YEAR OF THE FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION AND IMPUNITY

STUDENT:
PAZO PAZO JULIO MARLON (ORCID 0000-0001-8159-5947)

TEACHER:
ENG. SUAREZ ELIAS ORLANDO VALERIANO

COURSE:
WORKSHOP I

THEME:

BACKGROUND

FACULTY:
CIVIL ENGINEERING

Piura, September 2019

 INTERNATIONAL BACKGROUND

SANITARY SEWAGE SYSTEM FOR

IMPROVE THE LIVING CONDITIONS OF THE INHABITANTS OF THE

SECTOR EL MARISCAL SUCRE OCCIDENTAL DEL CANTÓN

SAQUISILÍ FROM THE PROVINCE OF COTOPAXI, ECUADOR

Molina F. 3 (2011). The present research work has the general objective of studying

each of the factors that affect the development of a sewage system

in a way that is appropriate and the most economical to improve the quality of life of the people

from the Mariscal Sucre Occidental Sector, Saquisilí Canton, Cotopaxi Province.

Subsequently, the specific objectives are proposed to evaluate the damages caused in the

locality due to the lack of a sanitation sewer system. Check the procedures

for the evacuation of wastewater and finally follow health regulations

corresponding to achieve excellent transport of wastewater.

Problem formulation: What method should be established for water collection?

served and in this way be able to meet the primary need of the Mariscal Sucre sector

Western part of the Saquisilí canton, Cotopaxi Province? The main annoyance of the

Inhabitants of the sector face the lack of a sanitary sewage system, which leads to

catastrophic diseases and problems in the environment.

Due to the increase in population, the research is justified that the system of

sanitary sewerage will be carried out in order to provide a high service to the sector and for

consequently improve the way of life of the inhabitants, as well as protect the environment

environment.
The methodology is based on quantitative and qualitative research because

moment of carrying out the design, the values are numerical and in this way the

optimal sections, flow rates, speeds, etc.

An applied research is being developed to solve the problem, as well as visits.

to the field to take necessary data from the current environment. Along with it, the level is added.

exploratory that allows us to generate a hypothesis and a descriptive level to obtain the

causes that lead to the non-existence of a sewage system.

At the conclusion of the investigation, it is concluded that: 1382.38 meters of PVC pipe will be installed.

ALCANTA with a diameter of 200 mm, machine excavation up to a depth of 2.00 m

1417.56 m3, machine excavation from 2.00 m to 3.30 m 792.65 m3, inspection well of

concrete from 0m to 2m and HF cover 19 units, concrete inspection well from 2.0m to

3.30m and HF cover 10 units, hand excavation of trench for household connections h=

0.0 to 2.00 m 480 m3, Inspection boxes include coupling installation and 160 mm pipe 50 units.

It is recommended:

1) Do not make changes to the pipe section in intermediate sections because a segment

I would work on a full section and the other on a partially full section, which would obstruct the system.

it would generate hanging and the water would return to its place of origin.

2) If in the future there is a need to evacuate rainwater, it is necessary to implement

another network and not link it to the design of this one.

3) It is prohibited to mix or connect the storm sewer with the designed one, as it would obstruct the

red is irla to this design.

DESIGN OF SANITARY AND STORM SEWAGE AND TREATMENT OF

SEWAGE OF THE SAN EMILIO URBANIZATION.

This project contains the designs of the storm sewer systems and

Sanitary service of the San Emilio Urbanization, as well as the Treatment of the Waters

Sewage. With these designs, it is intended to collect all the sewage and waters.

urbanization rains, using a new design, which will prevent pollution

environmental and unhealthiness will be fought. It is worth mentioning that in this project a

Environmental impact study in the area, to avoid serious damage to the existing nature

and try to counteract the possible negative effects. Finally, using the Program

SewerCad, design software, was used to obtain the designs of the sewage system.

Rainwater and Sanitary. Additionally, the Treatment Plant for Wastewater was designed.

and a reference budget for the work was created.

This thesis aims to contribute to the basic sanitation of the Urbanization.

San Emilio, located in the Valley of Los Chillos, province of Pichincha. This project includes

the study, design, calculations, general budget and plans where the civil work is detailed. The

The Basic Sanitation Plan allows for the determination of alternatives for identification and

solution to hygiene problems in communities, promoting adequate management

of water and a proper disposal of solid waste and excreta.

For this reason, concerned about the problems due to the lack of a sewage system.

efficient, that it be a solution to the conditions of unsanitary conditions and pollution that could

to occur in the future within the San Emilio urbanization, the design of a

separate system of sewage and rainwater drainage.

