ASSAULT RIFLE M16 - M16A1 - M16A2 - M14

Generalities

The M-16A1/2 rifle in 5.56 caliber is a semi-automatic weapon, cooled

by air, powered by a charger and operated by gas, it is a weapon of
shoulder. It has a maximum range of 3,534 meters and an effective range
maximum of 550 meters and 80 meters of area.

TACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS RIFLE M16

Assault Rifle Caliber 5.56 mm, M16

Adoption Date February 8, 1964

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Length 986mm (38.80")
Empty weight 2.89kg (6.35 lbs.)
Caliber 5.56mm M193
Projectile speed 975 mps (3200 FPS)

TACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS RIFLE M16A1

Assault Rifle Caliber 5.56mm, M16A1

Date of Adoption February 28, 1967
Length 986mm (38.80")
Empty weight 2.89 kg (6.35 lbs.)
Caliber 5.56mm M193
Projectile speed 975mps (3200FPS)

TACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS RIFLE M16A2

Assault Rifle Caliber 5.56mm, M16A2

Adoption Date November 20, 1983
Length 1000mm (39.37")
Weight 3.77kg (8.30 lbs.)
Caliber 5.56mm NATO M855
Projectile speed 945mps (3100FPS)

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TACTICAL CHARACTERISTICS M-4 RIFLE

Carbine, Caliber 5.56mm, M4

Adoption Date August 15, 1994
Length (ext.) 861mm (33.88")
Length(col.) 780mm (30.69")
Weight 3.32 kg (7.30 lbs.)
Caliber 5.56mm NATO M855
Projectile speed 884mps (2900FPS)

SETS AND PARTS

The rifle is equipped with a flash suppressor.

The barrel is surrounded by two fiberglass handguards with coating.

made of aluminum with notches for air to circulate around the barrel. And
serve others to protect the gas cylinder.

It is equipped with a hard pad on the butt of the box to reduce

partially the effects of the setback.

It has an auxiliary closing lever on the lower right side of the box.
superior of the mechanism, which allows the bolt to close when the
the drive spring force does not do it.

OBSERVATION

Only the M16A1, the M16 lacks this device.

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 The machine gunner is assigned a clamp-type bipod.
the bipod is fixed to the barrel directly beneath the front sight, between the
bayonet lug and the rifle sling ring.

f. The handguard easily adapts to winter operations.

press the retention or spring pin with the tip of a cartridge and it
pull down the trigger guard along the grip of the gun,
facilitating access to the trigger while wearing gloves for use in the
Arctic.

The exhaust duct cover is provided to prevent the

Entry of dirt and sand into the skylight. The cover must be closed.
when the weapon is not intended to be used. It will open through the
forward or backward movement of the closure holder.

A compartment for storing the equipment is provided in the box.

cleaning.

OBSERVATION.

The oldest manufactured rifles lack this compartment.

GENERAL DISARMAMENT.

Clear the weapon

Put the fire selector lever on safe.

Remove the charger

Secure the latch back.

Visually inspect the hallway and the bedroom for

ammunition and/or obstruction.

Press the upper half of the latch to release the assembly of the
bolt.

Remove the rifle holder if it is installed.

Remove the handguards.

Push the pin of the armor at the bottom towards the

right until you reach and the pivot of the receiver of the
lower part of the hallway.

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 Push the front pin to the right and separate the part
upper and lower of the hallway.

DISARMING THE LOCK

a. push back and remove the mounting lever and the assembly of
bolt.

b. Remove the retaining pin from the striker.

c. Push the bolt into the locked position.

d. Remove the striking needle.

e. Remove the lever pin from the bolt by turning it ¼ turn and lifting it.

f. Remove the lock set from the latch and the set of keys.

g. Remove the extractor pin.

h. Remove the extractor and the inserted spring.

i. Press the shock absorber retaining pin to release the assembly from
shock absorber and the spring.

j. Remove the spring and the shock absorber, separate them.

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OBSERVATION

Take safety measures such as wearing glasses at the moment of

disassemble the spring parts.

SET OF THE MOUNTING LEVER

a. Using a bronze hammer and a 1/6 inch punch, remove the pin
spring keeper of the mounting lever and leave the punch inserted.

b. Apply pressure on the mounting lever, washer and remove the punch.

Upper part of the entrance hall and the set of the barrel.

a. Remove the front sight using a manufacturing tool.

