Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits

JEE EXPERT
[PHYSICS – PRACTICE SHEET]
TOPIC: ALTERNATING CURRENT & CIRCUITS
*Marked Questions have more than one option correct

Q.1 The direct current which would give the same heating effect in an equal
constant resistance as the current shown in figure, i.e. the r.m.s. current,
is
(A) zero (B) 2 A
(C) 2A (D) 2 2 A

Q.2 The effective value of current i = 2 sin 100  t + 2 sin(100  t + 30°) is :

(A) 2 A (B) 2 2 + 3 (C) 4 (D) None

Q.3 An AC current is given by I = I0 + I1 sin wt then its rms value will be

(A) I 02 + 0.5I12 (B) 0.5 I 02 + 0.5 I12 (C) 0 (D) I 02 / 2

Q.4 If I1, I2, I3 and I4 are the respective r.m.s. values of the time varying currents as shown in the four cases
I, II, III and IV. Then identify the correct relations.

(A) I1 = I2 = I3 = I4 (B) I3 > I1 = I2 > I4 (C) I3 > I4 > I2 = I1 (D) I3 > I2 > I1 > I4

Q.1 The phase difference between current and voltage in an AC circuit is /4 radian. If the frequency of
AC is 50 Hz, then the phase difference is equivalent to the time difference:
(A) 0.78 s (B) 15.7 ms (C) 0.25 s (D) 2.5 ms

Q.2 The power factor of the circuit is 1 / 2 . The capacitance of the circuit
is equal to
(A) 400 F (B) 300 F
(C) 500 F (D) 200 F

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits

Q.3 In the circuit, as shown in the figure, if the value of R.M.S current is
2.2 ampere, the power factor of the box is
(A) 1 / 2 (B) 1
(C) 3 / 2 (D) 1/2

Q.4 Power factor of an L-R series circuit is 0.6 and that of a C–R series circuit is 0.5. If the element (L, C,
and R) of the two circuits are joined in series the power factor of this circuit is found to be 1. The ratio
of the resistance in the L-R circuit to the resistance in the C–R circuit is
(A) 6/5 (B) 5/6 (C) 4 / 3 3 (D) 3 3 / 4

Q.5 In series LR circuit XL = 3R. Now a capacitor with XC = R is added in series. Ratio of new to old
power factor is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 1 / 2 (D) 2

Q.6 An inductive circuit contains resistance of 10  and an inductance of 2.0 H. If an AC voltage of 120
V and frequency 60 Hz is applied to this circuit, the current would be nearly:
(A) 0.8 A (B) 0.48 A (C) 0.16 A (D) 0.32 A

Q.7 When 100 V DC is applied across a solenoid a current of 1 A flows in it. When 100 V AC is applied
across the same coil, the current drops to 0.5 A. If the frequency of the AC source is 50 Hz, the
impedance and inductance of the solenoid are:
(A) 100, 0.93 H (B) 200, 1.0 H (C) 10, 0.86H (D) 200, 0.55 H

Q.8 When a 15 V dc source was applied across a choke coil then a current of 5 Amp flows in it. If the same
coil is connected to a 15 V, 50 rad/s AC source, a current of
3 A flows in the circuit. Determine the inductance of the coil. Also, find the power developed in the
circuit and its resonance frequency if a 2500 f capacitor is connected in series with the coil.

