2

NATIONAL
India hosted the inaugural BIMSTEC
Traditional Music Festival at Bharat
Mandapam, New Delhi.

●Title = 'SaptaSur: Seven Nations,

One Melody'
●Inaugurated by External Affairs
Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar.
●BIMSTEC = Bay of Bengal Q1. The regional
Initiative for Multi-Sectoral
Technical and Economic organization BIMSTEC was
Cooperation established in which year?
○ Countries = Bangladesh, Bhutan,
India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Type something... ;)
Thailand

India became the 5th biggest aviation

market in 2024, reflecting mass-scale
growth in both domestic and international
travel.
●Data released by =International Air
Transport Association (IATA) in its
World Air Transport Statistics
(WATS) for 2024
● The Mumbai–Delhi route was
ranked as the 7th busiest airport pair
globally, carrying 5.9 million
passengers.
● India handled 241 million
passengers in 2024, a significant
11.1% increase from 2023.

India launched its first FIFA Talent

Academy for girls in Hyderabad
(Telangana) under AIFF and FIFA’s Talent
Development Scheme.

PM Modi inaugurated the M.S. Swaminathan

Centenary International Conference in New
Delhi.
●Theme = Evergreen Revolution – The
Pathway to Bio-happiness
●Aim = to advance Professor Swaminathan’s
vision for sustainable, resilient, and equitable
agriculture.
● The first recipient of M.S. Swaminathan
Award for Food and Peace = Professor
Ademola Adenle (Nigeria)
● Father of India’s Green Revolution = MS
Swaminathan
○ Bharat Ratna = 09 February 2024
● Father of the World’s Green Revolution = Dr.
Norman Ernest Borlaug
3
NATIONAL
Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025
replaces the 1925 law, adopts global shipping
rules, allows digital bills, and strengthens
India’s trade framework.
●Aims to reduce
disputes &
litigation and
promote ease of
doing business.

Indian Railways conducted the trial run of “Rudrastra,” a 4.5

km-long freight train with 354 wagons and 7 engines,
establishing Asia’s longest such train.
●The train consisted of 354
wagons, powered by seven
locomotives, and covered a
200–209 km stretch
between Ganjkhwaja (UP)
and Garhwa Road
(Jharkhand) at an average
speed of 40–40.5 km/h.

The Govt approved the Tato-I (186 MW, ₹1,750

cr) and Tato-II (700 MW, ₹8,146 cr) Hydro
Electric Projects in Arunachal Pradesh.
●The project will be built on the
Siyom river (Tributary of
Brahmpurtra river).
● The Arunachal Pradesh Cabinet
has approved a joint venture Neepco
Arunachal Hydro Power Corporation
with NEEPCO to fast-track five hydro
projects Tato-I, Heo, Tato-II, Naying,
and Hirong.

79th Independence Day:-

●Theme = Naya Bharat
●1,090 medals were awarded, including 233 Gallantry Medals, with major honours
going to heroes of Operation Sindoor and security personnel across forces.
○Notable awardees = CoBRA commander Ashok Kumar (5th Gallantry Medal) and
martyr Sepoy Pravin Janjal (posthumous Kirti Chakra).
●President Droupadi Murmu approved a total of 24 Yudh Seva Medals, 9 Uttam
Yudh Seva Medals, and 7 Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medals.
○ Yudh Seva Medals established = 1980
4
NATIONAL
Major Announcements by PM Modi:-
● Mission Sudarshan Chakra – modernize defense infrastructure.
○ Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the "Bharat Drone Mission".
○ Expanding the "Namo Drone Didi" scheme, which aims to provide drones to 15,000
women-led self-help groups (SHGs) to provide rental services to farmers for tasks like
spraying fertilizers and pesticides.
● Make-in-India Chips – chip production to begin by year-end.
●
Q2. What was the name of the

Job Scheme – ₹1 lakh crore employment drive.

historic speech delivered by

●
Jawaharlal Nehru on the

GST Cuts – tax reforms before Diwali.

midnight of 14–15 August 1947?

