Caffeine Extraction from Cola Beverages
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ScribdTranslationsCaffeine Extraction from Cola Beverages
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ScribdTranslationsPRACTICE NO :
EXTRACTION OF CAFFEINE FROM BEVERAGES
COLA
Objective:
In this experience, we will discover part of its 'secret': extracting caffeine from
some of those drinks that contain cola.
● Theoretical foundation:
When a substance dissolves in two immiscible solvents, the relationship of
the concentrations of said substance in each of the solvents is constant at a
determined temperature, this constant is called the partition coefficient:
k = C1/C2
If we have a substance soluble in one solvent, but more soluble in a second one
solvent not miscible with the previous one, can be extracted from the first by adding it
second, shaking the mixture, and separating the two phases. At the laboratory level
the process takes place in a decantation funnel. It is evident that the extraction never
it is total, but greater efficacy is obtained when the amount of the second solvent is
divide into several fractions and successive extractions are made that when everything is added
occasionally, a single extraction is made. The process has industrial implications and
used in the extraction of oils, fats, and pigments.
Material:
Sodium carbonate
Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)
A can of cola drink
Indicator paper
500 ml Erlenmeyer
Graduated cylinder
Decantation funnel
Large precipitate glass
Small beaker
Porcelain capsule
Watch glass
Procedure:
Measure with a graduated cylinder the content of half a can of any 'cola' drink and
place it in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask.
Add small amounts of sodium carbonate to neutralize carbonic acid,
present in these liquids, until the bubbling stops or a basic reaction is obtained with the paper
indicator.
Add 20 ml of dichloromethane and stir it slowly for 5 to 7 minutes.
preventing the formation of emulsions.
Separate, using a decanting funnel, the colorless liquid from the bottom.
(dichloromethane + caffeine) and place it in a glass.
Don't throw away what is left in the funnel.
Repeat the operation by adding another 20 ml of dichloromethane to the funnel, stir
slowly and separate the colorless phase.
Combine it with the one you have in the glass.
It is advisable to repeat this operation once more to extract the maximum amount of
caffeine.
Combine the three extracts in the glass.
Let the liquid containing caffeine evaporate slowly in a glass of water.
When only a few drops are left, transfer them to a porcelain capsule and continue.
slowly evaporating until it is dry (be careful to remove the capsule from
fire as soon as you see the last drop disappear because caffeine sublimates and the
you would lose.
Caffeine can be purified by sublimation (the direct transition from solid to gas and vice versa)
To do this, you have to cover the capsule with a watch glass, cooled with ice, and heat it.
the set a few minutes. You will be able to observe the solid caffeine forming small
needle-shaped crystals in the watch glass.
● Issues: O CH3
Is the drink with 'cola' a solution or a suspension?
H3C N
2. What are the different separation techniques N
mixtures that you have used in this experience?
Caffeine: O N
N
Molecular Formula: C8H10N4O2
Molecular weight: 194.19 CH3
Chemical name: 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
Properties: white powder or crystal. Odorless. Slightly bitter taste.
Identification of caffeine: It can be verified whether the crystallized solid
it's caffeine, determining its melting point. Caffeine melts at 238ºC in its form
anhydra. It is insoluble in ether and slightly soluble in water, alcohol, acetone, and benzene. If it is
It wants to crystallize, dissolves in benzene, and hexane is added drop by drop until turbidity.
observations