Alternating Currents

Question1
A series LCR circuit is connected to an alternating source of emf E.
The current amplitude at resonant frequency is I . If the value of 0

resistance R becomes twice of its initial value then amplitude of

current at resonance will be

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 22nd January Evening Shift

Options:

A. I0

B. I0

√2

C. 2I 0

D. I 0

Answer: A

Solution:

At resonance in a series LCR circuit, the reactive components (inductive and capacitive) cancel each other
out, leaving only the resistance. Therefore, the amplitude of the current is given by:
E
I0 =
R

Now, if the resistance is doubled, the new resistance becomes 2R. The current amplitude at resonance then
becomes:
E 1 E I0
I = = ( ) =
2R 2 R 2

Thus, the amplitude of current at resonance when the resistance is doubled is I0

2
.

The correct option is A.

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Question2
An alternating current is given by I = I A . The
sin ωt + I B cos ωt

r.m.s current will be

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 24th January Morning Shift

Options:

2 2
√I +I

A.
A B

2 2
I +I
B. √ A

2
B

C.
|I A +I B |

√2

D. √I 2
A
+ I
2
B

Answer: B

Solution:
2 2
I +I
= √
A B
I rms
2

To determine the root mean square (r.m.s) value of the alternating current given by

I (t) = I A sin(ωt) + I B cos(ωt),

we start by squaring the current:

2 2 2 2 2
I (t) = I sin (ωt) + I B cos (ωt) + 2I A I B sin(ωt) cos(ωt).
A

The r.m.s value is defined as the square root of the average of this squared current over one complete period.
When averaging over a full cycle, we utilize the known averages:
2 1 2 1
⟨sin (ωt)⟩ = , ⟨cos (ωt)⟩ = , ⟨sin(ωt) cos(ωt)⟩ = 0.
2 2

Thus, the time-averaged square of the current becomes:

2 2
I +I
2 2 1 2 1 A B
⟨I (t) ⟩ = I + I = .
A 2 B 2 2

Taking the square root gives the r.m.s current:

2 2
I +I
= √
A B
I rms .
2
This corresponds to Option B.

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Question3
An electric bulb rated as 100 W − 220 V is connected to an ac
source of rms voltage 220 V. The peak value of current through the
bulb is :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 3rd April Evening Shift

Options:

A. 0.32 A

B. 0.64 A

C. 0.45 A

D. 2.2 A

Answer: B

Solution:
First find the bulb’s rms current and then convert to its peak value:

rms current
W
A
P 100
I rms = = ≈ 0.455
V 220 V

peak current

I peak = I rms √ 2 ≈ 0.455 × 1.414 ≈ 0.64 A

So the correct choice is 0.64 A (Option B).

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Question4
An alternating current is represented by the equation,
i = 100√ 2 sin(100πt) ampere. The RMS value of current and the

frequency of the given alternating current are

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 4th April Morning Shift
Options:

A. 100

√2
A, 100 Hz

B. 50√2 A, 50 Hz

C. 100√2 A, 100 Hz

D. 100 A, 50 Hz

Answer: D

Solution:
To solve the problem, we need to determine both the RMS value of the current and the frequency from the
given equation:

i(t) = 100√ 2 sin(100πt).

Here's how we do it step by step:

RMS Current Calculation:

For a sinusoidal current of the form i(t) = I 0 sin(ωt), the RMS (root-mean-square) current is given by:
I0
I RMS = .
√2

In our case, the amplitude I 0

= 100√ 2 A. Plugging into the formula:

I RMS =
100√ 2

√2
= 100 A.

Frequency Calculation:

The argument of the sine function is 100πt. In the general form sin(ωt), ω is the angular frequency which
relates to the frequency f by the equation:

ω = 2πf .

Given ω = 100π, we can solve for f :

f =
ω

2π
=
100π

2π
= 50 Hz.

With these calculations, we find that the RMS current is 100 A and the frequency is 50 Hz.

Thus, the correct option is:

Option D: 100 A, 50 Hz.

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Question5
An ac current is represented as
π
i = 5√ 2 + 10 cos (650πt + )Amp
6

The r.m.s value of the current is

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Morning Shift

Options:

A. 10 Amp

B. 5√2 Amp

C. 100 Amp

D. 50 Amp

Answer: A

Solution:

To find the root mean square (RMS) value of the given alternating current, follow these steps:

The current is represented as:

i = 5√ 2 + 10 cos (650πt +
π

6
) Amp

Here, the time-independent DC component is 5√2 and the AC component is 10 cos (650πt + π

6
) .

Calculate the square of the current, i : 2

2
2
2 π π
i = (5√ 2) + (10 cos (650πt + )) + 2 × 5√ 2 × 10 cos (650πt + )
6 6

Simplifying, we have:
2 2 π π
i = 50 + 100 cos (650πt + ) + 100√ 2 cos (650πt + )
6 6

Find the average value ⟨i ⟩: 2

The average value of cos terms over a period is zero, simplifying our equation to:
 2 100
⟨i ⟩ = 50 + + 0
2

This simplifies to:

2
⟨i ⟩ = 50 + 50 = 100

Calculate the RMS current:

The RMS value is the square root of the mean of the squares of the current:

⟨i⟩ = √ 100 = 10 Amp

Thus, the RMS value of the current is 10 Amps.

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Question6
In a series LCR circuit, a resistor of 300Ω, a capacitor of 25 nF and
an inductor of 100 mH are used. For maximum current in the
circuit, the angular frequency of the ac source is _________ ×10 4

radians s −1

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 23rd January Evening Shift

Answer: 2

Solution:
1
ω =
√ LC

For a series LCR circuit, the maximum current occurs at resonance, where the inductive reactance equals the
capacitive reactance. Given the values:

Inductance: L = 100 mH = 0.1 H

Capacitance: C = 25 nF = 25 × 10 −9
F

we first calculate the product LC :

−9 −9
LC = 0.1 × 25 × 10 = 2.5 × 10

Next, compute the square root of the product:

√ LC = √ 2.5 × 10 −9

Recognize that:
√ 2.5 × 10 −9 = √ 2.5 × √ 10 −9 ≈ 1.581 × 10 −4.5

Since 10 −4.5
= 3.162 × 10
−5
, we have:
−5 −5
√ LC ≈ 1.581 × 3.162 × 10 ≈ 5.0 × 10

Now, the angular frequency at resonance becomes:

ω =
1

5.0×10
−5
= 2.0 × 10
4
radians/s

Thus, the angular frequency of the AC source for maximum current in the circuit is:

ω = 2 × 10
4
radians/s

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Question7
An inductor of self inductance 1 H is connected in series with a
resistor of 100π ohm and an ac supply of 100π volt, 50 Hz .
Maximum current flowing in the circuit is _________ A.

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 4th April Evening Shift

Answer: 1

Solution:
Impedance of circuit

2 2
Z = √ R + (X L ) = √ R + (ω L )
2 2

= √ (100π) 2 + (2π × 50 × 1) 2

= √ (100π) 2 + (100π) 2

= √ 2 × 100π

V 100π 1
I rms = = =
2 √ 2 × 100π √2

1
I max = √ 2I rms = √ 2 × = 1 Ampere
√2

Correct Answer : 1

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Question8
For ac circuit shown in figure, R = 100kΩ and C = 100pF and the
phase difference between V in and (V − V ) is 90 . The input
B A
∘

signal frequency is 10 rad/sec, where ' x ' is __________ .

x

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Morning Shift

Answer: 5

Solution:
Input voltage
 ∘ ∘
θ + θ = 90 ; θ = 45

XC
tan θ =
R
1
XC = R ⇒ = R
WC

1 1
W = =
3 −12
RC 100 × 10 × 100 × 10
12
10 5
= = 10
7
10

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Question9
An inductor of reactance 100Ω, a capacitor of reactance 50Ω, and a
resistor of resistance 50Ω are connected in series with an AC source
of 10 V, 50 Hz. Average power dissipated by the circuit is
___________ W.

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Evening Shift

Answer: 1

Solution:
To calculate the average power dissipated in the circuit, we follow these steps:

Formula for Power:

P = V rms × I rms × cos ϕ

Expressing Power in Terms of Voltage and Impedance:

V rms
R
P = V rms × ×
Z Z

Simplifying the Expression:

2
V ×R
rms
P = 2
Z

Calculate Impedance (Z):

The impedance of the circuit (Z) is calculated as:

2 2
Z = √ R + (X L − X C )

Given:

-X L
= 100 Ω

-X C
= 50 Ω

- R = 50 Ω
X L − X C = 100 Ω − 50 Ω = 50 Ω

Thus:

2 2
Z = √ 50 + 50 = 50√ 2 Ω

Substitute Values to Find Power (P):

Given V rms = 10 V, we calculate P as follows:

2
10 ×50
P =
(50√ 2)
2

Simplifying further:

P =
100×50

2500×2
= 1 W

Therefore, the average power dissipated by the circuit is 1 W.

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Question10
Primary side of a transformer is connected to 230 V, 50Hz supply.
Turns ratio of primary to secondary winding is 10:1. Load resistance
connected to secondary side is 46Ω. The power consumed in it is :
[27-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
12.5W

B.
10.0W

C.
11.5W

D.
12.0W

Answer: C

Solution:

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Question11
A series LCR circuit with L = 100/π mH, C = 10-3/π F and R = 10Ω,
is connected across an ac source of 220V, 50Hz supply. The power
factor of the circuit would be___
[27-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 1

Solution:

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Question12
In the given figure, the charge stored in 6µF capacitor, when points
A and B are joined by a connecting wire is ____ µC.

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Answer: 36

Solution:
At steady state, capacitor behaves as an open circuit and current flows in circuit as shown in the diagram.

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Question13
Primary coil of a transformer is connected to 220V ac. Primary and
secondary turns of the transforms are 100 and 10 respectively.
Secondary coil of transformer is connected to two series resistance
shown in shown in figure. The output voltage (V0) is :
[30-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
7V

B.
15V

C.
44V

D.
22V

Answer: A

Solution:

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Question14
A series L,R circuit connected with an ac source E = (25sin 1000t)V
has a power factor of 1/√2. If the source of emf is changed to E=
(20sin2000 t)V, the new power factor of the circuit will be :

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
1/√2

B.
1/√3

C.
1/√5

D.
1/√7

Answer: C

Solution:

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Question15
An alternating voltage V(t) = 220sin 100πt volt is applied to a purely
resistive load of 50Ω. The time taken for the current to rise from
half of the peak value to the peak value is:

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
5 ms

B.
3.3 ms

C.
7.2 ms

D.
2.2 ms

Answer: B

Solution:
Rising half to peak

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Question16
A power transmission line feeds input power at 2.3 kV to a step
down transformer with its primary winding having 3000 turns. The
output power is delivered at 230V by the transformer. The current
in the primary of the transformer is 5A and its efficiency is 90%.
The winding of transformer is made of copper. The output current
of transformer is_____A.

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 45

Solution:

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Question17
An AC voltage V = 20sin 200πt is applied to a series LCR circuit
which drives a current I = 10sin (200πt + π/3). The average power
dissipated is:

[31-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
21.6 W

B.
200W

C.
173.2 W

D.
50W
Answer: D

Solution:

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Question18
A parallel plate capacitor has a capacitance C = 200pF. It is
connected to 230V ac supply with an angular frequency 300rad∕ s.
The rms value of conduction current in the circuit and displacement
current in the capacitor respectively are :

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
1.38µA and 1.38µA

B.
14.3µA and 143µA

C.
13.8µA and 138µA

D.
13.8µA and 13.8µA

Answer: D

Solution:
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Question19
In series LCR circuit, the capacitance is changed from C to 4C. To
keep the resonance frequency unchanged, the new inductance
should be :

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.

B.
increased by 2L

C.

