Horvitz Thompson (HT) Estimator of Population Mean:
The unordered estimates have limited applicability as they lack
simplicity and the expressions the for estimators and their
variance becomes unmanageable when sample size is even
moderately large.
The HT estimate is simpler than other estimators.
Let N be the population size and yi , (i 1, 2,..., N ) be the value of
characteristic under study and a sample of size n is drawn by
WOR using arbitrary probability of selection at each draw.
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Horvitz Thompson (HT) Estimator of Population Mean:
Thus prior to each succeeding draw, there is defined a new
probability distribution for the units available at that draw. The
probability distribution at each draw may or may not depend
upon the initial probability at the first draw.
Define a random variable i (i 1, 2,.., N ) as
1 if Yi is included in a sample " s " of size n
i
0 otherwise.
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Horvitz Thompson (HT) Estimator of Population Mean:
nyi
Let zi , i 1...N assuming E ( i ) 0 for all i
NE ( i )
where
E ( i ) 1.P (Yi s ) 0.P (Yi s )
i
is the probability of including the unit i in the sample and is
called as inclusion probability.
The HT estimator of Y based on a sample y1 , y2 ,..., yn is
1 n 1 N
zn YˆHT zi i zi .
n i 1 n i 1
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