Remove the guarantor and spring.

LONGITUDES IN CENTIMETERS
Centimeters

Rifle with bayonet - blade 112.40

Total length of the rifle with flash suppressor 99.06
Cannon with flame cover 53.34
Cannon without flash suppressor 41.80

LOOK WITH SIGHTINGS

a. Sight Point.

Adjustable amount type of 'ratchet'. Every time you hear the 'sound of the
"trinquete" is equal to 2.8 centimeters for every 100 meters in range.

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 b. Rise

Type of spring, adjustable. The normal graduation in range is from 0 to 300.

meters; long-range graduation, 300 to 460 meters. Each notch
the correction drum-wind is equal to 2.8 centimeters for every 100
range meters. In a regulated weapon for shooting with sight alignment
a 250 meter drop, it should be adjusted to the long-range opening;
then it graduates at zero so that it hits the target ranging from 290 to 375
subways.

AMMUNITION.

Caliber 5.56 mm M193 (full metal jacket). 179 grams

Projectile 75 grams

Types ball, tracer

fire, exercise
Recommended minimum basic load
(30 round magazine) 210 Shots

OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

The initial velocity in meters per second

(feet per second) 990.85 meters per
second M/SEC

Initial power (in the mouth) 1,300 pounds per foot

Cyclic firing cadence 700 to 800 meters

per minute

Maximum effective rate of fire:

Semiautomatic 45 to 65 shots per
minute.
Semiautomatic 150 to 200 shots per
minute
Sustained rate of fire 12 to 15 shots per
minute.
Maximum range 2653 meters

Maximum effective range 460 meters

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TERMINOLOGY

Cyclic Firing Cadence

The cadence at which a weapon fires automatically.

Sustained Rate of Fire

The existing firing cadence that a weapon can endure for an indefinite period
for a long time without getting too hot.

MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RATE OF FIRE

The firing cadence that can be maintained is dangerous for the shooter or
for the weapon.

MAXIMUM RANGE

The maximum rate at which a weapon can fire

MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE RANGE

The maximum distance at which a weapon can be expected to fire accurately

to inflict casualties or cause damage.

INSPECTION, REPAIR OF THE TOP PART AND THE ASSEMBLY

OF THE BARREL.

mounting lever

Inspect it for operability, replace it if it is broken or cracked.

mutilated.

b. Handguard set.

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 Inspect it for breaks, separation, and cracks. Cracks up to 1
inches are acceptable, but should not extend to the handguard.

c. Set of the rear sight

Inspect it for scratches, breaks, bends, and cracks.

d. Area of the rear sight

Inspect for evidence of gas leakage around the gas pipe.

e. Barrel

Inspect it for holes in the core, fractures, wear, cracks and

surface defects. The grooves should not be more than 3/8 wide.
inch long.

The camera: Inspect for holes, 3/8 inch holes.

long cause rejection in the weapon.

Compensator (flame breaker): check it for looseness in the

barrel. The third or half notch has to be directly
straight or over the top of the dead point.

NUTRITION.

As the carrier group moves back, it hooks the set.

of the shock absorber and compresses the drive spring within the extension
of the lower drawer of the mechanisms. At the moment when the group of
the latch clears the top of the magazine, the magazine spring
expand and strengthen the impeller and the new forward trajectory throw of the
bolt. The driving spring, when expanded, sends the assembly of
shock absorber and the door frame group, forwards with enough force to
extract a new round from the magazine.

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 RECOMMISSIONING.

The bolt set continues forward by the action of the spring, the bolt forces
the bullet in the chamber.

The extractor's claws hit the cartridge ring, and the ejector and the spring are
tablets.

LOCKING.

The latch is kept in a more forward position by the latch lever,

leading by the canal guide to the top of the reception area. Just right
before the locking block teeth make contact with the extension of
barrel, the locking pin lever broken through the guide channel. The pressure exerted by the
contact of the locking teeth of the bolt with the barrel extension
so that the pin of the bolt moves along the cam path
(locate in the set of the lock) in a direction opposite to the hands of the clock
clock, rotating the block teeth of the lock in line with the back part of the
barrel extension. The rifle is ready to fire.

SHOT

When the selector lever is in the 'AUTO' position, the rifle will continue
firing while the trigger is held back and there is ammunition in the
magazine. The operation of certain parts of the weapon changes when the shot
it's automatic.

