A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 6

I. Objective
Given different examples of vertebrates, the Grade 6 pupils should be able to:
a. Determine the distinguishing characteristics of vertebrates;
b. Classify animals based on the characteristics of vertebrates;
c. Give ways of taking good care of animals; and
d. List down vertebrates animals in the community.

II. Subject Matter: Classifying Vertebrates

A. Topic: Classifying Vertebrates
B. Reference: Worktext for Scientific and Technological Literacy Science Links 6
p. 133-140
C. Materials: Pictures of animals, powerpoint presentation and video about classifying
vertebrates
D. Science Ideas:
1. Vertebrates are animals with backbone. They possess complex
body parts with different functions.
2. Vertebrates animals include fishes, amphibians, reptiles birds, and
mammals. Fishes, amphibians, and reptiles are cold-blooded
animals; whereas bird s and mammals are warm-blooded animals.
3. Ectothermic animals adjust to the temperature of the environment,
whereas endotherms undergo thermoregulation. Each vertebrates
class has unique features.
4. Birds have feathers, while fishes are equipped with gills for
breathing.
5. Reptiles have thick scales, while amphibians have moist skin.
Mammals are equipped with mammary glands.
E. Science Process Skills to be developed: Observing, Classifying
F. Science Attitudes to be developed: Critical Thinking, Keen Observation
III. Learning Procedure:
Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity
A. New Lesson
1. Motivation
Have you ever been go to the zoo? Yes, ma’am.
Very good, But for those who did not visit
yet to the zoo, let me tour you and
introduce the different animals.

What are the rules that we should do

when we go to the zoo?
The rules that we should do when we
are at the zoo are, we must keep
quiet, listen attentively and observe
keenly.

Did you enjoy, our zoo visitation?

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What are the different things that can
observe or see in the zoo? The different things that I observed
are animals, ma’am
Excellent! We can find different kinds of
animals. There are some animals that
are big and small.

Let’s have a fun exciting game.

This game is called “Who’s that Animal!”
I am going to show 5 pictures of animals
you will guess the name, then tell me its
characteristics then, if you’re correct I will
show you the picture.
Let’s Start!
Who’s that animal!
Very Good! It’s correct
(The teacher will show the picture of
rabbit.) It’s a rabbit. The rabbit have a fur
body covering and the can hop,
ma’am.

Who’s that animal!

It’s a Chicken. The chicken have two

feet and two wings. And have
feathers, ma’am.

Who’s that animal!

It’s a shark. The Shark is big, they

can only live in water and have the
ability to swim, ma’am.

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 Who’s that animal!

It’s a Kangaroo. The kangaroo can

jump, ma’am.

Who’s that animal!

It’s a cow. The have fur and they have

the ability to walk, ma’am.

Did you know class that, this animals are

considered has vertebrate animals.

2. Presentation
We were going to watch a video clip, but
what are the rules that we should do
when we are watching a video clip? The rules that we should do while
watching are keep quiet, listen
attentively and observe keenly,
ma’am.
Very good, this video is all about the
“Classifying Vertebrates”.

3. Discussion
Did you like the video? Yes, ma’am
What is the video clip all about? It’s all about classifying vertebrates,
ma’am.
How do we classify vertebrates? We classify vertebrates by knowing its
characteristics.
What are the classification of vertebrates
animals? The classification of vertebrates are
mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds
and fishes ma’am.

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Very good!
Today we will talk about Classifying
Vertebrates.

Animals are classified into several phyla.

Each phylum has different characteristics
that make unique from one another.
Among the different phyla of animals are
the vertebrates.

For deeper understanding, look at this

picture, observe and tell me, what do you
think is common or similar in this picture Ma’am the animals are common in
of animals? having backbones.

Very Good! The animals and human are

common and they have backbones

Animals under phylum chordata consist

of a dorsal spinal cord running along the
entire length of the body. Cartilage or
bones are the building materials of most
vertebrate endoskeletons wherein,
animals to do their activities.

