and also set them up to thrive as adults
dogs. Bringing a young pup into our lives is a big responsibility and
commitment to fulfill. Our puppies have a long list of requirements
and deadlines that must be met for their wellbeing. Tasks like puppy
house training, crate training, puppy socialization, leash training
And basic obedience needs to be addressed right from the very start.
(HOW..., 2008, extracted from the Internet, author's emphasis).

a) Without the help of any translation means, only with your gaze
previously say in a few words, what the text is about.

b) Write the translation of the underlined words.

________________________________________________________

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 119

 Text 3

Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin was one of the famous stars in the history of cinema.
He was certainly the most famous comic actor of the cinema. His first
films were in the age of silent movies. He wrote and directed nearly all
of his films and composed the music of all his sound pictures.

Charles Spencer Chaplin was born in 1889 in London. His family was
poor and he had a hard childhood. In 1890 he left Britain for the USA,
In 1914 he made his first film. In his films he created the character of a
little man who always faced life with courage.

Chaplin was married four times, he had four kids. In 1952 he left the
USA with his family and lived in Switzerland until his death.
(CHARLIE..., 2011, extracted from the Internet).

Respond in English:

a) Who was Charlie Chaplin?

________________________________________________________

b) What kind of actor was he?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________
translatedText

120 ENGLISH | Module 1

Text 4

Buy a New Car

Linda wants to buy a new car. She has an old car. Her old car is white.
Honda. Linda wants to buy a new Honda. She wants to buy a new red.
Honda. She has saved $1,000. She will use $1,000 to help buy the new
car. She will give $1,000 to the Honda dealer. The Honda dealer will
give her a contract to sign. The contract will require her to pay $400
a month for seven years. Her new red Honda will cost Linda a lot of
money. But that’s okay, because Linda makes a lot of money.
(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 5

No Flu Shot for Her

She was a nurse. It was flu season. But she didn’t get a flu shot. All the
other nurses got a flu shot. All the doctors got a flu shot. But she didn’t
get a flu shot. Flu shots made her sick. She got a flu shot when she was
a little girl. The flu shot made her very sick. She spent a week in the
hospital. Then she came home. She spent three weeks in bed. She was
sick for about a month. After that, no more flu shots for her. She never
got a flu shot again. She never got the flu, either. 'I never get a flu shot,
but I never get the flu,” she told her friend.

(Extracted from [Link]

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 121

 Text 6

How Rude

Helen is unhappy with her mother. Her mother is unhappy with

Helen. They are both unhappy with each other. Helen has a boyfriend.
His name is Peter. Her mother doesn’t like Peter. Her mother said that
Peter is rude. Why did she say that? Because Peter didn’t take his hat off.
in the house. Helen’s mother says that is rude. A man should take his
Hat off in the house. 'Your father always took his hat off in the house,'
Helen's mother said. "But, Mom, times are different now," Helen said. "I
I promise you, Peter will take his hat off next time.” Helen’s mother said
it was too late—rude is rude.
(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 7

Mary

Mary is a nice woman. She is a nurse and works in a big hospital.

works at night on weekends. Mary has two young children and they
are very intelligent. Their names are “Jack” and “Julie”. Jack is nine
years old and Julie is eleven years old. Jack likes soccer and Julie
loves movies. Jack wants to be a soccer player and Julie wants to be
a movie star.

Mary likes to be with her children when she isn’t working - they play
board games together. Mary’s family is very happy, especially when
Jake, Mary’s husband, is at home with them. Jake usually travels a lot.
and visits different places - he is a truck driver.

(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

122 ENGLISH | Module 1

• Board games

Answer the questions

a) What does Mary do?

b) Where does she work?

c) Is Mary married or single?

d) How many children does she have?

Translate the sentences

a) Mary likes to be with her children when she isn’t working.

They play board games together.

c) He is a truck driver.

Jack wants to be a soccer player and Julie wants to be a movie star.

________________________________________________________

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 123

 Text 8

A Place to Eat

Jenna was at the airport. She was waiting for her plane. Her plane
would leave at 7 p.m. It was only 2 p.m. She had time to eat. She had
time to study. She went to the airport restaurant. The restaurant was
on the third floor. The restaurant was full. There were no empty seats.
There were no empty tables. She didn’t want to stand in line. She
didn't want to wait. There was another restaurant in the airport. It was
on the first floor. She went down to the first floor. That restaurant was
almost empty. There were many seats and many tables.