Q.9 An ideal choke takes a current of 8 A when connected to an a.c. source of 100 volt and 50Hz. A pure
resistor under the same conditions takes a current of 10A. If two are connected in series to an a.c.
supply of 100V and 40Hz, then the current in the series combination of above resistor and inductor is
(A) 10A (B) 8A
(C) 5 2 A (D) 10 2 A

Q.10 A capacitor C = 2mF and an inductor with L = 10 H and coil resistance 5 W are in series in a circuit.
When an alternating current of r.m.s. value 2A flows in the circuit, the average power in watts in the
circuit is
(A) 100 (B) 50 (C) 20 (D) 10

Q.11 An ideal choke takes a current of 8 A when connected to an a.c. source of 100 volt and 50Hz. A pure
resistor under the same conditions takes a current of 10A. If two are connected in series to an a.c. supply
of 100V and 40Hz, then the current in the series combination of above resistor and inductor is
(A) 10A (B) 8A
(C) 5 2 amp (D) 10 2 amp

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits
Q.12* In a series LCR circuit, different physical quantities vary with frequency . (I)
Which of the following curves represent correct frequency variation of the (III)

corresponding quantity? y (IV)

(A) Curve I for R (II)
x
(B) Curve II for current I
(C) Curve III for XL
(D) Curve IV for XC

Q.13* Equal direct and alternating voltages are maintained across two identical coils A and B respectively.
(In the case of alternating quantities RMS values are to be considered). Then
(A) power dissipated in A is more (B) both coils dissipate equal power
(C) EMF induced in B is more (D) electromagnetic energy in A is more.

Q.14 An AC source of angular frequency  is fed across a resistor R and a capacitor C in series. The current
registered is I. If now the frequency of source is changed to /3 (but maintaining the same voltage),
the current in the circuit is found to be halved. The ratio of reactance to resistance at the original
frequency  will be.
3 5
(A) (B)
5 3
(C) 3/5 (D) 5/3

Q.15 An AC voltage source of variable angular frequency  and fixed amplitude V0 is connected in series
with a capacitance C and an electric bulb of resistance R (inductance zero). When  is increased
(A) the bulb glows dimmer (B) the bulb glows brighter
(C) total impedance of the circuit is unchanged (D) total impedance of the circuit increases

Q.16 For a series R – C circuit the input voltage is V = V0 (1 + cos t ) . Then the output voltage across
Capacitor is
V0 V0
(A) V0 + Cos (t − tan −1  RC ) (B) Cos (t − tan −1  RC )
R + (1/ C ) R + (1/ C )
2 2 2 2

2V0 V0
(C) Cos (t − tan −1  RC ) (D) Cos (t − tan −1  RC )
R 2 + (1/ C ) 2 R 2 + (1/ C )
2 2

Q.17 For the series network shown in figure, find out

(i) the peak current,
(ii) impedance,
(iii) power factor
(iv) power consumed and (v) the expression for the
instantaneous current, if e = 100 sin (314 t) volts. (given tan–1
(4/3) = 53.13°)

Q.18 (a) Find supply voltage V.

(b) Find the power factor of circuit and nature of the circuit (capacitive
or inductive).

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits
Passage for Questions 19, 20 & 21
There is a series LCR circuit (as shown). An alternating source of P Q
emf having voltage V = V0 Sin  t is applied between M & N. R C ))
)L
)

Here VM – VN = V0 Sin  t and

1
− L = R
M : N
C V0 S i n  t

Q.19 The potential difference across R has got a phase difference of from that of alternating source of emf.
where
 
(A)  = (B)  = 0 (C)  = (D)  = 
2 4
Q.20 R.M.S value of potential difference across capacitor will be
V V0
(A) 0 (B) V0  R C (C) Zero (D)
2 2 RC

Q.21 Potential difference across inductor i.e. VQ – VN is

V  3  V
(A) 0  L sin  t +  (B) 0  L sin (t )
2R  4  2R
V   V  3 
(C) 0  L sin  t +  (D) 0  L sin  t − 
2R  2 2R  4 

Q.22 An LCR series circuit with 100 resistance is connected to an ac source of 200 V and angular
frequency 300 rad/s. When only the capacitance is removed, the current lags behind the voltage by
60. When only the inductance is removed, the current leads the voltage by 60. Calculate the current
and the power dissipated in the LCR circuit.