The rifle can operate automatically or semi-automatically via a lever.

selector. When the selection is made, certain differences occur in the
operation.

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The operation of the rifle during the operating cycle stops when it
let go of the trigger or the firing mechanism, or when the magazine is empty. In this last case
certain actions are initiated within the gun indicating to the shooter that they have to
change the charger.

a. Once the last shot of a magazine has been loaded into the
chamber, the charger driver is taken to the top of the
magazine and makes contact with the bolt catch. When retracting the group of the
lock case, the bolt's retainer is forced in the path of the face of the
bolt by the action of the magazine spring. This keeps the group of
lock cover backwards.

b. The removal of the magazine does not release the group from the carrier given that the
the drive spring force firmly locks the bolt face
against the latch of the bolt. To release the closure holder group, the shooter
You must pull back on the loading handle and then release it.

Warning

If a new charger has been introduced, and the carrier group is moving
Forward, the weapon is loaded and ready to fire.

To prevent a multiple shot. Therefore, it is necessary to install a

mechanism in the weapon that allows the shooter to fire one shot at a time. In the
The M16A1 is fixed to the trigger, and its spring makes it rotate forward.
When the hammer is cocked by the recoil movement of the breech block, the
Release the lower hook of the hammer and hold it until it comes loose.
the trigger or activator. When the trigger is released, the disengagement turns backwards and
downward, disconnecting the hammer and allowing it to rotate forward
until it is grabbed by the tip of the trigger. This prevents the hammer from continuing to
pull the lock forward and it makes it shoot automatically, it must be pulled from the
trigger again before the next shot is fired.

Semi-Automatic Shot

When there is a round in the chamber, the hammer is cocked and the selector is in the
Graduation 'SEMI', the shooter will pull the trigger. The trigger will pivot on its pin.
pressing its tip and disengaging the notch that is located at the part
inferior of it. The hammer is propelled forward by the action of the spring. The
the hammer strikes the firing pin, driving the pin through the bolt
inside the primer of the cartridge. When the firing pin strikes the primer, it ignites and makes
that the gunpowder in the cartridge ignites. The gas generated by the
Rapid gunpowder inflammation forces the projectile out of the cartridge and propels it.
through the canyon. After the projectile has passed the gas vent
(located on the surface of the canyon at the bottom of the sight point and before
Let the cannon go, a part of the gas enters the vent and flows through the cylinder.

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of gases. The gas cylinder carries the gas to the wedge of the holder and
subsequently towards the cylinder between the hill and the door frame, making it that the
the door lock moves back.

As the rifleman pulls the trigger, the operating cycle begins. When the group
the closure port moves backward, the hammer is armed, but the central cam
Press the back part of the disengagement and prevent the tip of the latter
I grabbed the bottom hook of the hammer.

The bottom part of the automatic sear grips the upper hook of the hammer and it
holds until the carrier group's moving forward, which hits
the top part of the trigger, releases the hammer and makes the mechanism fire
automatically.

If the trigger is pulled, the hammer moves forward and grabs the tip of the
trigger. This ends the automatic firing cycle until it returns to
pull the trigger.

All the other stages of the operating cycle are the same as the cycle.
semi-automatic.

DELOCKING

The bolt assembly moves backward and the locking pin of the bolt follows the
path to the lever, located in the lock assembly.

The cam pin and the bolt assembly rotate together in the direction of the
clock hands until the security teeth of the lock are not
aligned behind the safety teeth of the barrel extension.

EXTRACTOR

The lock set continues to move backwards.

The extractor (which is alongside the locking mechanism) that grabs the cartridge of the projectile,
holding it firmly against the face of the latch, and removes the capsule of
camera projectile.

EXTRACTION

While the group of the carrier continues to move backwards, the

the extractor (which is attached to the bolt) grabs the edge of the casing, holds it
firmly against the face of the lock and removes the shell from the chamber.

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 EXPULSION

The base of the projectile capsule is held firmly against the face.
of the bolt. The ejector and the ejector spring are compressed within the body
of the bolt. The previous movement of the bolt group assembly allows that the
the projectile capsule is cleared by the ejector door. The cartridge is
forced outward by the action of the ejector and the spring.

DOWELING OR ASSEMBLY.

The backward movement of the bolt carrier passes over the hammer, forcing it.
downward inside the drawer of mechanisms, compressing its spring. The
the action of the rifle is much faster than human reaction and therefore it is
makes it impossible for the shooter to pull the trigger quickly enough.

