HYDROCLIMATOLOGY

Professor: Leidy Johanna Rodríguez Castro

WORKSHOP IX SOLAR RADIATION
Laura Valentina Rivera (5400235)
Laura Valentina Perilla (5400254)

Consult thePlanck's LawStefan-Boltzmann Law, Kirchhoff's Law and Law of

Wien's displacement and solve the following problems.
1. Calculate the radiant energy flux emitted by the Earth, considered as a
A black spherical body at a temperature of 300 K and with a radius of 6370 km. What is it?
Is it the total emissive power (irradiance) of the Earth?

= 300

R = 6370
4
= σ·
-8 -2 -4 4 4
F = 5.670 · 300
-2
F = 459.27Wm

2
P = M · A → P = M · 4π · R

3 2
-2
= 459. 27Wm 4π · (6370 · 10 )
17
P = 2.34 × 10

2. Make an estimation of the temperature at which the surface of the Sun is located and
the surface of the red supergiant star Betelgeuse.

The maximum emission from the sun corresponds to the yellow zone of the visible spectrum with a
wavelength of 620 nm, applying Wien's law, the temperature would be:
0.0028976 m · K
= -9
= 4673,5 K
6200

In the case of the red star Betelgeuse, the emitted wavelength will be found in the area
spectrum red, this being 730 nm, using Wien's law, we obtain a
temperature of:
0.0028976 m·K
= -9
3969,3 K
730 times 10
A metallic sphere with a radius of 1m is heated to 1027 °C. The sphere is coated
from a paint layer with emissivity 0.8. Determine the radiation flux
thermal radiation received by a circular black body surface with a radius of 2 cm
situated perpendicular to the radius of the sphere and 200 m away from the center
of the same.

= 1300. 15 K

ε = 0.8

D = 200m

r = 0.02 m

R = 1
4
= ε · σ·
-8 -2 -4 4 4
F = 0.8 · 5. 67 × 10 1300.15 K
5
F = 1.2960

= ·
4 2
ε·σ· · 2
= 2 · π ·
4·π·D

5 -2 2
1.296×10 1m 2
= 2
· π · 0.02m
4·π·200m

-3
= 4. 07 times 10

[Link] stars can be considered as black bodies. If it is known that the

wavelengths corresponding to the maximum emission intensities for
The Vega star is 2070 Å (ultraviolet) and for the Antares star 11600 Å (infrared).
determine the temperatures of the surfaces of both stars and determine their
radiant emittance. Note 1 Å =10-10
-10
λ = 2070Å → 2070 × 10

-10
λ = 11600Å → 11600 × 10
Using Wien's law, the temperature is calculated for each of the
stars
0.0028976 m · K
= -10
= 13998
20700

0.0028976 m·K
= -10
= 2497,9 K
11600×10

For the calculation of radiant emittance, we use the Stefan-Boltzmann law.

4
= σ
-8 -2 -4 -4 9 2
= 5,670 · (13998 ) = 2,17 × 10 /
-8 -2 -4 -4 6 2
= 5,670 (2497,9 K) = 2,200 /

The sun can be considered as a black body at a temperature of 6000 K.

Determine the wavelength corresponding to the maximum emission intensity
of solar radiation.
T = 6000K
= λ á ·

λ á
=
0.0028976 m · K
λ á
= 6000 K
-7
λ á
= 4.830

6. The wavelength corresponding to the maximum emission intensity of the

Solar radiation is 4800 Å. What is the temperature of the solar surface? To what
wavelength corresponds to the maximum emission if the temperature of the sun
will it increase to 2000 °C?
To find the temperature and the wavelength if it increases by 2000°C, we use the law of
Vienna:
-10
λ = 4800 Å → 4800 × 10
0.0028976 m · K
= -10
= 6036,6 K
4800×10
T = 60366 K + (273,15 + 2000°C = 8309, 75 K
0.0028976 m · K -7
λ á
= 8309.75 K
= 3,48 times 10

7. When conducting an experiment to study the thermal emission spectrum of a

black body we found that the maximum emission coincides with the wavelength of
wavelength of 600 nm (orange color). Calculate:

the black body temperature in that experiment.

= λ á ·

= λ á

0.0028976 m·K
= -7
6×10
= 4829. 33 K
 b) The intensity of the emitted radiation.

4
= σ·
-8 -2 -4 4 4
M = 5.670 4829.33
-2
M = 3.08 Wm

8. When the sun reaches the 'red giant' phase, its wavelength of maximum
the emission will be at λmax = 7000 Å and its radius will have multiplied by 100 compared to
to date. Calculate how much the total radiation emitted by the sun will have varied.

-10
λ = 7000 Å → 7000 × 10

-10
λ = 5000 Å → 5000 × 10
0.0028976 m · K
= -10
= 4139,4 K
7000 times 10
4 2
= σ (4π R )
1
= 2
1 4 1 2
= ( 1) ( )
2 2 2

1
λ 4 1 2
= ( λ
2
)( )
2 1 2

1 7000 4 1 2
= ( 5000
) ( 100 )
2

1 -4
= 3,84 × 10
2

9. A telescope with a one-meter radius objective is equipped with a device

that allows measuring the energy received by each frequency. Orienting the
telescope towards a distant medium-type star, we measure that the length of
the wavelength at which the maximum energy is obtained is λ=4700 Å, and that after 20 min
the total energy received, sweeping all frequencies is
5X10-6 How far is the star, if we assume that its radius is
the sun Rsol =7 multiplied by 105 .
=
-3
60 1 minute
= ·
20 minutes 60 s
=5 times 10-6
= λ á

0.0028976 m · K
= -10
4700 times 10

= 6165
=5 × 10-6
4 2
σ· 4π·R 2 -6
= 2 · π = 5 × 10
4·π·D
4 2 2
σ· 4π·R ·π·
=
 -8 -2 -4 4 4 4 4 8 2
5.67 times 10 300 ·6165 4π·(7×10 ) ·π·r1m
= -6
5 times 10
15
D = 5.02 x 10

10. The radiation coming from the sun reaches the earth with an intensity of WT.=
1.35X103 / 2Assuming that the sun is a black body, calculate its
temperature. (Data: Radius of the sun R= 7X108 Earth-Sun distance: r =
150X109 )
Using the Stefan-Boltzmann equation, we solve for the temperature of the equation.
obtaining:
4 2
= σ · 4 · π ·
4 2
σ·
= → 2
→ 2
4·π·r
2 3 2 9 2
4 · 1.35×10 / 150 times 10 )
= 2
= 8 2 -8 2 -4
= 5750,2 K
σ (7×10 ) (5.67×10 )