BmMT 2023 Relay Round April 15, 2023
Time limit: 40 minutes.
Instructions: This test contains 6 sets of questions, with 20 questions in total. You may work on
any problem from any set at any time. Submit a single answer sheet for grading. Only answers
written inside the boxes on the answer sheet will be considered for grading.
Note: Some questions may depend on other questions’ answers. The drawing at the top of every
set indicates which other answers are used for which problems. All answers for this round are
numerical values (not in terms of any variables).
No calculators.
Set 1
1 2
1. What is the maximum number of L-shaped pieces (the piece on the left) that can fit in the 6 × 6
grid shown below? You may assume that you can rotate the L-shaped pieces.
2. Let N1 be the answer to question 1.
Suppose N1 + 1 + N11 can be written in the form ab , where a and b are relatively prime positive
integers. Compute a.
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BmMT 2023 Relay Round April 15, 2023
Set 2
3 4 5
3. Every day after school, Alice drops 1 marble on the ground, Bob drops 2 marbles on the ground,
and Carol drops 3 marbles on the ground. After some number of days, there are a total of 24
marbles on the ground. How many of these marbles were dropped by Bob?
4. Let N3 be the answer to question 3.
The hype-house for Beta Mu Tau has N3 doors, each numbered 1 through N3 . Jingyuan enters
through a door and exits through a door (which doesn’t have to be a different door from the
first), such that the sum of the numbers on the two doors is even. Compute the number of
possible ways Jingyuan could enter and exit the hype-house.
5. Let N4 be the answer to question 4.
Three circles with centers A, B, and C are internally tangent to each other at a common point,
as shown in the diagram below, and have radii N4 , N24 , and N44 , respectively. Points D, E, and
F lie on the circles centered at A, B, and C, respectively, such that angles ∠DAB = ∠EBC =
∠F CB = 90◦ . What is the area of the shaded figure?
A B C
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BmMT 2023 Relay Round April 15, 2023
Set 3
6 7 8 9
6. Points A, B, and C lie on a line, in that order, from left
√ to right. Point D is plotted such that
triangle △ADB is equilateral. If BC = 2 and DC = 2 13, compute AC.
7. Let N6 be the answer to question 6.
Shreyas plays a game with N6 buckets. During a round, he chooses two buckets uniformly at
random to keep track of, then drops a ball into one of the N6 buckets uniformly at random. If
the ball lands in one of the chosen buckets, the game ends. Otherwise, he removes the ball and
the bucket that the ball landed in, and plays another round. Compute the probability that this
game will continue until Shreyas has two buckets left.
a
8. The answer to question 7 can be written in the form b, where a and b are relatively prime
positive integers. Let N7 be a + b.
There are N7 red dots and some number of blue dots connected by line segments. Each red
dot is connected to exactly 4 blue dots, and each blue dot is connected to exactly 2 red dots.
Furthermore, each blue dot is connected to exactly 2 other blue dots, and no two red dots are
connected. Compute the number of line segments drawn.
9. Let N8 be the sum of the digits of the answer to question 8.
For each positive integer k, define the integers
ak = k + 2k + · · · + (k − 1)k + k · k
and
bk = (k)(2k) · · · ((k − 1)k)(k · k).
What is the largest positive integer k less than or equal to N8 such that bk is NOT divisible by
ak ?
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BmMT 2023 Relay Round April 15, 2023
Set 4
10 11 12
13
10. Albert has two cups, A and B, containing a and b liters of water, respectively. Albert pours
one-third of cup A’s contents into cup B, and then pours one-half of cup B’s contents into cup
A. He notices that cups A and B now contain b and a liters of water, respectively. If the water
in both cups combines for a total of 24 liters, compute a.
11. Compute the 4-digit perfect square of the form AABB, where A and B are digits and A ̸= 0.
12. The value 56 is written in its binary form as 111000. Jingyuan takes all rearrangements of these
ones and zeroes (including 111000) and sets the leftmost digit of each rearrangement equal to
0 (regardless if the digit was a 1 or 0 before). He then sums up all the resulting binary values,
and then converts this sum to base 10. Compute this sum.
13. Let N10 be the answer to question 10, N11 be the sum of the digits of the answer to question
11, and N12 be the sum of the digits of the answer to question 12.
Two circles O1 and O2 are externally tangent to line ℓ at the same point A, and the two circles
are externally tangent to each other. Point B lies on line ℓ such that AB = N11 . There is a line
through point B that intersects circle O1 at points D and E, where BD < BE and BD = N10 ,
and another line through point B that intersects circle O2 at points F and G, where BF < BG
and BF = N12 . Compute DG EF .
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BmMT 2023 Relay Round April 15, 2023
Set 5
15
14 17
16
14. Anton has two standard six-sided dice where opposite faces always add up to 7. He puts the
first die on a table, and stacks the second die on top of the first die so that there are 9 visible
faces and 3 non-visible faces. The product of the values of the non-visible faces does not divide
the product of the values of the visible faces. What is the sum of the non-visible faces?
15. Let N14 be the answer to question 14.
Compute the area in the xy-plane above the line y = 0 and to the left of the line x = N14 , but
below the graph of y = N14 ⌊x⌋. (Here, ⌊m⌋ is defined as the greatest integer less than or equal
to m. For example, ⌊3.14⌋ = 3 and ⌊4⌋ = 4.)
16. Let N14 be the answer to question 14.
How many sequences of distinct positive integers starting with 1 and ending with 2N14 are there
such that each integer of the sequence (except for 1) is divisible by the previous integer?
17. Let N15 be the sum of the digits of the answer to question 15 and N16 be the sum of the digits
of the answer to question 16.
Consider two circles DO and DP centered at points O and P with radii N15 and N16 respectively,
and suppose they intersect at points W and X with OX ⊥ P X. Let ℓ be a line passing through X
which intersects circle DO elsewhere at A and circle DP elsewhere at B. Compute the maximum
possible value of AB.
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BmMT 2023 Relay Round April 15, 2023
Set 6
18 19 20
18. Let N18 be the answer to this question.
√
The equilateral triangle △A0 BC, as shown in the diagram below, has side length 3(N18 − 2).
Let the altitude from A0 intersect BC at A1 . Then for each positive integer i, an altitude from
Ai intersects Ai−1 B at Ai+1 . This process is continued indefinitely, and points A0 , A1 , and A2
are shown in the diagram. Compute the sum of the lengths A0 A1 + A1 A2 + A2 A3 + · · · (these
lengths are represented by the dashed lines in the diagram).
A0
A2
C A1 B
19. Let N20 be the answer to question 20.
Leanne builds a pyramid out of equally sized blocks. The base has N20 blocks, and each successive
layer has 2 fewer blocks. If there is exactly 1 block on the top level of the pyramid, how many
blocks are in the pyramid?
20. Let N19 be the answer to question 19.
The integer N19 − 1 can be written in the form p2 q 3 , where p and q are distinct one-digit prime
numbers. Compute 10p + q − 2.