Lesson 1 – Growing Plants

SECTION – A : Knowledge Based Questions (48 Marks)

I. Multiple Choice Questions (13 × 1 = 13)

1. Which of the following is the reproductive part of a plant?

(a) Leaf

(b) Root

(c) Flower

(d) Stem
Answer: (c) Flower

2. The process by which a seed grows into a new plant is called:

(a) Photosynthesis

(b) Germination

(c) Fertilization

(d) Pollination
Answer: (b) Germination

3. Which part of the seed provides food for the baby plant?

(a) Cotyledons

(b) Seed coat

(c) Plumule

(d) Radicle
Answer: (a) Cotyledons
4. The seed coat’s main function is:

(a) To absorb sunlight

(b) To protect the seed

(c) To store food

(d) To make chlorophyll

Answer: (b) To protect the seed

5. The first part of the seed that comes out during germination is:

(a) Cotyledon

(b) Plumule

(c) Radicle

(d) Stem
Answer: (c) Radicle

6. The process of transferring pollen from one flower to another is called:

(a) Germination

(b) Pollination

(c) Fertilization

(d) Photosynthesis
Answer: (b) Pollination

7. The fusion of male and female gametes in plants is called:

(a) Pollination
(b) Fertilization

(c) Seed dispersal

(d) Reproduction
Answer: (b) Fertilization

8. Plants that grow from spores instead of seeds are:

(a) Mango, Pea

(b) Ferns, Mosses

(c) Sunflower, Rose

(d) Neem, Mustard

Answer: (b) Ferns, Mosses

9. The agent that helps in dispersal of light seeds like cotton is:

(a) Water

(b) Wind

(c) Animals

(d) Explosion
Answer: (b) Wind

10. Which plant reproduces by vegetative propagation?

(a) Rose

(b) Apple

(c) Sunflower
(d) Rice
Answer: (a) Rose

11. The small baby plant inside the seed is called:

(a) Cotyledon

(b) Seed coat

(c) Embryo

(d) Radicle
Answer: (c) Embryo

12. Which part grows into the shoot system of the plant?

(a) Radicle

(b) Plumule

(c) Cotyledon

(d) Seed coat

Answer: (b) Plumule

13. The process by which seeds are spread to different places is:

(a) Germination

(b) Seed dispersal

(c) Fertilization

(d) Photosynthesis
Answer: (b) Seed dispersal
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II. Give One Word (5 × 1 = 5)

1. The process of seed beginning to grow – Germination

2. The baby plant inside the seed – Embryo

3. Plants like potato and onion grow by this method – Vegetative propagation

4. The process of pollen reaching the stigma – Pollination

5. Plants that reproduce without seeds – Ferns / Mosses

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III. Correct the False Statement (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Seeds always grow without air.

Correct: Seeds need air, water, and warmth to grow.

2. The seed coat provides food to the seed.

Correct: Cotyledons provide food to the seed.

3. Pollination always happens through water.

Correct: Pollination occurs by wind, water, insects, or animals.

4. The first part that comes out during germination is the plumule.
Correct: The first part that comes out is the radicle.

5. All plants reproduce only by seeds.

Correct: Some plants reproduce by spores or vegetative propagation.

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IV. Match the Following (6 × 1 = 6)

Column A​ Column B

Radicle​ Root
Plumule​ Shoot
Cotyledons​ Stored food
Pollination​ Transfer of pollen
Fertilization​ Fusion of gametes
Dispersal by wind​ Cotton seeds

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V. Answer in Short (5 × 2 = 10)

1. What are the conditions necessary for germination?

Answer: Seeds need air, water, and warmth for germination.

2. What is vegetative propagation?

Answer: The process of growing a new plant from roots, stems, or leaves of a plant instead of
seeds. Example: Rose, Potato.

3. Name two agents of seed dispersal.

Answer: Wind and water.

4. What is the function of cotyledons?

Answer: Cotyledons provide stored food to the baby plant.

5. Give two examples of plants that reproduce from spores.

Answer: Ferns and mosses.
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VI. Answer in Brief (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Explain the process of pollination.

Answer: Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of
the same or another flower. It can be self-pollination or cross-pollination, and is carried out by
wind, water, insects, or animals.

2. Write a short note on fertilization in plants.

Answer: After pollination, pollen grains reach the ovary through the style. The male gamete
fuses with the female gamete (ovum) to form a zygote. This process is called fertilization.

