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II PUC Mathematics Exam Questions

The document outlines a mathematics syllabus for II PUC, covering topics such as relations and functions, matrices, determinants, continuity and differentiability, integrals, applications of integrals, differential equations, and three-dimensional geometry. It includes various questions categorized into five-mark and six-mark sections, requiring students to demonstrate their understanding of mathematical concepts and problem-solving skills. The syllabus emphasizes both theoretical proofs and practical applications in mathematics.

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18 views6 pages

II PUC Mathematics Exam Questions

The document outlines a mathematics syllabus for II PUC, covering topics such as relations and functions, matrices, determinants, continuity and differentiability, integrals, applications of integrals, differential equations, and three-dimensional geometry. It includes various questions categorized into five-mark and six-mark sections, requiring students to demonstrate their understanding of mathematical concepts and problem-solving skills. The syllabus emphasizes both theoretical proofs and practical applications in mathematics.

Uploaded by

khaleelibrahim1819
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

II PUC – Mathematics

FIVE – MARKS Questions: (There will be eight questions you have to answer any four of them)

I. Relations and Functions: a) Invertible Functions, b) one-one and onto functions.


1. Let f : N → Y be a function defined as f ( x )=4 x +3, where Y = { y ∈ N : y=4 x +3 for some x ∈ N }. Show
that f is invertible. Find the inverse of f .
1
2. Show that the function f : R ¿ → R¿ , defined by f ( x )= is both one-one and onto, where R¿ is the set of
x
all non-zero real numbers.
3. Check the injectivity and surjectivity of the function f : R → R , given by f ( x )=3−4 x . Is it a bijective
function?
4. Check the injectivity and surjectivity of the function f : R → R , given by f ( x )=1+ x 2 . Is it a bijective
function?
x−2
5. Verify whether the function f : A → B , given by f ( x )= , where A=R− {3 } and B=R−{ 1 } is one-one
x−3
and onto. Justify your answer.
6. Prove that the Greatest Integer Function f : R → R, given by f ( x )= [ x ] , is neither one-one nor onto,
where [ x ] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x .
7. Prove that the Modulus Function f : R → R, given by f ( x )=| x| , is neither one-one nor onto, where |x| is
x ,if x ≥ 0 and |x| is −x ,if x ¿ 0.

8. Show that f : N → N , given by f ( x )= { x +1 ,if x is odd


x−1 , if f is even
is both one-one and onto.

{
n+ 1
, if n is odd
2
9. Let f : N → N be defined by f ( n )= for all n ∈ N . Check whether the function f is
n
, if n is even
2
bijective or not.

II. Matrices: Algebra of matrices

[ ] [ ] []
0 6 7 0 1 1 2
1. If A = −6 0 8 , B = 1 0 2 , C = −2 . Calculate AC, BC and (A + B)C. Aslo verify that (A + B)C =
7 −8 0 1 2 0 3
AC + BC.

[ ] [ ] [ ]
1 2 −3 3 −1 2 4 1 2
2. If A = 5 0 2 , B = 4 2 5 and C = 0 3 2 then compute A + B and B – C. Also verify that
1 −1 1 2 0 3 1 −2 3
A + (B – C) = (A + B) – C.

[]
−2
3. If A = 4 and B = [ 1 3 −6 ], verify that (AB)’ = B’A’.
5

[ ] [ ]
3 4
−1 2 1
4. If A’ = −1 2 and B = , then verify that (A + B)’ = A’ + B’.
1 2 3
0 1

1
[ ]
2 3
5. If A = [1 −2 3
−4 2 5 ]
and B = 4 5 , then find AB and BA. Show that AB ≠ BA.
2 1

[ ]
1 2 3
6. If A = 3 −2 1 then show that A3 – 23 A – 40 I = 0.
4 2 1

[ ] [ ]
−1 2 3 −4 1 −5
7. If A = 5 7 9 and B = 1 2 0 , then verify that (A + B)’ = A’ + B’.
−2 1 1 1 3 1

[]
1
8. If A = −4 and B = [ −1 2 1 ], verify that (AB)’ = B’A’.
3

[]
0
9. If A = 1 and B = [ 1 5 7 ] , verify that (AB)’ = B’A’.
2

[ ] [ ]
1 1 −1 1 3
10. If A = 2 0 3 , B= 0 2 and C =
3 −1 2 −1 4
1 2 3 −4
2 0 −2 1 [ ]
, find A(BC), (AB)C and show that (AB)C =

A(BC).

