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Structural Mechanics Tutorial Answers

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5 views4 pages

Structural Mechanics Tutorial Answers

Uploaded by

Maggie Law
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology

MEE20004 – STRUCTURAL MECHANICS


Answers to Tutorial Questions
Topic 1
1.1 (a) 35.7 MPa; (b)42.4 MPa
1.2 (a)101.56 MPa; (b)-21.7 MPa
1.3 33.1 kN
1.4 (a) -4.27 MPa; (b)-2.13 MPa
1.5 (a) 3.33 MPa; (b)525 mm
1.6 (a) 23 MPa; (b) 24.1 MPa; (c) 21.7 MPa
1.7 3.45
1.8 2.34
1.9 2.42
1.10 1.68 kN
1.11 3.72 kN
1.12 (a) 97.6 MPa; (b) -66.4 MPa

Topic 2
2.1 89.7 MPa
2.2 (a) 125.7 N∙m; (b)181.4 N∙m
2.3 (a) 75.5 MPa; (b) 63.7 MPa
2.4 (a) 42 mm; (b) 33.3 mm
2.5 (a) 132.5 N∙m; (b) 15.18 mm
2.6 1129 N∙m
2.7 (a) 8.87°; (b) 0.45°
2.8 6.02°
2.9 12.22°
2.10 36.1 mm

Topic 3
3.1 (a) -61.16 MPa; (b) 91.7 MPa
3.2 129.6 kN∙m
3.3 34.16 kN∙m
3.4 73.2 MPa; -102.4MPa
3.5 (a) 79.8 MPa; (b) -136.5 MPa; (c) 14.87 MPa
3.6 -9516.48 N
3.7 58.8 kN
3.8 4505 N∙m
3.9 106.1 N∙m
3.10 (a) 965 MPa; (b) 20.5 N∙m
3.11 (a) 139.1 m (b) 479.69 m

Topic 4
4.1 1.09 kN∙m
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4.2 1.41 kN∙m


4.3 20.74 kN∙m
4.4 (a) 44.5 MPa; (b) 80.1 MPa
4.5 (a) 51.2 MPa; (b) 119.5 MPa
4.6 18.45 m
4.7 42.7 kN∙m
4.8 (a) 212 MPa; (b) -15.59 MPa
4.9 (a) 38.4 N∙m; (b) 52.8 N∙m
4.10 (a) 11.6 mm; (b) 3.873 m

Topic 5
5.1 (a) 14.04° or 104.04°; (b) 70MPa, -49 MPa
5.2 (a) -30.96° or 59.04°; 59.5 MPa (b) 10.5 MPa
5.3 (a) 37.03° or 52.97°; (b) -86.4MPa -13.6MPa; (c) 8° or 98°; 36.4 MPa; (d) -50 MPa
5.4 (a) -56.2 MPa, 86.2 MPa, -38.2 MPa; (b) -45.2 MPa, 75.2 MPa, 53.8 MPa
5.5 (a) 24.0 MPa, -104.0MPa, -1.5 MPa; (b) -19.5 MPa, -60.5 MPa, -60.7 MPa
5.6 (a) -0.25 MPa; (b) -2.43 MPa
5.7 3.9 kN
5.8 16.58 kN
5.9 (a) -2.89 MPa; (b) 12.77 MPa, 1.226 MPa
5.10 (a) 50 MPa; (b) 62.5 MPa
5.11 (a) 100 MPa; (b) 110 MPa
5.12 (a) 40 MPa; (b) 72 MPa
5.13 29.9 MPa, -29.9 MPa, 29.9 MPa

Topic 6
6.1 36.7 µ, 283 µ, 227 µ
6.2 (a) 30.96° or 120.96°; (b) 512.5µ, 87.5µ, 425µ
6.3 (a) 30.87° or 127.87°; (b) -57.5µ, -382.5µ, 325µ
6.4 (a) 734.3 µ, -84.3 µ; (b) 819 µ
6.5 (a) -300 µ; (b) 435 µ, -315 µ, 750 µ
6.6 (a) 30° or 120°, 560 µ, -140 µ; (b) 700 µ
6.7 12.2 kN∙m

Topic 7
7.1  AB  2.11 mm ,  AD  2.03 mm
7.2 (a) -2.43 mm; (b) 0.0961 mm; (c) 0.004 mm
7.3 422 kN
7.4 (a) 0.13 mm ; (b) 0.0146 mm
7.5 (a) 0.0754 mm; (b) 0.103 mm; (c) 0.122 mm;
7.6 (a) -63 MPa; (b) -4.05 mm2 ; (c) -162 mm3
7.7 (a) 1.190 mm
7.8 302.4 kN
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology

7.9 (a) 426 µ, -952 µ, 224 µ (out-of-plane); (b) same as part (a)
Topic 8
8.1 Maximum distortion energy criterion: (a) 264.56 MPa < 325 MPa (not yielding), F.S. =
1.228; (b) 295.97 MPa < 325 MPa (not yielding), F.S. = 1.098; (c) 329.24 MPa > 325
MPa (yield occurs)
8.2 Maximum shearing stress criterion: (a) 187.7/2 MPa < 210/2 MPa (not yielding), F.S. =
1.119; (b) 224/2 MPa > 210/2 MPa (yield occurs); (c) ) 237.1/2 MPa > 210/2 MPa
(yield occurs)
8.3 265 kN
8.4 1.218 > 1, rupture will occur
8.5 0.81 < 1, no rupture
8.6 83.1 MPa, 41.65 MPa
8.7 3.29 MPa
8.8 (a) 419 kPa; (b) 558 kPa
8.9 (a) 33.2 MPa; (b) 9.55 MPa
8.10 17.06 kN∙m
8.11 (a) 22.1 MPa; (b) -13.7 MPa
8.12 (a) point K: 𝜎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 74.27 MPa, 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 37.135 MPa; (b) point L: 𝜎𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
73.125 MPa, 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 51.934 MPa
8.13 1.421 MPa

Topic 9
𝐿
9.1 (a) 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑤𝐿/2, 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑤𝐿2 /8 ; (b) 𝑉 = 𝑤( − 𝑥), 𝑀 = 𝑤𝑥(𝐿 − 𝑥)/2
2
9.2 (a) 42 kN; (b) 27 kN∙m
9.3 (a) 72 kN; (b) 96 kN∙m
9.4 (a) 18 kN; (b) 12.15 kN∙m
9.5 10.89 MPa
9.6 139 MPa
9.7 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 257.78 𝑘𝑁, 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 51.56 N∙m, 𝜎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 17.19 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜔0 𝑥 2 1
9.8 (a)M = − + 2 𝜔0 〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉2 ; (b)𝑀𝐶 = −3𝜔0 𝑎2 /2
2
(a) 1.25P  P x  a  P x  2a V = 1.25𝑃 − 𝑃〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉0 − 𝑃〈𝑥 − 2𝑎〉0 ,
0 0
9.9
M = 1.25𝑃𝑥 − 𝑃〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉1 − 𝑃〈𝑥 − 2𝑎〉1 ; (b) 0.75Pa
9.10 (a) V = 1.5𝜔0 𝑎 − 𝜔0 〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉1 + 𝜔0 〈𝑥 − 2𝑎〉1 ,
M = 1.5𝜔0 𝑎𝑥 − 0.5𝜔0 〈𝑥 − 0〉2 + 0.5𝜔0 〈𝑥 − 2𝑎〉2 ; (b) 0.5𝜔0 𝑎2
9.11 (a) V = −𝑃〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉0 , M = −𝑃〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉1 − 𝑃𝑎〈𝑥 − 𝑎〉0 ; (b) –Pa

Topic 10
𝑃𝑥 2 𝑃𝐿3 𝑃𝐿2
10.1 (a) 𝑦 = − (3𝐿 − 𝑥) ; (b) ; (c) (clockwise)
6𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼 2𝐸𝐼
𝑤 𝑤𝐿4 𝑤𝐿3
10.2 (a) 𝑦 = − (𝑥 4 − 4𝐿3 𝑥 + 3𝐿4 ) ; (b) ; (c) (anti-clockwise)
24𝐸𝐼 8𝐸𝐼 6𝐸𝐼
𝑤 10𝑤𝑎4 4𝑤𝑎3
10.3 (a) 𝑦 = (3𝑥 4 − 16𝑎𝑥 3 ); (b) ; (c) (clockwise)
72𝐸𝐼 9𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
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𝑤 𝑤𝐿4
10.4 (a) 𝑦 = 24𝐸𝐼 (−𝑥 4 + 4𝐿𝑥 3 − 4𝐿2 𝑥 2 ) ; (b) ; (c) 0
24𝐸𝐼
𝑀0 𝐿2
10.5 (a) at x = 0.211L, 𝑦𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.016 ; (b) 6.09m
𝐸𝐼
𝑃
10.6 (a) 𝑦 = (3𝑎𝑥 2 − 3𝑎𝐿𝑥 + 𝑎3 ) ; (b) 1.976 mm
6𝐸𝐼
𝑃 𝑃𝑏
10.7 (a) 𝑦 = [𝑏𝑥 3 − 𝐿⟨𝑥 − 𝑎⟩3 − 𝑏(𝐿2 − 𝑏 2 )𝑥]; (b)6𝐸𝐼𝐿 (𝐿2 − 𝑏2 ) clockwise;
6𝐸𝐼𝐿
𝑃𝑎2 𝑏2
(c)
3𝐸𝐼𝐿
𝑀0 𝑎 𝑀0 𝑎2 5𝑀0 𝑎2
10.8 (a) (anti-clockwise); (b) ; (c)
4𝐸𝐼 4𝐸𝐼 4𝐸𝐼
𝑤 𝐿𝑥3 〈𝑥−𝐿/3〉4 7𝐿3 𝑥 7𝐿3 2𝑤𝐿4
10.9 (a)𝑦 = [ − − ] ; (b) clockwise; (c)
𝐸𝐼 27 24 243 243𝐸𝐼 243𝐸𝐼
10.10 (a) 0.01015 rad (clockwise); (b) 4.4 mm
5𝑃𝐿2 7𝑃𝐿3
10.11 (a) clockwise; (b)
8𝐸𝐼 16𝐸𝐼
10.12 -2.9 mm