Q.23 An ac-circuit having supply voltage E consists of a resistor of resistance 3 and

an inductor of reactance 4 as shown in the figure. The voltage across the
inductor at t = T/2 is
(A) 2 volts (B) 10 volts
(C) zero (D) 4.8 volts
Q.24 Let f = 50 Hz, and C = 100 F in an AC circuit containing a capacitor only. If the peak value of the
current in the circuit is 1.57 A at t = 0. The expression for the instantaneous voltage across the capacitor
will be
(A) E = 50 sin (100 t – /2) (B) E = 100 sin (50 t)
(C) E = 50 sin 100 t (D) E = 50 sin (100 t + /2)

Q.25 A solenoid with inductance L = 7 mH and active resistance R = 44  is first connected to a source of
direct voltage V0 and then to a sinusoidal voltage with effective voltage V0. At what frequency of the
oscillator will the power consumed by the solenoid be  = 5.0 times less than in former case?

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits

Q.1 A coil, a capacitor and an A.C. source of rms voltage 24 V are connected in series. By varying the
frequency of the source, a maximum rms current of 6 A is observed. If this coil is connected to a
battery of emf 12 V and internal resistance 4, the current through it will be
(A) 2.4 A (B) 1.8 A (C) 1.5 A (D) 1.2 A

Passage for Questions 2 & 3

A student constructs a series RLC circuit. While operating the circuit at a frequency f, he uses an AC
voltmeter and measures the potential difference across each device as (VR)max = 4.8 V,
(VL)max = 29 V, and (VC)max = 20 V.
Q.2 How should the frequency of this circuit be changed to increase the current im through the circuit?
(A) Increase f (B) Decrease f
(C) The current is already at a maximum (D) There is not enough information to answer the question

Q.3 What will happen to the value of (VL)max if the frequency is adjusted to increase the current through
the circuit?
(A) (VL)max will increase (B) (VL)max will decrease
(C) (VL)max will remain the same regardless of any changes to f.
(D) The current is already at a maximum
(E) There is not enough information to answer the question

Q.4 A resistor R, an inductor L and a capacitor C are connected in series to a source of frequency n. If the
resonant frequency is nr, then the current lags behind voltage when
(A) n = 0 (B) n < nr
(C) n = nr (D) n > nr

Q.5 The power in ac circuit is given by P = ErmsIrmscos. The vale of cos  in series LCR circuit at resonance
is:
(A) zero (B) 1 (C) 1/2 (D) 1 / 2

Q.6 A series circuit consisting of a capacitor and a coil of active resistance is connected to a sinusoidal
source of harmonic voltage whose frequency can be varied keeping the voltage amplitude constant.
At frequencies 1 and 2 the current amplitudes are n times less than the resonant amplitude. Then
the resonant frequency is

12
(A) 12 (B) 1 / 2 (C) 12 / n (D)
n

Q.7 A LCR circuit has L =10 mH, R = 3 ohms and C = 1 F connected in series to a source of 15 cos t
volts. Calculate the current amplitude and the average power dissipated per cycle at a frequency that
is 10 % lower than the resonance frequency.

Q.8 A box P and a coil Q are connected in series with an ac source of variable frequency. The emf of the
source is constant at 10 V. Box P contains a capacitance of 1 F in series with a resistance of 32 .
Coil Q has a self-inductance 4.9 mH and a resistance of 68  in series. The frequency is adjusted so
that the maximum current flows in P and Q. Find the impedance of P and Q at this frequency. Also
find the voltage across P and Q respectively.

