TRANS FoRMERS Modul- y
A a Statie elechtal devfe ) olich
Taaujormen one elechical ieutt
trans<ers clechieat poeA 0mnagaHaly Coupled tegelie
to the other, olich
voltage and ofliout
Chauqe 9
în pokoe 'aud
aud heayueny
any chauge
-’ he baute e y a taujor men fs to ?ucrea
Or decrease ac voHage
2s sed to inerease the Vottage,
astep-up rausormen.
s used to decrease
Ihe
Voitage
slep-dowon transjormn: s called one b
fS not Chauged
, #
?
> Be voltag
One trongormer "
Pteneple apuatas
tranjomen Kooxs onlu pieupe
phage
Astugle Rnduetor
murtal bet0eeu to nngutftaly
Coupled- Cof
Con shuetHou' 2Core
--
12
Primarg T
E N Vl Load
Setondany+
Aotndag
’A stauglk phase tausjormn ata y
and
fr) Coye
heu
above .
Mode (ppea aud possen a
1he oidhug Yestslaunce
Small
lolelu is canuected to a
the rdfg and be ofudtng
$S Called
he load is ca ed
tl Se torday
es connected to
has N, huns and seondary
pilory
has N) tuns
N
39licou steel ohcu
’ he Core ps nade
ha a velathve peimeab:ilg avd koco hystests
Coytii eut
he lore Pe (auana te d to 1edue eddy
bocses
Pinciple
phar
vuctho lotoeeu too
priniple
Coupld cou
’ Kohen fs conu ected
páaany
to an ateunatiug Vo Hage Yms value oj V Voli,
atteunatg Currnt flous laouglw ie priay
Qud
te nateal
sets up u
COre
ateunatog
’ has ateanatag ttox , Bues not ouly he
but alo tae Secouday otudtug
u emy e is
’ thengoe,
and an eny
oadtug
Secondany
e and e are g°veu by,
-N de
y=-N, d and dt
dt
e
N
N, tranyormahau ratio te
trauyoren;
’ hen a toad eursuot Connected to Itie
a eurreut T lous aough
the oad V s tu tem? ual vetnge
acosS
he load
As Ihe poweu trans<end from tee poany ktrng
to tae Secovdany Pudlng
pouoer uput to Ite
Output rom
from laehe Seconday
EME a trauJormea:
ohen an a tenahg vo ltage
t pímary of vdtug
ts appled to te trajome,
the attenathug Current louotng hinugl
pimary kodg frodue es a Heumatg
an tox
aud te
oluch lRne bot he prtan
Secoudayotudtng
tlence an emY
Ofndlng and an eny
Seonday
The cajuaiou or e, 1s. e - -Nyd¢
dt
S Sfuusodal
pplie
a d Vottage
As the pnmay dnves and lte reou Hing
fu nature ) he
natre ciurrent
Jux podueed r auo Suus oidal
3
The cajuatiou
Substihtig
- O NI n cos KOt
-Q1f N, dm cossot
ndlued
animum
tence he
9S )
prinay
The ms Value e he em
thts s Ihe eqjua tion yor Ihe Tms va lue te
ony foduced nthe primay oachug
he
Va lu q he emy ndueed Gn
Smi larly , he Yms Valu
Sttou davy Klndltng s grvn by
Drvidiug y by 3 kx get
kN2 k=
koses tn a ran slomo
A aa Atahe ppasali aud does
LAan<ormen
coutain auy oBating parlt, hcnte theu au
not losces).
Mechaul cal locses (ie feetion d a
no
The kosse ltat tn a trausomen
) Dron oss
a) Copper Logs
) Irou koss ( o) as Ihe core loss os
auo catled
Thes ncs
océurs, Pn . It fron Core
hes loss
Dron locs es ey thoo ype
eneats loss (Oh)
y thyst koss Cw)
currest
2) Eddy Current
9 Hystereats koss: ohen anan ateunating
ouss togh ofudimgs , he core inatetal
proeeM g magutsatiou and
(idengoes cyclte powee loss, oueeu
denuagutsation. hts
On. hts lcwses
so te Jom o heat and is calted
s dssipaled
hystenests loss.
thystenèsts koss, o, = KA Brar fV
chee Bmax : maxfton densil, Volame to Coe
feoyueny V.