[ ]
1 0 2
11. If A = 0 2 1 then prove that A3 – 6 A2 + 7A + 2I = 0.
2 0 3

III. Determinants: Solving System of equations by Matrix method.


1. Solve the following system of equations by matrix method:
i) 3x -2y + 3z = 8, 2x + y – z = 1, 4x – 3y + 2z = 4
3
ii) 2x + y + z = 1, x – 2y – z = , 3y – 5z = 9
2
iii) x – y + z = 4, 2x + y – 3z = 0, x + y + z = 2
iv) 2x + 3y + 3z = 5, x – 2y + z = -4, 3x – y – 2z = 3
v) x – y + 2z = 7, 3x + 4y – 5z = - 5, 2x – y + 3z = 12

[ ]
2 −3 5
2. If A = 3 2 −4 , find A-1 . Using A-1 solve the system of equations: 2x – 3y + 5z = 11, 3x + 2y – 4z = -5,
1 1 −2
x + y -2z = -3.
3. Solve by matrix method: x + y + z = 6, y + 3z = 11, x – 2y + z = 0.

[ ][ ]
1 1 2 2 0 1
4. Use the product 0 2 3 9 2 3 to solve the system of equations x – y + 2z = 1,
3 2 4 6 1 2
2y -3z = 1, 3x -2 y + 4z = 2

IV. Continuity and Differentiability: Second order derivatives


1. If y=3 cos ( logx ) +4 sin ( logx ) , show that x 2 y 2 + x y 1+ y=0.

2
2
d y dy
2. If y= A e +B e , prove that 2 −( m+n ) + mny=0.
mx nx
dx dx
2
2 d y dy
3. If y=sin−1 x , then prove that ( 1−x ) 2 −x =0.
dx dx
2 2
4. If y=( tan−1 x ) , then prove that ( 1+ x 2 ) y 2+2 x ( 1+ x 2 ) y 1=2.
2
d y dy
,−1 ≤ x ≤1, show that ( 1−x )
−1 2 2
5. If y=ea cos x
2
−x −a y =0.
dx dx
2
d y dy
6. If y=3 e2 x +2 e 3 x , prove that 2
−5 + 6 y=0.
dx dx

( )
2 2
d y dy
7. If e y ( x +1 ) =1, show that 2 =
dx dx
2
d y
8. If y=500 e7 x +600 e−7 x, show that 2
=49 y
dx
2
d y
9. If x=a ( cost+ t sint ) and y=a ( sint −t cost ) , find 2
dx
2
d y
10. If y=cos−1 x , find 2 in terms of y alone.
dx
V. Integrals:
1 dx dx
1. Find the integral of 2 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ 2 , ∫ 2
x −a x −16 x −25
1 dx dx
2. Find the integral of 2 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ 2, ∫ 2
a −x 7−6 x−x 16−x
1 dx
3. Find the integral of 2 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ 2
x +a x −6 x +13
1 dx dx
4. Find the integral of 2 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ 2 , ∫
√ x −a √ x −1 √ ( x−1 ) ( x −2 )
1 dx
5. Find the integral of 2 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫
√ a −x √ 9−25 x 2
1 dx dx
6. Find the integral of 2 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ 2 , ∫
√ x +a √ x +2 x +2 √ 3+2 x+ x 2
7. Find the integral of √ x 2−a2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ √ x + 4 x−5 dx
2

8. Find the integral of √ x 2+ a2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ √ x + 2 x +5 dx , ∫ √1+ x 2 dx


2

9. Find the integral of √ a2−x 2 with respect to x and hence find ∫ √ 4−x dx
2

VI. Applications of Integrals:


1. Find the area enclosed by the circle x 2+ y 2=a2 using integration.
2 2
x y
2. Find the area enclosed by the ellipse 2
+ 2 =1 using integration.
a b
2 2
x y
3. Find the area enclosed by the ellipse + =1 using integration.
16 9
2 2
x y
4. Find the area enclosed by the ellipse + =1 using integration.
4 9

3
5. Find the area of the region lying in the 1st quadrant and bounded by the circle x 2+ y 2=4 and the lines
x=0 and x=2.
6. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y 2=4 x , y −aixs and the line y=3 .
7. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y=cosx between x=0 and x=2 π .
8. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y=sinx between x=0 and x=2 π .
9. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y=x 2 , x=1 , x=2 and x-axis.
10. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y=x 4 , x=1 , x=5 and x-axis.
11. Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y = x3, x-axis and the ordinates x = -2, x = 1.
12. Find the area of the region bounded by the line y = 3x + 2, x-axis and the ordinates x = -1, x = 1.

