Disk Washer method Shell method
fa 21T x
f fix gex dx
withoutthe integral
fa 3 9a 2
3
TEA As
f a ga 1
ga
51
glaAg
a
now what if wemultiplied this by
27A this wouldbe a circumference
around the
y axis
217A Fla g a
As91174 Iga Fca g a
Q I
now imagine wewantedtomake this Area avolume
howcould we dothis note this isnot a volume it's ashell like
A we could multiply by a valve a b h a pieceofpaper
Fca g a 2170 is likeanarea
h
now imagine we wanted to make
this shell into a Volume
we wouldmultiply it by a distance b a
h
ba
ya
Madeby
If Ian Wilson
a
So we wouldhavesomethinglike
our equationwould look like
271a fca g a b a
a b it ffa gta
this would be oneblockvolumethis is similar
now if we want toaddmultipleofthese
to a remanSum
Volumes together wecoulddoSomethingHue
Where
a b DX Fca Gca fix glx 21Tbff b
atrafcagca b a
gb C b
I fix glx SX
cb
thismeansweadd multiplediskvolumestogether
ba
Tfc
Tt fix
x al I 1
s
now if we wantedto add a lot ofthese
nowimagine we madeDXSmall
we couldgeneralize it by
buthad a continuous disks
n
wewouldhave ΔX h
21x f x gx DX
b IT fix Gex DX where DX is b a or c b
and Sx
note thisisthe definitionofanintegral
fitfix x dx and if we wanted to adda continuous
ammount of Shells wecoulddo
ME421T fix gex Ax
and by fundamentalthrmofcalculusthisisthe
Same as
faxFIX 911dx IntoL
Madeby
Ian Wilson
Now lets draw some conclusion
based on how constructed
Disk Washermethod Shell method
Ex Ix dx V 2ITx fix g x dx
V I
Rotatesaround theX axis Rotatesaboutthe Yaxis
V I Exn Glxn dx V 2T h fix g x dx
Rotatesaround thelineY h RotatesaboutthetimeX h
how aboutdy how aboutdy
V 1 5 94dy V any fan gaddy
Rotatesaroundthe RotatesaroundtheX axis
y axis
I [Link] V 2T Y h FG gY dY
V madeby
w
around around
oa oa
A coupple Examples
Steps to Solve
I Identify themethodconvenienttouse
2 identify intersectionpoints
3 findwhichfunction isontop note Sometimesmore complexthanrealized
4 Plugintointegral
5 Solve
findthe Volumebetween X t2 y and BX 1 4 on the interval 22 21
When rotated about the time 3
Step I I notice transforming eitherofthesefunctions into functionsof y
Could possibly be impossible therefore want tochoose a method where I don't
havetotransform thefunction
Since I have to rotate it aboutthe the 3 I will lookforan equation
that is interms of androtates about a line X h
Shell method
21T x h fix g x dx
RotatesaboutthetimeX h
Step 2 findwhichfunction is theouterfunction on the rotation
find intersectionpoints by setting equations equal
2
3 24 P I
73 2 3 1 0 notice this is a binomial expansion of
so therefore
theyintersect at 1
Madeby
Ian Wilson
we have 2 Cases 1 and XY 1
In eachcase find whichfunction is further from thetime 3
Step 3
note this is what they look like
and thats to the right of
our intersectionpoint
Since the line is 3 the Closer function will be the
function with lower value of y for anypointX Why
for the interval 1 3 32x willbefurther
for the interval 1 X X I will befurther
and since we are looking to find the volume between 24 41
we need 2 diferent integrations
Step4
1 1
521T 3 8 1 3 2 27dx 21T 3 3 2 27 8 1 dx
1
Madeby
evaluate Ian Wilson