Constant
tysteresis Loss depeudi
Supr'y tegucuy mateiah a
yront Aoss:- Fenowagutie soltd
current
core Made
abo eovdueloys o lectteilg . A
goo coudeolös
short cA cui bd
from suoh ateaials cousttuls
leugtu Edly
Ecby curreut
tuns thiouglhout th eutthe Thee curreult
cihceulatt
esutt în Onnecenay ta g
be qyuit kigl CurYCut los
ud loss o. ponee he cddy
Ithe COre
Constant
oher Ke laina hou.
t= thickues
Hhystonests loss cau be Mtuimtse d by selcg
haufg
matenial or tio core. hautig
Suitable feronagne tie Kh such s
hystenests coeffeieut
Couo Va luu g
Sglicon steel
Cau be Muinised lautatng
Crreut loss
[Link] thtn sheeli and fneulatd pom
the
anolle
Iron loss = cureut koss + tysteesis locs
tHeue
K,
2
Brmy fEV oaltr
Kh Bmaxf Vt
s Secu lhat Ihe
From th aboue qjuy
ou Bnax and
fAou loss fn the traufomen depeuds
9juautihes ane Constauts. As
f , as olhe
remau confant
contant , Brnax
as Ihe app lied vo Hage f8ou los 9
and t remainA contaut
heryore
cowutdeud to be cotaut locs
te traujovmea A no load
t a toads neludtg
Wou):I occurs due t le ohne
8) Coppu loss (
and seconday hing.
Yesfsteuute bolu pinay reststauees
Aet R aud Re au
aud Secouday CurreulE,
pruary aud secoudany
+1 R Kallt
J'R,
Then total coppen loss
- (R+R)
=12 Ro
Ros =1,(R: +e')
-1,?
frud lat he Coppen
From te aboe Eqn
as the 3qjuae
tte troyormen )
Vany
22 whteh
Vay hotltk load
te cunreut I L aud I2, is a Vatable
Hene coppen toss 9 he tovmen
tocs
lyon loss t Coppen loss
Totat koss n traormen
5
Efiieuty
the cHeeny
traus<omer
4 a tront fomen at any load and
rato the utput power
deqtd
tie fnput pocek
Output poAeL
Input pOee
Output pOsOeL
output ponou t kosses
Otput p0n0eL V I, cos
coPPer loss
Loss es en kos t
any toad and Pf
Ex pressiou yor lhe ctticierny at
O;=Iron los
qiuen by load
Leu = fulCopper lass
NxKVA XI0oo X P
Wccu
x KUA XI000 x Pf + ko; + 7
» fraciou load
Iohee Y2
l; for half load, =
foy fulu load,
of transormers.
ype o Conshuetion ued,
he
Pepndng
he tranormes
upon
Qre clazsified ab too caBegortes
1) core lype
a) sheu tye
Con type. anyorm:
Secondary
ptwany Otading
) to th1s ype o taulormn y hete cOre
SuTroUvd a cou toleable past o
aud Ihe Seondasy
3) the pf mary aOVnd the tuoo lebs
e hoOUnd
ofvng
a reclangulay aguelte Ore
Eachltub carres One halh te prtuany
and one hat y he Seeonday ohdig
KOfuding reduee he aagtleHa learaqe
Yeaclan
ae
3) 1he Cols ued re formen OoUud
aafe .cyltnditoal hape he cotu may be. Cireular
redangul ar oval
anl led to hand le
4) core ype tanyome
louo and medium volagea
shel typc tansformet
(ore
VI
V2
Liub
SuoUnds
transtormen ) he Core
In thes ype
consideuable portiou Ihe
a) the Primavy avd Se conday
On lhe Ceutral
-fovmed kooUd khtel
htch au
3) The Coile ave OOUd in Ihe fonm
mutilaye Ate type aaly Such mult. ayes
dibt layes
uent tayes y
euent o
pancakes 7he
7he dih
fo cach lheo by pape
dises au Pnsula fed
tansfone's tted jor
u) shel! ype
Veny