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Understanding Digital Signals and Bit Rates

The document discusses digital signals, focusing on the concepts of bit rate and bit length, and their relationship with examples. It highlights the significance of digital signals in modern communication and explains how they can be represented as composite analog signals. Additionally, it includes activities to calculate required bit rates for various applications and emphasizes the importance of understanding digital signals for designing better communication systems.

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mayankoperax
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7 views14 pages

Understanding Digital Signals and Bit Rates

The document discusses digital signals, focusing on the concepts of bit rate and bit length, and their relationship with examples. It highlights the significance of digital signals in modern communication and explains how they can be represented as composite analog signals. Additionally, it includes activities to calculate required bit rates for various applications and emphasizes the importance of understanding digital signals for designing better communication systems.

Uploaded by

mayankoperax
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DIGITAL SIGNALS: Bit Rate, Bit Length, Digital

Signal as a Composite Analog Signal

Session No.: 11
Course Name: Data Communication and Networking
Course Code: R1UC406B
Instructor Name:
Duration: 50 min
Date of Conduction of Class: April ’ 2025

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outcomes (1-2)

Explain the relationship between


bit rate and bit length with an
example.

Recognize that digital


signals can be represented
as composite analog signals.

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Previous Topic

Composite Signals, Bandwidth

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Opening Questions?

Spot the Signals Why digital?


We will dive deeper into why.
Look around you.
Digital signals are everywhere!
• Remote controls
• Smartphones
• Routers

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What are Digital Signals?
Digital Defined
Discrete values, usually 0s and 1s.

Digital vs. Analog


Clear, distinct levels vs. continuous waves.

Why They Matter


The backbone of modern communication.

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Bit Rate and Bit Length
1 Bit Rate 2 Bit Length
Bits per second (bps). The length of one bit in the
Affected by bandwidth, noise, transmission medium.
and distance.

3 Formula
Bit Length = Propagation Speed x bit duration

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Activity
• A digitized voice channel, is made by digitizing a 4-kHz bandwidth analog
voice signal. We need to sample the signal at twice the highest frequency
(two samples per hertz). We assume that each sample requires 8 bits. What
is the required bit rate?
• Assume we need to download text documents at the rate of 100 pages per
second. What is the required bit rate of the channel? A page is an average
of 24 lines with 80 characters in each line. If we assume that one character
requires 8 bits
• HDTV uses digital signals to broadcast high quality video signals. The HDTV
screen is normally a ratio of 16 : 9 (in contrast to 4 : 3 for regular TV), which
means the screen is wider. There are 1920 by 1080 pixels per screen, and
the screen is renewed 30 times per second. Twenty-four bits represents one
color pixel. What is the Bit rate?

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Digital Signal as Composite Analog Signal
Digital is Composite
1 Represented by multiple sine waves.

Fourier Analysis
2 Harmonics.

Bandwidth
3 Considerations.

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Think-Pair-Share
Question

Draw Time and frequency Domain of Periodic


and nonperiodic digital signals

Think
Consider individually for 3 minutes.

Pair
Discuss with a partner for 5 minutes.

Share
Share insights with the class (7 min).

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Conclusion
Digital Signals
Fundament of modern comms.

Bit Rate

Bit Length

Digital signals as Composite analog signals

How does the understanding of digital signals help in designing better communication systems?

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Next Topic
Transmission of Digital Signals

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