PART1
Building Animal Parks
Zoo architects create a large (0) protected area that looks as if it has no boundaries but it does.
In fact, it has (1) __________ and boundaries which are carefully (2) __________ so as to give
the impression that the park is (3) __________, but of course boundaries are necessary to
protect both animals and people. Architects use a(n) (4) __________ of methods to make the
park seem like a distant, wild habitat.
Before changing or improving the environment of the animal park, zoo architects have to (5)
__________ the needs of animals in the wild. For example, if the park has tall-necked giraffes,
then tall trees have to be (6) __________ to accommodate their browsing needs. Tree stumps
are left in the (7) __________ so that rhinoceroses can rub themselves against them. Trees or
plants with lots of thick leaves are used to protect animals and can also be used as hiding
places. Other areas are left barren without vegetation so that animals such as zebras can run
around (8) __________ and roll in the dirt to rid themselves of insects.
1. 2. 3.
A. fences A. masked A. timeless
B. railings B. concealed B. motionless
C. dividers C. buried C. limitless
D. screens D. secret D. useless
4. 5. 6.
A. variation A. sense A. provided
B. amount B. imagine B. presented
C. quantity C. think C. Given
D. variety D. consider D. built
7. 8.
A. floor A. generously
B. ground B. slowly
C. bottom C. freely
D. level D. kindly
PART2
Ben Heck and Bonsai Computing
In America, the country (0) WHERE ‘big is good,’ Ben Heck prefers to make video games and
consoles smaller. That is (9) __________ is meant by Bonsai computing. Bonsai is the art of
growing trees in (10) __________ a way that they stay very small. Ben Heck is very well-known
(11) __________ America because of his funny broadcasts on YouTube and his (12)
__________ TV show. In this show he hacks all sorts of devices (13) __________ his viewers
ask him to, from smartphones to electronic doors and wheelchairs. He changes these objects in
unexpected ways and he also creates new objects from scratch.
But what he is most famous for is deconstructing classic games consoles and giving them
different forms. This is a hobby he's (14) __________ ever since he was a teenager and
became interested in computer gaming. What he does is open up the video games consoles
and take them apart. Then he makes them smaller (15) __________ using modern data storage
and up-to-date components (16) __________ require less power. Finally, he replaces large
parts, such as the screen and keyboard with his own parts.
PART3- STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
Stratford-upon-Avon is a market town in England. It is an extremely popular destination with (0)
TOURISTS ………… because it is the birthplace of William Shakespeare and receives over
three million (17) ………… each year who come to see the house where he was born and the
superb theatre. The first theatre was made of (18) ………… and was washed away by very
heavy rain. A (19) ………… of almost £1,000 was held for a new theatre design and was won by
British architect Elisabeth Scott. Over the years, the new theatre has had many (20) …………
directors.
Stratford is (21) ………… accessible from the M1 motorway and there are also (22) …………
rail links with London and the rest of the country. Apart from its charming architecture, the town’s
(23) ………… on the River Avon provides an attractive setting for tourists and residents alike.
Word options:
(17) VISIT (18) WOOD (19) TOTAL
(20) COMPETE (21) CREATE (22) EASY
(23) EXCEL (24) LOCATE
PART4
[Link] likes to tease me about my hair
She is…….. About my hair ( FOREVER)
26. All of the boys have finished their homework except for Jimmy.
Jimmy is the……… finished his homework ( WHO)
27. Im sorry I didnt invite them to the wedding.
I…….. to the wedding ( WISH)
28. The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop………… for two hours ( SHUT)
29. I promise I will never do that again
I…….. I will never do that again ( GIVE)
30. He found bis glasses when he was cleaning the room
He…… his glasses when he was cleaning the room ( CAME)
PART5
In 2010, Alison Graham completed her BSc in Geography at Sheffield University. After several
weeks of deliberation she decided to do teacher training in the same city, and by September
2011 had started working as a teacher in geography and history at a school in Harrogate. On a
whim, she started to keep a diary, so that in later years she would be able to look back at the
first weeks of her first [Link] also decided to write in detail, as seen in the following entry from
Friday 7th October 2011:
07.30: Arrived at school, checked emails over a coffee. Prepared for the day's teaching, marking
a set of books, doing some last-minute photocopying, sorting out my slides, and making sure I
had enough pens.
