Question 1
A dataset representing the monthly expenses (in USD) of 8 university students is as follows:
[450, 500, 470, 520, 480, 460, 510, 490]
a) Calculate the mean, median, and mode. [6]
b) Briefly explain the significance of each measure. [4]
Question 2
Given the data:
[12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 30]
a) Calculate the range, variance, and standard deviation. [6]
b) Interpret what the standard deviation implies about data spread. [4]
Question 3:
You are testing whether the average student GPA is different from 3.0.
Statistic Value
t-value 2.654
Degrees of Freedom (df) 19
Significance (2-tailed) 0.015
Mean Difference 0.22
95% Confidence Interval (Lower) 0.05
95% Confidence Interval (Upper) 0.39
a) State the null and alternative hypotheses. [2]
b) At α = 0.05, do you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? [2]
c) Interpret the result in the context of GPA. [6]
Question 4
From an SPSS summary of test scores, the following output is given:
Mean Std. Error 95% CI Lower 95% CI Upper
67.5 2.3 62.8 72.2
a) What is the confidence level used in this output? [2]
b) Explain what this confidence interval means. [4]
c) If another test sample gave a mean of 74, what might this suggest? [4]
Question 5
The following SPSS output is obtained from a study of hours studied and exam score:
Hours Studied Exam Score
Hours Studied 1 0.832**
Exam Score 0.832** 1
a) Explain what the correlation coefficient means. [5]
b) Test the significance at 0.01 level and interpret. [5]
c) Based on the correlation, what predictions or decisions could be made? [5]
d) Identify one possible limitation of relying only on correlation. [5]
Question 6
Given the Statistics output summary below:
Coefficients Table
Variable B Std. Error t Sig.
Constant 25.30 2.10 12.05 0.000
Hours Studied 4.60 0.85 5.41 0.001
a) Write the regression equation. [4]
b) Predict the exam score for a student who studied 5 hours. [4]
c) Interpret the coefficient for Hours Studied. [4]
d) Is the model statistically significant? Justify using Statistics values. [4]
e) What are the implications of the intercept in this context? [4]
Question 7
You are comparing exam scores of three groups of students taught using different methods. The
ANOVA summary is:
Source SS df MS F Sig.
Between 480.2 2 240.1 6.35 0.005
Within 1132.6 30 37.75
Total 1612.8 32
a) State the null and alternative hypotheses. [4]
b) Using α = 0.05, should you reject the null? [4]
c) Interpret the F-value and significance. [4]
d) Explain what a post hoc test would help determine here. [4]
e) Suggest what you would conclude about the teaching methods. [4]
Question 8
The table below shows the number of hours studied and the corresponding exam scores for 5
students.
Student Hours Studied (X) Exam Score (Y)
A 2 55
B 4 60
C 6 68
D 8 75
E 10 85
a) Calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between hours studied and exam
score. [10]
b) Using the same data, calculate the linear regression equation of the form:
[6]
c) Interpret the slope and intercept in the context of the data.
[2]
d) Predict the exam score for a student who studies for 7 hours using your regression
model.
[2]
Question 9
From Statistics summary:
Group N Mean Std. Dev Std. Error 95% CI Lower 95% CI Upper
Male 20 65.2 5.6 1.25 62.6 67.8
Female 22 69.1 4.9 1.04 67.0 71.2
a) Interpret the confidence intervals for both groups. [5]
b) Is there an overlap in the intervals? What does that suggest? [5]
c) How might this data be used to determine if gender impacts performance? [5]
d) What further statistical test would you recommend and why? [5]