FAILURES AND/OR MALFUNCTIONING OF THE M16A1 RIFLE

a. Shooting failure

Broken hammer
Weak or broken hammer spring
Broken firing pin.
Selector lever fixed in the SAFE position.

b. Disengagement failure

The misshapen teeth in the lock assembly.

The teeth on the length of the barrel.

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 Short retracement

c. Extraction failure

Camera poorly bitten

Defective or missing extractor.
The extractor spring is missing or defective.

d. Expulsion failure.

Short retracement.
Defect or loss of the expeller.
Defective or missing ejector spring.

e. Failure to mount.

Trigger or spring worn out or broken

Defective hammer
Defective connector or spring.
Defective automatic bail

f. Failure to feed the weapon.

Short setback
Defective charger.
Defective action spring

g. Camera failure.

Short pullback
Defective action spring

h. Failure to assure

Given in the keys of the lock.

Defective action spring.
Loose screws in the lock key.
Doubles of the gas tube
Short setback

Short setback.

Broken or bent gas tube.

Missing pin from the gas pipe.
Defective or missing latch ring
Bolt rings are not tempered.

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If the bolt fails to lock with the safety on the last shot.

Handle of the broken lock.

Weak spring of the bolt handle.
Restricted movement of the bolt.

k. The rifle cannot be serialized.

Defect in the barrel assembly.

-Set of the barrel misaligned with the front sight and the
rear receiver.

1. Failure in the cycle with the automatic fire selector.

spring or the broken guarantor.

Faulty selector lever
Broken clutch cam spring.
Clutch spring installed backwards.
The clutch spring lever fails the clutch and the
holes fail when rotated backward with the hammer.
Short setback.

m. Shot when the fire selector lever is SAFE or when

the trigger is released with the selector lever in SEMI.

Trigger nose of the worn or broken hammer.

Worn hammer trigger notch, the washer of
trigger.
Defective selector.

n. Fired shots in semi-automatic

Wear on the hammer

Wear in the holes of the hammer pin.

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 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE

CARE AND CLEANING.

MAINTENANCE.

Generalities

A clean rifle, properly lubricated and well maintained, loaded with ammunition
new shooting when needed. In order to maintain the M16A1 rifle and its
ammunition in good condition, they should be provided with care and
clean periodically. It is very possible that over time it will increase
certain key parts of the rifle and ammunition need more attention and cleaning
daily as often as possible. To be sure of the maintenance
When handling the M16A1 rifle, it is imperative that certain procedures be followed.

CLEANING AND LUBRICATION.

Refer to the cleaning and lubrication chart of the M16A1 rifle.

DEFINITION OF THE TERMINOLOGY FOR THE APPLICATION 'LSA'. OIL.

The definitions of the terminology used for the quantity of oil 'LSA'
As specified in Table 2-1, it is offered below.

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 a drop.

Submerge the end of the mounting section in the lubricant and leave it.
a drop of lubricant falls.

b. Light jacket.

My cloth with enough lubricant to moisten it, but without

this became soaked. Upon application, the piece will have a film of
fine lubricant, almost invisible.

c. Thick layer.

Wet a cloth with lubricant until it becomes saturated and can be wrung out.
oil from it. When the oil is applied, the piece will have a thick film, the
What can be spread with the finger.

d. Maintenance.

The maintenance kit can be stored in the M16A1 rifle box.

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE.

Generalities

Preventive maintenance is the systematic care, inspection, and service of

equipment to keep it in working condition in order to prevent damage and
to ensure their maximum operational readiness. The role of the operator in execution
of the preventive maintenance service is:

17
 Carry out preventive maintenance all the time when
It is in operation the rifle.

Assist the armorer of the organic unit in providing any

authorized periodic service that has been scheduled.

SPECIFIC PROCEDURES.

a. The charts provide the specific procedures that must be carried out by the
operator.

b. In addition to the procedures indicated in the tables, execute the

next: remove the dirt, rust, sand, thick oil, and water,
since these contribute to the rapid deterioration of the internal mechanism and surfaces
externals.

Be particularly interested in keeping all surfaces clean and

lubricated. Do not clean or polish the external surfaces of the weapon with a cloth.
traced with chemical products or other commercial compounds.

c. Tighten loose parts and replace broken or worn parts, as needed.

is authorized.

