SIGNAL JS ASSESSMENT - 2025 THE SCHOLAR

007
GRADE 8 MARKING SCHEME
MATHEMATICS
90
SECTION A 28. (a) 120  30students
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 360
11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. D
20. A (b) Other sports

Section B
60
2 (c) 120  20students
21. (a)Trader 1 =  600kg  120kg 360
10
20
3 %=  100%  16.67%
Trader 2 =  600kg  180kg 120
10
5 ENGLISH
Trader 3 =  600kg  300kg
10
PAPER 1
150 1. B 2.A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. B
(b) 1 kg =  ksh.75per kg
2 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C
Trader 1 paid = 75 x 120 = Ksh. 9000
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A
22. 8.7 x 10-5 31. B 32.A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A
41. C 42. B 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D
23. Sh. 40 x 150sh/litre PAPER 2
360km = 16.67sh./km
SECTION B: LITERARY ANALYSIS (35 MARKS)
24. (2x + 3y = 120) x 3 (i) TASK 2: ORAL LITERATURE
(3x + 2y = 130) x 2(ii) (a) Tortoise and Buffalo
6x + 9y = 360 (b) To step on his shadow to prove his strength
-6x + 4y = 260
(c) They laughed at him
5y 100 (d) That strength alone is not enough / pride is useless
 y = 20
5 5
(e) Because it can hurt or shame others if misused
2x + 3 (20) = 120
TASK 3: POETRY
2x 60
 (a) Cheating through false weights and expired goods in markets
2 2
(b) Consumer laws protect buyers from unfair trade practices
Apple = ksh.30 and orange = ksh.20
(c) “Protection weaves a shield for me and you” – compares
 1 22  consumer laws to a shield, showing protection
25. (a) 20 x 20 -    10  10   4
4 7  TASK 4: PLAY
= 400 - 314.29cm2 (a) His coach’s whistle and his love for ugali
= 85.71cm2
(b) By saying he had to promise Juma extra ugali to finish his laps
(b) Area of floor (A1) = 500cm x 400cm = 200, 000cm2 (c) - Disciplined: “It took discipline; early mornings, strict diets
Area of square tileA2 = 20cm x 20cm = 400cm2 and pushing through injuries.”
No. of square tiles =
200000cm 2
 500til es
- Humorous: “Honestly? My coach’s loud whistle!”
400cm 2
(d) Athletes should train safely, use proper gear, and respect safety
Cost = 500 x sh. 120 = ksh. 60 000
rules to stay healthy
 10 
TASK 5: NOVELLA
26. Y1  10000  100  1   1000 (a) The Serengeti savannah in Africa during wildebeest migration
 
 10  (b) - Patriotic: He calls it “Africa’s pride.”
Y2  11000  100  1   1100 - Responsible: He urges people to support conservation and
 
 10  sign the petition
Y3  12100  100  1   1210 Amount =12100 + 1210 = Sh. 13310
  (c) - Imagery: “golden grass swaying under the African sun”
- Dialogue: Between Kwame and Sarah
(d) Poaching and littering; the characters plan to fight it through
27.
conservation efforts and petitions for stricter laws

KISWAHILI
KARATASI YA 1
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C
21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A
31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. B
41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B