D.
increased to 4L

Answer: C

Solution:
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Question20
A transformer has an efficiency of 80% and works at 10V and 4kW.
If the secondary voltage is 240V, then the current in the secondary
coil is :

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
1.59A

B.
13.33A

C.
1.33A

D.
15.1A

Answer: B

Solution:
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Question21
In the circuit shown in the figure, the ratio of the quality factor and
the band width is____s.

[24-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 10

Solution:

Solution:
R
∆ω=
L
ω L
Q = 0 = ω0
∆ω R
1 1
ω0 = = 3
√ 3 × 27 × 10 −6
9 × 10−
L
ω0
Q
∆ω
=
R
L
R L2
= ω0 2 =
R √ 1 L2
LC R2

1 9
= ×
−3 100
= 10 s
9 × 10

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Question22
Three identical resistors with resistance R = 12Ω and two identical
inductors with sell inductance L = 5 mH are connected to an ideal
battery with emf of 12V as shown in figure. The current through the
battery long after the switch has been closed will be___A.

[24-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 3

Solution:
Solution:
After long time an inductor behaves as a resistance-less path.
So current through cell
12 =
I= 3A{∵R = 12Ω}
R∕3

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Question23
In an LC oscillator, if values of inductance and capacitance become
twice and eight times, respectively, then the resonant frequency of
oscillator becomes x times its initial resonant frequency ω0. The
value of x is:
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 1 ∕ 4

B. 16
C. 1 ∕ 16

D. 4

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
The resonance frequency of LC oscillations circuit is
ω0 = 1
√LC
L → 2L
C → 8C
ω= 1 = 1
√2L × 8C 4√LC
ω0
ω=
4
1
So x =
4

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Question24
An LCR series circuit of capacitance 62.5 nF and resistance of 50Ω.
is connected to an A.C. source of frequency 2.0 kHz. For maximum
value of amplitude of current in circuit, the value of inductance is
________ mH.
(take π2 = 10 )
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 100

Solution:
Solution:
f = 1 ∕ 2π√LC
2000 Hz = 1 ∕ 2π √ L × 62.5 × 10−9
L = 1 ∕ 4π2 × 20002 × 62.5 × 10−9 = 0.1H = 100 mH

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Question25
A series LCR circuit is connected to an AC source of 220V, 50 Hz.
The circuit contains a resistance R = 80Ω, an inductor of inductive
reactance XL = 70Ω, and a capacitor of capacitive reactance
X
XC = 130Ω. The power factor of circuit is 10
. The value of x is :
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 8

Solution:
Solution:
cos φ = R = R
Z
√R 2
+ (XC − XL)2
80
cos φ =
√ (80)2 + (60)2
cos φ = 80 ⇒ 8
100 10
So, x = 8

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Question26
Find the mutual inductance in the arrangement, when a small
circular loop of wire of radius ' R ' is placed inside a large square
loop of wire of side L (L ≫ R). The loops are coplanar and their
centres coincide :

[29-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

√2 µ0R2
A. M = L

2√2 µ0R
B. M =
L2

2√2 µ0R2
C. M = L

√2 µ0R
D. M =
L2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
φ = Mi
φ = (BA)

( )
µ0 i
φ = πR2 4 √2
4π
( )
L
2
2√2 µ0R2
⇒M=
L

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Question27
For the given figures, choose the correct options:

[29-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. The rms current in circuit (b) can never be larger than that in (a)

B. The rms current in figure (a) is always equal to that in figure (b)
C. The rms current in circuit (b) can be larger than that in (a)

D. At resonance, current in (b) is less than that in (a)

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:

XL is not equal to XC. So rms current in (b) can never be larger than (a).

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Question28
An inductor of inductance 2µH is connected in series with a
resistance, a variable capacitor and an AC source of frequency
7 kHz. The value of capacitance for which maximum current is
drawn into the circuit is 1x F , where the value of x is _______.

( . Take π = 22
7 )
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 3872
Solution:
Solution:
1
= 2π fL
2π fC
C= 1 = 1
4π f L 4 × π × 49 × 106 × 2 × 10−6
2 2 2

1
C= F
3872
x = 3872 Ans.

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Question29
A sinusoidal carrier voltage is amplitude modulated. The resultant
amplitude modulated wave has maximum and minimum amplitude
of 120V and 80V respectively. The amplitude of each sideband is :
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 15V

B. 10V

C. 20V

D. 5V

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
Ac + Am = 120
Ac − Am = 80
∴Ac = 100
Am = 20
20 1
Modulation index = =
100 5
Amplitude of each sideband
= Ac (mod ulation index)
2
1
= 100× = 10 volt
10

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Question30
In a series LR circuit with XL = R. power factor is P1. If a capacitor
of capacitance C with X C = X L is added to the circuit the power
factor becomes P2. The ratio of P1 to P2 will be :
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 1 : 3

B. 1 : √2

C. 1 : 1

D. 1 : 2

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
R R R
P= ⇒ P1 = = ( as XL = R)
Z
√ R2 + XL2 R√2
1
P1 =
√2
P2 = R = P2 = 1
√R 2
+ (XL − XL) 2

P1 1
=
P 2 √2

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Question31
In the given circuit, rms value of current (Irms) through the resistor
R is :
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 2A
1
B. A
2

C. 20A

D. 2√2 A

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
z = √ 1002 + (200 − 100)2
= 100√2 Ω
V 200√2
irms = rms =
z 100√2
= 2A

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Question32
In an ac generator, a rectangular coil of 100 turns each having area
−2
14 × 10 m2 is rotated at 360 rev ∕ min about an axis perpendicular to
a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 3.0T. The maximum value of
the emf produced will be V _______.( . Take π = 22
7 )
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Answer: 1584

Solution:

Solution:
ξmax = NAB ω
−2 360 × 2π
= 100 × 14 × 10 × 3×
60
= 1584V

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Question33
An alternating voltage source V = 260sin (628t) is connected across a
pure inductor of 5 mH. Inductive reactance in the circuit is:
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 3.14Ω

B. 6.28Ω

C. 0.5Ω

D. 0.318Ω

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
ω = 628 rad ∕ s
X L = Lω
= 5 mH × 628
= 3.14Ω

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Question34
A series LCR circuit consists of R = 80ΩXL = 100Ω, and XC = 40Ω
The input voltage is 2500 cos(100πt) V. The amplitude of current, in
the circuit, is ________ A.
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 25

Solution:
Solution:
ω = 100π
2
So Z = √R + (X L − X C)2
= √ 802 + (100 − 40)2
= 100Ω
V 0 2500
i0 = = A = 25A
Z 100

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Question35
Match the List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[1-Feb-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

B. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

C. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

D. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Based on theory.

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Question36
A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac source of 220V, 50 Hz.
The circuit contain a resistance R = 100Ω and an inductor of
inductive reactance X L = 79.6Ω. The capacitance of the capacitor
needed to maximize the average rate at which energy is supplied will
be _______ µF.
[1-Feb-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 40

Solution:
Solution:
To maximize the average rate at which energy supplied i.e. power will be maximum.
So in LCR circuit power will be maximum at the condition of resonance and in resonance condition
XL =XC
1
79.6 =
ωC
∴C = 1
2π × 50 × 79.6
∴C = 40µF

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Question37
An ideal transformer with purely resistive load operates at 12 kV on
the primary side. It supplies electrical energy to a number of nearby
houses at 120V. The average rate of energy consumption in the
houses served by the transformer is 60 kW. The value of resistive
load (Rs) required in the secondary circuit will be mΩ.
[6-Apr-2023 shift 1]

Answer: 240

Solution:
Solution:
Vs Ns
=
Vp Np

⇒ 120 = N s
12000 N p
Ns
⇒ = 1 −− − (i)
N p 100
For an ideal transformer, input power = Output power
And power is given by P = iV
ipV p = isV s = 60000W
60000
ip = =5
12000
V p 12000
Now, Rp = = = 2400Ω
ip 5
Vs 120 120 120 0.240Ω 240mΩ
Rs = = = 120× = = =
is 60000 ∕ 120 60000 500

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Question38
A capacitor of capacitance 150.0µF is connected to an alternating
source of emf given by E = 36sin (120πt)V. The maximum value of
current in the circuit is approximatively equal to :
[6-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. √2A
B. 2√2A

C. 1 A
√2

D. 2A

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
Given alternating AC source E = 36sin (120πt)v& capacitor C = 150µF using Q = CV
we can write Q = (CE0sin ωt)
dQ
Current i = = (CE0ω cos ω t)
dt
max. value of current i0 = CE0ω
or i0 = 150 × 10−6 × 36 × 120π
= 2.03A

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Question39
An oscillating LC circuit consists of a 75 mH inductor and a 1.2µF
capacitor. If the maximum charge to the capacitor is 2.7µC. The
maximum current in the circuit will be ________ mA.
[8-Apr-2023 shift 1]

Answer: 9
Solution:
Solution:
LC oscillation L = 75 mH
C = 1.2µF
Umax L = Umax C
2
1 LI 2 = 1 qmax
2 max 2 C
6
qmax 2.7 × 10−
Imax = ⇒ Imax =
√LC √ 75 × 10−3 × 1.2 × 10−6
−3
Imax = 9 × 10 A
Imax = 9 mA

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Question40
A series combination of resistor of resistance 100Ω, inductor of
inductance 1H and capacitor of capacitance 6.25µF is connected to
an ac source. The quality factor of the circuit will be _______.
[8-Apr-2023 shift 2]

Answer: 4

Solution:
Solution:
Q=
1
R
L
C√
√
1 1
=
100 6.25 × 10−6
=4

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Question41
Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Maximum power is dissipated in a circuit containing
an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor connected in series with an
AC source, when resonance occurs
Statement II : Maximum power is dissipated in a circuit containing
pure resistor due to zero phase difference between current and
voltage.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
the options given below :
[10-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

C. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

D. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
Power is more when total impendence of ckt in minimum
Z = √ R2 + (XL − XC)2
∵ XL = XC (conductor of resonance)
∴ Zmin = R ∴ V&I in same phase

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question42

As per the given graph, choose the correct representation for curve
A and curve B.
{ . Where XC = reactance of pure capacitive circuit connected with
A.C. source
XL = reactance of pure inductive circuit connected with A.C. source
R = impedance of pure resistive circuit connected with A.C. source.
Z = impedance of the LCR series circuit
[11-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. A = XL, B = R

B. A = XL, B = Z

C. A = XC, B = R

D. A = XC, B = XL

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
XL = WL = 2π fL
XC = 1 = 1
Wc 2π fc
R = const.
A → XC
B → XL

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question43
Given below are two statements:
Statements I : When the frequency of an a.c source in a series LCR
circuit increases, the current in the circuit first increases, attains a
maximum value and then decreases
Statements II : In a series LCR circuit, the value of power factor at
resonance is one.
In the light of given statements, choose the most appropriate answer
from the options given below.
[12-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.

B. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

C. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.

D. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
(i) At resonance frequency power factor of RLC circuit is one
(ii) Graph of RLC circuit is:
At ω = ωR
Z=R
R
cos φ = =1
Z

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question44
Given below are two statements :
Statements I : An AC circuit undergoes electrical resonance if it
contains either a capacitor or an inductor.
Statement II : An AC circuit containing a pure capacitor or a pure
inductor consumes high power due to its non-zero power factor.
In the light of above statements, choose the correct answer form the
options given below :
[13-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

B. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

C. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

D. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Statement-I: An AC circuit for resonance inductor and capacitor both should required.
Statement-II: An AC circuit containing a pure capacitor and pure inductor have no power loss
For resonance, φ = 0
means both capacitor and inductor must be present.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question45
A resistance of 40Ω is connected to a source of alternating current
rated 220V, 50 Hz. Find the time taken by the current to change
from its maximum value to the rms value :
[24-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 2.5 ms
B. 1.25 ms

C. 2.5s

D. 0.25s

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
I = I 0 cos(ωt) say
⇒ At maximum ωt1 = 0 or t1 = 0
Then at rms value I = I 0 ∕ √2
⇒ωt2 = π ∕ 4
⇒ω(t2 − t1) = π ∕ 4
π πT
∆t = =
4ω 4 × 2π
1
= s or 2.5 ms
400

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question46
As shown in the figure an inductor of inductance 200 mH is
connected to an AC source of emf 220V and frequency 50 Hz. The
instantaneous voltage of the source is 0V when the peak value of
current is √πa A. The value of a is _____

[24-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 242

Solution:

Solution:
 V rms
I rms =
z
z = X 2 = ω2
200
= 2π × 50×
1000
= 20π
∴I rms = 220 = 11
20π π
11
∴I peak = √2 ×
π
√
= 2 × 121
π
√242
=
π

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question47
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The reactance of an ac circuit is zero. It is possible that
the circuit contains a capacitor and an inductor.
Statement II : In ac circuit, the average power delivered by the
source never becomes zero.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
the options given below.
[24-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.