● Reform Task Force – roadmap to achieve “Viksit Bharat” by 2047.

Type something... ;)

● Tech & Energy Self-Reliance – boost to critical manufacturing sectors.

● Maritime Push – “Samudra Manthan” for ocean development.

The Ministry of Panchayati Raj unveiled

SabhaSaar, an AI-powered tool that uses NLP and
the Bhashini platform to automatically generate
structured and multilingual minutes from Gram
Sabha meetings. ● Initially implemented
across Tripura’s Gram
Panchayats for the
Special Gram Sabhas.
● Initially implemented
across Tripura’s Gram
Panchayats for the
Special Gram Sabhas.

Varanasi became the first city in India to

get portable solar panels installed
between railway tracks.
●This innovative
pilot project was
commissioned by
the Banaras
Locomotive Works
(BLW).

The National Highways Authority of

India (NHAI) launched 'Project Aarohan'
to support the educational aspirations of
the children of toll plaza employees.
●The program, a
collaboration between
NHAI and Vertis
Infrastructure Trust, was
officially launched at the
NHAI Headquarters in
New Delhi.
5
NATIONAL
PM Narendra Modi inaugurated Asia's
widest six-lane bridge in Bihar.
●Modi inaugurated the new
six-lane Aunta-Simaria bridge, a
major infrastructure project set
to transform road connectivity
in Bihar.
● Built over the Ganga River on
National Highway 31.
● Length = 1.86 km
● Width = 34 metres

India’s first Make-in-India 1 MW Green

Hydrogen Plant was commissioned at
Kandla Port in Gujarat.
●Produce 140
tonnes annually
under Maritime
India Vision
2030.

Don’t be afraid to fail. It’s not the

end of the world, and in many ways,
it’s the first step toward learning
something and getting better at it.”
— Jon Hamm
 STATES
6

The Delhi Legislative Assembly became 100%

paperless and solar powered ahead of the
Monsoon Session with all legislative functions
conducted digitally.
●The transformation was
enabled by the National
e-Vidhan Application
(NeVA)
● The first state to apply
National e-Vidhan
Application (NeVA) =
Nagaland (2022)

Telangana topped the country in organ

donation rate for 2024 (4.88 pmp vs 0.8
pmp national ● The state’s Jeevandan

average).
programme received a
national award from Health
Minister J.P. Nadda.
● The National Organ and
Tissue Transplant
Organisation (NOTTO)
presented this award to
Telangana.

The “Apna Ghar” initiative provides resting

facilities for truck drivers along highways,
boosting road safety, and shelters for the
homeless in Uttar Pradesh.
●The Apna Ghar
initiative was
launched by the
ministry of
Petroleum and
natural gas.

Sikkim’s Chief Minister Prem Singh

Tamang launched Nari Adalat during
Aama Samman Diwas at Rangpo.

Rajasthan initiated India’s first drone-

based cloud seeding trial at Ramgarh
Dam, Jaipur.
●Cloud seeding = a
weather modification
technique that
disperses chemicals
into clouds to induce
rainfall.
 STATES
7

Mumbai hosted the 'Waterways to

Wonder: Unlocking Cruise Tourism'
conference. ●The event was
organized by the Mumbai
Port Authority in
collaboration with the
Inland Waterways
Authority of India (IWAI)
and the Indian Ports
Association (IPA).

Kerala has become the first state in India to

achieve 100% digital literacy.
●Kerala achieved 100% digital
literacy through its Digi
Keralam program, teaching
Q3. As per the Census 2011, over 21 lakh citizens essential
what was the overall literacy digital skills to access e-
services.
rate of India?
● It is also based on Kerala’s
Type something... ;) earlier, which made
Malappuram India’s first e-
literate district.

Punjab launched the ‘Baaj Akh’ anti-drone

system in border districts to curb cross-border
smuggling of drugs and weapons.
●Punjab also launched
India’s first anti-drug
curriculum in 3,658
schools under “Yudh
Nashian De Virudh”,
targeting 8 lakh
students.

