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Conditional Sentences

7 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
CHAPTER

 tc ,d dk;Z dk gksuk nwljs dk;Z ds gksus ijdjs

fuHkZj
rc okD; conditional sentence dgykrk gSA
tSls% vki liQy gksaxs
c'krsZ
vki esgur djs rksA
You will succeed provided you work hard.
 Åij fn;s x;s okD; esa liQy gksuk dM+h esgur ij fuHkZj dj jgk gSA
 Conditional Sentences esa uhps fn, x;s dqN
'krZlwpd 'kCn
vo'; fn[krs gSA
1. vxj ................. rks 2. o'krZs 3. tSls gh
....................oSls gh
If ..................... , provided as soon as.................,
....................... no sooner.............than
4. tc ................... rc 5. tcrd ...................rc rd
when ............... , Unless.................. ,
Until..................... ,
Conditional Sentence ds nks Hkkx gksrs gSa&
1. If Clause
2. Main Clause
Conditional Sentences eq[;r%rhu izdkjds gksrs gSa&
A. 'If clause' in present tense.
B. 'If clause' in past tense.
C. 'If clause' in past perfect tense.
D. Other types of conditional sentences.
A. 'IF CLAUSE' IN PRESENT TENSE

General Formula— If + Simple Present, Simple Future

 ,sls Conditional Sentences esa'If Clause' Simple Present esagksrk gS vkSj
'Main Clause'
simple future esa gksrk gSA
vxj eSa fnYyh vkÅ¡xk rks vkils feyw¡xkA

tSls%If I will come


st
to Delhi
  , I
will meet you
  - (×)
I action IInd action

If I come to Delhi, I will meet you. ()

English – from Plinth to Paramount 127

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Conditional Sentences
 vxj nks dk;Z Hkfo"; esa ,d ds ckn gks
,d vkSj
nwljs dk;Z dk gksuk igys dk;Z ds gksus ij
djsfuHkZj
rks
igyk dk;Z Simple Present Tense esa gksxk nwljk
vkSjSimple Future Tense esa A
uhps fn, x;sa dqN mnkgj.k ns[ksa%&
1. She will come to meet you as soon as you will reach Delhi. (×)
She will come to meet you as soon as you reach Delhi. ()
2. If the government will become strict, corruption will surely finish. (×)
If the government becomes strict, corruption will surely finish. ()
3. I will help him provided he will mend his ways. (×)
I will help him provided he mends his ways. ()
4. Unless he will not take care of his health, he will not recover. (×)
Unless he takes care of his health, he will not recover. ()
5. There will be rush at the platform when the train will arrive. (×)
There will be rush at the platform when the train arrives. ()
 mijksDr okD;ksaIf okys
esa Hkkxwill/shall/would
esa dk iz;ksx udjsa &
uksV%
uhps fn;s x;s 'kCn ns[ks] buds rqjar will / shall dk iz;ksx ugha gksuk pkfg,A
sub +ckn
If, as soon as, provided, before, after, until, unless, in case, when, lest.
1. Unless or until ds lkFknot dk Hkh iz;ksx ugha
gksrkA (okD;
4 ns[ksa
)
2. Conditional Sentences esawhen ds ckn will/shall dk iz;ksx ughagksxkA (okD;
5 ns[ksa
)
 ysfdu vxj okD; [Link]% orZeku dk gks rksClause' Simple Present esa Hkh
'Main gks ldrk gSA
tSls%1. If it rains, the schools remain closed.
 vxj okD; laHkkouk dk gks'will'
rks ds LFkku ijmay/might dk iz;ksxgksxkA
tSls%1. If it rains, the students may not come for class.
2. If the fog remains, the plane may get late.
 vxj okD; vuqefr nsrk gks 'will'
rks ds LFkku ij'May' dk iz;ksxgks ldrk gSA
tSls%1. If you finish your work, you may go home.
 vxj okD; esa lykg@mins'k gks rksds LFkku ijshould/must dk iz;ksxdjsaA
'will'
tSls%1. If you want to remain healthy, you should exercise daily.
2. If you do not know him, you must not open the door.
 vxj okD; f'k"Vkpkj lacaf/r fuosnu dk gkscould,
rks may bR;kfn dk t:jrkuqlkj iz;ksxdjsaA
tSls%1. If you meet him, could you tell him to call me up?
2. If you come to Delhi, would you come to meet me?
 'If' clause eassimple present tense ds LFkku ijpresent continuous tense Hkh
vk ldrk
gSA
tSls%1. If you are waiting for the bus, you should better take a taxi.
2. If you are not reading the newspaper, you should let others read it.
128 English – from Plinth to Paramount

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Conditional Sentences
 'If' Clause esaPresent perfect tense dk Hkh iz;ksx
gks ldrk gSA
tSls%1. If you have finished the work, you may leave.
2. If they have bought tickets, they will surely go to see the movie.

PAST CONDITIONAL
B. 'IF' CLAUSE IN PAST TENSE

General Formula— If + Simple Past, Subject + would+ V1

tSls%If I had money, I would lend it to you.