The study and design of the sanitary and storm drainage system is based on a

professional responsibility, so it is necessary to carry out this type of civil works with

good quality and safety so that, within its useful life, the project does not present any

problem, this aspect is always carried out by seeking the minimum cost and the maximum benefit

for the inhabitants as well as for the institutions related to these projects. Obtaining

as a result, the most efficient solution to the needs of the sector.

The only person responsible for the design, construction, and maintenance of the systems of

sanitary and storm sewage is the engineer; therefore, it must be taken into account that a

a professional person must be present at every step of the development of this type of project,

since these jobs represent a great benefit, which is the health of the residents.

Conclusions

With the construction of the rainwater and wastewater drainage system, the problem will be solved.

conditions of unhealthiness and contamination that could occur in the future within

the San Emilio urbanization. It will contribute to raising the living standards of its inhabitants, as

It will cooperate with health and the environment.

For the treatment of wastewater, the creation of a septic tank was decided.

that complies with the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants, without the need for
occupy large spaces for their operation. Additionally, it responds to aspects

economic and operational.

At the time of carrying out this project, great care and responsibility must be taken.

each step of the work, to avoid a greater negative impact on the environment.

With this professional exercise and its respective direction, a balance is achieved in the

student training, as it allows us to put into practice what we have learned over the years

within the university, helping to provide solutions to the problems of our country.

Recommendations

For the execution of the project, the technical specifications stipulated in must be followed.

this study.

Within the processes of construction, maintenance, and operation of the project, it should

hiring sector personnel, creating a source of employment while educating

population, who are directly and indirectly benefited.

It is necessary for the metropolitan district of Quito to take care of the road infrastructure.

and access roads to nearby sectors. For the benefit of economic development of the

zone.

Conduct awareness campaigns aimed at the local population, so that

develop interests in the importance of water and its conservation; as well as, awaken

the interest in the preservation and care of the environment, and in this way the inhabitants

develop their daily activities in an inclusive and healthy environment.

 STUDY OF THE SANITARY SEWAGE SYSTEM FOR THE

EVACUATION OF WASTEWATER IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD EL PLACER OF THE

PARISH RIO VERDE OF THE PROVINCE OF TUNGURAHUA.

The purpose of this research work is to understand the study of the system of

sanitary sewer for the evacuation of wastewater in the Caserío el Placer

the parish of Rio Verde in the Province of Tungurahua, for this, first the

surveys in that hamlet after the surveys it was concluded that in the Hamlet

The Pleasure lacks a sewage system that facilitates the evacuation of the

wastewater from the multiple and varied activities of the inhabitants of

sector. It is proposed as a solution to the aforementioned problem the implementation of a system

of sanitary sewerage as it is suitable for the disposal of wastewater

coming from the homes of the inhabitants of the settlement. The same is made of PVC pipe,

200 mm

dollars.

CONCLUSIONS

In the El Placer neighborhood, they currently lack a sewage system.

that facilitates the evacuation of wastewater from the multiple and

varied activities of the inhabitants of the sector.

Due to the way people dispose of their wastewater from each of their

homes cause air pollution, as well as that of the river waters

Pastaza in which you are draining.

By not having a wastewater treatment system, it contaminates the river.

Pastaza, causing a multitude of diseases that affect not only the

 inhabitants of the settlement but also to all the people who are on the banks

of the same.

RECOMMENDATIONS

It is recommended to implement a sewage system as it is the

suitable for the evacuation of wastewater from households of

the inhabitants of the hamlet.

As it is a sanitary sewer system, we cannot allow the entry of rainwater.

that if this were to happen, the system and the ducts themselves could collapse.

It is advisable that for the development of the El Placer hamlet and the other hamlets

that are settled on the banks of the Pastaza River should be given an immediate solution

the problem of wastewater treatment

NATIONAL BACKGROUND

FORMULATION AND DESIGN OF THE PROJECT OF

SANITATION ZONE 7 SEWER NETWORK

UNIPAMPA–CAÑETE

De La Cruz C. 5 (2007). This research aims to conduct the

domestic and industrial wastewater to the treatment plant; Protect life, health

of the inhabitants of the area and the environment. Therefore, it is justified that the works of

sewage systems in the projected population are fundamental for health defense,

the life, development of the industry and commerce of the area.

The construction of the sewer network is part of the infrastructure works for

the inhabitants of the outskirts of Cañete, the Project is justified by the scarcity that

The population suffers due to the lack of a sewage system.

There are large desert areas on the coast of our nation and with a

numerous population increase with housing shortages, the design of will be carried out

a sewage network as part of the sanitation system in the area known as

Unipampa–Cañete.