The 2nd Global Spiritual Tourism Conclave was held in Ujjain,

Madhya Pradesh.
●Title = रूहmantic
●Organized by = PHD Chamber of
Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI)
with the Ministry of Tourism and the
Madhya Pradesh Tourism Board.
● Inaugurated by = CM of Madhya
Pradesh, Dr. Mohan Yadav, and the
Union Minister of Tourism and
Culture, Shri Gajendra Singh
Shekhawat.
8
INTERNATIONAL
Zimbabwe hosted COP15 of the Ramsar
Convention at Victoria Falls becoming the first
Southern African nation to host it and assuming
the COP presidency till 2028.
●Theme = Protecting
Wetlands for Our
[Link] which year did India Common Future
become a signatory to the Ramsar ● Ramsar Convention
Convention on Wetlands? signed = 2 February,
1971 at Ramsar, Iran
Type something... ;)

Moldova became the 107th member of the

International Solar Alliance (ISA).

ISA
●Jointly launched by India and France in 2015
at the Paris Climate Conference (COP-21).
●HQ = Gurugram, India
●Became a treaty-based intergovernmental
organization in December 2017 when the ISA
Framework Agreement entered into force.

India has been named the “Guest of

Honour” country at the 38th
Bogota International Book Fair
(FILBo), scheduled for April 21–May
4, 2026—a first for India in the fair’s
history.

Armenia and Azerbaijan signed a US-brokered

peace deal creating the TRIPP corridor,
reshaping South Caucasus geopolitics.
●Armenia also waived
citizenship fees for Nagorno-
Karabakh refugees, while
Azerbaijan faced criticism for
demolishing Armenian
cultural monuments.
● TRIPP = Trump Route for
International Peace and
Prosperity
 AWARDS
9

71st National Film Awards:-

Best Feature Film 12th Fail

Best Direction Sudipto Sen (The Kerala Story)

Shah Rukh Khan (Jawan),

Best Actor
Vikrant Massey (12th Fail)

Best Actress Rani Mukerji (Mrs. Chatterjee vs Norway)

Best Children's Film Naal 2 (Marathi)

Best Hindi Film Kathal: A Jackfruit Mystery

Best Film in AVGC (Animation, Visual

Hanu-Man (Telugu)
Effects, Gaming & Comic)

Best Feature Film Promoting National,

Sam Bahadur (Hindi)
Social and Environmental Values

Best Non-Feature Film Flowering Man

Best Documentary(Non-Feature) God Vulture and Human

Union Minister Nitin Gadkari honoured with

43rd Lokmanya Tilak National Award.
●The award was
started in 1983 by the
Tilak Smarak Mandir
Trust to honour the
legacy of freedom
fighter Lokmanya Bal
Gangadhar Tilak.
 AWARDS
10

The 8th edition of Pariksha Pe Charcha

2025 set a Guinness World Record with
3.53 crore registrations on MyGov in a
single month. ●Recognized as
the largest
citizen
engagement
event globally.

The Bibi Fatima Women’s Self-Help Group

from Karnataka won the UNDP Equator
Prize 2025 for pioneering millet-based
sustainable agriculture and women-led
climate resilience initiatives.
●Theme = Women and
Youth Leadership for
Nature-Based Climate
Action
● UNDP Equator Prize
2025, often called the
“Nobel Prize for
Biodiversity Conservation.

Neeraj Ghaywan's film "Homebound" won Best Film and Best

Director at the Indian Film Festival of Melbourne (IFFM) 2025.