3. Explain seed dispersal and its importance.

Answer: The process by which seeds are carried away from the parent plant by agents like
wind, water, animals, or explosion. It helps reduce overcrowding and gives plants space,
sunlight, and nutrients to grow.

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SECTION – B : Understanding Based Questions

VII. Multiple Choice Questions (2 × 1 = 2)

1. Which is NOT an agent of seed dispersal?

(a) Wind

(b) Fire

(c) Animals

(d) Water
Answer: (b) Fire
2. A potato grows from:

(a) Seed

(b) Stem tuber

(c) Root

(d) Leaf
Answer: (b) Stem tuber

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VIII. Answer in Short

1. Why do seeds need to be dispersed?

Answer: To avoid overcrowding and to help plants grow in new places with enough nutrients,
sunlight, and space.

2. What happens to the seed coat during germination?

Answer: It breaks open to allow the radicle and plumule to come out.

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IX. Answer the Following (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Explain the structure of a seed with a neat diagram.

Answer: A seed has a seed coat for protection, cotyledons that store food, and an embryo
consisting of a radicle (develops into root) and plumule (develops into shoot).
(Diagram to be practiced from textbook)

2. Describe the process of germination.

Answer: Germination begins when the seed absorbs water. The seed coat breaks, the radicle
comes out and grows into roots, then the plumule grows upward into the shoot. Cotyledons
provide food until the plant makes its own food.

3. Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Answer:

Self-pollination: Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma of the same flower.

Cross-pollination: Transfer of pollen from anther of one flower to stigma of another flower of the
same kind.

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X. Picture / Application Based Questions

1. A picture of a seed is shown with cotyledons, radicle, and plumule marked. Label the parts.
Answer: (i) Cotyledons – stored food, (ii) Radicle – root, (iii) Plumule – shoot.

2. If all seeds fell below the parent plant, what would happen?
Answer: There would be overcrowding, lack of nutrients, water, and sunlight. Seed dispersal
prevents this.

3. Farmers store seeds in a cool, dry place. Why?

Answer: To prevent seeds from rotting, spoiling, or germinating before sowing.

Lesson 2 – Reproduction in Animals

SECTION – A : Knowledge Based Questions (48 Marks)

I. Multiple Choice Questions (13 × 1 = 13)

1. Animals that give birth to young ones are called:

(a) Oviparous

(b) Viviparous

(c) Amphibians

(d) Reptiles
Answer: (b) Viviparous – Viviparous animals like humans, dogs, and cats give birth to young
ones directly instead of laying eggs.

2. Animals that lay eggs are called:

(a) Viviparous

(b) Oviparous

(c) Mammals

(d) Amphibians
Answer: (b) Oviparous – Oviparous animals like hens, fish, and reptiles reproduce by laying
eggs.

3. The process by which new individuals are produced is:

(a) Digestion

(b) Reproduction

(c) Circulation

(d) Respiration
Answer: (b) Reproduction – It is the biological process by which living beings produce offspring.

4. Fertilization is the fusion of:

(a) Egg and sperm

(b) Two eggs

(c) Two sperms

(d) Embryo and gamete

Answer: (a) Egg and sperm – Male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote.

5. The male reproductive cell in animals is:

(a) Egg

(b) Sperm

(c) Embryo

(d) Zygote
Answer: (b) Sperm – Sperm is the male gamete produced by male animals.

6. The female reproductive cell in animals is:

(a) Egg

(b) Ovary

(c) Zygote

(d) Embryo
Answer: (a) Egg – The egg cell is produced in the ovaries of female animals.

7. Fertilization in humans takes place in the:

(a) Uterus

(b) Ovary

(c) Oviduct

(d) Fallopian tube

Answer: (d) Fallopian tube – The sperm fertilizes the egg inside the fallopian tube.
8. The stage of development of a baby inside the mother’s womb is called:

(a) Fertilization

(b) Embryo

(c) Foetus

(d) Zygote
Answer: (c) Foetus – When the embryo grows and takes the shape of a baby, it is called foetus.

9. Animals like frogs show:

(a) Direct development

(b) Metamorphosis

(c) Budding

(d) Fragmentation
Answer: (b) Metamorphosis – Frogs hatch from eggs into tadpoles and later grow into adult
frogs.

10. The fertilized egg is called:

(a) Embryo

(b) Zygote

(c) Foetus

(d) Gamete
Answer: (b) Zygote – The cell formed after fertilization is called a zygote.