SIGNAL JS ASSESSMENT 1 GRADE. 8

KARATASI YA 2 made of identical atoms.
Fasihi simulizi 22. The sample was likely to be a metal; such as copper or aluminum.
(a) Hekaya Metals conduct electricity, are malleable and have a shiny
(b) Huwa na mhusika mjanja na mwingine mjinga appearance (metallic luster). These properties are
- Matukio hupigwa chuku kwa wingi characteristic of metallic elements.
- Huwa na tukio moja pekee 23. (a) Chemical change.
- Huonyesha kua maarifa hukua muhimu kuliko ngumi (b) Burning paper involves combustion, which chemically
(c) Mtemi transforms cellulose into ash, gases (like carbon dioxide and water
(d) Mwenye tamaa- anawapokonya watu mifugo vapour) and smoke. The original material is changed into new
Katili – aliagiza waliokatalia mifugo wacharazwe substances.
(e) Ufugaji 24. (a) Class B fire
(f) Methali – akili ni mali (b) It involves flammable liquids and gases. Use a foam, dry
Nahau – wajiume kidole, walishika njia chemical or carbon (IV) oxide extinguisher to smother the fire. Do
Sitiari – alikua sungura not use water as it can spread flammable liquids.
Tanakali za sauti- alikataa kata kata 25. (a) This indicates osmosis—water moves out of the potato cells
(g) Kuigiza matendo into the hypertonic sugar solution, causing shrinkage. Conversely,
- kutumia ushara mbalimbali in hypotonic solutions, water moves into the cells,
- kutumia ucheshi causing swelling.
- kupiga chuku (b) This relates to how plant cells regulate water intake and
- kutumia sauti thabiti maintain turgor pressure.
NOVELA 26. Large molecules or particles (like the dye that cannot pass through
(a) Kituoni pa magari, hospitalini, ndani ya basi, katika maabara the membrane) cannot enter the cell cytoplasm via passive
(b) Mahusiano yasiyofaa- Kemunto na Makena walikua na uhusiano diffusion. Instead, they stain the cell wall, which is outside the
wa kimapenzi plasma membrane. It emphasises that the cell membrane
- ugonjwa wa ukimwi – Kemunto aliathiriwa na ukimwi selectively allows certain materials to pass through, demonstrating
- uzalendo- wasamaria wema waliwapeleka wahasiriwa wa ajali selective permeability.
hospitalini 27. The freezing of water into ice is a change of state from liquid to
- usalama barabarani- ajali ilisababishwa na waendeshaji gari solid. The ice layer insulates water below, preventing it from
kiholela freezing completely and allowing aquatic life to survive. It
(c) Kemunto aliondoka shuleni akaliabiri gari kituoni ajali ikatokea also provides a solid surface for animals and humans to walk on
akiwa safarini. Alihitaji kuongezwa damu. Damu yake and preserves water resources.
ilipochunguzwa iligunduliwa kuwa alikua na maradhi ya ukimwi 28. Liam should increase the magnification by switching to a higher
(d) Tanakali za sauti - alilala fofofo power objective lens, such as ×40 or ×100, while keeping the ×10
Majazi- konambaya eyepiece. This will provide a greater total magnification,
Nahau – kupiga bismillahu wakivunja damu allowing him to see more detailed structures within the nuclei.
TAMTHILIA 29. (a) Dysmenorrhea or painful menstrual cramps.
(a) Shambani (b) Using pain relievers, applying heat to the abdomen, exercising
(b) Huwa na maelezo ya jukwani regularly and ensuring adequate rest and hydration.
- ujumbe hupitishwa kwa nji ya mazungumzo 30. Implantation occurs when the blastocyst attaches to the
- huweza kusomwa au kuigizwa jukwani thickened lining of the uterus
- hugawanywa katika maonyesho (endometrium). This process is important because it allows the
- huwa na madhara developing embryo to receive
- huwa na mgogoro nutrients and oxygen from the mother’s blood supply, supporting
(c) Kuonyesha madhari pregnancy.
- kuonyesha matendo ya wahusika
- kuendeleza ploti AGRICULTURE
(d) Methali – mazoea ya taabu SECTION A
Kuchanganya ndimi - remote 1. A2. B3. C4. C5. C6. A7. B8. B9. A10. B
Utohozi – televisheni 11. C12. C13. A14. D15. B16. A17. B18. B19. B20. B
Tashbihi – mlipendana kama Sahani na kawa SECTION B
(e) Umaskini – Dama alikua akifukuzwa shule kwa ukosefu wa karo 21. (a) Roof catchment / roof water harvesting
Uwajibikaji -Dama anamsaidia mama yake shambanina katika (b) - Surface runoff harvesting - Reservoirs and ponds
shughuli za nyumbani - Underground tanks - Shallow water pans
Umuhimu wa utangamano- Dama anajifunza uwajibikaji kwa 22. (a) A portable housing structure used for rearing poultry.
kutangamana na wenzake shuleni. (b) - Timber / wood - Wire mesh
- Iron sheets / thatch / reeds - Nails / ropes
INTEGRATED SCIENCE (c) To prevent accumulation of droppings and reduce disease /
SECTION A parasite build-up.
1. A 2. B 3. D 4.C 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C (d) - Feeding the birds - Providing clean drinking water
11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. C 18. C 19. C 20.B - Vaccination / disease control
SECTION B - Cleaning the housing structures
21. It would be classified as an element because it consists of only - Culling unproductive birds
one type of atom and cannot be broken down into simpler
substances by chemical means. Elements are pure substances