The Vertebrates are classified into five

classes.
Mammals
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Fish

Mammals and birds are warm-blooded

animals or endothermic vertebrates
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which means that their body temperature
is stable even if they are in an extremely
hot or cold environment they can also
produce heat in their body. Animals, such
as mammals and birds, are considered
as heterotrophic organisms they need to
consume other organisms for the
acquisition of nutrients.

While ectothermic animals, also known

as cold-blooded vertebrates they cannot
make their body temperature stable and
it changes with their environment.

Mammals
Now, Let’s talk about the Mammals
Can you name this animals? Those animals are cow and lion,
ma’am.

Can describe their body coverings? Their body are covered with fur and
hair, Ma’am.

Can you name this animals class?

Those animals are cat, dog and pig,
Ma’am.

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How are these animals born? Are they
born alive or hatch from eggs? Ma’am the cat, dog and pig are born
alive.

How do the mother mammals feed their

babies? They fed their babies by providing
them with milk. Ma’am.

Very Good! They fed their babies by

providing them with milk produce by the
mammary gland.

What parts of their body used to breathe

air or for their breathing process? They breathe are using their lungs,
ma’am.

How about the movement of the

mammals? Can you describe based on The movement of mammals based on
the given pictures? the pictures are walking, and running.
Ma’am.

Very Good!

But did you know, class that most

mammals live in land while others live in
water and there are mammals that can

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swim, it is because they live in water
example is the whale.

Always remember that:

• Mammals are warm-blooded
animals.
• The bodies of mammals are
partly or completely covered with
hair or fur.
• Mammals are classified as
eutherian or placental, marsupial
and monotremes.
• Mammals breathe through their
lungs.
• Most mammals live on land, while
others live in water. They use
their legs, feet and wings for
locomotion.

Can you give other examples of

mammals in your community? The mammals in our community are
cats, dogs, pigs and cow, ma’am.

Very Good! So any animals that possess

those characteristics are considered as
Mammals.

Remember that there are 3 different

kinds of Mammals.

1. Monotremes are the egg-laying

mammals. They are the most
primitive and reptile like of the
mammals.

Can you give examples of

monotremes? The example of monotremes are
platypus and anteater ma’am.
Very Good! These are the examples
of Monotremes

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2. Marsupials are the pouched
mammals. They are born at the very
tiny, immature stage, and compete
their development in their mother’s
pouch.

Can you give examples of

marsupials? The examples of marsupials are
kangaroo and opossum, ma’am.
Very Good!
These are the examples of
Marsupials

3. Placental mammals are the largest

and most successful groups of
mammals are the placental. The
placental mammals have their
developing young retained within the
uterus of the female until embryonic
development is completed.

Can you give examples of Placental

mammals? The examples of placental mammals
are cat and baboon, ma’am.
Very Good!
These are the examples of Placental
Mammals

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Reptiles
What is this animal? That animal is crocodile, ma’am

Can you describe the body covering? The body covering is dry, ma’am.
How about this one, what is this? It’s a turtle. ma’am.

Can you describe its body covering? The body covering is hard, and the
What do you call this body covering? body covering called shell, ma’am

Very Good! Some reptiles have hard

shell on their bodies.

Observe this picture class, Can you

name the different animals or reptiles
in this picture? The animals in the picture are turtle,
snake and tortoise, ma’am

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 Based on the picture, in what place
do reptiles lives? The reptiles lives in land, ma’am

Excellent! They are fully adapted to

life on land.

So how do you think reptiles

reproduce, based on the picture? The reptiles reproduce by laying
eggs, ma’am.

Snakes reproduce by laying eggs in

land.

Remember:
1. Reptiles are ectothermic vertebrates.
They cannot regulate their body
temperature internally but they
regulate their body temperature.
2. Reptiles are terrestrial animals; they
are fully adapted to life on land.
3. Reptiles have dry scaly skin; others
have shell like the tortoises and
turtles.
4. Reptiles primarily breathe through
their lungs for respiration with an
exception for turtles.
5. Most reptiles use their legs and feet
for locomotion.
6. Some reptiles are viviparous while
others are oviparous. Viviparous
organisms give birth to a live young,
while oviparous organisms lay eggs.

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These are the examples of reptiles.