11. Fertilization that takes place outside the female body is called:
(a) Internal fertilization

(b) External fertilization

(c) Budding

(d) Spore formation

Answer: (b) External fertilization – Example: in fish and frogs, fertilization happens in water
outside the female body.

12. Fertilization that takes place inside the female body is called:

(a) Internal fertilization

(b) External fertilization

(c) Vegetative propagation

(d) Germination
Answer: (a) Internal fertilization – It happens in humans, birds, and mammals.

13. The new organism that develops from the embryo in the mother’s body is called:

(a) Gamete

(b) Foetus

(c) Ovum

(d) Zygote
Answer: (b) Foetus – After several weeks, the embryo develops organs and becomes a foetus.

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II. Give One Word (5 × 1 = 5)

1. The fusion of sperm and egg – Fertilization

2. A fertilized egg – Zygote

3. Animals that give birth to babies – Viviparous

4. Animals that lay eggs – Oviparous

5. A developing baby inside the mother – Embryo / Foetus

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III. Correct the False Statement (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Sperm is the female gamete.

Correct: Sperm is the male gamete.

2. In humans, fertilization occurs in the uterus.

Correct: In humans, fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube.

3. Frogs show direct development.

Correct: Frogs show metamorphosis from tadpole to adult.

4. All animals give birth to babies.

Correct: Some animals lay eggs while others give birth to babies.

5. Embryo and foetus are the same stage.

Correct: Embryo develops into foetus after organs start forming.
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IV. Match the Following (6 × 1 = 6)

Column A​ Column B

Sperm​Male gamete
Egg​ Female gamete
Zygote​Fertilized egg
Embryo​ Developing baby (early)
Foetus​Developed embryo
Frog​ External fertilization

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V. Answer in Short (5 × 2 = 10)

1. What is fertilization?
Answer: Fertilization is the process of fusion of a male gamete (sperm) and a female gamete
(egg) to form a zygote. It can be internal or external depending on the species.

2. Differentiate between oviparous and viviparous animals.

Answer: Oviparous animals reproduce by laying eggs, for example hens and fish. Viviparous
animals give birth to babies, for example humans and cats.

3. What is metamorphosis?
Answer: Metamorphosis is the transformation of an animal from larval stage to adult form.
Example: Frogs develop from eggs into tadpoles and then into adult frogs.

4. Where does fertilization take place in humans?

Answer: In humans, fertilization takes place in the fallopian tube when sperm meets egg. The
zygote then travels to the uterus for development.

5. Write one difference between embryo and foetus.

Answer: An embryo is the early stage of a developing baby after fertilization. When organs start
developing, it is called foetus.
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VI. Answer in Brief (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Explain the stages from fertilization to formation of foetus.

Answer: Fertilization occurs when sperm fuses with egg forming a zygote. The zygote
undergoes divisions and becomes an embryo. As it develops organs, it is called a foetus and
grows inside the mother’s womb.

2. Describe external fertilization with an example.

Answer: In external fertilization, the female lays eggs outside the body and the male releases
sperms over them. This process occurs in water, for example in fish and frogs.

3. Describe internal fertilization with an example.

Answer: In internal fertilization, the male sperm fuses with the female egg inside the female’s
body. This is seen in humans, dogs, cats, and birds. It provides better protection to the
developing embryo.

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SECTION – B : Understanding Based Questions

VII. Multiple Choice Questions (2 × 1 = 2)

1. In which of the following does metamorphosis occur?

(a) Human

(b) Frog

(c) Cow

(d) Dog
Answer: (b) Frog – Frogs undergo changes from eggs to tadpoles to adults.
2. Fertilization in humans is:

(a) External

(b) Internal

(c) Both

(d) None
Answer: (b) Internal – In humans, fertilization happens inside the mother’s body.

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VIII. Answer in Short

1. What is reproduction?
Answer: Reproduction is the biological process by which living beings produce their own kind. It
ensures continuation of the species.

2. Why is reproduction important?

Answer: Reproduction is important because it helps species survive and prevents extinction. It
passes on traits from one generation to another.

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IX. Answer the Following (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Write a short note on fertilization in humans.

Answer: Fertilization in humans takes place in the fallopian tube. The sperm fuses with the egg
to form a zygote. The zygote divides and travels to the uterus, where it implants and grows into
an embryo.

