1.
4 - RESPIRATION
Part A: Match the words with their meanings:
1. Respiration a. A sugar that is the main fuel for cells
b. A chemical process in cells that
2. Glucose
releases energy
3. Aerobic c. Power used for movement, warmth,
and life processes
4. Mitochondria d. Process that needs oxygen
e. Part of a cell where respiration
5. Energy
happens
Fill in the blanks (mitochondria, glucose, aerobic, respiration, energy):
1. The process of releasing __________ from food inside cells is called __________.
2. The sugar used in respiration is called __________.
3. Respiration that uses oxygen is called __________ respiration.
4. This process happens inside the __________ of cells.
Part B: Fill in the blanks
1. The word equation for aerobic respiration is: __________ + oxygen → carbon
dioxide + __________ + energy.
2. Respiration happens inside the __________ of cells.
3. Energy from respiration is used for __________ and __________.
4. The process that does not use oxygen is called __________ respiration.
5. Heat is produced during respiration to keep the body __________.
Part C: Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of these is NOT needed for respiration?
a) Oxygen b) Glucose c) Carbon dioxide d) Mitochondria
2. Which of these is NOT a product of aerobic respiration?
a) Water b) Energy c) Oxygen d) Carbon dioxide
3. Why is energy important in the body?
a) To make food b) For movement and warmth
c) To store oxygen d) To remove plasma
4. Where does respiration happen?
a) Lungs b) Blood c) Mitochondria d) Plasma
5. Which statement is correct?
a) Respiration happens in the lungs
b) Respiration releases energy from glucose
c) Respiration only happens during breathing
d) Respiration produces glucose
6. Which of these best describes respiration?
a) Movement of air in and out of the lungs
b) A chemical process that releases energy from glucose
c) Transport of oxygen in the blood
d) Digestion of food
7. Which part of a cell uses oxygen to release energy?
a) Nucleus b) Chloroplast c) Mitochondria d) Ribosome
8. Which of these is TRUE about energy from respiration?
a) It is only used in muscles
b) It is used for all life processes
c) It is stored in plasma
d) It is only produced during exercise
9. Which of these is NOT a use of energy in the body?
a) Growth b) Nerve impulses c) Breathing d) Respiration
10. Which word completes this equation: glucose + oxygen → __________ + water +
energy
a) Oxygen b) Carbon dioxide c) Haemoglobin d) Plasma
1.5 - BLOOD
Part A: Match the words with their meanings:
1. Plasma a) Protein that carries oxygen in blood
2. Haemoglobin b) The liquid part of blood
c) Cells that fight pathogens
3. Red blood cells
d) Chemicals made by WBC to kill
4. White blood cells pathogens
5. Antibodies e) Cells that carry oxygen
Fill in the blanks (Word Bank: plasma, haemoglobin, antibodies, pathogens, red
blood cells):
1. The liquid part of blood is called __________.
2. __________ carry oxygen around the body.
3. The pigment inside them is called __________.
4. White blood cells make __________ to fight diseases.
5. Microorganisms that cause illness are called __________.
Part B: Fill in the blanks
1. The main function of __________ is to transport oxygen.
2. White blood cells protect the body by destroying __________.
3. __________ carries glucose, hormones, and CO₂.
4. Platelets help the blood to __________.
5. The red pigment in RBC is called __________.
6. White blood cells destroy pathogens by __________.
7. The component of blood that transports hormones is __________.
Part C: Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which part of blood carries oxygen?
a) Plasma b) Red blood cells c) White blood cells d) Platelets
2. Which part of blood fights infection?
a) Plasma b) Red blood cells
c) White blood cells d) Haemoglobin
3. What is haemoglobin?
a) A protein that carries oxygen b) A sugar used in respiration
c) A type of white blood cell d) A gas in blood
4. What do antibodies do?
a) Carry oxygen b) Destroy pathogens
c) Produce plasma d) Make red blood cells
5. Which part of blood is mainly water?
a) Plasma b) Platelets
c) Haemoglobin d) Red blood cells
6. Which part of blood helps to clot wounds?
a) Plasma b) Platelets
c) White blood cells d) Red blood cells
7. What do red blood cells NOT have?
a) Haemoglobin b) Nucleus
c) Cytoplasm d) Cell membrane
8. Which part of blood carries carbon dioxide?
a) White blood cells b) Plasma
c) Platelets d) Haemoglobin
9. Which of these is NOT a component of blood?
a) Plasma b) Red blood cells
c) Neurons d) White blood cells
10. What is the function of plasma?
a) Carry oxygen b) Fight infection
c) Carry dissolved substances d) Help blood to clot
Review Questions – The Human Respiratory System
1. Which of the following is the correct order of air flow into the body?
a) Nose → Bronchioles → Trachea → Air sacs
b) Nose → Trachea → Bronchus → Bronchioles → Air sacs
c) Mouth → Larynx → Bronchioles → Air sacs → Trachea
d) Nose → Air sacs → Bronchi → Trachea
2. What is the function of the trachea and why does it have rings of cartilage?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3. True/False
Respiration only happens inside the lungs.