Best Actor (Male) Abhishek Bachchan for I Want to Talk

Best Actor (Female) Geetha Kailasam for Angammal

Excellence in Cinema Award Aamir Khan

Best Series Black Warrant

The title of Miss Universe India

2025 won by Manika Vishwakarma
from Rajasthan.
●Miss Q5. Who was crowned as
the first Miss Universe from
Universe
India?
India 2024 =
Rhea Singha Type something... ;)
 AWARDS
11

Mohamed Salah, the Liverpool forward, has

won the 2025 PFA Players' Player of the
Year award.
●The winner of the
2025 PFA Women's
Players' Player of
the Year award =
Mariona Caldentey

The whole secret of a

successful life is to find out
what is one’s destiny to do,
and then do it.”
— Henry Ford
12
SPORTS
Indian long jumper Murali Sreeshankar
won gold at the Qosanov Memorial in
Kazakhstan with a jump of 7.94 m.
●Indian Open
Athletics
Meet, Pune –
8.05 m

Indian triple jumper Abdulla Aboobacker

clinched gold at the Qosanov Memorial in
Kazakhstan, with a best leap of 16.08 m.
●Narrowly
edging out
South Korea’s
Yu Gyumin
(16.07 m).

The Pataudi Trophy was renamed the

Anderson-Tendulkar Trophy for India-
England Test series.
●The inaugural series
ended 2–2, with Shubman
Gill (754 runs) as top
scorer.
● The inaugural five-
match Test series took
place from 20 June to 4
August 2025 in England

Magnus Carlsen (Team Liquid) won the Chess

Esports World Cup 2025 in Riyadh, Saudi Arab,
defeating Alireza Firouzja.
[Link] was the winner
●Esports World Cup of the PEN Pinter Prize
first edition = 2024
●Divya Deshmukh 2024?
claimed the FIDE
Women’s Chess World Type something... ;)
Cup 2025 in Batumi.

Lando Norris won the 2025 Hungarian Grand

Prix, securing McLaren’s 200th F1 victory.
●2 place = Oscar
nd

Piastri (McLaren)
●3 place =
rd

George Russell
(Mercedes)
13
SPORTS
Annu Rani clinched gold at the Wiesław Maniak
Memorial in Poland with a season-best 62.59 m
javelin throw.
●She holds the national
record of 63.82m (achieved
in 2022).
● She also won Gold in
women’s Javelin Throw at
Indian Open 2025 world
athletics continental tour
bronze meet.

12thWorld Games 2025:-

●Host City = Sichuan, China
●Dates = 7–17 August 2025
●SAMBO (martial art) joins as a full sport for the first time.
●China topped the overall medal tally (36 Gold).
●India finished 65th with 03 medals (01 Silver, 02 Bronze).
○Silver = Namrata Batra in Women’s Wushu (Sanda 52 kg) — India’s first-ever World
Games medal in wushu.
○Bronze = Rishabh Yadav in Men’s Individual Compound Archery and Anandkumar
Velkumar in Men’s 1,000 m Sprint.

Canadian Open 2025:-

Ben Shelton (USA)

Men’s Singles Champion
Runner up = Karen Khachanov (Russia)

Victoria Mboko (Canada)

Women’s Singles Champion
Runner up = Naomi Osaka

Cincinnati Open 2025:-

Men's Singles Carlos Alcaraz

Iga Świątek
Women's Singles
Defeating Jasmine Paolini
14
SPORTS
Asia Rugby U-20 Sevens Championship 2025:-
●Hosted = Bihar
●Mascot = Ashoka
●Men’s Final: Q7. OHow many players are
○Gold = Hong Kong (defeated Sri Lanka in the final) there in each team in a standard

○Bronze = Malaysia (beat China) game of Rugby Union?

●Women’s Final: Type something... ;)

○Gold = China (defeated Hong Kong)
○Silver = Hong Kong
○Bronze = India, who triumphed over Uzbekistan in a memorable match.
Asia U19 & U22 Boxing Championships 2025:-
●Held = Bangkok, Thailand
●U19 (Under-19) = India- 14 medals (3 gold, 7 silver and 4 bronze)
○Notable gold winners = Nisha (Women’s 54 kg), Muskan (Women’s 57 kg), and
Rahul Kundu (Men’s 75 kg).
●U22 (Under-22) = India- 13 medals (1 gold, 4 silver and 8 bronze)
○Gold = Ritika (Women’s 80+ kg)