VII. Differential Equations: Linear Differential equations


dy 2
1. Find the general solution of the differential equation x +2 y=x , ( x ≠ 0 ) .
dx
2. Find the general solution of the differential equation ( 1+ x 2 ) dy +2 xydx =cotxdx , ( x ≠ 0 ) .
dy −2 x
3. Find the general solution of the differential equation +3 y =e .
dx
dy y 2
4. Find the general solution of the differential equation + =x .
dx x
dy π
5. Solve the differential equation + y secx=tanx , 0 ≤ x< .
dx 2
dy 2
6. Find the general solution of the differential equation x +2 y=x log x
dx
2 dy
(
7. Solve the differential equation cos x + y=tanx , 0 ≤ x <
dx
π
2 )
dy 2
8. Solve the differential equation x logx + y= logx
dx x
dy 2
9. Find the particular solution of the differential equation + y cotx=2 x+ x cotx ,(x ≠ 0) given that
dx
π
y=0 when x=
2
VIII. Three Dimensional Geometry: Derivation (Diagram is compulsory)
1. Derive the equation of a line in space through a given point and Parallel to a vector both in vector and
in Cartesian forms.
2. Derive the formula for the shortest distance between two parallel lines.
3. Derive the formula for the shortest distance between two skew lines both in vector and Cartesian form.

SIX – MARKS Questions: (There will be two questions you have to answer any ONE of them)

I. Properties of Definite Integrals:


π
b b 3
dx
1. Prove that ∫ f ( x ) dx=∫ f ( a+b−x ) dx and hence evaluate ∫ .
a a π 1+ √ tanx
6

4
{
a
a
2∫ f ( x ) dx , if f ( x ) is an even function
1

2. Prove that ∫ f ( x ) dx= 0 and hence evaluate ∫ sin x cos x dx,


5 4

−a −1
0 , if f ( x ) is an odd function
π π
2 2

∫ sin 7 x dx , ∫ ta n9 x dx
−π −π
2 2
π π
a a
2 2
3. Prove that ∫ f ( x ) dx=∫ f ( a−x ) dx and hence evaluate ∫ sin x4
dx , ∫ √ sinx dx ,
0 √ sinx + √ cosx
4 4
0 0
0 sin x +cos x
π 3
2 2
sin x
∫ 3 3
dx
0 2 2
sin x+ cos x

{
a
2a
2 ∫ f ( x ) dx ,if f ( 2 a−x )=f (x )
2π

4. Prove that ∫ f ( x ) dx = 0 and hence evaluate ∫ cos x dx .


5

0 0
0 , if f ( 2 a−x )=−f (x)
b c b 5

5. Prove that ∫ f ( x ) dx=¿∫ f ( x ) dx +¿ ∫ f ( x ) dx , where a<c <b ¿ ¿ and hence evaluate ∫ |x +2|dx .
a a c −5

II. Linear Programming Problem:


1. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Maximize z=4 x+ y , subject to the constraints:
x + y ≤ 50 , 3 x+ y ≤ 90 , x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0.
2. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Minimize z=200 x +500 y , subject to the constraints:
x +2 y ≥ 10 , 3 x + 4 y ≤ 24 , x ≥0 , y ≥ 0.
3. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Minimize and Maximize z=3 x +9 y , subject to the
constraints: x +3 y ≤ 60 , x+ y ≥ 10 , x ≤ y , x ≥0 , y ≥ 0.
4. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Minimize and Maximize z=−3 x +4 y , subject to the
constraints: x +2 y ≤ 8 , 3 x +2 y ≤12 , x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0.
5. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Minimize and Maximize z=3 x +2 y , subject to the
constraints: x +2 y ≤ 10 ,3 x + y ≤15 , x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0.
6. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Minimize and Maximize z=5 x +3 y , subject to the
constraints: 3 x+ 5 y ≤ 15 ,5 x +2 y ≤ 10 , x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0.
7. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Maximize and minimize Z = x + 2y, subject to the
constraints x + 2y ≥ 100, 2x + y ≤ 200, 2x – y ≤ 0, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
8. Solve the linear programming problem graphically: Maximize and minimize Z = 5x + 10y, subject to the
constraints x + 2y ≤ 120, x + y ≥ 60, x –2 y ≥ 0, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
FOUR – MARKS Questions: (There will be two questions you have to answer any ONE of them)

I. Determinants:

1. Show that A = [ 21 32] satisfies the equation A −4 A+ I =O , then find the inverse of A using this
2

equation, where I is the identity matrix of order 2 and O is a zero matrix of order 2.

5
2. Show that A = [−13 12] satisfies the equation A −5 A+ 7 I =O, then find the inverse of A using this
2

equation, where I is the identity matrix of order 2 and O is a zero matrix of order 2.

I. Continuity:

1. Find the relationship between ‘a’ and ‘b’ so that the function ‘f’ defined by f ( x )= {
ax +1 , if x ≤ 3
bx+ 3 ,if x >3
is

continuous at x=3.

2. Find the value of k if f ( x )= {


kx +1 , if x ≤ π
cosx , if x > π
is continuous at x=π .