C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false.

D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
X = | X C − X L|
So, it can be zero if X C = X L
And, average power in ac circuit can be zero.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question48
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

[25-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. (A) − (II), (B) − (I), (C) − (IV), (D) − (III)

B. (A) − (II), (B) − (I), (C) − (III), (D) − (IV)

C. (A) − (III), (B) − (IV), (C) − (II), (D) − (I)

D. (A) − (I I I ), (B) − (I ), (C) − (I I ), (D) − (I V )

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question49
If wattless current flows in the AC circuit, then the circuit is :
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. Purely Resistive circuit

B. Purely Inductive circuit

C. LCR series circuit

D. RC series circuit only

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
For wattless current to flow in AC circuit the circuit will be Purely Inductive circuit.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question50
A sinusoidal voltage V (t) = 210 sin 3000 t volt is applied to a series
LCR circuit in which L = 10 mH, C = 25µF and R = 100Ω. The
phase difference (Φ) between the applied voltage and resultant
current will be :
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. tan−1(0.17)

B. tan−1(9.46)

C. tan−1(0.30)

D. tan−1(13.33)

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
 −3
X L = 3000 × 10 × 10 = 30Ω
1 40
XC= × 106 = Ω
3000 × 25 3
40 50
So X L − X C = 30 − = Ω
3 3
X L − X C 50 ∕ 3 1
tan θ = = =
R 100 6
−1
So θ = tan (0.17)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question51
In a series LCR circuit, the inductance, capacitance and resistance
are L = 100 mH, C = 100µF and R = 10Ω respectively. They are
connected to an AC source of voltage 200V and frequency of 50 Hz.
The approximate value of current in the circuit will be A.

[25-Jun-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 22

Solution:
Solution:
Z = √ R2 + (xL + xC)2
√ [ ]Ω
2
100
= 102 + 10π −
π
≃10Ω
220
⇒ Current = A = 22A
10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question52
A 110V, 50 Hz, AC source is connected in the circuit (as shown in
figure). The current through the resistance 55Ω, at resonance in the
circuit, will be _____A.

[26-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 0

Solution:

Solution:
1
√( )
2
= 1 1
−
Z XL XC
At resonance, XL = XC&Z → ∞
∴Z total circuit → ∞
i.e, I = 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question53
The current flowing through an ac circuit is given by
I = 5 sin(120πt) A
How long will the current take to reach the peak value starting from
zero?
[27-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 1 S
60
B. 60s

C. 1 S
120

D. 1 S
240

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
ω = 120π
1
⇒T = sec
60
T
The current will take its peak value in time
4
T
So t =
4
1
= s
240

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question54
An AC source is connected to an inductance of 100 mH, a
capacitance of 100µF and a resistance of 120Ω as shown in figure.
The time in which the resistance having a thermal capacity 2J ∕ ∘ C
will get heated by 16∘ C is______ s.

[28-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 15

Solution:
Solution:
L = 100 × 10−3H
C = 100 × 10−6F
R = 120Ω
ωL = 10Ω
1 = 1 = 100Ω
ωC 10 × 10−6
4

⇒XC − XL = 90Ω
⇒Z = √ 902 + 1202 = 150Ω
⇒I rms = 20 = 2 A
150 15
For heat resistance by 16∘C heat required = 32J

( )
2
⇒ 2 × (120) × t = 32
15
32 × 15 × 15 =
t= 15
4 × 120

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question55
A telegraph line of length 100 km has a capacity of 0.01µF ∕ km and
it carries an alternating current at 0.5 kilo cycle per second. If
minimum impedance is required, then the value of the inductance
that needs to be introduced in series is ____mH(if π = √10 )
[28-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 100

Solution:
Solution:
Total capacitance = 0.01 × 100 = 1µF
ω = 500 × 2π = 1000π rad ∕ s
1
ωL =
ωC
⇒L = 12 = 6 2 1 −6 = 1 H = 100 mH
ω C 1 π × 10 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question56
In the given circuit, the magnitude of VL and VC are twice that of
1
VR. Given that f = 50 Hz, the inductance of the coil is Kπ
mH. The
value of K is____

[28-Jun-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 0

Solution:

Solution:
V L = 2V R
So ωLi = 2Ri
2R 2×5 1 100
⇒L = = = H = H
ω 2π × 50 10π π
1
So k = ≃0
100

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question57
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
For a series LCR circuit, I vs ω curve is shown :
(a) To the left of ωr, the circuit is mainly capacitive.
(b) To the left of ωr, the circuit is mainly inductive.
(c) At ωr, impedance of the circuit is equal to the resistance of the
circuit.
(d) At ωr, impedance of the circuit is 0 .
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. (a) and (b) only.

B. (b) and (d) only.

C. (a) and (c) only.

D. (b) and (c) only.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
1
We know that X C = and X L = ωL
ωC
Also, at ω = ωr : X L = X C
⇒ For ω < ωr : capacitive
and ω = ωr : z = √ R2 + (X L − X C)2 = R
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question58
An inductor of 0.5 mH, a capacitor of 200µF and a resistor of 2Ω are
connected in series with a 220V ac source. If the current is in phase
with the emf, the frequency of ac source will be ______×102 Hz
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 5
Solution:

Solution:
Current will be in phase with emf when
1
ωL =
ωC
1 1
⇒ω = =
√LC √ 5 × 10−4 × 2 × 10−4
4
⇒ω = 10 rad ∕ s
√10
1 104
⇒f = × Hz
2π √10
⇒f ≃ 500 Hz

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question59
To increase the resonant frequency in series LCR circuit,
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. source frequency should be increased.

B. another resistance should be added in series with the first resistance.

C. another capacitor should be added in series with the first capacitor.

D. the source frequency should be decreased.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
1
Resonant frequency = = ω0
√LC
⇒ If we decrease C, ω0 would increase
⇒ Another capacitor should be added in series.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question60
The rms value of conduction current in a parallel plate capacitor is
6.9µA. The capacity of this capacitor, if it is connected to 230V ac
supply with an angular frequency of 600rad ∕ s, will be:
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 5pF

B. 50pF

C. 100pF

D. 200pF

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
ZC= V
I
⇒ 1 = 230 M Ω
ωC 6.9
⇒C = 6.9 µF
230ω
6.9
= µF
230 × 600
C = 50pF

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question61
When you walk through a metal detector carrying a metal object in
your pocket, it raises an alarm. This phenomenon works on :
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. Electromagnetic induction

B. Resonance in ac circuits

C. Mutual induction in ac circuits

D. Interference of electromagnetic waves

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Metal detector works on the principle of resonance in ac circuits.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question62
In a series LR circuit X L = R and power factor of the circuit is P1.
When capacitor with capacitance C such that X L = X C is put in
P1
series, the power factor becomes P2. The ratio P2
is:
[26-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 1
2

B. 1
√2

√3
C.
√2

D. 2 : 1

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
P1 = cos φ = 1 (X L = R)
√2
′
P2 = cos φ = 1 (will become resonance circuit)
P
So, 1 = 1
P 2 √2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question63
The effective current I in the given circuit at very high frequencies
will be A.

[26-Jul-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 44

Solution:

Solution:
Equivalent circuit will be

I = 220 = 44A
5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question64
To light, a 50W, 100V lamp is connected, in series with a capacitor of
capacitance π50
√
µF , with 200V, 50 Hz AC source. The value of x will
x
be _________.
[27-Jul-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 3
Solution:
Solution:
V2 ⇒ = V2
P= R
R P
(VR) (VC)

100 × 102
R= = R = 200Ω
50
V R2 + V C2 = V 2
(100)2 + VC2 = (200)2
100 1
i= = ; V2 = 40000
200 2
V = I × XC; VC2 = 30000
VC = 100√3
XC = 200√3
1
200√3 =
ωC
1 50 × 10−6
C= =
20 × 50 × 20√3 √x
−6
√x = 50 × 10 × 100 × 200√3
X =3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question65
A series LCR circuit has L = 0.01H, R = 10Ω and C = 1µF and it is
connected to ac voltage of amplitude (Vm)50V. At frequency 60%
lower than resonant frequency, the amplitude of current will be
approximately :
[27-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 466 mA

B. 312 mA

C. 238 mA

D. 196 mA

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Resonant frequency, ω0 = 1 = 104 rad ∕ sec ω′ = .4 × 104 = 4000 rad ∕ sec
√LC
V0
i0 = = 238 mA
√R 2 ′
+ (XC − XL ) ′ 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question66
The equation of current in a purely inductive circuit is
5 sin(49πt − 30∘ ). If the inductance is 30 mH then the equation for the
voltage across the inductor, will be :
{ . Let .π = 22
7 }
[28-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 1.47 sin(49πt − 30∘)

B. 1.47 sin(49πt + 60∘)

∘
C. 23.1 sin(49πt − 30 )

D. 23.1 sin(49πt + 60∘)

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
V (t) = I ωL sin(49πt − 30∘ + 90∘)
30
= 5 × 49π× sin(49πt + 60∘)
1000
= 23.1 sin(49πt + 60∘)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question67
The frequencies at which the current amplitude in an LCR series
circuit becomes √1 times its maximum value, are 212 rad s−1 and
2
−1
232 rad s . The value of resistance in the circuit is R = 5Ω. The self
inductance in the circuit is _______ mH.
[28-Jul-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 250

Solution:

Solution:
R
Band width = 232 − 212 =
L
∴L = 5 = 250 mH
20

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question68
An alternating emf E = 440 sin 100 π t is applied to a circuit
containing an inductance of √π2 H. If an a.c. ammeter is connected in
the circuit, its reading will be :
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 4.4A

B. 1.55A
C. 2.2A

D. 3.11A

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
√2
E = 440 Sin 100 π t, L = H
π
√2
XL = ωL = 100π = 100√2 Ω
π
E
Peak current I0 = 0 = 440 = 2.2√2 A
XL 100√2
AC ammeter reads RMS value therefore reading will be Irms
I0
Irms = = 2.2A
√2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question69
A coil of inductance 1H and resistance 100Ω is connected to a
battery of 6V. Determine approximately :
(a) The time elapsed before the current acquires half of its steady -
state value.
(b) The energy stored in the magnetic field associated with the coil at
an instant 15 ms after the circuit is switched on. (Given
−3 ∕
ln 2 = 0.693, e 2 = 0.25 )
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. t = 10 ms; U = 2 mJ

B. t = 10 ms; U = 1 mJ

C. t = 7 ms; U = 1 mJ

D. t = 7 ms; U = 2 mJ

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Given circuit is R − L growth circuit

E (1 − e−t ∕ τ)
i=
R
E E −t ∕ )
i= = (1 − e τ )
2R R
Solving t = τ ln 2
1 1 0.693 =
t = ln 2 = 0.00693
R 100
= 7 ms
15
i(15 ms) =
E ( −
1 − e 10 )
R
6 (1 − 1 ∕ 4) = 3 × 6
i=
100 4 100
1 2
U = LI
2
by solving we get U = 1 mJ.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question70
A circuit element X when connected to an a.c. supply of peak voltage
100V gives a peak current of 5A which is in phase with the voltage. A
second element Y when connected to the same a.c. supply also gives
the same value of peak current which lags behind the voltage by π2 .
If X and Y are connected in series to the same supply, what will be
the rms value of the current in ampere?
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 10
√2

B. 5
√2

C. 5√2
D. 5
2

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
100 =
Element X should be resistive with, R = 20Ω
5
100 =
Element Y should be inductive with, X L = 20Ω
5
When X and Y are connector in series,
Z = √ 202 + 202 = 20√2 Ω
100 100 5
I = = =
Z 20√2 √2
irms = 1 I
√2
= 5
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question71
A capacitor of capacitance 500µF is charged completely using a dc
supply of 100V. It is now connected to an inductor of inductance
50 mH to form an LC circuit. The maximum current in LC circuit
will be ________ A.
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 10

Solution:
Solution:
At steady state charge stored on the capacitor,

Energy stored in the capacitor,

q 2
U max = max
2C
Now, when electrostatic energy of capacitor converted to magnetic field energy then all energy of
capacitor is transferred to the inductor.
∴ Maximum energy stored in the inductor
1
U L max = LI max2
2
1 2 qmax2
∴ LI max =
2 2C
q
⇒I max = max
√LC
5 × 10−2
=
√ 50 × 10−3 × 500 × 10−6
5 × 10−2
=
5 × 10−3
= 10A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question72
Find the peak current and resonant frequency of the following
circuit (as shown in figure).