That is why it mentions to us that the work that will be developed at UNIPAMPA

ZONE 07 OF CAÑETE that constitutes the Sanitation project, today, is not

both the design and expansion of networks in large cities, if not the creation of the

necessary infrastructure for the population, in terms of convenient solutions and

chords with a limited capital investment. This is why the designs and standards that

included in this study are aimed at a basic solution of the services

referred.

The methodology used for the development of the research project is of a cutting nature.

transversal, explanatory-analytical, quantitative and descriptive. The conclusions that

the conclusions reached after drafting the present report are as follows:

The design of the sewer system must support a service life of 20 years, having

as design diameter 8" or 200 mm. The depth of the manholes begins

from the level of the alignment, with a minimum depth of 1.20m for the manholes

from the start.

 Excavation for mailboxes will be 98.70 m3, Mailboxes made of reinforced concrete with F’c

= 210 kg/cm2 45.58 m3, PVC pipe UFS-25 of 8 inches 3569.98 m

It is recommended that all piping and fittings be carefully inspected before

to be installed in order to discover flaws, such as breaks, cracks, porosity, and will be

verified to be free of foreign bodies such as soil, etc.

For the water supply and sewage line, PVC pipes are recommended.

- UF (flexible union), since this material has good durability and does not corrode internally,

In addition, their handling and installation are easy.

DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF THE BASIC SANITATION SYSTEM IN THE

CASERÍO DE QUEROBAL, DISTRICT OF CURGOS, PROVINCE OF SÁNCHEZ

CARRIÓN, DEPARTMENT OF LIBERTY

Cruzado L.6 (2015). The research of the thesis indicates that the population of the hamlet of

Querobal–Curgos does not have a sewage system and the people who live there

they relieve themselves outdoors which causes diseases. The following is created

General objective: Design and install the basic sanitation system in the hamlet of

Querobal, district of Curgos–province of Sánchez Carrión–department of La Libertad.

Along with this, the following specific objectives:

Design and installation of the sewage system for 57 families in the hamlet of

Querobal considering the criteria of the standard OS. 100 "basic considerations of

"sanitary infrastructure design" of the National Building Regulations and

Guidelines for the design of sewage technologies.

 Design and installation of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for 57

families in the hamlet of Querobal, taking into account the criteria of the standard

OS.090 "wastewater treatment plant" of the National Regulation

Buildings.

Design of septic tanks and percolation wells for wastewater treatment of

118 families in the hamlet of Querobal, according to the criteria of the standard IS. 020

septic tanks of the National Building Regulations.

According to the general objective set at the beginning of this research work, it

concludes that the objective was successfully achieved, as the calculation of a

sanitary sewer network and latrines with hydraulic flush that work by gravity,

through a spreadsheet.

For the hydraulic calculations of the sewer system, the design was performed with pipes.

closed, for this the Manning equation, Chezy and Hammod coefficients were worked on,

A treatment plant design with an Imhoff tank was also carried out to provide them.

treatment of wastewater from the network system. The design of the networks of

The sewage system was carried out using the conventional method, which includes all the

requirements and specifications set forth in the current regulations.

It is recommended that all the data required to work with the

Application should be as punctual and accurate as possible, so that better results can be obtained.

more precise, as well as taking into account each of the observations when working

and in this way avoid any errors that could arise. On the other hand, it is crucial

that all the programs available to us are taken into account and maximized

disposition as much as possible, especially the use of Excel and AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D by
on top of any other software for the realization, since they are available in

any computer, since we sometimes do not take into account the capabilities of these programs

and we only use them for the essentials.

DESIGN OF THE WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM

FROM THE POPULATED CENTER OF CRUZ DE MÉDANO - LAMBAYEQUE - PERU.

The objective of the Project is to improve the living standards of the population in the area.

of the project the 'Cruz de Médano Population Center' - Morrope - Lambayeque with the

implementation of a water supply and sewage system making a

sustainable project and achieve having a contingency program. The study used

simulation software Watercad, Epanet, and Sewercad.

Among its specific conclusions are:

The study achieved the design for the supply of drinking water and sewage up to

the 2027.

According to the prospecting study conducted in the area, it was determined that the source

the most suitable one is that of the tubular well as it offers the conditions of quantity and

adequate quality

The Watercad program has fully met expectations as its management is more

versatile, due to the rapid editing process and hydraulic simulation analysis.

much and wide unlike Epanet.

The Sewercad program fully met the proposed objectives as it analyzes in detail

efficient the sewer networks, providing alternate solutions that can be

viable in the project.

 The wastewater treatment system will involve the construction of a

stabilization lagoon for its treatment.