2. Explain metamorphosis in frogs with a diagram.

Answer: Frogs lay eggs in water which hatch into tadpoles. Tadpoles breathe with gills and swim
like fish. Gradually, they develop legs and lungs and grow into adult frogs. (Diagram: frog life
cycle to be practiced)

3. Differentiate between internal and external fertilization.

Answer: In external fertilization, fusion of gametes occurs outside the body (fish, frogs). In
internal fertilization, fusion happens inside the female body (humans, birds, mammals). Internal
fertilization provides more protection to the embryo.

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X. Picture / Application Based Questions

1. Diagram of frog’s life cycle is given. Label egg, tadpole, and adult.
Answer: Egg – fertilized structure; Tadpole – larval stage; Adult – fully developed frog.

2. A cow gives birth to a calf. Is it oviparous or viviparous?

Answer: It is viviparous because it gives birth to young ones directly.

3. Fish lay eggs in water and fertilization occurs outside. What type of fertilization is this?
Answer: External fertilization.

Lesson 3 – Habitat and Adaptation

SECTION – A : Knowledge Based Questions (48 Marks)

I. Multiple Choice Questions (13 × 1 = 13)

1. The surroundings where a plant or animal lives is called:

(a) Adaptation

(b) Habitat

(c) Niche
(d) Environment
Answer: (b) Habitat – A habitat is the natural home of a living organism where it gets food,
water, air, and shelter.

2. Structural or behavioral features that help organisms survive are called:

(a) Evolution

(b) Adaptations

(c) Growth

(d) Migration
Answer: (b) Adaptations – Adaptations help plants and animals adjust to their surroundings and
live successfully.

3. Camouflage is an example of:

(a) Movement

(b) Adaptation

(c) Growth

(d) Photosynthesis
Answer: (b) Adaptation – Camouflage helps animals blend with surroundings to escape
enemies.

4. The desert plant cactus has:

(a) Large leaves

(b) Spines instead of leaves

(c) Weak roots

(d) Soft stem

Answer: (b) Spines instead of leaves – Spines reduce water loss and stem stores water.

5. Polar bears have thick fur and fat layer to:

(a) Protect from rain

(b) Keep them warm in cold

(c) Help in swimming

(d) Protect from sunlight

Answer: (b) Keep them warm in cold – These are adaptations for polar habitat.

6. Which of the following is an aquatic animal adaptation?

(a) Gills in fish

(b) Long neck in giraffe

(c) Spines in cactus

(d) Thick fur in yak

Answer: (a) Gills in fish – Gills help fish use dissolved oxygen in water.

7. Animals moving from one place to another to escape harsh weather is called:

(a) Camouflage

(b) Hibernation

(c) Migration

(d) Adaptation
Answer: (c) Migration – Example: Birds migrate to warmer regions in winter.

8. Frogs can live both in water and on land. They are:

(a) Aquatic animals

(b) Terrestrial animals

(c) Amphibians

(d) Arboreal animals

Answer: (c) Amphibians – They live in dual habitats.

9. The habitat of camel is:

(a) Mountains

(b) Deserts

(c) Polar regions

(d) Forests
Answer: (b) Deserts – Camel stores fat in hump and can live without water for days.

10. Which plant has breathing roots in swampy areas?

(a) Mango

(b) Neem

(c) Mangrove

(d) Lotus
Answer: (c) Mangrove – They have aerial roots to breathe in waterlogged soil.

11. Organisms that can survive extreme conditions are called:

(a) Specialists

(b) Extremophiles
(c) Parasites

(d) Predators
Answer: (b) Extremophiles – They live in habitats like hot springs or ice.

12. Lotus leaves are broad and waxy to:

(a) Store water

(b) Float on water and prevent wetting

(c) Absorb more heat

(d) Provide shade

Answer: (b) Float on water and prevent wetting – These are aquatic adaptations.

13. Yak is found in:

(a) Deserts

(b) Polar region

(c) Mountains

(d) Grassland
Answer: (c) Mountains – Yak has thick fur and skin to survive cold mountain climate.

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II. Give One Word (5 × 1 = 5)

1. The natural home of an organism – Habitat

2. The process of animals sleeping during winter – Hibernation

3. The process of animals moving seasonally – Migration

4. An animal that can live both on land and in water – Amphibian

5. Roots that grow above ground in swampy areas – Breathing roots

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III. Correct the False Statement (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Polar bears have thin skin to stay cool.

Correct: Polar bears have thick skin, fat, and fur to stay warm.