[26 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A. 0.2A and 50H z

B. 0.2A and 100H z

C. 2A and 100H z

D. 2A and 50H z

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
Given, inductance, L = 100mH
−3
= 100 × 10 H
Capacitance, C = 100µF
= 100 × 10−6F
Resistance, R = 120Ω
Maximum voltage, V 0 = 30V
Angular frequency, ω = 100rad s−1
Impedance, Z = √ (X L − X C)2 + R2
Here, X L = ωL = 100 × 100 × 10−3 = 10Ω

∴ XC = 1 = 1 = 100Ω
ωC 100 × 100 × 10−6
⇒ Z = √ X C − X L )2 + R 2
= √ (100 − 10)2 + (120)2 = √ ( 902 + 1202 = 153.3Ω
As we know that, peak current,
V0
I0= = 30 = 0.195A ∼ eq0.2A
Z 153.3
Resonance frequency,
1 1
∴ f = =
2π√LC 2π √ 100 × 10 × 100 × 10−6
−3

1 1
⇒ f = = = 100π = 50H z
2π √ 10 √ 10 2π
−5 −2 −1
2π × 10
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question73
An alternating current is given by the equation
i = i1 sin ω t + i2 cos ω t. The rms current will be
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 1 (i12 + i22)1 ∕ 2
√2

B. 1 (i1 + i2)2
√2

C. 1 (i12 + i22)1 ∕ 2
2

D. 1 (i1 + i2)
√2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given, i = i1 sin ω t + i2 cos ω t
Let I rms be the rms current.

( )
1∕2
i12 + i22
∴ I rms =
2
⇒ I rms = 1 (i12 + i22)1 ∕ 2
√2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question74
In a series L − C − R resonant circuit, the quality factor is measured
as 100 . If the inductance is increased by two fold and resistance is
decreased by two fold, then the quality factor after this change will
be ......... .
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 400

Solution:

Solution:
Given, initial quality factor (Qi) = 100
Let initial inductance (xLi) = x
Final inductance (xLf ) = 2x
and initial resistance (Ri) = R
R
Final resistance (Rf ) =
2
Final quality factor = Qf
XL
Since, Qi =
R
2X L
and Qf =
R∕2
4X L
⇒ Qf = = 4Qi = 4 × 100
R
Hence, final quality factor will be 400 .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question75
The angular frequency of alternating current in an L-C-R circuit is
100rad ∕ s. The components connected are shown in the figure. Find
the value of inductance of the coil and capacity of condenser.

[25 Feb 2021 Shift 1]

Options:

A. 0.8H and 150µF

B. 0.8H and 250µF

C. 1.33H and 250µF

D. 1.33H and 150µF

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Given, angular frequency, ω = 100rad s−1
R = 60Ω, V R = 15V ,
R′ = 40Ω, V = V L = 20V
R′
V C = 10V V = V L = 20V
R′

By using Ohm's law,

V =IR⇒ I =V ∕R
I = 15 ∕ 60 = 1 ∕ 4A . . . (i)
V ′
R
and I 1 = = 20 ∕ 40 = 1 ∕ 2A. . . (ii)
R′
VC 10
As, X C = = = 40Ω
I 1∕4
1
and X C =
ωC
1 = 1
⇒ C =
X C(1) 40 × 100
= 0.25 × 10−3F = 0.25mF
= 250µF
By using K CL in l oop2, (ii)
I2=I −I1
= 1 ∕ 4 − 1 ∕ 2 = −1 ∕ 4A
VL
XL= = 20 = 80Ω ⇒ ωL = 80
|I 2| 1∕4
L = 80 = 80 = 0.8H
ω 100

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question76
The current (i) at time t = 0 and t = ∞ respectively for the given
circuit is
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 18E , 5E
55 18

B. 10E , 5E
33 18

C. 5E , 18E
18 55

D. 5E , 10E
18 33

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question77
A transmitting station releases waves of wavelength 960m. A
capacitor of 2.56µF is used in the resonant circuit. The self-
−8
inductance of coil necessary for resonance is ......... ×10 H .
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 10

Solution:
Solution:
Given, wavelength of transmission signal,
λ = 960m
Capacitance, C = 2.56µF = 2.56 × 10−6F
As we know resonance frequency,
1
f =
2π√LC
speed (v)
Also, frequency (f ) =
wavelength (λ)
∴ v = 1
λ 2π√LC
λ
⇒ √LC =
v × 2π
On squaring both sides, we get
2 2
⇒ LC = 2 λ 2 ⇒ L = 2 λ 2
v × 4π v × 4π × C
2
⇒ L= (960)
(3 × 10 ) × 4π2 × 2.56 × 10−6
8 2

∴ L = 10 × 10−8H

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question78
Figure shows a circuit that contains four identical resistors with
resistance R = 2.0Ω, two identical inductors with inductance
L = 2.0mH and an ideal battery with electromotive force E = 9V .
The current i just after the switch S is closed will be

[24 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A. 2.25A

B. 3.0A

C. 3.37A

D. 9A
Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given, resistance, R = 2Ω,
Inductance, L = 2mH ,
emf, E = 9V
and i be the current.
∵ At t = 0 when switch is closed, inductors behave as open circuit.
∴ Effective circuit will be

By using Ohm's law, V = iR eq

⇒ i = V ∕ R eq
where, R eq is equivalent resistance of series resistors,
i.e., Req = R + R = 2R = 2 × 2 = 4Ω
i = 9 = 2.25A
4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question79
−4
A resonance circuit having inductance and resistance 2 × 10 H and
6.28Ω respectively oscillates at 10M H z frequency. The value of
quality factor of this resonator is[π = 3.14]
[24feb2021shift1]

Answer: 2000

Solution:

Solution:
Given : L = 2 × 10−4H
R = 6.28Ω
v = 10M H z = 107H z
Since, quality factor,
L L
Q = ω0 = 2πv
R R
−4
2
∴Q = 2π × 107 × × 10
6.28
3
Q = 2 × 10 = 2000

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question80
A common transistor radio set requires 12 V (D.C.) for its operation.
The D.C. source is constructed by using a transformer and a
rectifier circuit, which are operated at 220V (A.C.) on standard
domestic A.C. supply. The number of turns of secondary coil are 24 ,
then the number of turns of primary are
[24feb2021shift1]

Answer: 440

Solution:
Solution:
As we know,
NP VP
=
NS VS
Since, N S = 24, V P = 220V and V S = 12V
N P 220
=
24 12
N P = 220 × 24 = 440
12

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question81
In a series L − C − R resonance circuit, if we change the resistance
only, from a lower to higher value,
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:
A. the bandwidth of resonance circuit will increase

B. the resonance frequency will increase

C. the quality factor will increase

D. the quality factor and the resonance frequency will remain constant

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
R
Bandwidth of L − C − R series resonance circuit, β =
L
As we increase the value of the resistance from lower to the higher of the circuit, the bandwidth of
resonance circuit will also increase.
So, the option (a) is correct.
Resonance frequency, ω = 1
√LC
Since, the resonance frequency is independent of the resistance.
So, the option (b) is incorrect.
We know that,
ωL
Quality factor, Q =
R
The quality factor is inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. So, increasing the value
of resistance, the quality factor is decreased. So, the option (c) and (d) are incorrect.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question82
An AC source rated 220V , 50H z is connected to a resistor. The time
taken by the current to change from its maximum to the rms value is
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 2.5ms

B. 25ms

C. 2.5s

D. 0.25ms

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
Given, the frequency of the AC source, f = 50H z
Angular frequency of the circuit,
ω = 2πf
⇒ ω = 2π(50) ⇒ ω = 100π
As we know the general expression of the current in AC circuit,
I = I 0 sin ω t
I0
⇒ = I 0 sin(100πt)
√2
⇒ sin(100πt) = 1 ⇒ 100πt = sin−1 1
√2 √2 ( )
⇒ 100πt = ⇒ t = π 1 sec
4 400
⇒ t = 2.5 × 10−3s = 2.5ms

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question83
What happens to the inductive reactance and the current in a purely
inductive circuit, if the frequency is halved ?
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. Both inductive reactance and current will be halved.

B. Inductive reactance will be halved and current will be doubled.

C. Inductive reactance will be doubled and current will be halved.

D. Both inductive reactance and current will be doubled.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
As we know, the inductive reactance is directly proportional to the frequency of the AC circuit
i.e., X L = ωL
⇒ X L = 2πf L (∵ω = 2πf )
Here, f is the frequency of the AC circuit,
L is the inductive resistance
and X L is the inductive reactance.
When the frequency of an AC circuit is halved, then the inductive reactance of the circuit is also
halved.
XL
i.e. X L′ =
2
Using Ohm's law, I = V
XL
When the frequency is halved, then the current
I′= V ′ ⇒ I′= V
XL XL∕2
I ′ = 2I
The current becomes doubled.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question84
Match List-I with List-II

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2

B. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

C. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

D. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
A. In a purely resistive AC circuit, the phase difference between the current and voltage is zero.
B. In a purely inductive AC circuit, the current lags the voltage, so the phase difference between
the current and voltage is π ∕ 2.
C. In a purely capacitive AC circuit the current leads the voltage, so the phase difference between
the current and voltage is π ∕ 2.
D. The phase difference between current \& voltage in an L − C − R series circuit is
 (X C − X L)
φ = tan−1
R
∴ The correct match is A-(2), B-(3), C-(1), D-(4).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question85
An AC current is given by I = I 1 sin ω t + I 2 cos ω t. A hot wire
ammeter will give a reading
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. √ I 12 − I 22
2

B. √ l 12 + I 22
2

I1+I2
C.
√2

I1+I2
D.
2√2

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Given,I = I 1 sin ω t + I 2 cos ω t..(i)
We know that rms value of current is given by

I rms = √ ∫ I 2d t
T

√
T
2
∫ (I 1 sin ω t + I 2 cos ω t) d t
0
⇒I rms = using Eq. (i)]
T
Squaring on both sides of the above equation, we get
T (I sin ω t + I cos ω t)2
2 1 2
⇒ (I rms) = ∫ dt
0 T
T I 2(sin2ωt + I cos2ωt + 2I I sin ω t cos ω t)d t
⇒ (I rms)2 = ∫ 1 2 1 2
0 T
⇒ I rms = √ l 12 I 22
2
+
2
+0

⇒I rms = √ l 12 + I 22
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question86
A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 250V is applied to a series
L − C − R circuit, in which R = 8Ω, L = 24mH and C = 60µF . The
value of power dissipated at resonant condition is xkW . The value of
x to the nearest integer is
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 4

Solution:

Solution:
Given, V 0 = 250V , R = 8Ω, L = 24mH and C = 60µF
2
V rms
We know that, at resonance power, P =
R

[ ]
2 V 0 250
(250/√2 )
⇒ P= ∵V rms = = V
8 √2 √2
= (250)2 ∕ 16
= 62500 = 3906.25W ≈ 4kW
16
x = 4.
Comparing with the given value in the question i.e., xkW , the value of x = 4.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question87
An R − C circuit as shown in the figure is driven by an AC source
generating a square wav The output wave pattern monitored by
CRO would look close to
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
When square wave is applied at the input, then
−t
(
For charging, the capacitor Q = Q 1 − e RC
1
)
−t
( e RC )
Similarly, for discharging the capacitor, Q2 = Qmax
In this manner, charging and discharging exponentially with time will keep on happening
alternatively. Therefore, the output wave pattern monitored by CRO would look close to
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question88
For the given circuit, comment on the type of transformer used.