LOCAL BACKGROUND

DESIGN OF THE SEWER SYSTEM OF THE MALA VIDA NEIGHBORHOOD,

DISTRICT OF CHRIST IN OUR BEHALF, PROVINCE OF SECHURA–PIURA,

FEBRUARY 2019

This thesis is prepared with the objective of designing the sewage system of

hamlet of Mala Vida, district of Cristo Nos Valga, province of Sechura–Piura. This

the project arises as an alternative to providing a solution to the problem that the inhabitants have regarding the

lack of the sewer system, aimed at reducing

diseases and improve their quality of life. This project will benefit 335 families. Of

this way the first stage constitutes the literature review, where it shows the

different theoretical bases, thereby understanding the definitions of the corresponding topic,

About sewage systems, it has also been illustrated with international and national backgrounds.

and locals. It involves us doing field studies such as the terrain topography to be able to

start the project design.

For the village of Mala Vida, an average flow of 2.865 l/s was found, which is 80%.

It will enter the sewer system and this is 5.73 l/s. From the topography, the elevations were found.

of ground that will be the cover levels of the mailboxes for which 83 mailboxes were designed, 59

of type I which are simple concrete mailboxes and 24 of type II which will be made of reinforced concrete.
Finally, the project is designed in the SEWERCAD software to find slopes.

speeds,tractive tension, etc.

Recommendations 1. As a fundamental part for the design to work at 100% is

it is necessary that it is carried out with trained personnel so that each one can be fulfilled

of the proposed technical specifications as well as the current regulations of our

Peruvian state.

Be very careful when handling PVC pipes so that they do not suffer impacts.

no damage and thus do not lose their high resistance for which they were created.

3. Do not alter the hydraulic design, respect the proposed flows and slopes for each

pipeline section. Use the steel and concrete strength corresponding to the manholes

designed.

4. It is recommended to perform maintenance every 6 months to avoid any clog in the pipes and

the system can reach its useful life.

5. Conduct training talks to raise awareness among the residents of the village of Mala.

Life, about the proper use of the sewage system.

DESIGN OF THE SEWAGE SYSTEM OF THE POPULATED CENTER

HUEREQUEQUE–THE UNION -PIURA

Martínez E. 7 (2018). This research thesis was based on the design of the system of

sewerage of the present C.P of Huerequeque–La unión–Piura since the inhabitants

they lack the service, that is why the project is presented so that they decrease the

diseases caused by not having an efficient sewage system. As the main one

Our objective is to develop the hydraulic design for the sewage system of the populated center.
Huerequeque, district of La Unión, province of Piura, department of Piura complying

the current and valid sanitation regulations for the current year. As well as for

To complement, the following specific objectives are mentioned:

Conduct the study of the population to evaluate the design population.

Carry out a descriptive analysis of the populated center to estimate the values for the calculation.

hydraulic.

To establish the fundamental studies in order to obtain greater information about the

land on which the project is located.

The importance of this research project lies in improving quality of life

of the population of this populated center, what is obtained by having a system of

sewer for removing waste and a place for waste treatment

solids that are gathered, compressing the risks to which they are now exposed.

DESIGN OF THE SEWAGE SYSTEM OF THE LOCALITY OF

NARIHUALÁ, DISTRICT OF CATACAOS, PIURA.

This thesis research was based on the design of the sewage system of the hamlet of

Narihualá, Catacaos, Piura since the locality has a drinking water system,

but lacks a sanitary sewer system, which puts health at risk

all of the child population since the inhabitants deposit excreta in silos

(60%) and in open field (40%). This is why this research is presented as

solution to the problem that the inhabitants have. The main objective is to achieve the

adequate health conditions in the populated center of Narihualá, which entails a

set of activities aimed at improving the standard of living of the population, as well as

the following specific objectives were also outlined:

Reduction of pollution sources.

Reduction of infectious diseases.

Health care of the population.

Environmental care.

The problem lies in the danger to the health and physical integrity of the inhabitants that

they do not have a sanitary sewer system, which is why the following is formulated

Question: Will the quality of life in the locality of Narihualá, Catacaos, Piura be improved?

Having as justification the lower incidence of infectious intestinal diseases,

parasitism and the skin.

The main importance of this project lies in solving the problem by improving

substantially the quality of life of the inhabitants through the implementation of

an adequate sanitation sewer system will allow for a considerable reduction in

morbidity rate. The methodology used to obtain the information has been

considered qualitative since the data worked is based on calculations in order to

to reach the corresponding design. In conclusion, it is said that in the absence of data

census updated as of the date of preparation of this research thesis, have been taken

reference data concerning the population growth rate of Catacaos and others

elements of judgment and field investigation that have allowed for the establishment of a population

current for Narihualá of 1678 inhabitants, with an annual growth rate of 2.35%.

it has assumed a design period of 20 years (2007-2027) and a future population of 2467

inhabitants.