2. Cactus plants have broad leaves to store water.

Correct: Cactus has spines instead of leaves, and stem stores water.

3. Mangroves grow in deserts.

Correct: Mangroves grow in swampy, waterlogged areas.

4. Yaks are found in deserts.

Correct: Yaks live in cold mountainous regions.

5. Fish breathe with lungs.

Correct: Fish breathe with gills.

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IV. Match the Following (6 × 1 = 6)

Column A​ Column B
Camel​ Desert habitat
Mangroves​ Breathing roots
Fish​ Gills for breathing
Polar bear​ Thick fur and fat
Lotus​ Broad waxy leaves
Yak​ Mountain habitat

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V. Answer in Short (5 × 2 = 10)

1. What is adaptation?
Answer: Adaptation is a special feature or behavior that helps a plant or animal survive in its
habitat. It may be structural like thick fur or behavioral like migration.

2. Why does cactus have spines?

Answer: Cactus has spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss. Its thick green stem stores
water and does photosynthesis.

3. What are breathing roots?

Answer: Breathing roots are aerial roots in mangrove plants. They help the plant take in oxygen
in swampy and waterlogged soils.

4. Why do polar bears have white fur?

Answer: Polar bears have white fur to blend with snow and ice. This camouflage helps them
hunt and stay protected in polar regions.

5. Give one example of hibernation.

Answer: Bears sleep during the cold winter months in caves. This long sleep is called
hibernation and helps them survive without food.

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VI. Answer in Brief (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Describe the adaptations of desert animals.
Answer: Desert animals like camels can store fat in their humps and survive without water for
days. They have long eyelashes to protect eyes from sand and broad feet to walk on sand.

2. Write about aquatic plant adaptations.

Answer: Aquatic plants like lotus have broad, waxy leaves that float on water. Their stems are
hollow and flexible, helping them survive in water.

3. Explain migration in animals with an example.

Answer: Migration is the seasonal movement of animals to favorable habitats. For example,
Siberian cranes migrate to India in winter to escape extreme cold and find food.

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SECTION – B : Understanding Based Questions

VII. Multiple Choice Questions (2 × 1 = 2)

1. Which plant grows in swampy areas?

(a) Mango

(b) Lotus

(c) Mangrove

(d) Rose
Answer: (c) Mangrove – It has breathing roots.

2. Which adaptation helps camel walk in desert sand?

(a) Thick fur

(b) Long eyelashes

(c) Broad feet

(d) Spines
Answer: (c) Broad feet – Broad feet prevent sinking in sand.

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VIII. Answer in Short

1. Why do animals migrate?

Answer: Animals migrate to escape extreme weather, find food, or reproduce. Migration ensures
survival during unfavorable seasons.

2. What are amphibians? Give one example.

Answer: Amphibians are animals that can live both in water and on land. Example: Frogs.

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IX. Answer the Following (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Explain polar region adaptations in animals.

Answer: Animals like polar bears and penguins have thick skin and fat layers to survive cold.
They have fur or feathers to protect from freezing temperatures and white color for camouflage.

2. Explain desert plant adaptations.

Answer: Desert plants like cactus have spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss. Their
green stems store water and carry out photosynthesis. Long roots reach deep underground for
water.

3. How do mountain animals survive cold?

Answer: Mountain animals like yaks have thick fur and skin to protect from cold. They graze on
sparse vegetation and can survive at high altitudes with low oxygen.
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X. Picture / Application Based Questions

1. A diagram of cactus is given. Label stem and spines.

Answer: Stem – stores water; Spines – prevent water loss.

2. Penguins are found in Antarctica. How do they survive the cold?

Answer: Penguins have thick layers of fat and dense feathers to keep them warm. They also
huddle together in groups.

3. A bird with a long beak is shown. What could be its habitat and use of beak?
Answer: It may live in wetlands. The long beak helps catch fish and insects in water.

Lesson 4 – Health and Diseases

SECTION – A : Knowledge Based Questions (48 Marks)

I. Multiple Choice Questions (13 × 1 = 13)

1. The state of being free from illness and having a sound body and mind is called:

(a) Immunity

(b) Health

(c) Hygiene

(d) Disease
Answer: (b) Health – Health means complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

2. A condition when normal functioning of body is disturbed is called:

(a) Health

(b) Disease

(c) Growth
(d) Immunity
Answer: (b) Disease – Disease is an abnormal condition affecting the body.