[16 Mar 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A. Auxilliary transformer

B. Auto transformer

C. Step-up transformer

D. Step down transformer

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Voltage across secondary coil,
= Power across load
Current passing through load
⇒ V 2 = P = 60 ⇒ V 2 = 545.45V
I L 0.11
Voltage across primary coil, V 1 = 220V
⇒ V2>V1
It means that step-up transformer is used.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question89
A 100 Ω resistance, a 0.1 µF capacitor and an inductor are connected
in series across a 250 V supply at variable frequency. Calculate the
value of inductance of inductor at which resonance will occur. Given
that the resonant frequency is 60 Hz.
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 0.70 H

B. 70.3 mH

C. 7.03 × 10–5 H

D. 70.3 H

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
C = 0.1µF = 10−7F
Resonant frequency = 60H z
ωo = 1
√LC
1 1
2πf 0 = ⇒L= 2 2
√LC 4π f o C
by putting values L ≃ 70.3H z

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question90
A 0.07H inductor and a 12Ω resistor are connected in series to a
220V , 50H z ac source. The approximate current in the circuit and
the phase angle between current and source voltage are respectively.
[Take π as 227 ]
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 8.8A and tan−1 11 ( )6

B. 88A and tan−1 11 ( )6

C. 0.88A and tan−1 11 ( )
6

D. 8.8A and tan−1 6 ( )

11

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:

ϕ = tan−1 ( XR )
L

X L = ωL
22
XL=2× × 50 × 0.07 = 22Ω
7
ϕ = tan−1 ( )
22
12
R = 12Ω

ϕ = tan−1 ( )
11
6
Z = √ X L2 + R2 = 25.059
I = V = 220 = 8.77A
Z 25.059

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question91
Two circuits are shown in the figure (a) & (b). At a frequency of
_______ rad/s the average power dissipated in one cycle will be same
in both the circuits.

[25 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 500
Solution:

Solution:
For figure (a)
Pavg = vrms2R
vrms2
2
× R = vrms2R × 1
Z
R2 = Z 2
25 = ( √ (xC − xL)2 + 52 ) 2
25 = (xc − xL)2 + 25

xc = xL ⇒ 1 = ωL
ωC
2 1 106
ω = =
LC 0.1 × 40
ω = 500

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question92
In a circuit consisting of a capacitance and a generator with
alternating emf E g = E g sin ω t, V Cand I C are the voltage and
0

current. Correct phasor diagram for such circuit is :

[22 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A.

B.
C.

D.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
π
In capacitor, current lead voltage by
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question93
Match List-I with List-II :

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

[22 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. (a) – (ii) ; (b) – (i) ; (c) - (iv) ; (d) – (iii)

B. (a) – (ii) ; (b) – (i) ; (c) - (iii) ; (d) – (iv)

C. (a) – (iii) ; (b) – (i) ; (c) - (iv) ; (d) – (ii)

D. (a) – (iv) ; (b) – (iii) ; (c) - (ii) ; (d) – (i)

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
(a) For xL > xC, voltage leads the current
(ii)
(b) For xL = xC, voltage & current are in same phase
(i)(c) For xL < xC, current leads the voltage
(iv)
(d) For resonant frequency xL = xC, current is maximum
(iii)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question94
For a series LCR circuit with R = 100Ω,L = 0.5mH and C = 0.1pF
connected across220V − 50H z AC supply, the phase angle between
current and supplied voltage and the nature of the circuit is :
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 0°, resistive circuit

B. ≈90°, predominantly inductive circuit

C. 0°, resonance circuit

D. ≈90°, predominantly capacitive circuit

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
R = 100Ω
X L = ωL = 50π × 10−3
11
X C = 1 = 10
ωC 100π
X C> > X L
&|XC−XL|>>R

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question95
A series LCR circuit of R = 5Ω, L = 20mH and C = 0.5µF is
connected across an AC supply of250V , having variable frequency.
The power dissipated at resonance condition is _______ ×102W .
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 125

Solution:

Solution:
X L = X C (due to resonance)
Z = R so irms = V Z = V
R
2
V 250 × 250
= = 125 × 102W
R 5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question96
AC voltage V (t) = 20 sinωt of frequency 50H z is applied to a
parallel plate capacitor. The separation between the plates is 2mm
and the area is 1m2.
The amplitude of the oscillating displacement current for the
applied AC voltage is _______.
[ Take ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12F ∕ m ]
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 21.14µA

B. 83.37µA

C. 27.79µA

D. 55.58µA

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:

From the given information,

εA ∈ ×1
C = 0 = 0 −3 F
d 2 × 10
1 2 × 10−3 2 × 10−3
∴X C = = = Ω
ωC 2 × 50π×∈0 25 × 4π∈0
2 × 10−3 18
∴X C = × 9 × 109 = × 106Ω
25 25
 V 0 20 × 25
∴i0 = = × 10−6A = 27.47µA.
XC 18
The value of amplitude of displacement current will be same as value of amplitude of conventional
current.
Hence option 3.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question97
In an LCR series circuit, an inductor 30mH and a resistor 1Ω are
connected to an AC source of angular frequency 300rad ∕ s. The
value of capacitance for which, the current leads the voltage by 45°
−3
is 1x × 10 F . Then the value of x is ______.
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 3

Solution:

Solution:
x −x
tan ϕ = C L
R
x −x
tan 45 = C L
R
xC − xL = R
1 − ωL =
R
ωC
1 − 300 × 0.03 =
1
ωC
1 = 10
ωC
C= 1 = 1
10ω 10 × 300
1 −3
C = × 10
3
X =3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question98
A capacitor of capacitance C = 1µF is suddenly connected to a
battery of 100 volt through a resistance R = 100Ω. The time taken
for the capacitor to be charged to get 50V is :
[ Take ln 2 = 0.69 ]
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 1.44 × 10−4s

B. 3.33 × 10−4s

C. 0.69 × 10−4s

D. 0.30 × 10−4s

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
t
V = V ( 1 − e RC )
−
0
t
(
50 = 100 1 − e RC ) −

4
t = 0.69 × 10− sec

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question99
An inductor of 10mH is connected to a 20V battery through a
resistor of 10kΩ and a switch.
After a long time, when maximum current is set up in the circuit, the
x
current is switched off. The current in the circuit after 1µs is 100 mA.
Then xis equal to ______. (Take e−1 = 0.37 )
[25 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 74

Solution:

Solution:
I max = V = 20V = 2mA
R 10K Ω
For LR − decay circuit
I = I maxe−R ∕ L
−10 × 103 × 1 × 10−6
I = 2mAe 10 × 10−3
I = 2mA e−1
I = 2 × 0.37mA
I = 74 mA
100
x = 74

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question100
An AC circuit has an inductor and a resistor of resistance R in
series, such that XL = 3R. Now, a capacitor is added in series such
that XC = 2R. The ratio of new power factor with the old power
factor of the circuit is √5 : x The valueof x is.
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 1

Solution:

Solution:
Given, resistance of resistor = R
Inductance, X L = 3R
Capacitance X C = 2R
As we know that,
R
Power factor, cos φ =
Z
where, Z is impedance,
Z = √ R2 + (X L − X C)2
For case I, an inductance connected in series with resistance
R
cos φ1 = R =
Z1 2
√
R + (X − 0)2 L
R
= = R = 1 ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ ⋅ (i)
√ R2 + (3R)2 R√10 √10
For case II, A capacitor is also connected in series with resistance
∴ cos φ2 = R
Z2
R
⇒ cos φ2 =
√ R + (3R − 2R)2
2

R
= = R = 1 ... (ii)
√ R + R R√2 √2
2 2

Now, ratio of Eqs. (ii) and (i), we get

1
cos φ2
cos φ1
=
√2
1
= √
10
2
= √5 : 1
√10
∴ x =1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question101

The alternating current is given by i = { √42 sin ( t ) + 10 } A

2π
T
The rms value of this current is ........ A.
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 11

Solution:

Solution:
Given, equation of alternating current,

[
i = √42 sin
2π
T ( )
t + 10 A ]
From given equation, we get
i = i1 + i2

where, i1 = √42 sin ( 2πT t ) A and i = 10A

2

Now, i1 is oscillating current, whereas i2 is direct current and its value does not change with time.
 √
(i1)rms = 42 = √21 A
√2
(i2)rms = 10A
We know that, irms2 = (i1)rms2 + (i2)rms2
Substituting the values, we get
irms = √ (√21 )2 + 102 = √121
⇒irms = 11A
Thus, RMS value of given equation of current is 11 A.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question102
In the given circuit the AC source has ω = 100 rad s− 1. Considering
the inductor and capacitor to be ideal, what will be the current /
flowing through the circuit?

[26 Aug 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A. 5.9A

B. 4.24A

C. 0.94A

D. None of the above

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
Given, angular frequency, ω = 100 rad ∕ s
Capacitance of capacitor, C = 100μF = 100 × 10−6F
Inductance of inductor coil, L = 0.5 H
Resistance in upper branch, R1 = 100Ω
Resistance in lower branch, R2 = 50Ω,
In the given circuit consider current in upper branch be i1 and current flowing in lower branch be i2.
The net current flowing in circuit will be I.
Impedance of upper branch can be calculated as

√ ( ωC1 )
2
Z1 = √ XC2 + R12 = + R1 2

√ ( 100 × 1001 × 10 )
2
= −6
+ 1002

= √ 1002 + 1002 = 100√2 Ω

Impedance of lower branch can be calculated as
Z2 = √ XL2 + R22
= √ (ωL)2 + R22
= √ (100 × 0.5)2 + 502 = √ 502 + 502
= 50√2 Ω
Current flowing in upper branch,
i1 = V = 200 = √2 A
Z1 100√2
Phase of current in upper branch,
R
cos ϕ1 = 1 = 100 = 1
Z1 100√2 √2
⇒ϕ1 = 45°
Thus, in upper branch, current leads voltage by 45° as capacitor ispresent.
Current flowing in lower branch i2 is
V 200
i2 = = = 2√2 A
Z2 50√2
Phase of current in lower branch is
R 50
cos ϕ2 = 2 =
Z2 50√2
⇒ϕ2 = 45°
Thus, in lower branch current lags voltage by 45° as inductor ispresent.
Thus, the net current, I = √ i12 + i22
I = √ (√2 )2 + (2√2 )2
I = √10 = 3.16A
Thus, no option in the given question is correct.
If I = i1 + i2 is taken then I = √2 + 2√2 = 4.24A is obtained which is incorrect method of solution.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question103
A series L − C − R circuit driven by 300V at a frequency of 50 Hz
contains a resistance R = 3kΩ, an inductor of inductive reactance
XL = 250πΩ and an unknown capacitor. The value of capacitance to
maximise the average power should be (Take, π2 = 10)
[26 Aug 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 4μF

B. 25μF

C. 400μF

D. 40μF

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
The circuit diagram can be drawn as,

Average power of an L-C-R circuit is given by

Pav = Vrmsirms cos ϕ
For Pav to be maximum, cos ϕ = 1 ...(i)
We know that,
cos ϕ = R ,
Z
where, R = resistance
and Z = impedance of L-C-R circuit.
Now,
Z = √ (XL − XC)2 + R2
R
As, cos ϕ = 1 = [using Eq, (i)]
Z
⇒R=Z
⇒R = √ (XL − XC)2 + R2
Squaring both sides, we get
R2 = (XL − XC)2 + R2
⇒(XL − XC)2 = 0
⇒XL = XC
1 1
Since, XC = =
ωC 2πfC
and XL = 250πΩ (given)
1
⇒250π =
2π × 50 × C
⇒C = 1
2
2π × 50 × 250
⇒C = 4 × 10−6F = 4μF

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question104
At very high frequencies, the effective impedance of the given circuit
will be ............Ω.

