DRUG DOSAGE
FORMS
Oral
1. Identify. Explain the advantages and Disadvantages of
this dosage form.
Syrup
Advantages-
1. Early onset of action compared to solid dosage
form as there is no requirement of disintegration
and dissolution
2. It is saturated solution of sugar. Being liquid
with sugar as its flavoring agents improves its
palatability especially in children.
Disadvantages
3. Short shelf life
4. Difficult to carry
2. Define mixture. Enumerate advantages and types of
mixtures
Definition :
Types of mixtures :
Solution, Suspension and Emulsion
Solution Suspension Emulsio
n
3. Define Emulsion. Differentiate between oil in water
and water in oil emulsions
Definition of Emulsion : An emulsion is defines as a system of two immiscible
liquids, one of which is finely divided into small globules and dispersed into the
other with the help of an emulsifying agent (emulgent)
4. Identify (GITS/OROS) Describe Advantages and
disadvantages of this dosage form with examples
5. Identify. Describe Advantages and disadvantages
of this dosage form with suitable examples
Enteric coated tablets
6. Compare and contrast
liquid and solid oral dosage forms
Sl Liquid Oral Dosage Forms Solid Oral Dosage Forms
No
1 Absorption is faster as it is dependent Absorption is slower as it is
only on the dissolution time dependent on the disintegration and
dissolution time of the drug
2 Drugs are palatable and easy to swallow May be difficult to swallow
3 Preferred in paediatric population Not used in paediatric patients
4 Difficult to carry while travelling Can be used conveniently while
travelling
5 No sustained action possible Sustained action possible
6 Short shelf life Long shelf life
7 Usually expensive Usually cheaper
7. Describe advantages and disadvantages of
oral drug delivery / oral route of
administration
Sl Advantage Disadvantage
No
1 Self administration Not used in emergencies
2 Prolonged action Not used in unconscious patients
3 Non-invasive, painless Less bioavailability
4 Cheap, economical Food may interfere with absorption
5 No assistance required Onset is slow
8. What is the importance of expiry date on
the label ?
• After expiry date , drug may loose its efficiency and
potency
• Ingestion of a drug that has passed the expiry date,
manufacturer is not responsible for the side effect.
• After expiry, drug may convert into toxic substance.
Eg. Tetracycline convert into epi-
anhydrotetracycline causing kidney damage(
Fanconi syndrome).
9. When would you use the rectal route of dosage
delivery and what are its characteristics ?
LOCAL
1. Identify. Describe advantages and
disadvantages of this dosage form with
suitable examples
Transdermal patches
2. Differentiate between
lotion and liniment .
Identify (lotion)
Lotion
Liniment
Differences between lotion and
liniment
Sl Lotion Liniment
No
1 Applied to skin or Applied only to skin
mucosa
2 Applied without friction Applied with friction
3 Cooling, soothing, Rubefacient, counter-irritant,
protective properties analgesic properties
4 Don not contain camphor Contain camphor or other irritants
3. Identify. Describe advantages and
disadvantages of this dosage form with
suitable examples.
Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI)
4. Identify. Explain when it is used.
Spacer
5. Identify. Describe advantages and
disadvantages of this dosage form .
Insulin Pen Device
Advantages
1. Convinient to use
2. Pen needles are disposable
3. Needles are short and thin which decrease pain and
discomfort of injection
4. Accuracy is more compared to other syringes
Disadvantage
Costly
Parenteral
1. Identify Ampoule and Vial.
Differentiate between ampoule and vial
2. Describe advantages and
disadvantages of parenteral route of
administration compared to oral route
of administration
Advantages:
1. Rapid onset of action possible using
parenteral route.
2. It is useful for uncooperative patients
3. It is useful for unconscious patient.
4. Inactivation by GIT enzymes is avoided
4. First pass effect is avoided
5. Bioavailability is 100%
Disadvantages:
1. expert assistants required.
2. It is painful
3. This method is expensive
4. Aseptic technique required.