Topic 11
11.1 (a) 6.52%; (b) 17.17 kN
11.2 1.421
11.3 2.81
11.4 2.77 kN
11.5 4.00 kN
11.6 12.01 m
11.7 (a) 94.8 kN; (b) 449 kN
11.8 2.27

Common questions

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Maximum shearing stress significantly influences design considerations because it defines the limit within which materials must operate to avoid failure. As indicated in Source 2, Topic 8.2, when the maximum shearing stress criterion is exceeded, yield occurs, like in instances (b) and (c) where 224/2 MPa and 237.1/2 MPa each exceed 210/2 MPa. This necessitates designing against such stress magnitudes to ensure structural integrity .

Calculating angles of twist in shaft mechanics is fundamental to estimate how much a shaft will rotate under applied torque, which is crucial for maintenance of alignment and function. In Source 1, Topic 6.2(a) and (b) showcases angles like 30.96° or 120.96°, giving insight into the deformation under load, influencing design parameters to ensure component longevity and operational efficiency .

The maximum distortion energy criterion and the maximum shear stress criterion differ in their approach to predicting failure. The distortion energy criterion considers energy-based failure whereas the shear stress criterion focuses on shear-induced failure. As seen in Source 2, Topic 8.1 shows that distortion energy exceeds the yield point at 329.24 MPa, indicating failure; similarly, in Topic 8.2, the shear stress criterion indicates failure for certain stress levels, showing material behavior under different stress types .

The safety factor (F.S.) provides insight into the likelihood of material failure by indicating how much stronger the system is compared to the applied stress. It's a ratio of actual strength to required strength. In Source 2, it is calibrated as shown, for instance, in 8.1(a) with a safety factor of 1.228 indicating no yield, thus implying a sufficiently secure design. When F.S. is less than 1, as opposed to being greater than 1 as shown typically, the application would be unsafe .

The relationship between structural displacement and applied load in beam theory demonstrates how beams bend due to external forces. The equations from Topic 10, such as 10.11(a), show that displacement is directly proportional to the load applied and inversely related to other factors like modulus of elasticity (EI). This relationship assists in determining how different materials will perform under specific conditions, guiding design specifications.

Beam deflection equations are essential for predicting how beams will deform under different kinds of loads and supports, providing insight into the extent of deformation and structural integrity. For example, the equations in Topic 10, such as 10.1(a) for beam bending , give valuable data on expected displacements, which influences design compliance with clearance and safety specifications, ensuring operational reliability in various conditions.

The variation in angle affects the measured stresses as each angle can result in different shear and normal stresses on different planes. For example, in Topic 5, question 5.3 shows different stress values for angles 37.03°, 52.97°, 8°, and 98°, resulting in various MPa values like -86.4 MPa, -13.6 MPa, and 36.4 MPa . This indicates the orientation of the plane strongly affects the induced stresses, impacting design and material selection decisions.

Torque plays a critical role in determining structural component resilience by setting limits on the rotational forces components can endure before deformation. In the problem sets, the torque's impact is seen in how materials can bear bending moments such as in Topic 2.2 with torques of 125.7 N∙m and 181.4 N∙m . This affects the selection and design of materials to resist specific torsional loads to prevent failure.

Angle-induced shear stress variations have critical implications on structural members as they affect the localization and magnitude of stress concentrations. Topic 5 illustrates that at angles like 30.96° or 120.96°, stress differences can occur drastically, such as 512.5µ, 87.5µ, and 425µ . This necessitates precise calculations and considerations during design to avoid unexpected failures at stress-critical angles.

When the maximum distortion energy criterion indicates that the stress exceeds the yield stress, as shown in the example where 329.24 MPa > 325 MPa, yield occurs. This implies that the material has reached or surpassed its capacity to withstand stress without undergoing permanent deformation, indicating a risk to structural stability .

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