(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 9

Do You Want It or Not?

She offered her car to her brother. He said he would think about it.
Let me think about it," he said. She called him up a week later. "Do
you want my car for free?" she asked. He said, "I’m thinking about
it." She asked, "How long do you have to think about it?" He said he
didn’t know. “Let me think about it some more,” he said. She called
up a charity. She said, “Do you want my car for free?” The man at the
Charity said yes. She asked, 'You don’t have to think about it?' He said,
No, I don’t have to think about it. Who has to think about a free car?
He picked up her car the next day.

(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

124 ENGLISH | Module 1

Text 10

A Patient Mom

May called her mom. Her mom lived in China. China was far away.
Mom was 50 years old. Her mom had many friends. But she missed her.
Daughter. May lived in America. She was a waitress. She was a waitress.
in a restaurant. It was a Chinese restaurant. “Guess what, Mama?” May
asked. "I met a nice man." Her mom said she was happy. "Will you marry
him?” she asked. She wanted May to marry. She wanted a grandson.
She wanted a granddaughter. She wanted May to bring her children.
back to China. “Be patient,” May said. “I only met him last month. But
He's very nice.” Her mom said, “Okay, I will be patient. But hurry up!

(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 11

Where’s My Money?

Jack was angry. Joe owed him money. Joe owed him $100. Joe had
He borrowed $100 a month ago. He had borrowed the money 30 days ago.
He said he would pay Jack back the next week. He said that he would
pay Jack back in seven days. But he didn’t pay Jack back in seven days.
He didn’t pay Jack back in 14 days, or 21 days, or 28 days. After 30 days,
Jack was very angry. He called up Joe. 'You owe me $100. You borrowed
$100 from me 30 days ago. Where is my money? I want my money now.
Jack said. Joe said, 'Oh, I’m so sorry. You’re right. I borrowed $100 from
you. I owe you $100. Can I pay you back next week?

(Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 125

 Text 12

Soccer

Soccer is a fun game. It is very popular. It is popular all over the world.
It is fun to watch. It is fun to play. It is a simple game. There are two
teams. They play on a big grassy field. There is one ball. There are two
goals with nets. Each team tries to kick the ball into the other team’s goal.
net. The players cannot use their hands. They cannot touch the ball
with their hands. They use their feet to move the ball. They use their
chests to move the ball. They use their heads to move the ball. The
players run back and forth. They slide on the grass. They crash into
one another. They play to win.

Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 13

He loves hot dogs

He was driving home. He couldn’t wait to get home. He was hungry.

He hadn't eaten in eight hours. Eight hours ago he had eaten two.
hot dogs. The hot dogs were delicious. He had put lots of mustard,
onions and relish on the hot dogs. They were so delicious. He got
home. He walked upstairs. He walked into his apartment. He opened
his refrigerator. He took a package out of the refrigerator. It was a
package of hot dogs. He took two hot dogs out of the package. He
put them into the microwave. He took mustard, onions, and relish out
of his refrigerator. He grabbed two hot dog buns. He was ready to eat
two more delicious hot dogs!

(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

126 ENGLISH | Module 1

Text 14

Let's Go Fishing

They walked onto the dock. They got into the boat. They had all
their fishing gear. They were going fishing. They loved to go fishing.
Sometimes they caught a lot of fish. Sometimes they caught a couple.
of fish. Sometimes they caught no fish. But fishing was fun even if they
no fish caught. The boat left the dock. The boat stopped in the middle
of the lake. Everyone put worms on their hooks. Some people put live
worms on their hooks. Some people put dead worms on their hooks.
Some people put rubber worms on their hooks. Everyone dropped
their hooks into the water. Then they waited. They waited for the fish
to bite the worms.

Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 15

A Brush with God?

He dropped his toothbrush. It fell on the floor. He picked up his

toothbrush. He rinsed it off. He brushed his teeth. He rinsed his mouth.
He walked out of the bathroom. He sat on his bed. He felt something. It
was under the sheet. He took the sheet off the bed. Something was in
his mattress. It was a brand new mattress. He had bought it yesterday.
What is in the mattress, he wondered. He went to the kitchen. He took
a knife from the kitchen drawer. He cut open the mattress. What could
it be, he wondered. It was small. It was black. It was a book. It was the
New Testament. Is God trying to tell me something, he wondered.

(Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 127

 Text 16

Eat Like a Wolf

She was a fast eater. She liked to eat fast. She ate like a wolf. 'I am like
a wolf," she said. He was a slow eater. He liked to eat slow. He ate like a
turtle. "You are like a turtle," she said. She didn’t talk at the dinner table.
All she did was eat. He liked to talk at the dinner table. He talked about
the news. He talked about the weather. He talked about sports. She
listened to him talk. She nodded her head. That meant yes. She shook
her head. That meant no. He talked. She listened. She never said yes.
She never said no. She never said anything. All she did was eat.

(Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 17

Let Me Drive

Davy was 10. His dad was driving the car. The radio was on. His dad
I was listening to the radio. The man on the radio was talking about an
accident. The accident was on the freeway. Two people were dead.
The accident had just happened 30 minutes ago. His dad told him
that life can be short. Accidents happen everywhere. They happen to
everyone. "You must always be careful, Davy," his dad said. "Never be
in a hurry. Always pay attention to other drivers.” Davy said he would
be a careful driver. He would never be in a hurry. He would always pay
attention. "Can I drive the car now?" he asked his dad.

(Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

128 ENGLISH | Module 1

Text 18

A Beautiful Jacket

He loved his new jacket. It was his favorite jacket. He loved the color.
It was tan. He loved the weight. It was medium weight. It was not too
light. It was not too heavy. He loved the fit. It fit him well. He put the
jacket on. He looked at the jacket in the mirror. It looked good. What
a good-looking jacket, he thought. He went to the doctor’s office. The
The office was warm. He took his jacket off. He put it on the chair next to.
him. A nurse called his name. He stood up. He went to the examination
room. He forgot that his jacket was on the chair. But it wasn’t on the
chair for long. Another patient took it home.

(Jackson Roger - Jan 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Text 19

Red Spots

He looked in the mirror. What were all those red spots on his face?
Every morning he had fresh red spots on his face. Were they insect?
bites? Were insects biting him at night? What were those red spots?
They would usually disappear in a few hours. Then his face would look
normal. It would look like a normal face. It would have no red spots.
But every morning, he had an ugly face. All those red spots! What was
happening at night? Was it his pillow? Was something in his pillow?
Was something in his pillow making the red spots? He would buy a
new pillow. Maybe his pillow was the problem.

(Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 129

 Text 20

Eat a Peanut

Sandra picked up the bag of peanuts. It was a bag of roasted peanuts.

She opened the bag. She poured out some roasted peanuts onto the
There were about eight peanuts on the table. The peanuts were
still in their shells. Each peanut was in its shell. Sandra picked up a
peanut. She held it in her hands. She put her thumbs on the peanut.
She broke the shell open with her thumbs. Sandra opened the shell.
Inside the shell were two little red peanuts. Each peanut had red skin on.
It. Thin red skin covered both little peanuts. She took a little red peanut.
out of the shell. Sandra ate the little peanut with the red skin on it.

(Jackson Roger - January 8, 2014 extracted from [Link]

CONCLUSION

In this course, you learned fundamental expressions for the

communication in the English language, learn the main grammatical rules
for pronouns, verbs, adjectives, nouns, among others and, also
expanded your vocabulary of the new language.

We now expect you to:

• Learn to establish introductory dialogues and form sentences in

English;

• Have the ability to interpret basic English texts;

• Be ready to differentiate the basic grammatical classes of

words in English

• Utilize all the knowledge gained in the course to expand your

opportunities and knowledge;

• To conclude, we have prepared a special message for you about

the importance of learning English.

130 ENGLISH | Module 1

• In the contemporary world, the importance of speaking is increasingly greater.

English for people who seek better life opportunities.

English is considered a universal language, being present in
practically every place in the world, which means to say that
supposedly all people should learn it as a second language
language, which would enable universal communication among everyone in
any means. Close to 1.5 billion people in the world already have
some knowledge of the English language and/or is in the situation
to deal with it in your day-to-day. About 375 million speak English
as a first language and 750 million use it as a second language.
Thus, it is interesting to note that the number of people who use
English as a second language is much larger than the number
of native speakers of this language. With knowledge of the language
It is possible to seek the information we need and who
refuses to acquire a minimum knowledge of this language runs the
risk of missing the train of history. Therefore, congratulations to you who
is preparing for the world we live in.

• We wish you success!

Review 3! | LESSON FIFTEEN 131