A PROJECT REPORT

on

“BLOCKCHAIN BASED CROWD FUNDING”

Submitted to
KIIT Deemed to be University

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of

BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

BY

PROMISE DAS 2006450

ABHISEK 2006472
MOHAPATRA

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

ARUP SARKAR

SCHOOL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

KALINGA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA - 751024
May 2020
 A PROJECT REPORT
on
“NAME OF PROJECT”

Submitted to
KIIT Deemed to be University
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of

BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
BY

GROUP MEMBER A ROLL NUMBER A

GROUP MEMBER B ROLL NUMBER B
GROUP MEMBER C ROLL NUMBER C
GROUP MEMBER D ROLL NUMBER D

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

GUIDE NAME

SCHOOL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

KALINGA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
BHUBANESWAE, ODISHA -751024
May 2022
 KIIT Deemed to be University
School of Computer Engineering
Bhubaneswar, ODISHA 751024

CERTIFICATE
This is certify that the project entitled
“BLOCKCHAIN BASED CROWD FUNDING“
submitted by

PROMISE DAS 2006450

ABHISEK MOHAPATRA 2006472

is a record of bonafide work carried out by them, in the partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Sci-
ence & Engineering OR Information Technology) at KIIT Deemed to be university,
Bhubaneswar. This work is done during year 2023-2024, under our guidance.

Date: / /

(Guide Name)
Project Guide
 Acknowledgements

We are profoundly grateful to ARUP SARKAR of Affiliation for his expert

guidance and continuous encouragement throughout to see that this project rights its
target since its commencement to its completion. .....................

PROMISE DAS
ABHISEK MOHAPTRA
 ABSTRACT
Blockchain is a technology that is developed using a
combination of various techniques such as
mathematics, algorithms, cryptography, economic
models, and so [Link] our topic is on crowd
[Link] is crowd funding?…

Blockchain-based crowdfunding, also known as Initial

Coin Offering (ICO) or Initial Token Offering (ITO), is a
new way of fundraising that utilizes blockchain
technology to provide a transparent and decentralized
platform for investors to participate in funding new
projects. In this model, the project initiators issue a
cryptocurrency or a digital token in exchange for
investment, which can be traded on a cryptocurrency
exchange. Blockchain technology ensures the security
and transparency of transactions, as well as the
immutable nature of the information recorded on the
blockchain. This eliminates the need for intermediaries
and reduces the cost of fundraising for both the project
initiators and investors. Moreover, blockchain-based
crowdfunding provides a global reach and access to a
wider pool of investors who can participate in funding
projects from anywhere in the world. However, as with
any emerging technology, there are still challenges and
regulatory uncertainties surrounding blockchain-based
crowdfunding. Nevertheless, it has the potential to
revolutionize the traditional fundraising model and
bring about a more democratized and inclusive
economy.
.
Contents
1 Introduction 1

2 Basic Concepts/ Literature Review 2

2.1 Sub Section Name........................... 2

3 Problem Statement / Requirement Specifications 3

3.1 Project Planning........................... 3
3.2 Project Analysis (SRS)................. 3
3.3 System Design ………………….. 3
3.3.1 Design Constraints …… 3
3.3.2 System Architecture (UML) / Block Diagram … 3

4 Implementation 4
4.1 Methodology / Proposal ........................... 4
4.2 Testing / Verification Plan ……………. 4
4.3 Result Analysis / Screenshots …………. 4
4.4 Quality Assurance …………………….. 4

5 Standard Adopted 5
5.1 Design Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5.2 Coding Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5.3 Testing Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

6 Conclusion and Future Scope 6

6.1 Conclusion ……………………….. 6
6.2 Future Scope ………………………. 6

References 7

Individual Contribution 8

Plagiarism Report 9
List of Figures

1.1 IMAGE CAPTION ......................... 2

4.1 IMAGE CAPTION ......................... 9

 NAME OF PROJECT

Introduction
The current need for blockchain-based crowdfunding arises from the limitations of traditional
fundraising methods. Traditional fundraising often involves intermediaries such as banks or
venture capitalists, which can lead to high fees, limited access to funding, and a lack of
transparency in the investment process. In addition, traditional fundraising is often restricted to
accredited investors, which can exclude individuals and small businesses from participating in
funding new projects.

Blockchain-based crowdfunding, on the other hand, provides a more transparent,

decentralized, and secure platform for fundraising. It allows for a wider pool of investors to
participate, including those who may not have access to traditional funding channels. It also
provides greater transparency in the investment process by recording all transactions on the
blockchain, which is a public ledger that can be accessed by anyone.

Moreover, blockchain-based crowdfunding has the potential to democratize the investment

landscape by eliminating the need for intermediaries, reducing fees, and providing a more
accessible and inclusive funding environment. This is particularly important for emerging
industries such as blockchain technology, where traditional funding sources may be reluctant
to invest due to regulatory uncertainties and lack of familiarity with the technology.

