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51 views3 pagesPhysics Exercises on Thermal Expansion
1. The document presents 20 exercises on thermal expansion of solids and liquids.
2. The exercises calculate variations in length, area, and volume of different materials when heated or cooled, using the provided expansion coefficients.
3. The questions address concepts such as linear, superficial, and volumetric expansion applied to materials such as copper, aluminum, gold, glass, and different liquids.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
51 views3 pagesPhysics Exercises on Thermal Expansion
1. The document presents 20 exercises on thermal expansion of solids and liquids.
2. The exercises calculate variations in length, area, and volume of different materials when heated or cooled, using the provided expansion coefficients.
3. The questions address concepts such as linear, superficial, and volumetric expansion applied to materials such as copper, aluminum, gold, glass, and different liquids.
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsCopyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Physics Exercise List
Expansion of Solids and Liquids
Professor Jorge Dantas Junior
1) A copper bar, homogeneous and uniform, measures 20 m at 0 °C. Calculate the variation.
of the length of this bar, in millimeters, when heated to 50 °C.
Given: linear expansion coefficient of copper = 1.6 · 10–5°C–1.
2) An aluminum ruler has a length of 200.0 cm at 20 °C. What is the value, in
centimeters, of its length at 60 °C?
Given: linear expansion coefficient of aluminum = 2.5 · 10–5K–1
A metal bar with an average linear expansion coefficient of 2 · 10–5°C–1at 20 °C is
placed inside an oven. After the bar has reached thermal equilibrium,
it is verified that its length is 1% greater. What is the temperature of the oven?
4)(UEPA –mod.) The train tracks, usually 20 m long
lengths are placed in such a way as to maintain between two
consecutive ends a small gap called joint of
expansion. This prevents them from being squeezed, suffering
deformations due to the action of heat on hot days.
Consider that a temperature variation from night to (mid) day can reach
at (approximately) 25 °C, causing them to expand by about 5 mm. In this case, what is the
what is the value of the linear expansion coefficient of the material the rail is made of?
At a temperature of 15 °C, we find a copper plate with surface area
100.0 cm2What area will this surface have if the sheet is heated to 515 °C?
Given: surface expansion coefficient of copper = 3.2 · 10–5°C–1.
6) A coin, made of pure nickel, is at room temperature of 20 °C. Upon
when taken to an oven, it undergoes an increase of 1% in the area of its surface. What
the oven temperature?
Given: linear expansion coefficient of nickel = 12.5 · 10–6°C–1.
A gold statuette was heated from 25 °C to 75 °C, observing an increase of
2.1 cm3in its volume. Being 14 · 10–6°C–1the linear expansion coefficient of
Gold, what was the initial volume of this statuette?
An aluminum pot has a capacity of 1,000 cm at 0 °C3(1 L). It is
we will take the pan with water to the fire until the water boils under pressure
normal, what will be the new capacity of the pot?
Data: linear expansion coefficient of aluminum = 24 · 10–6°C–1;
cubic expansion coefficient of water = 1.3 · 10–4°C–1.
9) The linear expansion coefficient of aluminum is 2.2 · 10–5°C–1An aluminum cube
A volume of 5 L is heated from 40 °F to 76 °F. What is the approximate change in
volume of the cube?
A glass jar contains, when full, 50 cm3of mercury, to
temperature of 50 °C. Considering the linear expansion coefficient of glass equal to
8.0 × 10–6°C–1and the volumetric expansion coefficient of mercury is equal to 1.8 × 10–4°C–1,
determine, in 10–2cm3the amount of mercury that will overflow from the container if
the temperature rises to 100 °C.
The difference between the lengths of two metal bars is maintained.
constant, at 80.0 cm, in a temperature range where the approximation holds
linear to expansion. The coefficients of linear expansion associated with the bars are
3.0 × 10–5°C–12.0 · 10–5°C–1Thus, we can say that, at the initial temperature, the
medium bars
a) 2.4 m and 1.6 m. d) 4.0 m and 3.2 m.
b) 2.5 m and 1.7 m. 4.4 m and 3.6 m.
c) 3.2 m and 2.4 m.