Khelo India Water Sports Festival 2025:-

●Held = Dal Lake in Srinagar, J&K
●Mascot = Himalayan Kingfisher
●Medal Tally-
○1st = Madhya Pradesh [18 medals (10 gold, 3 silver, 5 bronze)]
○2nd = Odisha (10 medals)
○3rd = Kerala (7 medals)

Gulveer Singh reset the Indian men’s 3000m

national record to 7:34.49 at the Gyulai Istvan
Memorial Hungarian Athletics Grand Prix
2025 meet in Budapest, becoming the fifth-
fastest Asian in the distance.
●He is also the
National Record holder
in 5000m and 10,000m
events.
● Mathew Kipsang
(Kenya) won the race
with a timing of 7:33.23.
15
SPORTS
The Indian Olympic Association (IOA)
approved India’s bid to host the 2030
Commonwealth Games in Ahmedabad.

●India hosted the 19 th

Commonwealth Games only once

Q8. Who is the current
in 2010.
● Commonwealth Games 2022 = President of the Indian
Birmingham, UK Olympic Association (IOA)?
● Commonwealth Games 2026
=Glasgow Type something... ;)
● Mental health ambassador
appointed by International Olympic
Association = Abhinav Bindra

Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) defeated

Tottenham Hotspur to win the 2025 Union
of European Football Associations (UEFA)
Super Cup.
●Venue = Italy
●Player of the
Match =
Ousmane
Dembele

The Asia Open Short Track Speed Skating

Trophy 2025 was held for the first time in India,
taking place in Dehradun.

●Medal tally-
○1 = Thailand 30 medals (15
st

gold, 12 silver and 3 bronze)

○2 = India
nd

●Indian short track speed

skater Eklavya Jagal won
two bronze medals in the
500m and 1000m events.

Indian shuttler Devika Sihag won the women's

singles title at the Malaysia International
Challenge 2025 badminton tournament
●Defeated
Isharani
Baruah in the
final.
16
SPORTS
NorthEast United FC defended its title at the
134th Durand Cup 2025, defeating Diamond
Harbour FC with a commanding 6-1 victory in
the final.
●The Durand Cup is the
oldest football tournament in
Asia.
● Founded =1888 (in Shimla
by Sir Henry Mortimer
Durand)
● Sheffield F.C (Founded in
1857) is the world's oldest
football club.

India's star weightlifter Mirabai Chanu won a

gold medal at the 2025 Commonwealth
Weightlifting Championships.

Mirabai Chanu Q9. In which event did Mirabai

Chanu win a silver medal at the
●Lifted a total weight of 193 kg (48 kg weight Tokyo Olympics 2020?
category).
●Directly qualified for the 2026
Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Type something... ;)
●Won Padma Shri and Khel Ratna Award =
2018

India’s Ramesh Budihal won a bronze medal at

the Asian Surfing Championships 2025 in
Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu.
●India’s strong
performance secured
men’s and women’s
quota places for surfing
at the 2026 Asian Games.
● First edition = 2019
(Maldives)

The BCCI introduced the Bronco Test, a rugby-

style endurance test to enhance Team India’s
fitness.
●Announced by
Indian Cricket team
coach Gautam
Gambhir.
● The Yo-Yo test is
also related to
cricket.
17
APPOINTMENTS
Khalid Jamil was appointed as the head
coach of the Indian men's national football
team.
●Indian footballer [Link] which years did the
is often referred to Indian men’s national football
as the "Sikkimese team win the gold medal at the
Sniper" = Asian Games?
Bhaichung Bhutia Type something... ;)

Dr. A. Rajarajan assumed the position of

Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
(VSSC), taking over from Dr. S. Unnikrishnan
Nair.
●VSSC Location =
Thiruvananthapur
am, Kerala
● Established =
1963

S. Radha Chauhan became the full-time

Chairperson of the Capacity Building
Commission (CBC).
18
DEFENCE
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers
(GRSE) in Kolkata delivered the advanced
stealth frigate Himgiri (Yard 3022) to the
Indian Navy.
●Himgiri is the third ship
of the Nilgiri-class
frigates under Project
17A.
● The first and second
ships of Project 17A are
INS Nilgiri and INS
Udaygiri.