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19
 CHECKING TABLES AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SERVICES

NUMBER OF OPERATOR ARTICLE THAT MUST BE PROCEDURE

ARTICLE INSPECT
“B” “D” “A”
1 X ... ... Rifle Clean the oil passage of the bore.
and bedroom.
2 x ... ... Rifle Lock the bolt to make sure of it.
that there is free movement between the
lock casing and the gas cylinder.
3 x ... ... Rifle Assemble and test to see the lock holder
and the gas cylinder.
4. x ... ... Rifle Check the charger to be
sure to retire and works well
the bolt.
5. A Rifle Clean and lubricate the rifle. Make sure.
to clean the door stopper wedge.
6. x Clean y lubricate the bipod.
Inspect the legs of the biped.
Make sure they move.
freely when they are closed.
Just as it opens under tension of the
resort, and that the tension is what
strong enough to hold the
bipod to the rifle.

B
It will be performed weekly, unless the rifle is fired daily, in which case maintenance must be performed.
diary.

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ARTICLE AFTER ACCORDINGTO IT LEVEL OF ACTION REQUIRED
DE REQUIRES MAINTENANCE
SHOOT
NOTE: The lubricants listed below and specified
In the box are the ones that will be used. Do not use any commercial product for
cleaning and lubrication rifles. Use semi-fluid lubricating oil Ilsa for
temperatures below 35° and above. Use firearm lubricating oil for
temperatures below zero degrees.

NOTE: Either of the two lubricants indicated can be used.

temperatures that fluctuate from zero to minus 35°.
RIFLE C Before the Operation.
1. before the shot, visually inspect the barrel and the chamber to see their
conditions and looking for obstructions. Clean them by rubbing the specks through
from the chamber to the barrel until they come out through the
laminate covers.
WARNING: When inserting the stick into the barrel, hold it.
C at the joints to prevent bending or damage.
2. After cleaning the barrel and the chamber, apply a light layer of oil to them.
C "LSA/LAW" with a grinder to cut the rust and pitting.
3. The group from the lock mechanism can be removed and cleaned, and the striker can be oiled.
external and internal surfaces of the bolt and the lock holder, with cloths or rags
clean and dry. Also clean the firing pin hole using a pipe cleaner.
Lubricate the bolt and its rings. Make sure these rings are secure.
lubricated. Apply a layer of "LSA/LAW" oil to the internal surfaces of
lock bracket. Pay special attention to the sliding area and the bolt
lever.
WARNING: Most cleaning solutions are toxic and
inhaling their vapors for prolonged periods can be fatal. These
Materials should be used with caution and in well-ventilated areas.
NOTICE: Just because the rifle is protected by a cover, it should not be given.
the normal maintenance for its cleaning and lubrication.
SET X X C Disassemble the tube, the spring, and the loader impeller and clean the dirt from them.
DEL Apply a light layer of lubricant to the spring.
CHARGER NOTE: Due to moisture building up in the plastic bag of the
charger, due to condensation, the charger must be dried, discharged and
dry every 24 hours, to prevent corrosion. After the cartridges and

21
 if the chargers are dry, apply a light layer of "LSA/LAW" oil to the
charger spring.
GROUP OF X C 1. Dismantle the holding group and clean all its components and surfaces.
DOOR externals with a patch soaked in rifle bore cleaner.
CLOSURE X C 2. Clean the wedge of the door holder with the core brush soaked in the cleaner.
of rifle stock (figure 2-36).
C C 3. Dry the wedge of the door handle using pipe cleaners (figure 2-37)
X C 4. Using a small brush soaked in the cleaner, remove the cardboard.
and the dirt deposited on the closure lugs of the bolt.
WARNING: Brush the external surface of the lock, paying particular attention
to the area behind the lock rings and below the lip of the extractor.
Do not try to remove the discoloration caused by heat.
X X C 5. Take the extractor out of the lock. Using a small brush soaked in the
cleaner of the soul of the rifle, shake the extractor to remove the carbon. Clean
also the striker's niche and the striker. Do not remove the extractor spring.
unless it is damaged.
X O** 6. Clean the expeller and its spring by scrubbing them with a brush soaked in the
soul cleaner.
X C 7. When it is dry and before fully assembling it, apply a thick layer.
Apply lubricant to the exterior part of the lock and to the rings. Put a
drop of oil 'LSA/LAW' in the wedge of the lock holder (figure 2-39).
X X C 8. During cleaning and lubrication, inspect the bolt to see if it has
cracks, especially in the area of the cam pin hole.
BOX X X C Clean the gunpowder residue from the upper drawer of the mechanisms with the cleaner.
SUPERIOR of the soul.
OF THE WARNING: Do not use a wire brush to clean the aluminum surface.
MECHANISMS X X C 2. Clean the exterior surface of the gas cylinder (the part that protrudes from the
upper drawer of the mechanisms) with a brush soaked in
soul cleaner. Clean the top of the gas cylinder by inserting it.
a stick and a brush at the back of the mechanism drawer.
Clean the sides and the bottom of the gas cylinder from the bottom of the drawer.
of the mechanisms (figure 2-39).
X X C 3. After cleaning the top drawer of the mechanisms, apply a layer
oil thickness 'LSA/LAW' on the internal surfaces and a light layer on the
external surface.
WARNING: Do not use any type of abrasive material to clean the cylinder.
gases.