3. Diseases that spread from one person to another are:

(a) Non-communicable

(b) Communicable

(c) Genetic

(d) Deficiency
Answer: (b) Communicable – They spread by germs through air, water, food, or contact.

4. Malaria is caused by:

(a) Bacteria

(b) Virus

(c) Protozoa

(d) Fungus
Answer: (c) Protozoa – It is caused by Plasmodium spread by female Anopheles mosquito.

5. Tuberculosis is caused by:

(a) Bacteria

(b) Virus

(c) Protozoa

(d) Worm
Answer: (a) Bacteria – The bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes TB.
6. Which disease is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D?

(a) Night blindness

(b) Rickets

(c) Scurvy

(d) Goitre
Answer: (b) Rickets – Vitamin D deficiency weakens bones.

7. Which deficiency disease is caused by lack of Vitamin A?

(a) Beri-beri

(b) Scurvy

(c) Night blindness

(d) Rickets
Answer: (c) Night blindness – Lack of Vitamin A causes poor vision in dim light.

8. Deficiency of Iodine leads to:

(a) Anaemia

(b) Goitre

(c) Rickets

(d) Scurvy
Answer: (b) Goitre – Swelling of the thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency.

9. Which disease is spread by contaminated water?

(a) Cholera
(b) Asthma

(c) Cancer

(d) Diabetes
Answer: (a) Cholera – Cholera spreads by drinking infected water.

10. Rabies is caused by:

(a) Virus

(b) Bacteria

(c) Worm

(d) Protozoa
Answer: (a) Virus – Rabies virus spreads through the bite of infected dogs.

11. Which disease is prevented by using mosquito nets and repellents?

(a) Diabetes

(b) Tuberculosis

(c) Malaria

(d) Cancer
Answer: (c) Malaria – Prevented by avoiding mosquito bites.

12. Which is a non-communicable disease?

(a) Cholera

(b) Typhoid

(c) Asthma

(d) Malaria
Answer: (c) Asthma – It does not spread from person to person.

13. Which practice helps in maintaining good health?

(a) Poor sanitation

(b) Eating junk food

(c) Regular exercise and hygiene

(d) Avoiding vaccination

Answer: (c) Regular exercise and hygiene – They protect the body from diseases.

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II. Give One Word (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Diseases that spread from one person to another – Communicable diseases

2. A disease caused by mosquito bite – Malaria

3. Deficiency of Vitamin C causes – Scurvy

4. The science of good health – Hygiene

5. The substance given to prevent disease – Vaccine

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III. Correct the False Statement (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Diabetes is a communicable disease.
Correct: Diabetes is a non-communicable disease.

2. Cholera spreads through mosquito bites.

Correct: Cholera spreads through contaminated food and water.

3. Scurvy is caused by Vitamin D deficiency.

Correct: Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency.

4. Vaccines are used to cure diseases.

Correct: Vaccines are used to prevent diseases.

5. Tuberculosis is caused by a virus.

Correct: Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria.

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IV. Match the Following (6 × 1 = 6)

Column A​ Column B

Cholera​ Contaminated water

Malaria​ Mosquito bite (Protozoa)
Scurvy​Vitamin C deficiency
Rickets​ Vitamin D deficiency
Goitre​ Iodine deficiency
Rabies​Dog bite (Virus)

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V. Answer in Short (5 × 2 = 10)

1. What are communicable diseases?

Answer: Communicable diseases are illnesses that spread from one person to another. They
spread through air, water, food, insects, or direct contact.
2. Give two examples of non-communicable diseases.
Answer: Examples are asthma and diabetes. These do not spread from one person to another.

3. Write two preventive measures for malaria.

Answer: Using mosquito nets and removing stagnant water near houses help prevent malaria.

4. What is hygiene?
Answer: Hygiene refers to practices like cleanliness, safe drinking water, and proper sanitation
that keep us healthy.

5. Name two diseases caused by deficiency of vitamins.

Answer: Night blindness (Vitamin A deficiency) and Rickets (Vitamin D deficiency).

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VI. Answer in Brief (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Explain the difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases with

examples.
Answer: Communicable diseases spread from one person to another, such as malaria and
cholera. Non-communicable diseases do not spread, such as diabetes and cancer. Both affect
health but in different ways.

2. Write about the importance of vaccination.

Answer: Vaccination protects people from dangerous diseases. It prepares the body to fight
germs by producing immunity, preventing illnesses like polio and measles.