{
k cosx π
, if x ≠
π −2 x 2 π
3. Determine the value of k , if f ( x )= is continuous at x=
π 2
3 , if x=
2

{
5 , if x ≤ 2
4. Find the values of ' a ' and ' b ' such that f ( x ) = ax +b ,if 2< x<10 is a continuous functions.
21 ,if x ≥ 10

{
2
5. Find the value of k if f ( x )= k x ,if x ≤ 2 is continuous at x=2.
3 ,if x >2

6. Find the value of k if f ( x )= {


kx+ 1 ,if x ≤5
3 x−5 , if x >5
is continuous at x=5.

7. For what value of λ is the function defined by f ( x )= {


λ ( x 2−2 x ) , if x ≤ 0
4 x +1 ,if x> 0
is continuous at x=1 ?

**************

Common questions

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Using properties of definite integrals, particularly the property that ∫ from a to b f(x)dx equals ∫ from a to b f(a+b-x)dx, simplifies evaluation. For ∫ from π/6 to π/3 1/(1 + √tan(x))dx, use f(x) = 1/(1 + √tan(π/2 - x)) due to trigonometric identities that relate angles and maintain symmetry, allowing easier evaluation or computational approaches with known integrals .

A system of linear equations can be solved using matrix methods if the coefficient matrix A is invertible. If A has an inverse A⁻¹, then the matrix equation Ax = b can be solved as x = A⁻¹b. Therefore, the existence and uniqueness of solutions are ensured by the invertibility of A, meaning A must not have a determinant of zero .

To prove (A + B)' = A' + B', where A and B are matrices, one needs to understand matrix transposition properties. The transpose of a sum of matrices is the sum of their transposes. If A and B are m×n matrices, (A + B)' = (ai,j + bi,j)' by definition, translates to aji + bji, thus (A + B)' = [aji + bji] = A' + B'. This property holds by definition of matrix transpose and addition .

The evaluation of a definite integral can exploit the function's symmetry. If the function f(x) is even, ∫ from -a to a of f(x)dx equals 2 times the integral from 0 to a. If f(x) is odd, the integral over symmetric limits [-a, a] equals zero, as f(x) cancels on opposite intervals. Thus, to evaluate ∫ from -π/2 to π/2 of sin(7x)dx, knowing sin(x) is odd simplifies it to zero directly. This approach relies on understanding and identifying function symmetries .

For a function to be invertible, it must be both one-one and onto. To show that f(x) = 4x + 3 is invertible, we need to demonstrate it satisfies both conditions. A function is one-one if distinct inputs yield distinct outputs. For f(x), assume f(x1) = f(x2), then 4x1 + 3 = 4x2 + 3 implies x1 = x2, proving f is one-one. To check if f is onto, we show for every y in the codomain, there exists an x in the domain such that f(x) = y. Given y = 4x + 3, solving for x gives x = (y - 3)/4, which is in the set of natural numbers if y = 4k + 3 for some k in natural numbers. Hence, f(x) is onto and therefore invertible. The inverse function is f⁻¹(y) = (y - 3)/4 .

The modulus function f(x) = |x| maps each x to a non-negative value. It is not one-one because f(-x) = f(x) for x ≠ 0, meaning two distinct inputs can produce the same output. It is not onto when the codomain is all real numbers, as no x results in negative outputs (e.g., |x| never reaches -1). Therefore, f(x) = |x| is neither injective nor surjective over the real numbers .

Proving A² - 4A + I = O allows using the equation to express A in terms of identity matrices. Rearranging gives A(A - 4I) = -I, showing A is invertible if the inverse A⁻¹ satisfies A⁻¹ = -(A - 4I). This method is efficient as it avoids determinant calculation or direct row operations, especially useful for symbolic computations and simplifying large matrices .

A function is bijective if it is both injective (one-one) and surjective (onto). For f(x) = 3 - 4x, it is injective because if f(x1) = f(x2), then 3 - 4x1 = 3 - 4x2 implies x1 = x2. The function is surjective if for every y in the codomain, there exists an x in the domain such that f(x) = y. For any y, solving 3 - 4x = y gives x = (3 - y)/4, which is always a real number. Thus, f(x) is onto. Since f(x) is both injective and surjective, it is bijective .

Proving that AB ≠ BA for matrices A and B emphasizes that matrix multiplication is generally non-commutative. This impacts how one approaches problems involving matrices, especially in computing products of multiple matrices, as the order of multiplication can affect the outcome. Such properties must be considered in algorithm design and theoretical proofs where matrix multiplication is involved .

The greatest integer function, [x], maps a real number to the largest integer less than or equal to it. It is not one-one because multiple real numbers map to the same integer (e.g., [2.3] = [2.7] = 2). It is not onto when the codomain is all real numbers, as no real number maps to non-integer values (e.g., there is no x such that [x] = 2.5). Hence, the function is neither one-one nor onto .

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