22
The letters in the 'Maintenance Level' column indicate the lowest maintenance level at which the action can be performed.
corrective. The letter 'C' indicates maintenance by the operator. The letter 'O' indicates organic maintenance.

23
 CLEANING AND LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS

ARTICLE AFTER ACCORDING TO SE LEVEL OF ACTION REQUIRED

DE REQUIRE MAINTENANCE
SHOOT
CANYON X X C 1. Attach the scrub brush to a cleaning stick, soak it in the
cleaner for the barrel and brush the barrel from the chamber
up to the chamber (figure 2.40). push the brush through the bore
until it reaches beyond the canyon. Do not reverse the direction of the
brush while I hold it in the soul. Brush until the
the soul is completely clean.
X X C 2. Fix the chamber broom to the cleaning sidewalk, immerse it.
in the inner cleaning tool and insert it into the
bedroom (figure 2.41), with five gentle strokes and three
rotation movements, at a minimum, clean the barrel.
X X C 3. Take the broom out of the chamber and remove it from the stick.
Cleaning. Dry the body and the chamber with clean cloths. No
reverse the direction of the specks while cleaning the
soul. Continue this operation until the specks come out clean
and dry.
X X C 4. After cleaning, lightly lubricate the bore and the chamber.
with "LSA/LAW" oil to prevent them from corroding and pitting.
Slightly lubricate the nipples in the cannon mechanism.
X X C 5. Lightly lubricate all external surfaces of the barrel and the
lift (including the surfaces of the back of the handguard).
X X C 6. Apply plenty of lubricant to the screw, seal, and spring of
push-to-talk. Press the latch several times to let the lubricant
enter the spring.
NOTE: The humidity that is due to condensation
it will accumulate in the barrel of the rifle when the mouth of it is covered
with the protective cover. The cover must be removed and it must be cleaned every
24 hours.

25
 CLEANING AND LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS

BIPED X C Remove dirt or grease using the spirit of scratch cleaner.

DELFUSIL X C 2. Apply the prudent amount of LSA/LAW oil to all surfaces.
making sure that the tension spring is well lubricated.
M7 BAYONET X C Clean the dirt and grease from the bayonet. Apply a thin layer of oil.
LSA/LAW to the bayonet's sheet and prudently lubricate both
revealers. The revealers must work freely and return to their
locked position.
X C 2. Minor dents and dings should be removed with a
lime or settling stone.
X C 3. Remove the handles to clean the blade stem assembly.
bayonet and apply a light layer of LSA/LAW oil.
FUND M8A1 Y X C To prevent them from getting moldy, shake and air out the cover and the gun case.
gun holder frequent intervals. The moldy canvas is cleaned by scrubbing it with a
dry brush.
X C 2. Carefully examine the moldy fabric to see if it is rotten.
Stretching it and pulling it. If the fabric seems to be rotten, return it for
to be replaced.
X C 3. Make sure that all signs of mold have been removed before using water.
to remove dirt. Oil and grease. They can be removed by scrubbing it.
with soap provided by the army and water. Rinse it well and dry it.
completely.
WARNING: To remove grease from the canvas, do not use gasoline or solvent.
cleaning.

26
 INTERRUPTION

A malfunction is the failure of an automatic or semi-automatic firearm,

which consists of the non-extraction or expulsion of a vanilla to load and
shoot a new shot. Immediate or corrective action must be taken to
remedy the failure.

IMMEDIATE ACTION.