3. Write a short note on deficiency diseases.

Answer: Deficiency diseases occur when the body lacks essential nutrients. Examples include
scurvy (Vitamin C), rickets (Vitamin D), and anaemia (iron deficiency). Eating a balanced diet
prevents them.
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SECTION – B : Understanding Based Questions

VII. Multiple Choice Questions (2 × 1 = 2)

1. Which of the following is NOT a communicable disease?

(a) Cholera

(b) Malaria

(c) Asthma

(d) Tuberculosis
Answer: (c) Asthma – It is a non-communicable disease.

2. Which deficiency causes anaemia?

(a) Vitamin A

(b) Iron

(c) Iodine

(d) Calcium
Answer: (b) Iron – Lack of iron in blood leads to anaemia.

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VIII. Answer in Short

1. What is a balanced diet?

Answer: A balanced diet contains all nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and
minerals in proper amounts. It keeps the body healthy and disease-free.
2. Why should stagnant water be removed near houses?
Answer: Stagnant water is a breeding place for mosquitoes. Removing it prevents
mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and dengue.

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IX. Answer the Following (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Write a note on malaria.

Answer: Malaria is caused by protozoa called Plasmodium. It spreads through the bite of female
Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms include fever, chills, and shivering.

2. How can we maintain good health?

Answer: Good health can be maintained by eating balanced food, regular exercise, proper
sleep, and maintaining hygiene. Clean surroundings also prevent diseases.

3. Explain the causes and prevention of cholera.

Answer: Cholera is caused by drinking contaminated water. It causes diarrhoea and
dehydration. Prevention includes boiling water, good sanitation, and personal hygiene.

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X. Picture / Application Based Questions

1. A swollen neck picture is shown. Name the disease.

Answer: Goitre – caused by iodine deficiency.

2. A child has bleeding gums. Which deficiency disease is this?

Answer: Scurvy – caused by deficiency of Vitamin C.

3. Mosquitoes are seen breeding in water puddles. Which diseases may spread?
Answer: Malaria and dengue.
Lesson 5 – Skeletal System and Muscular System

SECTION – A : Knowledge Based Questions (48 Marks)

I. Multiple Choice Questions (13 × 1 = 13)

1. The framework of bones in our body is called:

(a) Muscles

(b) Skeleton

(c) Joints

(d) Ligaments
Answer: (b) Skeleton – The skeleton supports the body and gives it shape.

2. How many bones are present in the adult human body?

(a) 206

(b) 208

(c) 204

(d) 210
Answer: (a) 206 – Adults have 206 bones forming the skeletal framework.

3. The longest bone in the human body is:

(a) Tibia

(b) Femur

(c) Radius

(d) Humerus
Answer: (b) Femur – The thigh bone is the longest and strongest bone.
4. The smallest bone in the body is:

(a) Stapes (ear)

(b) Femur

(c) Ulna

(d) Tibia
Answer: (a) Stapes – Found in the middle ear, it is the smallest bone.

5. The place where two bones meet is called:

(a) Ligament

(b) Cartilage

(c) Joint

(d) Muscle
Answer: (c) Joint – Joints allow movement between bones.

6. The bone protecting the brain is:

(a) Rib cage

(b) Skull

(c) Backbone

(d) Pelvis
Answer: (b) Skull – Skull encloses and protects the brain.

7. Which bones protect the heart and lungs?

(a) Skull

(b) Rib cage

(c) Backbone

(d) Pelvis
Answer: (b) Rib cage – It forms a bony cage around chest organs.

8. The backbone is made up of:

(a) 26 vertebrae

(b) 33 vertebrae

(c) 30 vertebrae

(d) 25 vertebrae
Answer: (b) 33 vertebrae – They are small bones forming the vertebral column.

9. The bone that protects the heart is also called:

(a) Rib

(b) Sternum

(c) Skull

(d) Cartilage
Answer: (b) Sternum – The breastbone in the middle of chest.

10. Muscles are attached to bones by:

(a) Cartilage

(b) Ligaments

(c) Tendons
(d) Joints
Answer: (c) Tendons – They connect muscles to bones.

11. Bones are joined to other bones by:

(a) Ligaments

(b) Cartilage

(c) Tendons

(d) Muscles
Answer: (a) Ligaments – Strong tissues that hold bones together.

12. Which type of muscles work involuntarily?

(a) Skeletal muscles

(b) Cardiac muscles

(c) Voluntary muscles

(d) Both a and b

Answer: (b) Cardiac muscles – They work without our control in the heart.