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits

Q.1 In a series CR circuit shown in figure, the applied voltage is 10 V

and the voltage across capacitor is found to be 8V. Then the voltage
across R, and the phase difference between current and the applied
voltage will respectively be
4 3
(A) 6V, tan −1   (B) 3V, tan −1  
3 4
5
(C) 6V, tan −1   (D) none
3

Q.2 In the circuit shown if the emf of source at an instant is 5 V, the potential
difference across capacitor at the same instant is 4 V. The potential difference
across R at that instant can be
(A) 3V (B) 9V (C) 3 / 2 V (D) none

Q.3 In the circuit diagram shown, XC = 100 , XL = 200  and

R = 100 . The effective current through the source is
(A) 2 A (B) 2 A
(C) 0.5 A (D) 2 2 A

Q.4 The circuit shown is in a uniform magnetic field that is into the page and is
decreasing in magnitude at the rate of 150 tesla/second. The ideal ammeter reads
(A) 0.15 A (B) 0.35 A (C) 0.50 A (D) 0.65 A

Q.5 In the figure, if IL = 0.8 A, IC = 0.6 A, then I = ?

(A) 0.4 A (B) 0.2 A
(C) 1.0 A (D) 1.4 A

Q.6 In the figure the reading of voltmeter is

(A) 6 V (B) 90 V
(C) 10 V (D) 0 V

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits
Passage for Questions 7 & 8
A student constructs a series RLC circuit. While operating the circuit at a frequency f she uses an AC
voltmeter and measures the potential difference across each device as (VR)max = 8.8 V,
(VL)max = 2.6 V, and (VC)max = 7.4 V.

Q.7 The circuit is constructed so that the inductor is next to the capacitor. What result should the student
expect for a measurement of the combined potential difference (VL+ VC)max across the inductor and
capacitor?
(A) 10.0 V (B) 7.8 V (C) 7.4 V (D) 4.8 V

Q.8 What result should the student expect for a measurement of the amplitude Em of the potential difference
across the power supply?
(A) 18.8 V (B) 13.6 V (C) 10.0 V (D) 4.0 V

Q.9 The rms readings of voltmeters V1, V2, V3 are 150V, 130V and
120V respectively. Find the applied ac rms voltage and
power factor of the circuit.

Passage for Questions 10 & 11

In the RLC series circuit shown, the readings of voltmeters are V1 =

150 V, V2 = 50 V and the source has emf 130 V
Q.10 Find the power factor of the circuit
(A) 3/5 (B) 4/5 (C) 12/13 (D) 5/13

Q.11 Values of VL and VC are respectively

(A) 90 V and 40 V (B) 100 V and 50 V (C) 70 V and 20 V (D) 10 V and 40 V

Q.12 An AC voltage V is applied across a series combination of R, L and C. If V RL, VLC and VRC be the
voltage drops across resistor and inductor, inductor and capacitor and resistor and capacitor
respectively, then
(A) VRL < V (B) VRC < V
(C) VLC < V (D) VLC = V

Q.13 The given figure represents the phasor diagram of a series LCR circuit
connected to an ac source. At the instant t when the source voltage
is given by V = V0cos t, the current in the circuit will be
(A) I = I0 cos (t + /6) (B) I = I0 cos(t – /6)
(C) I = I0 cos (t + /3) (D) I = I0 cos(t – /3)

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits
Q.14 The current I, potential difference VL across the inductor and potential
difference VC across the capacitor in circuit as shown in the figure are
best represented vectorially as

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.15 In the shown AC circuit phase different between currents I1 and I2 is

 X   X − XC   −1  X L    X − XC 
(A) − tan −1  L  (B) tan −1  L  (C) + tan   (D) + tan −1  L 
2  R   R  2  R  2  R 

Q.16 The A.C. circuit shown in figure. Find the frequency (0) of the AC voltage
source so that current through the source will be in same phase
as of voltage of source.
1 R2 1 R2
(A) 0 = + (B) 0 = −
LC L2 LC L2
1 1 R2 R
(C) 0 = (D) 0 = + +
LC LC 4 L 2 L

Q.17 A resistance & ideal inductor is connected in the A.C. circuit. Here
V1, V2 & V3 are the reading of three hotwire ideal voltmeter
(A) V3 = V2 + V1
(B) V3 > (V1 + V2)
(C) V3 < (V1 + V2)
(D) information is insufficient to decide

