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Structural Analysis Class Notes: Forces & Formulas

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Structural Analysis Class Notes: Forces & Formulas

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Structural Analysis Class Notes

Fundamentals: definitions of internal forces (axial, shear, bending moment, torsion). For beams
loaded in the plane, bending moment M(x) and shear V(x) satisfy dM/dx = V and dV/dx = -q(x) (q
= distributed load).

Common boundary conditions: simply supported (reactions at supports), cantilever (fixed at one
end), built-in ends. Calculation methods: static equilibrium, superposition, singularity
functions, and matrix stiffness for indeterminate frames.

Reference notes and formulas. See also Purdue beam formulas and LibreTexts mechanics for diagrams.
Shear, Moment & Simple Formulas
Shear & Moment: for a simply supported beam with point load P at distance a from left end:
reactions Ra = P*b/L, Rb = P*a/L where b = L-a. Maximum bending moment under the load: M_max =
Ra * a = P*a*b/L. Bending stress: sigma = M*y/I.

Deflection: for simple cases use tabulated formulae; for general problems use double-
integration or matrix methods.

Useful resource: DA6-BeamFormulas (Purdue) and LibreTexts shear/moment diagrams.

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