13. Which muscles are attached to bones?

(a) Smooth muscles

(b) Cardiac muscles

(c) Skeletal muscles

(d) Involuntary muscles

Answer: (c) Skeletal muscles – They move bones and help in body movement.
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II. Give One Word (5 × 1 = 5)

1. The longest bone in the body – Femur

2. The smallest bone in the body – Stapes

3. The meeting place of two bones – Joint

4. The tissue connecting bones to muscles – Tendon

5. The framework of bones – Skeleton

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III. Correct the False Statement (5 × 1 = 5)

1. Adult human body has 210 bones.

Correct: Adult human body has 206 bones.

2. Backbone is made up of 26 vertebrae.

Correct: Backbone is made up of 33 vertebrae.

3. Ligaments join muscles to bones.

Correct: Tendons join muscles to bones; ligaments join bones to bones.

4. Skull protects the heart and lungs.

Correct: Rib cage protects the heart and lungs.
5. Skeletal muscles work involuntarily.
Correct: Skeletal muscles work under our control, hence voluntary.

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IV. Match the Following (6 × 1 = 6)

Column A​ Column B

Skull​ Protects brain

Rib cage​ Protects heart and lungs
Femur​ Longest bone
Stapes​Smallest bone
Ligament​ Connects bone to bone
Tendon​ Connects muscle to bone

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V. Answer in Short (5 × 2 = 10)

1. What is the function of skeleton?

Answer: The skeleton gives shape and support to the body. It also protects internal organs like
brain, heart, and lungs.

2. Define joint and give an example.

Answer: A joint is the place where two bones meet. For example, the knee joint.

3. Name the three types of muscles.

Answer: The three types are skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles.

4. What is the function of backbone?

Answer: The backbone supports the body and protects the spinal cord. It helps in bending and
standing upright.

5. Which bones form the rib cage?

Answer: Ribs and sternum together form the rib cage which protects heart and lungs.

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VI. Answer in Brief (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Describe skeletal muscles.

Answer: Skeletal muscles are attached to bones. They help in movement of arms, legs, and
other parts. They work under our control, so they are called voluntary muscles.

2. Write a note on cardiac muscles.

Answer: Cardiac muscles are found only in the heart. They work continuously without rest and
are involuntary in nature. They pump blood throughout the body.

3. Explain the importance of joints.

Answer: Joints connect two bones together. They allow different types of movements like
bending, rotating, or stretching. Without joints, our body would be stiff.

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SECTION – B : Understanding Based Questions

VII. Multiple Choice Questions (2 × 1 = 2)

1. Which protects the spinal cord?

(a) Skull

(b) Rib cage

(c) Backbone

(d) Sternum
Answer: (c) Backbone – The vertebral column protects the spinal cord.
2. Which muscles are found in internal organs like stomach and intestines?

(a) Skeletal

(b) Smooth

(c) Cardiac

(d) Voluntary
Answer: (b) Smooth – These muscles work involuntarily in internal organs.

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VIII. Answer in Short

1. Name the two types of joints.

Answer: The two types of joints are movable joints (like knee, elbow) and immovable joints (like
skull bones).

2. Why is the skeleton important for our body?

Answer: Skeleton provides framework, protects delicate organs, and helps in movement with
muscles.

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IX. Answer the Following (3 × 3 = 9)

1. Explain the functions of skeleton.

Answer: Skeleton supports the body, gives it shape, and protects organs. It helps in movement
by acting as a framework for muscles and joints. Bones also produce blood cells and store
minerals.

2. Differentiate between ligaments and tendons.

Answer: Ligaments connect bone to bone and provide flexibility to joints. Tendons connect
muscles to bones and help in movement. Both are strong tissues but serve different purposes.

3. Write a note on backbone.

Answer: Backbone or vertebral column is made up of 33 vertebrae. It protects the spinal cord,
supports the body, and allows bending and movement.

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X. Picture / Application Based Questions

1. A diagram of human skeleton is given. Label skull, rib cage, and femur.
Answer: Skull – head region; Rib cage – chest region; Femur – thigh bone.

2. Which joint is shown in the diagram of elbow?

Answer: Hinge joint – allows movement in one direction like a door hinge.

3. A boy is holding a football. Which type of muscles are used?

Answer: Skeletal muscles – They help in voluntary movements like holding and running.