4. Fill in the blank
Aerobic respiration happens in all living cells and needs ________. It produces
________ as a waste product.
5. Where does the actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place?
a) Trachea b) Bronchioles
c) Air sacs (alveoli) d) Larynx
6. What happens in the larynx when you hum or speak?
7. Match the part with its function:
• Trachea a) Smallest tubes carrying air inside
the lungs
• Bronchi
b) Tubes leading air into each lung
• Bronchioles c) Where gas exchange happens
d) Main tube carrying air to lungs
• Air sacs
8. What waste gas is produced during aerobic respiration, and how does the
body get rid of it?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
9. True/False
The diaphragm helps move air into and out of the lungs.
10. Application Question
Explain in your own words why oxygen is important for our cells.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Gas Exchange – Multiple Choice Questions
1. What is an air sac and where is it found?
a) A small blood vessel in the heart
b) A tiny hole in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
c) A type of muscle in the lungs
d) A cavity inside the rib cage
2. What is another name for an air sac?
a) Alveolus
b) Capillary
c) Bronchus
d) Haemoglobin
3. Why are there many tiny holes in the lungs instead of a few large ones?
a) To store more oxygen
b) To increase the surface area for gas exchange
c) To make the lungs lighter
d) To allow blood to flow easily
4. What surrounds the air sacs?
a) Muscle fibers
b) Capillaries
c) Bronchioles
d) Ligaments
5. What is the function of capillaries around the air sacs?
a) To bring oxygen directly into the lungs
b) To carry blood close to the air sacs for gas exchange
c) To produce carbon dioxide
d) To keep the lungs inflated
6. Which gases are exchanged in the lungs?
a) Oxygen and nitrogen
b) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
c) Carbon dioxide and nitrogen
d) Hydrogen and oxygen
7. What is the process called when gases move between the air sacs and the
blood?
a) Circulation
b) Diffusion
c) Respiration
d) Filtration
8. Why does oxygen move from the air sac into the blood?
a) Because blood cells pull oxygen in
b) Because oxygen is heavier than carbon dioxide
c) Because there is a higher concentration of oxygen in the air sac than in the blood
d) Because the heart pumps oxygen into the blood
9. What happens to oxygen once it enters the blood?
a) It floats freely in the plasma
b) It dissolves and combines with haemoglobin in red blood cells
c) It changes into carbon dioxide
d) It stays inside the capillaries
10. Why does carbon dioxide move from the blood into the air sac?
a) Because it is heavier than oxygen
b) Because there is more carbon dioxide in the blood than in the air sac
c) Because the lungs pump it out
d) Because air sacs produce carbon dioxide
Practice Revision Test
Name: ____________________ Date: ____________
Part A. Multiple choice
1. Which part of blood carries oxygen?
a) Platelets b) Plasma c) Red blood cells d) White blood cells
2. Which blood cells defend the body against pathogens?
a) Red blood cells b) Platelets c) White blood cells d) Plasma
3. The main function of plasma is:
a) To transport nutrients and waste
b) To carry oxygen
c) To help in blood clotting
d) To destroy bacteria
4. Which organ contains alveoli?
a) Heart b) Kidneys c) Lungs d) Stomach
5. Gas exchange in humans involves:
a) Oxygen moving into the blood and carbon dioxide moving out
b) Oxygen moving out of the blood and carbon dioxide moving in
c) Glucose moving into the blood
d) Water moving into the blood
6. Which part of the cell is the site of aerobic respiration?
a) Nucleus b) Mitochondrion c) Cytoplasm d) Cell membrane
7. Which of these is the correct word equation for aerobic respiration?
a) oxygen + water → glucose + carbon dioxide
b) glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
c) carbon dioxide + glucose → oxygen + water
d) glucose + water → carbon dioxide + oxygen
8. What happens to the diaphragm when you breathe in?
a) Relaxes and moves up b) Contracts and moves down
c) Contracts and moves up d) Relaxes and moves down
9. Which muscles between the ribs help in breathing?
a) Biceps b) Intercostal muscles c) Triceps d) Cardiac muscles
10. Which gas do you exhale more of compared to inhaled air?
a) Oxygen b) Carbon dioxide c) Nitrogen d) Helium
Part B. Fill in the blanks (5 questions, 1 mark each)
1. Red blood cells contain a red pigment called __________ that carries oxygen.
2. White blood cells fight against __________ such as bacteria and viruses.
3. Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange happens are called __________.
4. Platelets help the blood to __________ when you get a cut.
5. The process that releases energy in cells is called __________.
Part C. Short answer (5 questions, 2 marks each)
1. State two differences between red blood cells and white blood cells.
2. Explain why respiration is important for living organisms.
3. Why do athletes breathe faster and deeper during exercise?
4. State two substances transported by plasma.
5. Explain one limitation of using a bell jar model to represent human breathing.
Part D. Labelling task (5 marks)
The diagram shows part of the human respiratory system. Label the parts A–E.