Propeller Roughness
1. Evaluate the importance on understanding Propeller roughness (2)
2. What are the reasons for propeller hull roughness (3)
3. Explain the reasons for propeller hull roughness and briefly describe each factor. (3-10)
4. Describe the methods used for measuring propeller roughness. (11)
5. Explain the procedure of measuring propeller surface roughness using a Propeller Roughness
Comparator. (12-15)
6. Explain the procedure of measuring propeller surface roughness using a portable stylus
instrument (15-17)
7. Explain the procedure of measuring propeller surface roughness using the Bench Stylus
Machine (18)
8. Analyze the effect of propeller roughness on ship speed with suitable equations. (22-25)
9. Analyze the effect of propeller roughness on ship Power with suitable equations. (19-21)
10. Illustrate the step-by-step methodology for measuring propeller roughness. (26-28)
Hull Roughness
1. Explain why hull roughness is important and analyze its effect on ship performance. (2)
2. Write a short note on the flow around a ship and illustrate with a schematic of the flow regime
along a ship. (3-5)
3. Discuss the basics of the turbulent boundary layer and describe its role in affecting ship
performance (6-9)
4. Illustrate the law of the wall plot for a turbulent boundary layer, labeling all key parameters
and notations. (Figure-3, Page-8)
5. Discuss how rigid surface roughness affects a ship’s hydrodynamic performance. (10-11)
6. Explain why hull roughness is important and analyze its effect on ship performance. (2, 12-14)
7. List the types of hull roughness. (16)
8. Give short note on types of hull roughness. (16-18)
9. List the factors that promote hull roughness with reference to coating application. (19)
10. Give the main causes of hull roughness increase of ship in service. (20)
11. List the main characteristics of surface roughness on a ship hull. (23-25)
12. Explain the procedure to measure surface roughness using both statistical and extreme-value
height descriptors and explain how the data could be interpreted. (26-36)
13. Give a short note on Texture Parameters. (37-38)
14. Give a short note on Temporary Roughness. (39-40)
15. List the main factors that influence hull fouling rates. (41)
16. Explain how severity of fouling affected by the geographical location. (42)
17. Give short brief on types of vessels most at risk of severe fouling. (43)
18. Explain the types of fouling & give a short brief on them. (45-53)
19. Give short note on anti-fouling paints & mention advantages. (55-62)
Roughness Function
1. Explain the roughness function of a ship hull surface and how it affects hydrodynamic
performance (1-3)
2. Mention the methods for measuring roughness function & give a short brief on them. (3-4)
3. Evaluate the Experimental Study of the effects of hull roughness. (4-5)
4. Illustrate the schematic methodology of experimental and theoretical hull roughness on ship
resistance. (6)
5. Describe the methodology of determining effect of hull roughness on ship resistance. (6-9)
6. State the prediction of total resistance and compare with experiment. (9-10)