India received the 16th and final Airbus C-

295 military transport aircraft from
Spain. ●India is set to
acquire a total
of 56 C-295MW
aircraft.

The BSF initiated "Operation Alert" along

the India–Pakistan and India–Bangladesh
borders, enhancing 24×7 vigilance, patrols,
and surveillance to secure borders ahead of
Independence Day.
●Date = 11–
17 August
2025

Surya Dronathon 2025 held in Spiti Valley,

Himachal Pradesh organized by the Indian
Army’s Surya Command with the Drone
Federation of India.
●It is India’s highest-
altitude drone
challenge (10,700 ft)
to promote
indigenous drone
innovation under
Atmanirbhar Bharat.
19
DEFENCE
12th edition of Sri Lanka-India Joint Naval
Exercise SLINEX-25 Begins In Sri Lanka.
●Indian Navy is
participating in the
exercise with INS Rana, a Q11. The joint naval exercise
guided missile destroyer,
“Varuna” is conducted
and INS Jyoti, a fleet
tanker. between which two countries?
● Date = 14-18 August
2025 Type something... ;)

India has successfully test-fired its nuclear-

capable intermediate-range ballistic missile,
Agni-5.
●The test was
conducted from the
Integrated Test Range
in Chandipur, Odisha.
● It has a strike range
of over 5,000
kilometers.

The Defence Research and Development

Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted the
maiden flight test of the Integrated Air Defence
Weapon System (IADWS) off the coast of Odisha.
●The maiden
flight-tests of
IADWS was
conducted off the
coast of Odisha on
23 August 2025.

India, under “Horizon 2047”, partners with

France’s Safran in a ₹61,000 crore deal to
co-develop 120 kN AMCA jet engines.
●The joint project with
DRDO's Gas Turbine
Research Establishment
(GTRE) aims to design
and produce a 120-
kilonewton (kN) engine.
● AMCA = Advanced
Medium Combat Aircraft
20
DEFENCE
The Indian Army launched 'Samanvay
Shakti 2025', a 10-day military-civil
integration exercise.
●Aim = to boost
civil-military
coordination in
Assam and
Manipur.

The Ran Samvad Campaign, launched by

the Indian Army, aims to motivate border
youth for recruitment and spread awareness
about the Agnipath scheme, strengthening
civil–military connection.
21
SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY
ISRO, in partnership with the Muskaan
Foundation, has inaugurated a space
laboratory in the remote Mechuka district
of Arunachal Pradesh.

●Named = Pasang Wangchuk

Sona ISRO Space Laboratory
●Aim = to boost STEM
education and inspire students
in the region
● The 56th foundation day of
Q12. In which year was the
ISRO was celebrated on 15
August 2025. Indian Space Research
● Current Chairman of ISRO = V Organisation (ISRO) founded?
Narayana
Type something... ;)

NASA, using the James Webb Space Telescope

(JWST), has discovered a new, 29th moon
orbiting Uranus.
●The moon has
been provisionally
named S/2025 U 1.
● Most Satellites =
Saturn (274)
23
BOOKS
Retired Chief Justice of India D.Y.
Chandrachud has authored his first book,
Why the Constitution Matters.
●Justice Dhananjaya
Yeshwant
Chandrachud retired
in November 2024 as
the 50th Chief Justice
of India.

The book titled "The Weight Loss

Revolution" was authored by
prominent endocrinologist Dr.
Ambrish Mithal, along with co-
author Shivam Vij.
●Released by
Union Minister
Dr. Jitendra
Singh.

If you want to live a happy

life, tie it to a goal, not to
people or things.”
— Albert Einstein
24
SCHEMES
The Mukhya Mantri Nijut Moina Scheme
is an Assam government initiative
providing monthly financial aid (₹1,000–
₹2,500) to girls from HS to PG level to
promote education and prevent child
marriage. ● Aim = to benefit
around 10 lakh
girls by 2028, with
Phase 2 (2025–26)
covering 4 lakh
students.

