Module 5
Lead-in p.71
5A Global issues
Reading 1 p.72
They help to deplete the world’s resources.
1C 2A 3D 4B 5B 6C
Vocabulary p.74
1 consume 2 surplus 3 scarce 4 triggered 5 compensate for 6
disposed of
1c 2d 3b 4a 5f 6e
1 c/d 2e 3b 4c 5a
1c 2e 3b 4f 5d 6a
Laura: pollution; Will: climate change; Nicola: food resources
1 emit 2 fumes 3 pollutes 4 build-up 5 global 6 triggers/gives rise to
7 drought 8 rising 9 pesticides/chemicals 10 organic 11 produce/crops
1 emission 2 consumption 3 destruction 4 disposal 5 poisonous 6
excessively
Use of English 1 p.75
By feeling the shocks from an imminent tsunami.
1C 2A 3B 4A 5B 6D 7D 8B
1 unaware of what … unconscious of what … ignorant of what … 5 the other
verbs would require from
Listening 1 p.76
1 1998 2 vitamins 3 climate change 4 agriculture 5 diseases 6
urban parks 7 memory 8 (air) pollution
Language development 1 p.77
1 to emphasise the adjective 2 very, incredibly, really 3 absolutely only goes
with ‘ungradable’ (or extreme) adjectives
completely/rather/really/totally/very different;
bitterly/extremely/incredibly/rather/really/very disappointed;
extremely/incredibly/rather/really/very excited; absolutely/completely/totally/virtually
empty; extremely/incredibly/rather/really/very expensive;
absolutely/completely/totally/virtually perfect;
completely/extremely/incredibly/rather/really/ totally/very quiet;
extremely/incredibly/rather/really/very relieved;
absolutely/completely/extremely/incredibly/really/ totally/virtually unspoilt
Example answers:
1 extremely/incredibly/really/very excited
2 completely/extremely/incredibly/totally/virtually unspoilt
3 extremely/incredibly/really/very quiet
4 completely/totally/virtually empty
5 absolutely/totally perfect
6 bitterly/extremely/really/very disappointed
7 completely/rather/very different
8 extremely/incredibly/really/very expensive
9 extremely/incredibly/rather/really/very relieved
1B 2A 3C 4B 5C 6A 7C 8B 9B 10 A
Writing 1 p.78
2 Topic sentences: However, it is clearly crucial …; It would be a pity if tourist
numbers …; Equally, there must be …
Supporting: This would be the responsibility of …; The main impact of this …; An
example of this …
Possible answers: quality of life, crime, congestion, pollution, noise, pressure on
natural resources
1e 2b 3a 4c 5d
Possible additional ideas: local cultures can be negatively impacted by tourism if
traditional rituals become more a form of entertainment for visitors; the quality of life
could be negatively impacted if tourism results in a rise in traffic and in turn emissions,
noise, health problems, etc.
5B An open society?
Listening 2 p.79
1B 2A 3D 4C 5B 6A
Speaking p.80
alarm system; biometric; body scans; CCTV cameras; code number; high fencing;
phone tap; pilotless planes; security guards; spy satellites; swipe card
1 high fencing 2 alarm system 3 CCTV cameras 4 security guards 5
swipe card 6 code number 7 biometric 8 spy satellites 9 pilotless
planes 10 phone tap 11 body scans
They must talk for about 2 minutes about the advantages and disadvantages of the
security measures shown in the spidergram.
They do what they were asked. Student B is better at turn taking, responding to what
Student A is saying and asking questions. Student A tends to dominate the discussion,
cuts Student B off and does not invite responses.