 ,sls okD;'improbability' O;Dr djrs gSa ;kfu
'If clause' esa ftl dk;Z dk mYys[k gS og ughaAgqvk
 mijksDr okD;Ifesa
I had money ls ;s Li"V gS fd iSls ugha FksA
C. 'IF' CLAUSE IN PAST PERFECT TENSE

General Formula— If + Past Perfect, Sub + would + have + V3

tSls%If I had seen you, I would have stopped my car.

 ,sls okD; esa
'If clause' esa ftl dk;Z dk mYys[k gksrk gS ml dk;Z dk u gksuk n'kkZ;k
'If Itkrk
hadgSA ;kfu
seen you' ls rkRi;Z gS fd 'I had not seen you.'
 ,sls okD;ksa
sa'If'edks 'had' ls replace fd;k tk ldrk g SA rcFormula gksxk&
Had + Subject + V3 + obj, Subject + would + have + V3

tSls%Had I seen you, I would have stopped my car.

THREE IMPORTANT FORMULAE

 If + Present Indefinite , Simple Future

 If + S + had + V3 , S + would + have + V3

 If + S + V2 , S + would + V1

D. OTHER TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

(i) dkYifd in
General Formula— If + subject + were, subject + would + V1

tSls%If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.

English – from Plinth to Paramount 129

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Conditional Sentences
 dkYifud in (Post) ds fy, lHkh subjects ds lkFk'were' dk iz;ksxfd;k tkrk gSA
uhps fn, x;s 'kCnksa ds lkFkdk iz;ksx
'was' ughagksrk gSA
If, as though, in case, as if, would that ,oa I wish.
Ex. He scolded me as if he was my father. (×)
He scolded me as if he were my father.()
(ii) 'If' Clause eas ge'Unless' so long, as soon as, when, provided, suppose, in case, but
, for bR;kfn dk Hkh iz;ksx ldrs
dj gaSA
tSls%(1) Unless you work hard, you will not pass.
uksV%
Unless ds lkFk'not' dk iz;ksx ugha gksrk
AUnless you work hard ls gekjk rkRi;Z'IfgSyou do
not work hard.' ;kfu 'Unless + affirmative = If + negative.
2. I shall support him so long as I am alive.
3. As soon as the train comes, there will be rush for seats.
4. When he comes to Delhi, I will go to meet him.

SPOTTING THE ERROR

1. (a) If he came to me / (b) I would have given/ (c) him my car. / (d) No error
2. (a) Had he invited me / (b) I would have attended / (c) the function. / (d) No error
3. (a) If he had called me up (b) I would inform/ (c) him ./ (d) No error
4. (a) If he will work hard / (b)/ he will surely / (c) get the job of his choice. / (d) No
error
5. (a) Unless I do not / (b) see his ticket, / (c) I will not let him sit here. / (d) No error
6. (a) Before the police will come / (b) You should better / (c) get the anticipatory bail.
/ (d) No error
7. (a) We will come to know the truth / (b) after / (c) the investigation finished. / (d)
No error
8. (a) Until the train will not get the signal , (b) it will not / (c) leave the platform. / (d)
No error
9. (a) If I had money/ (b) I will have lent / (c) it to her. / (d) No error
10. (a) If I was you/ (b) I would not tolerate him / (c) for a moment. / (d) No error
11. (a) Suppose she does not agree/ (b)what could/ (c) we do ? / (d) No error
12. (a) Supposing if you do not reach / (b) the station in time,/ (c) what will you do? / (d)
No error
13. (a) If you saw a tiger / (b) what will your / (c) reaction be?/ (d) No error
14. (a) If I had two houses, / (b) I would have given / (c) one to you./ (d) No error
15. (a) If we will heat dry ice / (b) it turns / (c) to vapour. / (d) No error
16. (a) "Suppose if you are / (b) late, you will be / (c) in trouble." / (d) No error.