Uttar Pradesh launched the Chevening–

Bharat Ratna Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Scholarship, sending meritorious students to
UK universities with full funding.
●Aim = to send five
meritorious students
from Uttar Pradesh
to study in top UK
universities each year
for three years

The Union Cabinet approved the MERITE

Scheme with an outlay of ₹4,200 crore to
modernize technical education under NEP
2020.
●MERITE =
Multidisciplinary
Education and
Research
Improvement in
Technical Education

The Shramshree scheme was launched

by the West Bengal government.
●Aim = to provide
financial and social
support to Bengali migrant
workers returning to West
Bengal, and to help them
find long-term
employment within the
state.
25
MISCELLANEOUS
The 56th meeting of the RBI’s Monetary
Policy Committee was held during which the
repo rate was retained at 5.50%.
●Cash Reserve Ratio
(CRR) = 4%
●Statutory Liquidity
Ratio (SLR) = 18%
●Standing Deposit
Facility (SDF) = 5.25%

Hyderabad’s Lokesh Machines became

the first private Indian company to
develop an indigenous 7.62×51mm belt-
fed medium machine gun.
●The MMG has been
developed in collaboration
with Armament Research
and Development
Establishment (ARDE),
Pune.
● It boasts an effective
range of 1800 meters.

Bengaluru emerged as India’s highest-ranked AI

city, placing 26th globally, recognized for its
innovation ecosystem and strength in AI R&D and
data centres.
●Singapore
topped the
AI City
Index.
Mangaluru (Mangalore) ranked as the
safest city in India, and 49th globally,
according to the Numbeo Safety Index
mid-2025 rankings.
●Abu Dhabi, UAE
has been ranked
the safest city in
the world securing
a score of 88.8.
26
MISCELLANEOUS
India ranks 41st among 69 countries in the
World Competitiveness Ranking 2025.
●1st = Switzerland
●World Competitiveness
Ranking (WCR) is released
by the International
Management Institute
(IMI), Geneva, Switzerland.

The Income-Tax Act, 1961 was replaced by the

Income-Tax Act, 2025, passed in Parliament
on 12 August 2025.
●Assessment Year (AY)
and Financial Year (FY)
will be known as Tax
Year.
● The old tax had 819
sections which is now
536 Sections.

The Sundarban Tiger Reserve (STR) (West

Bengal) became India’s second-largest tiger
reserve following a major expansion approved by
the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL).
●Total area = 3,629.57
square kilometers
●Largest Reserve =
Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam
Tiger Reserve (Andhra
IMD Smart City Index 2025:- Pradesh)

● Zurich, as the world’s smartest city,

○ Area = 3,728 square
kilometers

followed by Oslo and Geneva.

● Delhi (104th), Mumbai (106th), Hyderabad
(109th), and Bengaluru (110th).
Q15. Which organization
publishes the IMD Smart
●Singapore City Index?

topped the Type something... ;)

AI City
Index.
27
MISCELLANEOUS
ADR Report on Chief Ministers (2025):-
● Released by = Association for Democratic Reforms
(ADR)
● 40% CMs (12 of 30) face criminal cases.
● Richest CM = N. Chandrababu Naidu (Andhra
Pradesh)
○ 2nd = Pema Khandu (Arunachal Pradesh)
● Poorest CM = Mamata Banerjee (West Bengal)

President Droupadi Murmu gave assent to the

Online Gaming Bill 2025 banning money-based
online games.
●The law
promotes e-sports,
but violators face
up to 3 years jail
and heavy fines.

Tendong Lho Rum Faat Festival was celebrated

in Sikkim, marking prayers for protection against
natural calamities.
●Celebrated by
the Lepcha
community.
● It marks
gratitude to
Mount Tendong.

The Gai Jatra Festival, also known as the

“Festival of Cows”, is celebrated in Nepal.