Amphibians
Class, are you familiar with this kind
of animals, can you name this
animal? It’s a frog, ma’am.

Can you describe its body covering? The body covering of frog is smooth,
ma’am.
Very Good! They have moist, smooth
and slimy skin.

Look at this picture class, can you tell

me the different between the two
animals? Toad and a frog, ma’am.

So, based on this picture where do

amphibians live? They live in land and on water,
ma’am.
A toad live in land or stay in land
while frogs stay on water.

Just like the reptiles, amphibians can

also survive in land and water.

Based on the picture, how do

amphibians reproduce?
The amphibians reproduce by laying
eggs, ma’am.

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 Very Good! They reproduce by laying
eggs on water. Unlike the reptiles,
reptiles lay eggs on land while
amphibians lay eggs on water.

Remember:
1. Amphibians are cold-blooded animals
that spend a part of their lives in
water and on land.
2. Amphibians have smooth and moist
skin without scales.
3. Young amphibians breathe through
their gills. As they grow, their gills
disappear and lungs take their place.
4. Amphibians lay eggs in water. Their
eggs have no shells; instead, their
eggs have a jelly-like structure in
them. The eggs develop into an adult
through the series of stages through
metamorphosis.

Can you give examples of

Amphibians? The examples of amphibians are frog,
toad, snakes and salamander.

There are two major groups of

amphibians the tailed amphibians
such limbless caecilian, salamander,
and newt.

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 And taillness amphibians such as
frog and toads.

Birds
Based on the picture class, how birds
reproduce? Birds reproduce by laying eggs,
ma’am.

Very good! Birds reproduce by laying

eggs.

How about this picture class? Identify

how many legs they have? Birds have 2 legs, ma’am.

How many wings they have? Birds have 2 wings, ma’am.

They possess one pair of legs and

one pair of wings.

Class, can you name this animals? The animals in the picture are an
eagle and chicken, ma’am.

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What are these animals body
covering? The birds have feathers, ma’am.

Excellent! Birds are covered with

feathers.

Now, observe this picture class.

Can you compare how the two birds
move? The dove can fly, while the ostrich
cannot fly, ma’am.

Most types of birds fly but there are

some that cannot fly.
Example that bird cannot fly is the
ostrich.

Remember:
1. Birds have two pairs of limbs. The
forelimbs are wing; in most birds,
they are used for flying. The hind
limbs are legs that are used for
perching, walking, swimming,
prey-catching.
2. Birds have strong and lightweight
bones that are adopted for flying.
The bones contain cavities and
any are filled with air spaces.
3. The mouth of a bird is in the form
of a horn-beak or bill. The bills
and feet of birds show adaptions
to different ways of life like bill for
picking seeds and feet for
perching on trunk of seeds.
4. Birds lay eggs with shells.

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Can you give an examples of
birds can you see in your
community?
The birds that I can see in our
Very Good. community are parrots, quail and
chicken, ma’am.
Fish
Are you familiar this kind of
animals? Yes, Its Milkfish. ma’am.

How about this one? It’s a Tilapia. ma’am.

Very good! It’s tilapia.

Can you describe their body

covering? They have scales. ma’am.

Very Good! Their bodies covered

with scales.

Where the fish live? The fish live in the water. ma’am.
Very Good! Fish live in the water.

Based on the picture, how does

the fish reproduce? Fish reproduce by laying eggs.
ma’am.

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 They reproduce by laying eggs
like reptiles, amphibians, and fish
also lay eggs.

So how do you think fish survive

in water? Fish survive in water because they
have gills. ma’am.
Very Good! They can survive in
water because of the different
body parts like gills, for breathing
and pins and tails for swimming
for balancing in water.

Remember:
1. Fishes are considered as
ectothermic animals. Their body
temperatures change when the
temperature of their environments
change as well.
2. Most fishes have vertebral
column jaws, paired fins, scales,
gills, and a single-loop blood
circulation. Fishes breathe
through gills. They take water in
through their mouth.
3. A fish usually has tails and paired
fins in its back and its belly that
enables it to swim.
4. Almost all kinds of fishes are
covered with scales.
5. A fish has a lateral line on each
side which senses vibrations from
their surroundings.
6. Fishes lay eggs in water and their
young are hatched from eggs.