[31 Aug 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 2

Solution:

Solution:
We know that, at very high frequency capacitive reactance becomes negligible i.e. short circuit
(SC) and inductive reactance becomes very large i.e. open circuit (OC).
i.e. XC → 0 and XL → ∞.
Now, the circuit can be rearranged as shown in figure.

Hence, equivalent resistance,

2×2
Req = 1 + = 2Ω
2+2
Thus, correct answer is 2.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question105

As shown in the figure, a battery of emf ∈ is connected to an

inductor L and resistance R in series. The switch is closed at t = 0.
The total charge that flows from the battery, between t = 0 and
t = tc( t is the time constant of the circuit) is:
[8 Jan. 2020 II]
Options:

A. ∈R2
eI

(
B. ∈L2 1 − 1
R e )
C. ∈L2
R

D. ∈R2
eL

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
For series connection of a resistor and inductor, time variation of current is I = I 0 ( 1 − e )
−t ∕ T c

L
Here, T C =
R
Tc
q = ∫ id t
0

⇒∫ d q = ∫ E ( 1 − e c ) d t
−t ∕ t
R
∈
⇒q = [ t + tCe c ] 0 c
−t ∕ t t

⇒q =
∈
R
[ t
tC + C − tC
e
]
∈L L
⇒q =
R Re
∈L
∴q =
R2e

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question106
A LCR circuit behaves like a damped harmonic oscillator.
Comparing it with a physical spring-mass damped oscillator having
damping constant ' b ', the correct equivalence would be:
[7 Jan. 2020 I]
Options:

A. L ↔ m, C ↔ k, R ↔ b

B. L ↔ 1 , C ↔ 1 , R ↔ 1
b m k

C. L ↔ k, C ↔ b, R ↔ m

D. L ↔ m, C ↔ 1 , R ↔ b
k

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
In damped harmonic oscillation,
md 2x
= −kx − bv
d t2
md 2x
⇒ + b d x + kx = 0 ........(i)
dt 2 dt

−q − iR − Ld i =
In LCR circuit, 0
C dt
2
L d 2 + R d q + q = 0 .......(ii)
dt dt C
Comparing equations (i) & (ii)
1
L ↔ m, C ↔ , R ↔ b
k

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question107
An emf of 20 V is applied at time t = 0 to a circuit containing in
series 10 mH inductor and 5 Ω resistor. The ratio of the currents at
time t = ∞ and at t = 40 s is close to:
(Take e2 = 7.389)
[7 Jan. 2020 II]
Options:

A. 1.06

B. 1.15

C. 1.46

D. 0.84

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
The current (I) in LR series circuit is given by
tR
I = V (1−e L
−
)
R
At t = ∞,
−∞
I∞=
20 ( )
I − e L ∕ R = 4 ......(i)
5
At t = 40s,

( )
1 − e −40 × 5− 3 = 4(1 − e−20, 000) .......(i)
10 × 10
Dividing (i) by (ii) we get
I 1
⇒ ∞ = ,
I 40 1 − e −20, 000

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Question108
A part of a complete circuit is shown in the figure. At some instant,
the value of current I is 1 A and it is decreasing at a rate of 102As–1 .
The value of the potential difference V P − V Q , (in volts) at that
instant, is ______.

[NA Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]

Answer: 33

Solution:

Solution:
Here, L = 50mH = 50 × 10−3H ;I = 1A, R = 2Ω
dl
V P − L − 30 + RI = V Q
dt
−3
⇒V P − V Q = 50 × 10 ×102 + 30 − 1 × 2
= 5 + 30 − 2 = 33V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question109
An AC circuit has R = 100 Ω, C = 2 µF and L = 80 mH, connected in
series. The quality factor of the circuit is :
[Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. 2

B. 0.5

C. 20

D. 400

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
Quality factor,

Q=
1
R √ L = 1
C 100 √
80 × 10−3
2 × 10−
6

= 1 √ 40 × 103 = 200 = 2
100 100

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Question110
In a series LR circuit, power of 400 W is dissipated from a source of
250 V, 50 Hz. The power factor of the circuit is 0.8. In order to bring
the power factor to unity, a capacitor of value C is added in series to
the L and R. Taking the value C as ( ) µF , then value of n is
n
3π
______.
[NA Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]

Answer: 400

Solution:

Solution:
Given: Power P = 400W , Voltage V = 250V
P = V m . I rms . cos ϕ
⇒400 = 250 × I rms × 0.8⇒I rms = 2A
Using P = I rms2R
(I rms)2 . R = P ⇒ 4 × R = 400
⇒R = 100Ω
Power factor is
R
cos ϕ =
√ R2 + X L2
( )
100 2
⇒0.8 = ⇒ 1002 + X L2 = 100
0.8
√ 1002 + X L2
√ ( )
2
⇒X L = −1002 + 100 ⇒X L = 75Ω
0.8
When power factor is unity,
X C = X L = 75 ⇒ 1 = 75
ωC
⇒C = 1 = 1 F
75 × 2π × 50 7500π
= (
2500 3π
)
106 × 1 µF = 400 µF
3π
N = 400

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question111
A series L − R circuit is connected to a battery of emf V . If the
circuit is switched on at t = 0, then the time at which the energy
stored in the inductor reaches ( ) times of its maximum value, is:
1
n

[Sep. 04, 2020 (II)]

Options:

A. L ln
R ( √n
√n − 1 )
L
B. R (
ln √n +
1
√n − 1 )
L
C. R ln ( √n
√n + 1 )
L
D. R (
ln √n −
1
√n )
Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Potential energy stored in the inductor
U = 1 LI 2
2
During growth of current,
i = I max(1 − e−Rt ∕ L)
U I
For U to be max ; i has to be max
n √n
I −Rt ∕ L
∴ max = I max(1 − e )
√n
√ −1
⇒e−Rt ∕ L = 1 − 1 = n
√n √n
⇒− Rt = ln
L ( √n√n− 1 )
⇒t = L ln (
√n − 1 )
√n
R

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question112
A 750 Hz, 20 V (rms) source is connected to a resistance of 100 Ω, an
inductance of 0.1803 H and a capacitance of 10 µF all in series. The
time in which the resistance (heat capacity 2 J/°C) will get heated by
10°C. (assume no loss of heat to the surroundings) is close to :
[Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. 418 s

B. 245 s

C. 365 s

D. 348 s

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Here, R = 100, X L = Lω = 0.1803 ×750 × 2π = 850Ω ,
X C = 1 = −5 1 = 21.23Ω
Cω 10 × 2π × 750
Impedance Z = √ R2 + (X L − X C)2
= √ 1002 + (850 − 21.23)2 = 834.77 ≃ 835
 ( ) RT
2
V rms
H = irms2Rt = = (ms)Δt
|Z |
20 20
⇒ × × 100t = (2) × 10
835 835
∵V rms = 20V and Δt = 10°C
∴ Time, t = 348.61s.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question113
An inductance coil has a reactance of 100Ω. When an AC signal of
frequency 1000H z is applied to the coil, the applied voltage leads the
current by 45°. The self-inductance of the coil is :
[Sep. 02, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. 1.1 × 10−2H

B. 1.1 × 10−1H

C. 5.5 × 10−5H

D. 6.7 × 10−7H

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given,
Reactance of inductance coil, Z = 100Ω
Frequency of AC signal, v = 1000H z
Phase angle, ϕ = 45°
X
tan ϕ = L = tan 45° = 1
R
⇒X L = R
Reactance, Z = 100 = √ X L2 + R2
⇒100 = √ R2 + R2
⇒√2 R = 100 ⇒ R = 50√2
∴X L = 50√2
⇒Lω = 50√2 (∵X L = ωL)
50√2
⇒L = (∵ω = 2πv)
2π × 1000
 25√2
= mH
π
= 1.1 × 10−2H

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question114
TOPIC 3 - Transformers and LCOscillations
For the given input voltage waveform V in (t), the output voltage
waveform V 0(t), across the capacitor is correctly depicted by:

[Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]

Options:

A.

B.
C.

D.

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
When first pulse is applied, the potential across capacitor
1
(
V 0(t) = V in 1 − e RC )
At t = 5µs = 5 × 10−6s

5 × 10−6
( 3
V 0(t) = 5 1 − e 10 × 10 × 10)−9 −0.5
= 5(1 − e ) = 2V
When no pulse is applied, capacitor will discharge.
Now, V in = 0 means discharging.
1
V 0(t) = 2e RC = 2e−0.5 = 1.21V
Now for next 5µs
1
V 0(t) = 5 − 3.79e RC
After 5µ s again, V 0(t) = 2.79 Volt ≈3V
Hence, graph (a) correctly depicts.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question115
In the figure shown, a circuit contains two identical resistors with
resistance R = 5 Ω and an inductance with L = 2 mH. An ideal
battery of 15 V is connected in the circuit. What will be the current
through the battery long after the switch is closed?

[12 Jan. 2019 I]

Options:

A. 5.5 A

B. 7.5 A

C. 3 A

D. 6 A

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Long time after switch is closed, the inductor will be idle so, the equivalent diagram will be as below

ε
I = = 2ε = 2 × 15 = 6A
( R×R
R+R ) R 5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question116

In the above circuit, C = √23 µF , R2 = 20Ω, L = √103 H andR1 = 10Ω.

Current in L − R1 path is I 1 and in C − R2 path it isI 2. The voltage of
A. C source is given by, V = 200√2 sin(100 t) volts. The phase
difference between I 1 and I 2 is :
[12 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 60°

B. 30°

C. 90°

D. 0

E. (Bonus)

Answer: E

Solution:
Solution:
Capacitive reactance,
4
4 2
X c = 1 = −6 = × 10
ωC 10 × √3 × 100 √3

X C 103
tan θ1 = =
R2 √3
θ1 is close to 90°
For L-R circuit
√
X L = ωL = 100 × 3 = 10√3
10
R1 = 10
X
tan θ2 = L
R1
tan θ2 = √3 ⇒ θ2 = tan−1(√3 )
θ2 = 60°
So, phase difference comes out 90° + 60° = 150°
If R2 is 20K Ω
then phase difference comes out to be 60 + 30 = 90°.
Therefore Ans. is Bonus

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question117
In the circuit shown,

the switch S1 is closed at time t = 0 and the switch S2 is kept open. At

some later time (t0), the switch S1 is opened and S2 is closed. the
behaviour of the current I as a function of time 't' is given by:
[11 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A.