Q.18 In ac circuit when ac ammeter is connected it reads i current if a student uses dc ammeter in place of
ac ammeter the reading in the dc ammeter will be:
(A) i / 2 (B) i 2 (C) 0.637 i (D) zero

L
Q.19 In the circuit shown in the figure, R = . Switch S is closed at time t
C
= 0. The current through C and L would be equal after a time t equal to:
(A) CR (B) CR ln (2)
(C) L / R ln 2 (D) LR

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits
Q.20 A series circuit consisting of an inductance free resistance R = 0.16 k and a coil with active
resistance is connected to the mains with effective voltage V = 220 Volt. Find the heat power
generated in the coil if the effective voltage across the resistance R and the coil are equal to V1 = 80
Volt and V2 = 180 Volt respectively.
Q.21 Find the quality factor of an oscillating circuit connected in series to a source of alternating emf if at
resonance the voltage across the capacitor is n times that of the source.
Q.22 An oscillating circuit consisting of a coil and a capacitor connected in series is fed an alternating emf,
with the coil inductance being chosen to provide the maximum current in the circuit. Find the quality
factor of the system, provided n times increase of inductance results in an  times decrease of the
current in the circuit.
Q.23 A series circuit consisting of a capacitor and a coil with active resistance is connected to a source of
harmonic voltage whose amplitude is constant and frequency can be varied. At the frequencies 1
and 2 the current amplitudes are n times less than the resonance amplitude. Find (a) the resonant
frequency (b) The quality factor of the circuit
Q.24 A circuit consisting of a capacitor and a coil in series is connected to the alternating source of emf.
Varying the capacitance of the capacitor, the heat power generated in the coil was increased n times.
How much was the power factor changed in this process?
Q.25. A coil with inductance L = 0.70 H and active resistance r = 20  is connected in series with an
inductance free resistance R. An alternating voltage with effective value V = 220 Volt and frequency
 = 314 sec-1 is applied across the terminals of this circuit. At what value of the resistance R will the
maximum heat power be generated in the circuit? What is it equal to?

Q.1 C Q.2 D Q.3 A Q.4 B

Q.1 C Q.2 C Q.3 A Q.4 D Q.5 D Q.6 C Q.7 D

Q.8 L = 0.08 Henry, 27 W, 11.25 Hz Q.9 C Q.10 C Q.11 C Q.12 AC
Q.13 ACD Q.14 A Q.15 B Q.16 A
Q.17 (i) 10, (ii) 10 amperes, (iii) 0.6, (iv) 300 watt, (v) 10 sin (314 t + 53.13°)
Q.18 (a) 11.2 volt or 5 5 , (b) 0.45 As VC > VL, circuit is capacitive Q.19 C Q.20 D
Q.21 A Q.22 2A, 400W Q.23 D Q.24 C
Q.25 2 kHz

Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 A Q.4 D Q.5 B Q.6 A

Q.7 0.704 A, 5.2  10-3 J
Q.8 ZP = 77 , ZQ = 97.6 , VP = 7.7 V and VQ = 9.76 V

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 Practice Sheet – Alternating Current & Circuits

Q.1 A Q.2 B Q.3 A Q.4 B Q.5 B Q.6 D Q.7 D

3
Q.8 C Q.9 (i) 40 10 V, (ii) Q.10 C Q.11 A Q.12 C
10
Q.13 B Q.14 D Q.15 C Q.16 B Q.17 C Q.18 D Q.19 B
Q.20 30 Watt

Q.21 n 2 − 1/ 4

n2 − 1 1
Q.22 −
( n − 1)
2
4

12 ( n 2 − 1) 1
Q.23 (a) 12 (b) −
(2 − 1 ) 4
2

Q.24 Increased by n − 1 times

V2
Q.25 For R = L – r = 0.20 k; Pmax = = 0.11kW
2 L

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