Overall, the current need for blockchain-based crowdfunding arises from the desire for a more
efficient, transparent, and accessible funding model that can support the growth of new and
innovative projects.

Figure 1.1: IMAGE CAPTION

School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR

 NAME OF PROJECT

Chapter 2
Basic Concepts/ Literature Review
Block chain-based Crowdfunding:

Blockchain-based crowdfunding, also known as Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs), is

a type of crowdfunding that uses blockchain technology to issue and manage
tokens or digital assets. Unlike traditional crowdfunding, where backers receive
equity or rewards, ICOs offer tokens that can be used for various purposes, such
as accessing a platform, using a service, or participating in a project. Blockchain-
based crowdfunding eliminates the need for intermediaries, such as banks or
crowdfunding platforms, reducing transaction costs and increasing transparency.

2.1 [Link]:
[Link] is a popular front-end JavaScript library used to build user interfaces. It
allows developers to create reusable UI components and manage the state of an
application efficiently. [Link] uses a virtual DOM (Document Object Model)
that reduces the need for direct manipulation of the actual DOM, improving
performance and rendering speed.

2.2 Tailwind CSS:

Tailwind CSS is a utility-first CSS framework used to build responsive user
interfaces. It provides a set of pre-defined CSS classes that can be used to style
HTML elements, reducing the need for custom CSS code. Tailwind CSS allows
developers to create consistent, responsive designs quickly and easily.

2.3 ThirdWeb:
ThirdWeb is a decentralized platform that allows developers to build dApps
using various blockchain protocols. It provides a set of tools and libraries that
simplify the process of building and deploying dApps. ThirdWeb supports
multiple blockchain protocols, including Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, and
Polygon.

2.4 Hardhat:
Hardhat is a development environment for Ethereum-based dApps. It provides a
set of tools for compiling, testing, and deploying smart contracts, as well as a
local blockchain for testing purposes. Hardhat supports various Ethereum
networks, including the main network, test networks, and private networks.
Chapter 3

Problem Statement / Requirement

Specifications

In this section, write the Problem Statement (the problem for which you are
working on to give some solution). When a student works on any development
project, they must gain sufficient knowledge related to the project and based on
this they can define a problem statement. In software development projects, the
student must present the SRS according to the IEEE format, in this section.

3.1 Project Planning

Write about the steps to be followed while planning to execute the project
development. It can be represented using list of requirements of the user or
features to be developed.

3.2 Project Analysis

After the requirements are collected or the problem statements is conceptualized,

this needs to be analyzed for finding any short of ambiguity, mistake, etc.

3.3 System Design

3.3.1 Design Constraints

Here you can mention the working environment such as the software,
hardware used. Any experimental setup or environmental setup must be
described here.

3.3.2 System Architecture OR Block Diagram

In this sub-section, explain the System Architecture / Hardware
Designs / Block Diagrams used to understand your project work.
School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR 3

NAME OF PROJECT

Chapter 4

Implementation
In this section, present the implementation done by you during the project
development.

4.1 Methodology OR Proposal

This sub-section contain the methods you have used to complete the project, or
some algorithms used and developed for your project work. Details about the
steps adopted for competing the project work.

4.2 Testing OR Verification Plan

After project work is compete, it must have some verification criterion so that we
can decide whether the project satisfactorily completed or not. This is called
Testing or verification. For example, in software development, some test case
must be included and used to verify the outcome of the project.

Test Test Case Title Test Condition System Behavior Expected Result
ID
T01 AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD
T02 AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD
T03 AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD

4.3 Result Analysis OR Screenshots

In this subsection, the output of the experiment or study in terms of some graphs,
plots must be presented. Also, if some implementation is done then it’s
screenshots can be presented here, so as to showcase the proof of the output.

4.4 Quality Assurance

In the working organization, if some department is there to verify the quality of
your work, they can produce a certificate or guidelines followed.
School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR 4
 NAME OF PROJECT

Chapter 5

Standards Adopted

5.1 Design Standards

In all the engineering streams, there are predefined design standards are present
such as IEEE, ISO etc. List all the recommended practices for project design. In
software the UML diagrams or database design standards also can be followed.

5.2 Coding Standards

Coding standards are collections of coding rules, guidelines, and best practices.
Few of the coding standards are:
1. Write as few lines as possible.
2. Use appropriate naming conventions.
3. Segment blocks of code in the same section into paragraphs.
4. Use indentation to marks the beginning and end of control structures. Clearly
specify the code between them.
5. Don’t use lengthy functions. Ideally, a single function should carry out a
single task.
…...

5.3 Testing Standards

There are some ISO and IEEE standards for quality assurance and testing of the
product. Mention the standards followed for testing and verification of your
project work.