There are two kinds of fishes: the

bony and cartilaginous fishes.

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 Bony fishes largest group of fish
this group have bony skeletons,
paired fins and protective
overlapping scales. Example are
milkfish, catfish, and electric eel.
They are found both in fresh
water and marine water habitats.

Cartilaginous fishes are group are

found in marine waters examples
are sharks, rays, and skates

Sometimes we can see animals in

our streets like stray dogs and cats.
What do you think or how can you
show care to those animals?

How can you protect them? I will show care by feeding them.
ma’am.
I will protect them by saving the
homes. ma’am.
Very Good! Animals need our care,
love and protection for them to be
able to live. And animals help also
people for our protection too, they
give us joy and love also. And some
animals kept as service animals by
people.

4. Generalization
What are mammals? Mammals are warm-blooded animals
and the bodies of mammals are partly
or completely covered with hair or fur,
ma’am.

What are reptiles? Reptile that has dry and scaly skin
and live on land, ma’am

What are amphibians? Amphibians have moist skin and no

scales, ma’am

What are birds? Bird is a vertebrate animal that have

feathers and wings, ma’am

What are fishes? Fishes can breathe in water but not in

air, ma’am.

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5. Application
Arrange the classifying vertebrates
based on the pictures.

1.
Mammals

2.
Mammals

3.
Amphibians

4.

Reptiles

5.

Birds

6.

Birds

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 7.

Mammals

8.

Mammals

9.

Fish
10.

Birds

IV. Evaluation
A. Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of monotremes is included?
a. Koalas
b. Kangaroo
c. Platypus
d. Bandicoots

2. Which of the following are example of vertebrates?

a. worms, dogs, toads, and snake
b. butterfly, opossum, milkfish and rat
c. platypus, cat, cheetah and sharks
d. a. tigers, toads, turkeys, and tarantula

3. Where do the reptiles live?

a. pond
b. swamp
c. underwater
d. in land and on water

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4. Who have dry and scaly skin?
a. Birds, have dry and scaly skin.
b. Reptiles, have dry and scaly skin.
c. Mammals, have dry and scaly skin
d. Amphibians, have dry and scaly skin.

5. How do mammals maintain a constant temperature?

a. by their body heat is not stable even if they are in an extremely hot or cold
environment.
b. by their animal body is stable even if they are in an extremely hot or cold
environment.
c. by their body temperature is not stable even if they are in an extremely hot or cold
environment.
d. by their body temperature is stable even if they are in an extremely hot or cold
environment.

6. Why reptiles are considered ectothermic vertebrates?

a. because, they regulate their body temperature internally but, they regulate
their body temperature behaviorally.
b. because, they cannot regulate their body temperature internally but, they regulate
their body temperature behaviorally.
c. because, they regulate their muscle temperature internally but, they regulate their
body temperature behaviorally.
d. because, they regulate their body temperature cannot internally but, they regulate
their body temperature behaviorally.

7. Do we considered mammals as warm blooded animals? Why?

a. Yes, because their body temperature can change even when temperature of the
environment changes.
b. Yes, because their body temperature can change even when temperature of the
house changes.
c. Yes, because their feet temperature can change even when temperature of the
environment changes.
d. Yes, because their body temperature don’t change even when temperature of
the environment changes.

8. How birds reproduce?

a. Birds reproduce by laying eggs.
b. Birds reproduce by nourishing their young in a pocket of skin in mother’s stomach.
c. Birds reproduce by developing young within the uterus of the female until embryonic
development is completed.
d. Birds reproduce by developing young within the uterus of the female until embryonic
development is not completed.
e.
9. Is it reptiles are terrestrial animals?
a. Yes, because they are adapted on life on land.
b. Yes, because they are fully adapted on life on land.
c. Yes, because they are not fully adapted on life on land.
d. Yes, because they are fully adapted on life on land and in water.

10. Who are the egg laying mammals?

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 a. Marsupials
b. Monotremes
c. Monothremes
d. Mhonotremes

V. Assignment:
List down all Vertebrates animals in your community.

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