B.
C.

D.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:

The current will grow for the time t = 0 to t = t0 and after that decay of current takes place.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question118
A series AC circuit containing an inductor (20mH ), a capacitor
(120µF ) and a resistor (60Ω) is driven by an AC source of
24V ∕ 50H z. The energy dissipated in the circuit in 60 s is:
[9 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. 5.65 × 102J

B. 2.26 × 103J

C. 5.17 × 102J

D. 3.39 × 103J

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Given: R = 60Ω, f = 50H z, ω = 2πf = 100π and v = 24v
C = 120µf = 120 × 10−6f
1 1
xC = = = 26.52Ω
ωC 100π × 120 × 10−6
xL = ωL = 100π × 20 × 10−3 = 2πΩ
xC − xL = 20.24 ≈ 20

2
z= √R + (xC − xL)2
z = 20√10 Ω
cos ϕ = R = 60 = 3
z 20√10 √10
v v2
Pavg = V I cos ϕ, I = = cos ϕ = 8.64 watt
z z
Energy dissipated (Q) in time t = 60s is Q = P . t = 8.64 × 60 = 5.17 × 102J

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question119
In LC circuit the inductance L = 40 mH and capacitance C
= 100µF . If a voltage V (t) = 10 sin(314t) is applied to the circuit, the
current in the circuit is given as:
[9 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 0.52 cos 314 t

B. 10 cos 314 t

C. 5.2 cos 314 t

D. 0.52 sin 314 t

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given, Inductance, L = 40mH
Capacitance, C = 100µF
Impedance, Z = X C − X L

ωC (
⇒Z = 1 − ωL ∵X c = 1 and X L = ωL )
ωC
= 1 −314 × 40 × 10−3
−6
314 × 100 × 10
= 19.28Ω
V
Current, i = 0 sin(ωt + π ∕ 2)
Z
⇒i = 10 cos ω t = 0.52 cos(314t)
19.28

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question120
A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 Vto a step
down transformer with its primary windings having 4000 turns. The
output power is delivered at 230 V by the transformer. If the current
in the primary of the transformer is 5A and its efficiency is 90%, the
output current would be:
[9 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:
A. 50 A

B. 45 A

C. 35 A

D. 25 A

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Pout V sI s
Efficiency, η = =
Pin V pI p
230 × I s
⇒0.9 =
2300 × 5
⇒I s = 0.9 × 50 = 45A
Output current = 45A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question121
An alternating voltage v(t) = 220 sin 100Ât volt is applied to a purely
resistive load of 50Ω. The time taken for the current to rise from
half of the peak value to the peak value is :
[8 April 2019 I]
Options:

A. 5 ms

B. 2.2 ms

C. 7.2 ms

D. 3.3 ms

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
As V (t) = 220 sin 100 π t
220 sin 100 π t
so, I (t) =
50
i.e., I = I m = sin(100πt)
For I = I m
t1 = π × 1 = 1 sec.
2 100π 200
I
and for I = m
2
Im
⇒ = I m sin(100πt2) ⇒ π = 100πt2
2 6
⇒t2 = 1 s
600
∴treq = 1 − 1 = 2 = 1 s = 3.3ms
200 600 600 300

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question122
Consider the LR circuit shown in the figure. If the switch S is closed
at t = 0 then the amount of charge that passes through the battery
between t = 0 and t = RL is :

[12 April 2019 II]

Options:

A. 2.7E2 L
R

B. E L 2
2.7R

C. 7.3E2 L
R

D. E L 2
7.3R

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
−t ∕ c ε (1 − e−t ∕ c)
We have, i = i0(1 − e )=
R
τ
Charge, q = ∫ id t
0
τ
= ε ∫ (1 − e−t ∕ τ)d t = E τ = E × (L ∕ R) = E L 2
R0 Re R e 2.7R

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question123
A coil of self inductance 10 mH and resistance 0.1 Ω is connected
through a switch to a battery of internal resistance 0.9 Ω. After the
switch is closed, the time taken for the current to attain 80% of the
saturation value is[take ln 5 = 1.6]
[10 April 2019 II]
Options:

A. 0.324 s

B. 0.103 s

C. 0.002 s

D. 0.016 s

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Rt
I = I ( 1 − e L ) Here R = R
−
0 L+r = 1Ω
t
(
0.8I = I 1 − e
0 0
01 ) −

⇒0.8 = 1 − e−100t
⇒e
−100t
= 0.2 = ( 15 )
⇒100t = ln 5 ⇒t = 1 ln 5 = 0.016s
100

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Question124
A 20 Henry inductor coil is connected to a 10 ohm resistance in
series as shown in figure. The time at which rate of dissipation of
energy (Joule’s heat) across resistance is equal to the rate at which
magnetic energy is stored in the inductor, is :
[8 April 2019 I]
Options:

A. 2
ln 2

B. 1 ln 2
2

C. 2 ln 2

D. ln 2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:

( )
i2R = τ d i i
dt
⇒ =d i i
dt τ

[
⇒ t = τ ln 2 = 2 ln 2 as τ = L = 20 = 2
R 10 ]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question125
A circuit connected to an ac source of emf e = e0 sin(100t) with t in
seconds, gives a phase difference of π4 between the emf e and current
i. Which of the following circuits will exhibit this?
[8 April 2019 II]
Options:

A. RL circuit with R = 1 kΩ and L = 10 µH

B. RL circuit with R = 1 kΩ and L = 1 µH

C. RC circuit with R = 1 kΩ and C = 1 µF

D. RC circuit with R = 1 kΩ and C = 10 µF.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
ω = 100 rad ∕ s
We know that
X
tan π = C = 1
R ωCR
1
or tan 45° =
ωCR
or ωCR = 1
LHS : ωCR = 10 × 10 ×10−6 × 103 = 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question126
A transformer consisting of 300 turns in the primary and 150 turns
in the secondary gives output power of 2.2kW. If the current in the
secondary coil is 10 A, then the input voltage and current in the
primary coil are :
[10 April 2019 I]
Options:

A. 220 V and 20 A

B. 440 V and 20 A

C. 440 V and 5 A

D. 220 V and 10 A

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Power output (V 2I 2) = 2.2kW
∴V 2 = 2.2kW = 220 volts
(10A)
∴ Input voltage for step-down transformer
V1 N1
= =2
V2 N2
V input = 2 × V output = 2 × 220
= 440V
I N
Also 1 = 2
I2 N1
∴quad I 1 = 1 × 10 = 5A
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question127
In an a.c. circuit, the instantaneous e.m.f. and current are given by
e = 100 sin 30 t

(
i = 20 sin 30t − π4 )
In one cycle of a.c., the average power consumed by the circuit and
the wattless current are, respectively:
[2018]
Options:

A. 50W , 10A

B. 1000 W , 10A
√2

C. 50 W , 0
√2

D. 50W , 0

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
As we know, average power Pavg = V rmsI rms cos θ

= ( V√2 ) ( √I 2 ) cos θ = ( 100

0 0
√2 ) ( √2 )
20 cos 45°(∵θ =
45°)

Pavg = 1000 watt

√2
Wattless current I = I rms sin θ
I
= 0 sin θ = 20 sin 45° = 10A
√2 √2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question128
For an RLC circuit driven with voltage of amplitude vm and
1
frequency ω0 = √LC the current exhibits resonance. The quality
factor, Q is given by:
[2018]
Options:

ωL
A. R0

ωR
B. L0

C. R
(ω0C)

D. CR
ω0

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
ω0 ωL
Quality factor Q = = 0
2Δω R

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question129
A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 V to a step
down transformer with its primary windings having 4000 turns,
giving the output power at 230 V. If the current in the primary of the
transformer is 5 A, and its efficiency is 90%, the output current
would be:
[Online April 16, 2018]
Options:

A. 20 A
B. 40 A

C. 45 A

D. 25 A

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Given : V P = 2300V , V s = 230V , I p = 5A, n = 90% = 0.9
P
Efficiency n = 0.9 = s ⇒ Ps = 0.9Pp
PP
V sI s = 0.9 × V PI P (∵P = V I )
I s = 0.9 × 2300 × 5 = 45A
230

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question130
A small circular loop of wire of radius a is located at the centre of a
much larger circular wire loop of radius b. The two loops are in the
same plane. The outer loop of radius b carries an alternating current
I = I 0 cos(ωt). The emf induced in the smaller inner loop is nearly:
[Online April 8, 2017]
Options:

πµ0I 0 a2
A. . ω sin(ωt)
2 b

πµ0I 0 a2
B. 2
. b ω cos(ωt)

a2
C. πµ0I 0 ω sin(ωt)
b

πµ0I 0b2
D. a
ω cos(ωt)

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
For two concentric circular coil,
µ0πN 1N 2a2
Mutual Inductance M =
2b
here, N 1 = N 2 = 1
µ0πa2
Hence, M = ..... (i)
2b
and given I = I 0 cos ω t ..... (ii)
Now according to Faraday's second law induced emf
dI
e = −M
dt
From eq. (ii),

−µ0πa2 d
e= (I cos ω t)
2b d t 0
µ πa2
e = 0 I 0 sin ω t(ω)
2b
πµ I a2
e = 0 0 . ω sin ω t
2 b

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question131
A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283V and angular frequency
320 ∕ s is applied to a series LCR circuit. Given that
R = 5Ω, L = 25mH and C = 1000µF . The total impedance, and
phase difference between the voltage across the source and the
current will respectively be :
[Online April 9, 2017]
Options:

A. 10Ω and tan−1 5 ( )

3

B. 7Ω and 45°
C. 10Ω and tan−1 8 ( ) 3

D. 7Ω and tan−1 5 ( )
3

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
Given,
V 0 = 283 volt, ω = 320, R = 5Ω, L = 25mH , C = 1000µF
xL = ωL = 320 × 25 × 10−3 = 8Ω
xC = 1 = 1 = 3.1Ω
ωC 320 × 1000 × 10−6
Total impedance of the circuit:
Z = √ R2 + (X L − X C)2 = √ 25 + (4.9)2 = 7Ω
Phase difference between the voltage and current
X −XC
tan ϕ = L
R
tan ϕ = 4.9 ≈ 1 ⇒ ϕ = 45°
5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question132
An arc lamp requires a direct current of 10 A at 80 V to function. If
it is connected to a 220 V (rms), 50 Hz AC supply, the series inductor
needed for it to work is close to :
[2016]
Options:

A. 0.044 H

B. 0.065 H

C. 80 H

D. 0.08 H

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
Here
e e e
i= = =
√R 2
+XL 2
√R
2
+ω L2 2
√R
2
+ 4π2v2L2
220
10 =
√ 64 + 4π2(50)2L
[ ∵R = VI = 8010 = 8 ]
On solving we get
L = 0.065H

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question133
A series LR circuit is connected to a voltage source with
V (t) = V 0 sin ω t. After very large time, current l (t) behaves as

(t > > ) :
0
L
R
[Online April 9, 2016]
Options:

A.

B.
C.

D.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question134
An inductor (L = 0.03H ) and a resistor (R = 0.15kΩ) are connected
in series to a battery of 15V emf in a circuit shown below. The key
K 1 has been kept closed for a long time. Then at t = 0, K 1 is opened
and key K 2 is closed simultaneously. At t = 1ms, the current in the
circuit will be: (e5 ≅ 150)

[2015]
Options:

A. 6.7 mA

B. 0.67 mA

C. 100 mA

D. 67 mA

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
I (0) = 15 × 1003 = 0.1A
0.15 × 10
I (∞) = 0
−t
I (t) = [I (0) − I (∞)]e ∕ R + i(∞)
L
−t R
I (t) = 0.1e L ∕ R = 0.1e L
0.15 × 1000
I (t) = 0.1e 0.03 = 0.67mA

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question135
An LCR circuit is equivalent to a damped pendulum. In an LCR
circuit the capacitor is charged to Q0 and then connected to the L
and R as shown below :

If a student plots graphs of the square of maximum charge (QMax2)

on the capacitor with time(t) for two different values L1 and
L2(L1 > L2) of L then which of the following represents this graph
correctly? (plots are schematic and not drawn to scale)
[2015]
Options:

A.

B.