08.40: Staff meeting. I voiced a couple of questions about review day. Paul reminded us how
important it was to congratulate all the students who went on the museum trip, which in terms of
school outings was top drawer - the students all enjoyed themselves and their behaviour was
exemplary a credit to the school' were his words. I grabbed another coffee before going off to
registration.
08.50 Registration. The students came in slowly, locked in deep conversations or just staring out
the window. After several minutes I had managed to persuade them to take off their coats and
sit down. I'm pleasantly surprised to discover that we had 100% attendance this week - and this
from a class that had one of the lowest rates in the summer term. An excuse for a little inner
celebration.
09.05: Year 9 geography. My hardest class first up on Friday. As usual, it took 20 minutes to get
them in the room and seated, ready for class. Then it emerged that none of them had a pen, so l
handed them out. I collected the homework - most of them had done it, to my relief. Then I
showed them the slides on the Mediterranean climate, and they were surprisingly interested -
many of them had been to a sun-drenched beach in Spain, Portugal or Greece over the
summer, and they were intrigued to discover why they hadn't seen a drop of rain. Suddenly
Wayne asked,
"Why should I bother to study the climate of somewhere I'll never go to on holiday? Can't we
study the weather of Scarborough instead?" Fortunately the bell went before the laughter had
died down, which meant they all left happy.
10.05: Year 8 history. I managed to get the Elizabethan music playing as the class came in.
Melanie asked, 'Why are all queens called Elizabeth?', which of course caused uproar. We were
diverted with talking generally about the names of kings and queens, and concluded that
Elizabeth was a great name for a queen. This led easily to a discussion of why Elizabeth I is
often considered to be the greatest of Britain's monarchs, and finally, with just 10 minutes left of
class, I managed to introduce the subject of the Spanish Armada. So we had a ten-minute
lesson.
31. Why did Alison decide to write her diary?
A Because she had planned it many years ago.
So she can revisit the start of her career when she is older.
C It is part of the way she wants to teach history.
D Because she really enjoys writing about herself.
32. Why will Alison congratulate the students who went to the museum?
A Because they all passed a test based on what they saw.
Because they enjoyed themselves.
Because they told museum staff how good the school is.
D Because they were very well-behaved.
33. During registration, why was Alison happy?
A None of the students in her class was late for school.
B All of her students took off their coats and sat down.
C All of her students have come to school every day in the week.
D None of her students were misbehaving.
34. What does 'them' refer to in line 22?
A students
B Mediterranean countries
C pens
D slides
35. What was true of the students' summer vacations?
A They had all had beach holidays.
B Many of them had been to Scarborough.
C Wayne had been to Portugal.
D Some of them had been to a Mediterranean country.
[Link] did Alison intend to teach about in Year 8 history?
A Elizabethan music
B the Spanish Armada
C the names of queens
D Britain's greatest king or queen
PART6
Everyone loves dolphins. Their smile is used to sell films and TV programmes, and they area
leading attraction at zoos. Yet, according to the whale and dolphin conservation society,
dolphins are facing great problems. Alicia Stevenson reports.
Forty different kinds of dolphins are recognisedin the world. In the waters of northern Europe,
the most common are the striped, the common and the bottlenose dolphins, and the smaller
harbour porpoise.______They are normally
only seen in small groups, gliding quickly past ships, and little is known about them.
____. Bottlenoses are particularly social and used to be found off the coasts of the English
CHannel and ir river estuaries throughout the country. Now they are found only in the Moray
Firth in Scotland and Cardigan Bay in Wales, and skin injuries found on the few remaining
indicate that they suffer from stress.