SIGNAL JS ASSESSMENT 2 GRADE. 8

23. - Boiling - Refrigeration / cooling PART III: VISUAL ARTS
- Fermentation (making sour milk / mala) 34. sisal, palms, plant twigs.
- Pasteurization - Storing in a clean covered container 35. Marbling
24. - Salting - Drying / sun drying 36. A montage is a broad term for any composite artwork that
- Refrigeration / freezing - Canning combines different visual elements, such as photographs, draw-
25. (a) - Aphids - Cutworms - Armyworms ings, or other materials, into a new image. In contrast, a photomon-
- Whiteflies - Weevils tage is a specific type of montage that exclusively uses photo-
(b) - Roots - Leaves - Flowers - Fruits graphic images to create a new artwork or composition, often with
26. (a) - Process I: Scaling - Process II: Salting a particular theme or message.
(b) Process I: Scaling 37. calmness, relaxation, peace, stability
- Makes the fish clean and suitable for cooking or further processing. 38. audience
- Improves the texture and taste of the cooked fish. 39. graphic designer, animator, illustrator, photographer, art teacher,
- Prevents injuries when eating, since scales are hard and art director, curator, and fashion designer
indigestible.
Process II: Salting PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES
- Removes moisture from the food, making it difficult for bacteria SECTION A
to grow. 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7.C 8. A 9. C 10. C
- Preserves meat/fish for a longer time. 11. A 12.D 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20.D
- Improves flavour and taste. 21. - Money at hand.
27. - Washing utensils after use - Wiping kitchen surfaces clean - Money other businesses owe them.
- Sweeping and mopping the floor - Proper disposal of food waste - Properties such as buildings, machinery, furniture, motor
28. - Nutritional value(include body-building, energy-giving, protective vehicles, stock, etc.
foods) - Money in bank accounts. Mark any other appropriate.
- Age and health condition of family members 22.- They break easily when crushed.
- Food availability and cost - They are poor conductors of electricity.
- Food preferences and culture - They do not bend.
29. - Provides all essential nutrients for growth and body functions - They are resistant to corrosion.
- Strengthens the body’s immunity against diseases - They have a hard surface which is difficult to scratch.
- Promotes energy for daily activities 23. - It creates job opportunities for people in the community.
- Prevents malnutrition - It helps in the development of new goods and services.
30. To maintain hygiene and prevent spread of germs / food - It promotes economic growth and reduces poverty.
contamination. 24. - The amount of money one earns (income).
- The time frame needed to achieve the goal (short-term or
CREATIVE ARTS long-term).
SECTION A - The cost of the goal or how much money is required to meet it.
PART I: PERFORMING ARTS 25. - They have large storage capacities.
1. A. 2. C. 3. D. 4. D. 5.B. 6. D. 7. A. - They store data permanently.
PART II: SPORTS - They provide fast access to data.
8. C. 9. C. 10. A. 11. C. 12. D. 13. D 14. A. 26. - Key board - Key pad - Television remotes
PART III. VISUAL ARTS Mark any other appropriate choice.
15. A. 16. D. 17. C. 18. A. 19. A. 20. C. 27. Representative Fraction (R.F)
Section B. 30 Marks. 28. - Smoke choking - Chemical poisoning
PART I: PERFORMING ARTS - Burns - Chemical poisoning.
29. (a) Pipe cutter (b) Bolt cutter (c) Hack saw
21. , half 30. - Number of people receiving the output
22. the audience, language use - Compatibility with the available devices
23. tension decreases, main conflict resolved, showing consequences of - The cost of purchasing and maintaining the output devices
the climax on the character. - Environment in which the output device will operate
24. crotchet - Portability Mark any other appropriate.
31. - Scratch - Microsoft visual studio - Sprite box - Roblox
- Minecraft - Microsoft Make Code
25. 32. - Memos - Reports - Circulars - Emails - Letters.
F A F (any of the F) 33. Visual programming
26. Singable, simple, balanced, complete.
PART II: SPORTS SOCIAL STUDIES
27. landing, pivoting SECTION A
28. develop crucial social skills, improve physical health, source of 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C
income 11. B 12.C 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. B 18. C 19. D 20.C
29. a 1500-meter race, the premier middle-distance event, covers three- SECTION B
and-three-quarter laps on a standard 400-meter athletic track. 21. (a) Hot and dry (b) South (c) Mining (d) Christianity
30. handball (e) Presence of a saw mill
31. sand, old mattress 22. - Development of a larger brain capacity.
32. seven players - Ability to walk upright (bipedalism).
33. agility, flexibility - Development of tools and speech/language.