An immediate action is the prompt application of the probable resources to

remedy an interruption without investigating the cause in the M16A1 rifle, the
the procedure to remedy the defect is as follows:

a. Hit the bottom of the magazine to make sure it is completely

seated. Pull the load handle all the way back (note if
eject a full or empty cartridge) and let it go (do not release the handle towards
forward). Hit the auxiliary closing lever to ensure that the bolt
close (only with the M16A1 rifle) try to fire the weapon.

OBSERVATION.

Immediate action should be taken only in each particular case of failure.

b. If the weapon does not fire, it must be inspected to determine the cause
from the interruption and then take the appropriate action.

c. Take a second immediate action for the same defect before

determining the cause of the interruption can make the
interruption or for the weapon to explode.

WARNING.

If a 'strange sound' is heard or a decrease is observed in

recoil during the shot, I did not continue shooting and took out the magazine,
pull back the bolt and place the selector lever in the position of
Sure. Perform a visual inspection and insert a cleaning rod.
inside the barrel to be sure that there is no projectile lodged in
the soul. DO NOT TAKE IMMEDIATE ACTION.

OBSERVATION.

If a projectile is lodged in the barrel of a weapon, do not attempt to remove it.

Return the weapon to the gunsmith so that it can be returned to the direct support workshop.

27
CORRECTIVE ACTION.

When taking immediate action the interruption does not decrease, it is necessary to take
a corrective action. This is the continuous effort to determine the cause of the
interruption, take the conceived action to save the interruption once it has been
identify this and then return the weapon to operation.

MALFUNCTION.

a. A malfunction is an unexpected cessation of firing due to a

interruption caused by a mechanical failure of the weapon, the magazine or of the
ammunition.

b. The following details six types of malfunction,

as well as others of lesser importance, common to the M16A1 rifle.

Designation

Stopping feeding, introducing into the chamber, and locking a shot from
a charger.

-Description

The malfunction should occur initially when loading the weapon.

or during the operation cycle. When loading the weapon, the movement towards
in front of the locking group lacks sufficient
force (generated by the expansion of the driving spring), for
feed, insert into the chamber and lock the first shot of a
charger. When firing, the operating cycle is interrupted as it does not
to be able to take a shot from the magazine, unable to insert it into the
bedroom and not locking it.

Probable cause:

In the previous stage, the cause can be the result of one or more of them.
what follows:

An excessive accumulation of dirt or blockage in the lock and

door closure and around them.

Defective charger (dented or bulging).

Improperly charged charger.

Improperly inserted magazine in the weapon.

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Defective cartridge (projectile forcibly reintroduced into the casing that
it can result in a dented cartridge.

Broken or malfunctioning drive spring.

Excessive accumulation of dirt in the extension of the lower drawer

the mechanisms.

Stuck gas cylinder. Which results in very little

recoil of the weapon.

Corrective action.

Immediate action must be taken; however, to avoid the risk of

let the weapon get stuck even more, the shooter must remain alert during the
cartridge ejection, make sure that this is the upper drawer of the
mechanisms do not have loose cartridges. taking immediate action
generally overcome the malfunction. You should not force it
door frame, but if there is resistance as can occur with a
"dented cartridge" the bolt must be pulled back, the magazine must
remove and the malfunction must be corrected. If taken the
Immediate action is needed; if the failure is not rectified, action must be taken.
corrective (that is to locate the cause of malfunction and
correct it).

Various types of malfunction.

Several types of power failures are indicated, due to the

relative frequency in stopping feeding.

Designation.

The inability of a cartridge to fire, despite the fact that

A shot has been loaded in the chamber and the trigger or the hammer is ready.
the automatic has released the hammer.

-Description

This failure occurs when the striker stops hitting or strikes the primer.
with little force. A quick inspection generally does not indicate the
nature of the malfunction and the weapon seems normal with the holder
closed closure.

Probable cause

An accumulation of carbon or dirt in the striker is almost always

the cause of this malfunction since it restricts the travel

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 complete of the striker forward however an affected striker or
broken can yield the same results. This defect also
it occurs when the door latch stops closing completely and the hammer
strike the bolt when the hammer hits the bolt, this one
move completely forward, during the inspection it will not be able to
verify the reason for the malfunction.

Corrective action.

Take immediate action. If the defect continues, it must be

inspect the striker, the bolt, the closing block, and the housing of
the fixing lugs of the barrel mechanism and must be removed
any accumulation of coal or dirt. The tip of the striker, still
When it is extremely durable, it should be inspected.