School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR 5

 NAME OF PROJECT

Chapter 6

Conclusion and Future Scope

6.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, blockchain-based crowdfunding has the potential to revolutionize
the way individuals and businesses raise capital. It provides a high level of
security, greater accessibility, and the potential for tokenization of assets and
integration with DeFi platforms. As blockchain technology continues to develop
and adoption increases, the future of blockchain-based crowdfunding looks
promising. However, it is important to note that blockchain-based crowdfunding
is still a relatively new concept and requires further development to address the
challenges that come with any emerging technology. Nonetheless, with the
potential benefits it offers, it is an area to watch for anyone interested in the
crowdfunding and blockchain industries.

6.2 Future Scope

The future scope of blockchain-based crowdfunding is promising, and it is expected to grow
significantly in the coming years. Here are some of the potential future developments for
blockchain-based crowdfunding:
Increased Security: One of the most significant benefits of blockchain-based crowdfunding is
that it provides a high level of security. In the future, blockchain-based crowdfunding
platforms will continue to improve security features to protect investors and users from fraud
and cyber-attacks.

Greater Accessibility: Blockchain-based crowdfunding has the potential to make fundraising

more accessible to people worldwide. As blockchain technology becomes more widespread
and easier to use, more people will be able to participate in crowdfunding campaigns from
anywhere in the world.

Smart Contract Integration: Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the
agreement between buyer and seller being directly written into lines of code. In the future,
blockchain-based crowdfunding platforms will likely integrate smart contracts, which will
streamline the crowdfunding process and automate the release of funds.

Tokenization of Assets: Tokenization is the process of converting a physical asset into a

digital token. This could be used to represent assets like real estate, art, or stocks, and make it
easier for individuals to invest in such assets through crowdfunding.

Integration with DeFi: Decentralized finance (DeFi) has been growing rapidly in recent years,
and blockchain-based crowdfunding could be integrated with DeFi platforms to provide more
opportunities for investors and fundraisers.
Overall, the future scope for blockchain-based crowdfunding is vast, and it will continue to
evolve as the technology develops and adoption increases.
 NAME OF PROJECT

References
[1 ]S. M. Metev and V. P. Veiko, Laser Assisted Microtechnology, 2nd ed., R. M. Osgood, Jr., Ed. Berlin,
Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1998.

[2] Breckling, Ed., The Analysis of Directional Time Series: Applications to Wind Speed and Direction, ser.
Lecture Notes in Statistics. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 1989, vol. 61.

[3] S. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. K. O. Sin, and P. K. T. Mok, “A novel ultrathin elevated channel low-temperature poly-
Si TFT,” IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 20, pp. 569–571, Nov. 1999.

[4] M. Wegmuller, J. P. von der Weid, P. Oberson, and N. Gisin, “High resolution fiber distributed measurements
with coherent OFDR,” in Proc. ECOC’00, 2000, paper 11.3.4, p. 109.

[5] R. E. Sorace, V. S. Reinhardt, and S. A. Vaughn, “High-speed digital-to-RF converter,” U.S. Patent 5 668
842, Sept. 16, 1997.

[6] (2002) The IEEE website. [Online]. Available: [Link]

[7] M. Shell. (2002) IEEEtran homepage on CTAN. [Online]. Available:

[Link]

School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR 7

 NAME OF PROJECT

SAMPLE INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION REPORT:

<TITLE OF THE PROJECT IN FONT SIZE 14, FONT STYLE TIMES

NEW ROMAN, BOLD AND CENTERED>

<Student Name (in capital letters in font size 12, Times New Roman and
centered>
<Student Roll number (font size 12, Times New Roman and centered>

Abstract: A short description of the aim and objective of the project work carried out in 3-4
lines. This part should be common to all students in the group. The font size and style will
remain same from this point onwards. The font size will be 12 and font style will be Times
New Roman. The line spacing will be 1.5.
This report should be prepared in A4 page format with ‘default’ option under ‘Margin’ of the
‘Page Layout’ tab in Microsoft Word. Word limit for this section is 80.

Individual contribution and findings: The student should clearly indicate his/her role
in the project group and the contribution in implementing the project work. The student should
also outline his /her planning involved in implementing his/her part in the work. This
contribution report should be different for every student in the group. The student would also
write his./her technical findings and experience while implementing the corresponding part of
the project. The overall contribution report should not be less than 1 page for each student.
The Student should provide both the soft copy and signed hard copy to the project supervisor.

Individual contribution to project report preparation: Student should mention

his/her role in preparing the group project report indicating which chapter and portions
contributed.

Individual contribution for project presentation and demonstration: Student

should mention his/her role in preparing presentations and part of the project demonstrated.

Full Signature of Supervisor: Full signature of the

student:
……………………………. ……………………………..
School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR 8

TURNITIN PLAGIARISM REPORT

(This report is mandatory for all the projects and plagiarism
must be below 25%)

School of Computer Engineering, KIIT, BBSR 9