3 GRADE. 8
 - The king would grab their land
23. - Evergreen shrubs and trees.
- The king would introduce slavery to Israel
- Plants with thick barks and small leaves to reduce water loss.
- The king would tax them heavily
- Presence of drought-resistant plants like olives and grapes.
- The king would demand for free food
24. - Reduced agricultural productivity due to drought.
- Their daughters will be made cooks, bakers in the palace
- Increased spread of diseases (e.g., malaria due to warmer
- In being like other nations Israel would lose their identity as
temperatures).
covenant people
- Loss of livelihoods from flooding and desertification.
27. - Sin separates us from God
25. - Acted as middlemen linking West Africa with North Africa.
- God is ready to receive every sinner
- Introduced Islam and Arabic culture into West Africa.
- When we repent and come back to God, we please God
- Helped spread goods such as gold, salt, and slaves across the
- It is important to repent and come back to God
Sahara.
- God loves all his children including outcast and sinners
26. - Practicing afforestation and reforestation.
28. - Praying persistent - Reading the Bible
- Controlling bush burning and deforestation.
- Choosing faith over fear - Trusting in God always
- Establishing forest reserves and parks.
- Avoiding sin or resisting temptation
27. - High Rainfall – They receive heavy rainfall throughout the year,
- Casting down all negative imagination
usually more than 1500 mm annually, often with no dry season.
29. - Jesus Christ is Gods son
- High Temperatures – Temperatures are uniformly high, averaging
- Jesus Christ has power over all sickness
about 25°C–28°C throughout the year.
- Jesus Christ is merciful and compassionate
- Dense Vegetation – The forests have thick, multi-layered
- Jesus Christ came to establish Gods kingdom over Satan’s
vegetation including tall trees, shrubs, climbers and undergrowth.
kingdom
28. - Enforcing laws against vandalism.
- Christians are encouraged to have faith like the four friends of
- Promoting community awareness and education.
the paralytic
- Renovating and maintaining sites regularly.
- Christians learn to depend on Gods when faced with challenges
29. - Improved healthcare services reduced death rates.
30. - Through prayers our faith is strengthened
- Improved nutrition and food security.
- We seek forgiveness through prayer
- Early marriages and cultural practices encouraging large families.
- Christians thank God for blessing through prayer
30. (a)Volcanicity. (b) - Mt. Kenya. - Mt. Kilimanjaro.
- Christians use prayers intercede others
- Prayers are in obedience to Gods prayers
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
- Prayers promote unity among people
SECTION A
- It is communication with God
1. C 2.A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. B 7.C 8. D 9. A 10. C
11. C 12.A 13. B 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20.B
SECTION B
ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
SECTION A
21. - God is the sole creator.
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. D
- Both living and non-living things are created.
11. D 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. A 18.B 19. A 20.C
- Human beings were created special and given charge over all
21. (a) Any clan was free to enter into an agreement with the other
creations.
without interference.
- Human beings are created by God in both.
(b) Muslims were allowed to stay in Makkah for only three days.
- God is portrayed as all powerful in both.
(c) Only sheathed knives were allowed.
22. - Selfishness greed and corruption
(d) The treaty was to last for ten years.
- Disobedience or rebellion
(e) The Makkah migrating to Madinah was to be returned.
- Being unable to forgive others
Any correct point is awarded two marks.
- Influence from media or foreign culture
22. (a) Makkah was declared peaceful for the worship of Allah.
- Unemployment leading to crime
(b) No killing of one another or no bloodshed.
- Permissiveness or too much freedom
(c) Strict observing of the rights of wives and husbands.
- Poor role model
(d) Muslims to hold tight onto Qur’an and Sunnah.
- Lack of guideline and counselling
(e) Muslims to worship Allah alone and avoid shirk.
- Being influenced by drugs
Any other relevant element each carrying two marks.
23. - Cash crops like tea coffee and sugarcane are sold for money
23.(a) They invite people to join Islam.
- Food crops like bananas are a source of food
(b) They are relatively short.
- Fruits like mangos and apples provide nutrition
(c) They are rhythmic when being read.
- Trees provide timber for furniture’s and buildings
(d) They are majorly about fundamental teachings of Islam.
- Plants like aleovera have medical benefit
Any other added point that is valid. (1 mark)
- Napier grass and shrubs serve as food to animals
24. (a) It brings things to the light. (b) It makes one to be reliable.
24. - Abraham would be given the land of Canan
(c) Makes one to be loved by those under him or her.
- His name would be made famous
(d) It is a virtue. (e) One earns Allah’s favour or rewards.
- His descendants would be many
25. (a) Ihram – Wearing the unsewn pair of clothes and assuming the
- God promised to give his own son Isaac
Hajj status.
- God would bless those who bless him and curse those who curse
(b) Tawaf – Circumbulating round Al Kaaba seven times in an
him
anti-clockwise manner.
25. - Praying to God - Offering Tith and offerings
(c) Sa’y – Trotting between the two hills called Safa and Marwa.
- Reading the bible - Preaching gospel
(d) Rami Jamarat – Pelting stones at the Satan pillars (three of
- Attending fellowship - Helping needy
them) each with seven pebbles.
- Repenting sins - Caring for goods creation
(e) Wuquf at Arafat – Standing at the foot of Mount Arafat in
- Leading a holy life and obeying Gods law
remembrance of the farewell speech.
26. - It meant relation to God as their ruler

SIGNAL JS ASSESSMENT 4 GRADE. 8