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Solutions and Properties of Mixtures

The document contains a series of chemistry problems and concepts related to solutions, including reasons for certain phenomena, laws such as Henry's and Raoult's, and calculations involving osmotic pressure, molality, and freezing point depression. It also discusses deviations from Raoult's law, isotonic solutions, and the determination of molecular weights. Each problem requires an understanding of solution chemistry and the application of relevant formulas.

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14 views2 pages

Solutions and Properties of Mixtures

The document contains a series of chemistry problems and concepts related to solutions, including reasons for certain phenomena, laws such as Henry's and Raoult's, and calculations involving osmotic pressure, molality, and freezing point depression. It also discusses deviations from Raoult's law, isotonic solutions, and the determination of molecular weights. Each problem requires an understanding of solution chemistry and the application of relevant formulas.

Uploaded by

vikashajay48
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SOLUTION CHAPTER-1

1) Give reason for the following.


(i) Aquatic species are more comfortable in cold water than warm water.

ii) At higher altitudes people suffer from anoxia resulting in inability to think.

iii)Gas (A) is more soluble in water than gas (B) at the same temperature. Which one of the two
gases will have the higher value of KH (Henry’s constant) and why?

iv) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses
of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.

v)Elevation of boiling point of 1M KCl solution is nearly double than of 1M sugar solution.

2) State Henry’s law. Calculate the solubility ofCO2 in water at 298K under 760mm Hg. (KH for CO2
in water at 298K is 1.25x106 mm Hg).

3) State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. What is the similarity
between the Raoult’s law and Henry’s law.

4) a)What is meant by negative deviation from Raoult’s law? Give an example. What is the sign of
∆mixH for negative deviation? b)What is meant by positive deviation from Raoult’s law? Give an
example. What is the sign of ∆Hmix for positive deviation?

5) What happens when,

(i) a pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side separated from
solvent by a semipermeable membrane

(ii) acetone is added to pure ethanol?

6) Define the following terms: (i) Isotonic solutions. (ii) Van’t Hoff factor

Define the terms: Osmosis and osmotic pressure. Is the osmosis pressure of a solution a
colligative property?

7. A solution of glucose (molar mass = 180g mol-1) in water is labelled as 10% (by mass). What
would be the molality and molarity of the solution? (Density of the solution = 1.2g mol-1)

8. The vapour pressure of pure liquids A and B are 450mm and 700mm of Hg respectively at
350K. Find out the composition of the liquid mixture if total vapour pressure is 600mm of Hg.
Also, find the composition in the vapour phase.

9. At 300K, 30g of glucose present in a litre of its solution has an osmotic pressure of 4.98bar. If
the osmotic pressure of the glucose solution is 1.52bar at the same temperature, what would be
its concentration?

10. Calculate the freezing point of an aqueous solution containing 10.5g of magnesium bromide
in 200g of water, assuming complete dissociation of magnesium bromide. (Molar mass of
magnesium bromide=184g mol-1, Kf for water=1.86K kg mol-1)

11. 3.9g of benzoic acid is dissolved in 49g of benzene shows a depression in freezing point of
1.62K. Calculate the Van't hoff factor and predict the nature of the solute (associated or
dissociated). (Given: Molar mass of benzoic acid =122g mol-1, Kf of benzene = 4.9K kg mol-1)
12. A 5% solution (by mass) of cane sugar (M.W 342g mol-1) is isotonic with 0.877% solution of
substance X. Find the molecular weight of X.

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