1 nearly as invasive 2 anywhere near enough 3 far the best way 4 The
more … the more … 5 more and more 6 not nearly as effective 7 lower and
lower 8 best … of all 9 far too expensive
Language development 2 p.82
1 second 2 third 3 zero 4 first
1 carry on, could 2 reports, might start 3 ’d known, wouldn’t have said 4 is,
won’t 5 ’d managed, could have got 6 knew, ’d tell
1 2nd conditional (had) for now + 3rd conditional for past 2 3rd conditional for past
+ 2nd conditional for now 3 3rd conditional for past + 2nd conditional for general
truth 4 2nd conditional for now + 3rd conditional for past
1 had been, would still govern/be governing 2 did, wouldn’t have been sued 3
wouldn’t have got, were always/had always been 4 hadn’t written, would still be
living
1 Unless we give … 2 People don’t/won’t read … unless they can identify 3…
whether they are sometimes proved wrong or not/whether or not they are sometimes …
4 But for the pressure from my editor, I would have taken more time over the story.
5 I’ll give you an interview on condition that I can check … 6 … good pictures,
otherwise it won’t have … 7 good reputation, provided that it cleans up … 8…
other media, as long as they can be …
The three sentences given progress in formality: the first is a standard zero conditional,
the second introduces should, which makes it seem more hypothetical and therefore
polite, the third uses inversion and omits if, which has the effect of making the sentence
both more complex and more formal.
1 If anyone objected/were to object … 2 If I had realised … 3 If it hadn’t been
for his help …
1 Had I known my … was going to be so … 2 Were it not for the fact that my/our …
were present, ... /Had my/our … not been present, ... 3 Should you need any …
4 Were he/she my son/sister/friend, …
Reading and Use of English p.83
Mark Zuckerberg and the creation of Facebook.
1 A (... lead actor as complex and ambiguous; Zuckerberg’s self-confidence is
impressive, amusing, yet extraordinarily hostile)
2 D (Sorkin’s fast-paced chatter is relentless, making it a struggle at times ... to follow)
3 C (Fincher has modified his usually distinctive style)
4 C (The film has as its focal point the bitter legal dispute as to who gets the credit for
Facebook’s start-up)
Writing 2 p.84
1 It is an opinion essay, which identifies a problem and suggests solutions.
2 You must include only two of the methods listed; you can choose not to include any of
the opinions listed, in which case you must give your own; you will have to think of a
reason why one method is the most important.
3 A good essay will be well-organised, with good supporting arguments; points will be
linked together in a logical sequence; and appropriate discourse markers will be used
to connect, contrast and balance points.
1d 2b 3c 4a
Sample answer:
A growing phenomenon over recent years has been the way in which our personal
identity has been threatened by criminals. It can be done through the internet, by
stealing our credit card, or by getting information from documents we throw away or
leave lying around. It is clear that to defeat this crime we must be vigilant and be extra
cautious about what we do with personal information. This essay will focus on two ways
in which we may help to keep our identity safe.
Many people feel that young people are particularly vulnerable when it comes to
identity theft because they tend to be more careless with debit and credit cards. They
should be educated by parents and colleges to sign the cards when they arrive and
shred any written record of Personal Identification Numbers (PINs). They should also
be told to keep their cards within reach at all times, particularly when they are in public
places like a college or an entertainment venue.
Another way in which we make life easy for fraudsters is by being too easily taken in
when we get an email claiming to be from our bank, asking us to update our password
or verify our account details. Genuine banks never send such emails.
Overall, in my view, it is plastic cards which represent the biggest threat, particularly
for the young, simply because they are so easy to lose. People need to remember that
identity fraud is big business and is carried out by professional criminals who are
always looking for ways of staying one step ahead of any security measures.
[264 words]
Review
1 1 totally 2 painfully 3 bitterly 4 perfectly 5 incredibly 6 widely 7
deeply 8 extremely
2 1 compensation 2 disposal 3 emissions 4 security 5 destruction
6 implications 7 excessive 8 deterrent
3 1B 2A 3B 4C 5A 6C 7D 8B
4 1 triggered 2 given 3 ranging 4 imminent 5 fled 6 globally 7
space 8 have 9 prior 10 sites 11 been 12 scarce