12) On a gold plate, there is a small hole, which at 30 °C has a surface area
–3 2
5 times 10 cm At what temperature should we take this plate so that the area of the hole
increase the equivalent of 6 · 10–5cm2?
Given: linear expansion coefficient of gold = 15 · 10–6°C–1
13) In a brass plate, at 0 °C, a circular hole of 20.0 cm in diameter was made.
Determine the increase in area that the hole experiences when the temperature of the sheet is
raised to 250 °C. Given: linear expansion coefficient of brass = 2 · 10–5°C–1
A glass flask, calibrated in cm3 at 0 °C, contains mercury up to the mark of 100.0.
cm3, when still at 0 °C. When heating the set to 120 °C, the mercury level
reaches a mark of 101.8 cm3Determine the linear expansion coefficient of glass.
–5 –1
Given: coefficient of thermal expansion of mercury: γHg= 18 · 10 °C
15) In a porcelain container, correctly graduated in cubic centimeters to
30°C, oil is poured at 30 °C up to the 500 cm mark3Then it rises to
temperature of the set at 70 °C.
Data: cubic expansion coefficient of oil = 9.1 · 10–4°C–1;
linear expansion coefficient of porcelain = 3.3 · 10–6°C–1.
Determine:
a) the coefficient of apparent expansion of petroleum, when measured in the porcelain jar;
b) the mark reached by the oil in the bottle after heating;
c) the real expansion undergone by oil.
16)(Unisa-SP) A glass container of 150 cm 3it is completely full of a
liquid at 20 °C. Heating the set to 120 °C, it overflows by 5 cm.3of the liquid.
What is the apparent volumetric expansion coefficient of this liquid?
In an experiment, to determine the coefficient of linear expansion
of glass, we took a glass bottle with a volume of 1,000 cm3 and filled it
totally with mercury (volumetric expansion coefficient = 1.8 · 10–4°C–1).
After raising the temperature of the set to 100 °C, we observed that 3.0 cm3 of
mercury overflows. Thus, we can affirm that the coefficient of
the linear expansion of the glass that makes up this jar is:
5.0 · 10–5°C–1. 3.0 · 10–5°C–1. 1.0 × 10–5degrees Celsius–1.
–5 –1 –5 –1
b) 4.0 · 10 °C . d) 2.0 · 10 °C .
18)(Fuvest-SP) A special thermometer, with liquid inside a
glass container, consists of a bulb of 1 cm3it's a tube with
cross section of 1 mm2At a temperature of 20 °C, the liquid
fill the bulb completely to the base of the tube. At a temperature of
50 °C, the liquid fills the tube to a height of 12 mm. Consider
despicable the effects of the expansion of glass and the pressure of the gas
above the liquid column. We can affirm that the coefficient of
The average volumetric expansion of the liquid is:
3 times 10–4°C–1. 20 · 10–4°C–1.
b) 4 · 10–4°C–1. 36 · 10–4Celsius–1.
c) 12 · 10–4°C–1.
19) A merchant bought 10,000 liters of alcohol on a day when the temperature was
12 °C. To obtain an extra profit of 2%, he decided to wait for a day when the
temperature for bottling. Knowing that the coefficient of expansion
the volumetric alcohol is 1 · 10–3°C–1determine this temperature θ.
20) (UFPA) A glass container is completely filled with a liquid at 0
°C. When the set is heated to 80 °C, the volume of the liquid that overflows
corresponds to 4% of the volume that the liquid had at 0 °C. Knowing that the
the coefficient of volumetric expansion of glass is 27 · 10–6°C–1determine o
real coefficient of expansion of the liquid.
ANSWER KEY:
16 mm
200.2 cm
520 °C
4) 1.0 · 10–5°C–1
101.6 cm2
420 °C
7) 1.0 · 103cm3
8) 1,007.2 (cm)3)
9) 6.6 · 10–3L
10) 39 · 10–2cm3
11) a
430 °C
ΔA = 3.14 cm2
14)aglass= 1 · 10–5°C–1
15) a) 9.0 · 10–4°C–1b) 518 cm318.2 cm3
3.3 · 10–4°C–1
17) a
18) b
32 °C
20) 527 · 10–6°C–1