Indeed, the population of North Sea harbour porpoises is estimated to have been reduced by up
to 100,000. You might expect such popular animals to be protected by law and taken care of in
specialised marine reserves.____
The complicated lifestyles of dolphins make it difficult to be sure what has caused this reduction
in numbers. Overfishing is almost certainly a contributory factor, as it has greatly reduced the
food supply of porpises and [Link] is particularly problematic because porpoises have to
find their food within a limited time.______
They are also in danger of getting caught in fishermen's nets, as these are thought to be
invisible to them.
Some modern fishingmethods involve using huge nets to float or to be pulled very quickly
through the sea, and these techniques tend to pick up dolphins as well._____. Rope marks and
cuts on their bodies indicate that the main cause of death was that they had been caught in
such nets.
_____One example is pesticides. Because these poisons are soluble in fat, dolphins can digest
them, and they build up in their [Link] females then produce milk which is rich in
pesticides, and pass them on to their [Link] has already been a case of a young dolphin
being killed by its mother's milk.
A In contrast, the large grey bottlenoses and harbour porpoises were once a common sight near
European coasts.
B In recent years, hundreds of dead dolphins have been washed up on the beaches of England
and France.
C Dolphins live in social groups and spend a lot of their time swimming at speed.
D If fish in one area are removed by fishing, they may not survive long enough to find food
elsewhere.
E Another problem is that waste and other dangerous substances found in the sea can be
stored in the bodies of dolphins.
F This is not the case, however, and the lack of a plan to look after them may turn out to be one
of the greatest wildlife disasters of our times.
G The first two of these generally live far out in the open sea.
PART7
Which conductor
- talks about the problem of getting suitable work?
- is glad they did not find success sooner?
- has an open mind about the work they accept?
- enjoys the preparation for a performance?
- received help from a national organisation?
- did not plan to become a conductor?
- created their own company?
- mentions a possible danger they face?
- has had difficulties with other performers?
- had an unexpected opportunity early in their career?
A. Georgina Beaufort
Conducting has come upon me as something of a surprise, Georgina Beaufort admits, 'but it
holds great fascination for me.' It's not such a strange career move, however, as she started out
as a resident musician with an opera house, and worked with good conductors. Last year she
was able to direct Handel's Agrippina from the piano at a festival, something she hadn't done
before. 'It was much less difficult than I thought it would be. Because I knew the music so well, I
knew what I wanted it to sound like. I find I'm benefiting from all my diverse experience, and can
combine it together, both in terms of musical style and actual performance. Now I will do
anything I'm asked to do so that I can find out exactly what l like doing:
B. Lawrence Opie
The most difficult part of being a conductor is deciding how to convince people to give you the
right opportunities,' says Lawrence Opie, 35, who won a major competition in 2010, after twice
failing in other contests. With hindsight, he is grateful for the timing. 'If it had happened any
earlier, I probably would have disappeared without trace,' he says. He sees the next three years
as a crucial time in his career. 'The key thing is to move on from competitions and get regular
work. If I can't do that, then I'm in trouble. I need to convince orchestras like the English
Chamber Orchestra, which took me on after the competition, to invite me back again.'
C. Eleanor Isherwood
Eleanor Isherwood, who set up the Camden Opera, only started conducting regularly in her late
twenties. She loves the long practice period which is part of any opera production. 'It's four
weeks of intense concentration, but the music is worth it,' she says. After university, she worked
in the catering business for many years before the Camden Opera turned fully professional, four
years ago. 'It might seem strange, but working in catering helped me a lot in coping with the
complexities of producing operas. Everyday there are arguments, and you've got to take the
singers' personalities into account.'
D. Eric Harding
When Eric Harding asked if he could attend conductor Simon Rattle's practice sessions in
London, he found himself standing in for an absent assistant. After that he was asked to help on
another opera in the next season. 'I had to take the first orchestral rehearsal for Simon.
No, I wasn't nervous. In fact, I'm never nervous when standing in front of an orchestra.' Still only
27, Australian-born Harding works with a well-established London-based opera company which
specialises in twentieth-century works.
He has also built a reputation in other European countries, which he has visited with financial
aid from the British Arts Council.