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Conditional Sentences
17. (a) Unless / (b) he will not understand the concept/ (c) he will not be able to solve the
questions. / (d) No error
18. (a) If he tried again,/ (b) he can pass the exam/ (c) with flying colours. / (d) No error
19. (a) I will wait for you / (b) unless / (c) you come. / (d) No error
20. (a) If I was you / (b) I would teach/ (c) him a lesson. / (d) No error
21. (a) If I were the Prime Minister of India / (b) I will work for the / (c) welfare of the
poor. / (d) No error
22. (a) If she would have come to me / (b) I would have given her the / (c) money she
needed / (d) No error
23. (a) If he drove fast/ (b) he can reach the station / (c) in time / (d) No error
24. (a) If I was a millionaire/ (b) I would support / (c) the millinium project / (d) No
error
25. (a) If both of you stood / (b) on the table/ (c) it would have broken/ (d) No error
26. (a) If she would have worked hard , / (b) she would / (c) have passed. / (d) No error
27. (a) If you had seen me, / (b) you should have stopped your car / (c) and come to help
me. / (d) No error
28. (a) If the Government will make strict law/ (b) the law and order situation / (c) will
improve. / (d) No error
29. (a) But for his help / (b) the patient would / (c) have died. / (d) No error
30. (a) But for his prompt action / (b) many people would/ (c) have lost their savings. /
(d) No error
31. (a) I will not come / (b) in case / (c) it will rain. / (d) No error
32. (a) Had the river overflown its bank,/ (b) flood would / (c) have come. / (d) No error
33. (a) Had I known him, / (b) I would allow him / (c) to enter my house. / (d) No error
34. (a) You will not get well / (b) unless you will not / (c) follow the doctor's instructions.
/ (d) No error
35. (a) Supposing if he refuses / (b) to meet you, / (c) what will you do? / (d) No error
36. (a) I shall take you for a long drive /(b) after you /(c) will return from the meeting.
/ (d) No error
37. (a) When you complete your service / (b) you will be / (c) retired on pension / (d) No
error
38. (a) Were she I, / (b) she will not allow/ (c) you to go anywhere at this time of crisis./
(d) No error
39. (a) I told her when / (b) she came to Delhi,/ (c) I would show her all historical
monuments. / (d) No error
40. (a) You can scale this high peak, / (b) provided you/ (c) will wear the right kind of
shoes. / (d) No error
41. (a) Had you / (b) worked hard/ (c) you will have passed./ (d) No error
42. (a) When I shall see him/ (b) I shall/ (c) tell him/ (d) No error.
43. (a) He will tell you/ (b) about it when/ (c) he will come back/ (d) No error.
44. (a) When I will get back/ (b) I shall pay back/ (c) the money that I borrowed/ (d) from
you last month
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Conditional Sentences
45. (a) I will/ (b) meet him/ (c) when he will come./ (d) No error.
46. (a) Had I realized/ (b) your house was such a long way off, / (c) I would take a taxi./
(d) No error.

Answers with Explanation

1. (a); ‘If he had come’ dk iz;ksx djsaA
2. (d);
3. (b); ‘I would have informed’ dk iz;ksx djsaA vxj ‘if cluase’ sub + had + v3 gks rks main
clause 'sub + would + have + v3' esa gksuk pkfg,A
4. (a); ‘If he works hard’ dk iz;ksx djsaA ‘If clause’ esawill ugha vkrk gSA
5. (a); ‘do not’ gVk nsaA
‘Unless ds lkFk'not' dk iz;ksx ugha gksrk gSA
6. (a); ‘Before the police come’ dk iz;ksx djsaA ‘Before’ ds ckn'will/ shall' dk iz;ksx xyr gSA
7. (c); ‘the investigation has finished’ dk iz;ksx djsaA
8. (a); ‘Until the train gets’ dk iz;ksx djsaA ‘Until’ ds lkFk'not' dk iz;ksx ugha gksrkA
9. (b); ‘will have lent’ dks‘would lend’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA 'If clause' past tense esa gSA vr%'main
clause' Hkh past tense esa gksxkA
10. (a); ‘If I were you’ dk iz;ksx djsaA
‘If clause’ esa 'was' dk iz;ksx ugha gksrk gSA dkYifud okD;ksa esa lHkh
'subjects' ds lkFk'were' dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA
11. (b); ‘could’ dks‘can’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA'If clause' present tense esa gSA vr% main clause Hkh
present tense esa gksxkA
12. (a); ‘Supposing’ ,oa ‘if’ dk iz;ksx ,d lkFk u djsaA nksuksa dk vFkZ ,d gSA
13. (b); ‘will’ dks‘would’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA (iz'u 9 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
14. (b); ‘I would give’ dk iz;ksx djsaA (iz'u 1 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
15. (a); ‘will’ gVk nsaA (iz'u 4 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
16. (a); ‘Supposing’ ,oa ‘if’ dk iz;ksx ,d lkFk u djsaA nksuksa dk vFkZ ,d gSA
17. (b); ‘he understands’ dk iz;ksx djsaA (iz'u 5 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
18. (b); ‘Can’ dks‘Could’ esa ifjofrZr djsa D;ksafd'If clause' past tense esa gSA
19. (b); ‘Unless’ dks‘Until’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA'Until' ^le; lwpd* gksrk gS vkSj 'Unless' ^'krZ lwpd*A
20. (a); ‘Was’ ds LFkku ‘were’
ij dk iz;ksx djsaA (iz'u 10 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
21. (b); ‘Will’ dks‘would’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA (iz'u 9 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
22. (a); ‘If she had come to me’ lgh iz;ksx gksxkA
Formula  If + Sub + had + V3 , Sub . + would + have + V3
23. (b); ‘Can’ dks‘Could’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA
24. (a); ‘Was’ dks‘were’ esa ifjofrZr djsaA (iz'u 10 dh O;k[;k ns[ksa)
25. (c); ‘it would break’ dk iz;ksx djsaA
Formula  If + Sub + V2 , Sub . + would + V1

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