VARIOUS

SUBCATEGORIES IN THE MALFUNCTION OF THE WEAPON.

It must be noted that the primer of a cartridge inserted into the chamber, although
Intentionally has not been fired, it will often have very light marks.
made by the striker. These are caused by the forward movement
of the firing pin although certain firing pins on some weapons leave marks almost
indistinguishable.

Designation.

The rifle stops expelling the cartridge completely.

Description

The ejection of a cartridge is fundamental to the operation cycle of the

rifle, no matter what the firing method is. The malfunction
it happens when the cartridge is not ejected through the port of
expulsion and gets stuck in the upper drawer of the mechanisms to which
close the bolt. Sometimes the cartridge,
initially clear the rifle, it may hit an external surface and
rebounding while falling in the path of the bolt. This is known as 'spin'
by rebound.

Probable causes.

The failures in the expulsion are different to identify, although with

frequency is due to weak or damaged extraction, and less
frequent, a weak or damaged expelled spring, failures in the
expulsion can also be caused by coal accumulation
the clogging of the ejector spring, extractor, or little recoil. The little

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 backlash is usually due to a buildup of dirt in the
mechanism, which can result in any number of failures including
the one of not expelling. The resistance that a chamber offers
extremely full of carbon or corroded can prevent the
extraction; and subsequently the expulsion of a cartridge.

Observation.

The little recoil may also be caused by a gas cylinder.

dirty or obstructed.

Corrective action

Immediate action must be taken carefully to avoid risk.

to further jam the rifle. Even when normally retracting the handle
by loading it will release the cartridge and allow it to be removed, this handle does not
It must be released until the position of the next active shot is determined.
If in active fire it has come out sufficiently from the magazine or in certain
cases have completely come out, both the charger and all the others
Active shots must be removed before releasing the loading handle.

If the malfunction continues and it is not corrected by cleaning

and lubrication, it is advisable that the ejector spring, the spring of
the extractor and the extractor should be replaced, even if there is no damage
apparent in any of them. Generally, it is not necessary just the
replacement of the expeller. Note that it is difficult to remove the spring without
damage it; however, a new spring can be installed if pressure is applied.
careful.

Subtypes of malfunction.

On extraordinary occasions, a fifth subtype can be found.

malfunction where the cartridge has not been ejected with
success is completely embedded in the chamber with the
completely closed or locked bolt, next. The factor
What determines whether a failure has occurred in the expulsion or in the extraction?
it is the nature of the action required to remedy the wrong
operation. if the cartridge can be easily removed by retracting
the loading handle, the failure is in the ejection; if the difficulty is so
large that it becomes necessary to pull the loading handle repeatedly
or if it is necessary to use special tools (cleaning stick,
bayonet) to fix the malfunction then, what has
a failure in extraction has occurred.

Designation.

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19
 Bolt failure to stay back, stuck by the retaining clip of the
bolt after the last shot has been fired.

Description.

When this failure occurs, the soldier lacks a visual means of

immediate check to determine if a defect has occurred
interrupted the shot or if the last shot has been fired. The weapon
It seems to be in normal locked position.

Probable cause.

This defect can be caused by one of the following factors.

or by a combination of them.

Little setback, that is, the bolt retracts far enough back.
to complete all the other shooting operations even if it does not
sufficient for it to be caught by its catch.

Excess dirt or limescale that limits or prevents the bolt lock's seal.
move freely in its trajectory after it has been fired
the last shot.

Dented or dirty charger that limits or does not allow the impeller of
charger force the bolt's retaining pin into its path as it
move forward after having fired the last shot.

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 PARTS OF THE M-16 ASSAULT RIFLE

barrel
2. Arrow
3. suddenly the bearer
4. The arrow locks away
5. Polisher
6. Spring of the polisher
7. Buttstock
Cam pin
9. Asa carrying
10. Asa charging
11. Latch of the handle charging
[Link]
13. Extractor
14. Extractor pin
15. Extract the Spring Assembly
[Link] to ignite
17. Pin to ignite that retains pin
[Link] view
[Link] guard assembly (2).
[Link]
21. Grip of the gun
22. Pivot screw
[Link] view assembly
24. Rotating part of the sling
[Link] down fijan
Trigger
[Link] guard
28. Carrying (for the top floor receiver).

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