C.
D.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
From KVL at any time t

q di
− iR − L = 0
c dt
d q ⇒ q + d q R + Ld 2q =
i=− 0
dt c dt d t2
d 2q R d q q
+ + =0
d t2 L d t Lc
From damped harmonic oscillator, the amplitude is given
dt
by A = Aoe −
2m
Double differential equation
d 2x + b d x + k x =
0
d t2 m d t m
 Rt − −
Rt
2 2
Qmax = Qoe 2L ⇒Qmax = Qo e L
Hence damping will be faster for lesser self inductance.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question136
For the LCR circuit, shown here, the current is observed to lead the
applied voltage. An additional capacitor C’, when joined with the
capacitor C present in the circuit, makes the power factor of the
circuit unity. The capacitor C’, must have been connected in :

[Online April 11, 2015]

Options:

C
A. series with C and has a magnitude 2
(ω LC − 1)

2
B. series with C and has a magnitude 1 − ω2 LC
ωL

1 − ω2LC
C. parallel with C and has a magnitude
ω2 L

C
D. parallel with C and has a magnitude 2
(ω LC − 1)

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Power factor
R
cos ϕ = =1
√ [ ]
2
2
R + ωL − 1
ω(C + C′)
On solving we get,
ωL = 1
ω(C + C′)
2
1 LC
C′ = − ω2
ωL
Hence option (c) is the correct answer.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question137
In the circuits (a) and (b) switches S1 and S2 are closed at t = 0 and
are kept closed for a long time. The variation of current in the two
circuits for t geq 0 are roughly shown by figure (figures are
schematic and not drawn to scale):

[Online April 10, 2015]

Options:

A.

B.
C.

D.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
For capacitor circuit, i = i0e−t ∕ RC
Rt
For inductor circuit, i = i ( 1 − e L )
−
0
Hence graph (c) correctly depicts i versus t graph.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question138
A sinusoidal voltage V(t) = 100 sin (500t) is applied across a pure
inductance of L = 0.02 H. The current through the coil is:
[Online April 12, 2014]
Options:

A. 10 cos (500 t)

B. – 10 cos (500t)

C. 10 sin (500t)

D. – 10 sin (500t)
Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
π
In a pure inductive circuit current always lags behind the emf by .
2

If v(t) = v0 sin ω t

(
then I = I 0 sin ωt − π
2 )
Now, given v(t) = 100 sin(500t)
E 100
and I 0 = 0 = [∵L = 0.02H ]
ωL 500 × 0.02

(
I 0 = 10 sin 500t − π
2 )
I 0 = −10 cos(500t)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question139
In the circuit shown here, the point ‘C’ is kept connected to point ‘A’
till the current flowing through the circuit becomes constant.
Afterward, suddenly, point ‘C’ is disconnected from point ‘A’ and
connected to point ‘B’ at time t = 0. Ratio of the voltage across
resistance and the inductor at t = L/R will be equal to:

[2014]
Options:

A. e
1−e

B. 1

C. -1
D. 1 − e
e

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Applying Kirchhoff's law of voltage in closed loop
V
−V R − V C = 0 ⇒ R = −1
VC

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question140
When the rms voltages V L, V C and V R are measured respectively
across the inductor L, the capacitor C and the resistor R in a series
LCR circuit connected to an AC source,it is found that the ratio
V L : V C : V R = 1 : 2 : 3. If the rms voltage of the AC sources is
100V , the V R is close to:
[Online April 9, 2014]
Options:

A. 50 V

B. 70 V

C. 90 V

D. 100 V

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Given, V L : V C : V R = 1 : 2 : 3
V = 100V
VR=?
As we know,
V = √ V R2 + (V L − V C)2
Solving we get, V R ≃ 90V

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Question141
In an LCR circuit as shown below both switches are open initially.
Now switch S1 is closed, S2 kept open. ( q is charge on the capacitor
and τ = RC is Capacitive time constant). Which of the following
statement is correct?

[2013]
Options:

A. Work done by the battery is half of the energy dissipated in the resistor

B. At, t = τ, q = CV ∕ 2

C. At, t = 2τ, q = CV (1 − e−2)

D. At, t = 2τ, q = CV (1 − e−1)

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Charge on he capacitor at any time t is given by
q = CV (1 − et ∕ τ)
at t = 2τ
2
q = CV (1 − e− )

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Question142
A series LR circuit is connected to an ac source of frequency ω and
the inductive reactance is equal to 2R. A capacitance of capacitive
reactance equal to R is added in series with L and R. The ratio of the
new power factor to the old one is:
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:

A. √ 2
3

B. √ 2
5

C. √ 3
2

D. √ 5
2

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
R R
Power factor(old) = = = R
√ R + X L √ R + (2R) √5 R
2 2 2 2

R R
Power factor (new = = = R
√ R + (X L − X C) √ R + (2R − R) √2 R
2 2 2 2

Old power factor

√ R
∴ New power factor = 2 =
R
5
2 √
√5 R

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question143
When resonance is produced in a series LCR circuit, then which of
the following is not correct ?
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:

A. Current in the circuit is in phase with the applied voltage.

B. Inductive and capacitive reactances are equal.

C. If R is reduced, the voltage across capacitor will increase.

D. Impedance of the circuit is maximum.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Impedance (Z ) of the series LCR circuit is
Z = √ R2 + (X L − X C)2
At resonance, X L = X C
Therefore, Z minimum = R

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Question144
The plot given below is of the average power delivered to an LRC
circuit versus frequency. The quality factor of the circuit is :
[Online April 23, 2013]
Options:

A. 5.0

B. 2.0

C. 2.5

D. 0.4

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:

ω0 5
Quality factor of the circuit = = = 2.0
ω2 − ω1 2.5

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Question145
In a series L − C -R circuit, C = 10−11 Farad, L = 10−5 Henry and
R = 100Ohm, when a constant D.C. voltage E is applied to the
circuit, the capacitor acquires a charge 10−9C. The D. C. source is
replaced by a sinusoidal voltage source in which the peak voltage E 0
is equal to the constant D.C. voltage E . At resonance the peak value
of the charge acquired by the capacitor will be :
[Online April 22, 2013]
Options:

A. 10−15C

B. 10−6C

C. 10−10C

D. 10−8C

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:

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Question146
An LCR circuit as shown in the figure is connected to a voltage
source V ac whose frequency can be varied.
The frequency, at which the voltage across the resistor is maximum,
is :
[Online April 22, 2013]
Options:

A. 902 Hz

B. 143 Hz

C. 23 Hz

D. 345 Hz

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
1 1
Frequency f = =
2π√LC 2 × 3.4 √ 24 × 2 × 10−6
≃23H z

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Question147
In the circuit shown here, the voltage across E and C are
respectively 300 V and 400 V. The voltage E of the ac source is :
[Online April 9, 2013]
Options:

A. 400 Volt

B. 500 Volt

C. 100 Volt

D. 700 Volt

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Voltage E of the ac source E = V c − V L = 400V − 300V = 100V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question148
A resistance R and a capacitance C are connected in series to a
battery of negligible internal resistance through a key. The key is
closed at t = 0. If after t sec the voltage across the capacitance was
seven times the voltage across R, the value of t is
[Online May 12, 2012]
Options:

A. 3 RC ln 2

B. 2 RC ln 2
C. 2 RC ln 7

D. 3 RC ln 7

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
t = 3RC ln 2

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Question149
In an LCR circuit shown in the following figure, what will be the
readings of the voltmeter across the resistor and ammeter if an a.c.
source of 220V and 100 Hz is connected to it as shown?

[Online May 7, 2012]

Options:

A. 800 V, 8 A

B. 110 V, 1.1 A

C. 300 V, 3 A

D. 220V, 2.2 A

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
In case of series RLC circuit,
Equation of voltage is given by
V 2 = V R2 + (V L − V C)2
Here, V = 220V ; V L = V C = 300V
∴V R = √ V 2 = 220V
V = 220 =
Current i = 2.2A
R 100

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Question150
A fully charged capacitor C with initial charge q0 is connected to a
coil of self inductance L at t = 0. The time at which the energy is
stored equally between the electric and the magnetic fields is:
[2011]
Options:

A. π √LC
4

B. 2π√LC

C. √LC

D. π√LC

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
1 2
Energystored in magnetic field = Li
2
1 q2
Energy stored in electric field =
2C
Energy will be equal when
1 1 q2
∴ Li2 =
2 2C
tan ω t = 1
q = q0 cos ω t
1 2 (q0 cos ω t)2
⇒ L(ωq0 sin ω t) =
2 2C
⇒ω = 1 ⇒ ωt = π
√LC 4
⇒t = π √LC
4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question151
A resistor ' R ' and 2µF capacitor in series is connected through a
switch to 200V direct supply. Across the capacitor is a neon bulb
that lights up at 120V . Calculate the value of R to make the bulb
light up 5 s after the switch has been closed. (log102.5 = 0.4)
[2011]
Options:

A. 1.7 × 105Ω

B. 2.7 × 106Ω

C. 3.3 × 107Ω

D. 1.3 × 104Ω

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
We have, V = V 0(1 − e−t ∕ RC)
⇒120 = 200(1 − e−t ∕ RC)
−t ∕ 200 − 120 80
e r= =
200 200
t = loge(2.5)
⇒t = RC in (2.5) [∵r = RC]
⇒R = 2.71 × 106Ω

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question152
Combination of two identical capacitors, a resistor R and a dc
voltage source of voltage 6V is used in an experiment on a (C-R)
circuit. It is found that for a parallel combination of the capacitor
the time in which the voltage of the fully charged combination
reduces to half its original voltage is 10 second. For series
combination the time for needed for reducing the voltage of the fully
charged series combination by half is
[2011 RS]
Options:

A. 10 second

B. 5 second

C. 2.5 second

D. 20 second

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Time constant for parallel combination = 2RC
RC
Time constant for series combination =
2
In first case :
t t
V =V0 1−e ( −
CR )⇒
V0
= V 0 − V 0e
−
CR
2
t
− 1 V
V = V 0e 2RC = 0 .......(1)
2
In second case :
C
In series grouping, equivalent capacitance =
2
t2
− V
V = V 0e (RC ∕ 2) = 0 .......(2)
2
From (1) and (2)
t1 t2
=
2RC (RC ∕ 2)
t
⇒t2 = 1 = 10 = 2.5 sec
4 4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question153
In the circuit shown below, the key K is closed at t = 0. The current
through the battery is

[2010]
Options:

V R1R2
A. at t = 0 and V at t = ∞
R2
√ R1 2
+ R2 2

V (R + R )
B. V at t = 0 and R1R 2 at t = ∞
R2 1 2

V R1R2
C. RV at t = 0 and at t = ∞
2
2 2
√ R1 + R2

V (R1 + R2)
D. at t = 0 and V at t = ∞
R1R2 R2

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
At t = 0, no current will flow through L and R1 as inductor will offer infinite resistance.
∴ Current through battery, i = V
R2
At t = ∞, inductor behave as conducting wire
RR
Effective resistance, Ref f = 1 2
R1 + R2
V = V (R1 + R2)
∴ Current through battery =
Reff R1R2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question154
In a series LCR circuit R = 200Ω and the voltage and the frequency
of the main supply is 220V and 50 Hz respectively. On taking out the
capacitance from the circuit the current lags behind the voltage by
30°. On taking out the inductor from the circuit the current leads
the voltage by 30°. The power dissipated in the LCR circuit is
[2010]
Options:

A. 305 W

B. 210 W

C. Zero W

D. 242 W

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
When only the capacitance is removed phase difference between current and voltage is
tan phi = frac X L R⇒tan ϕ = ωL
R
⇒ωL = R tan ϕ = 200 × 1 = 200
√3 √3
When only inductor is removed, phase difference between current and voltage is
∴tan ϕ = 1
ωCR
⇒ 1 = R tan ϕ = 200 × 1 = 200
ωC √3 √3
Impedance of the circuit

√ ( )
2
Z = R2 + 1 − ωL
ωC

√ ( )
2
= (200)2 + 200 − 200 = 200Ω
√3 √3
Power dissipated in the circuit = V rmsI rms cos ϕ
V V rms2R
Z Z (
= V rms . rms . R ∵cos ϕ = R
Z ) =
Z2
2
200 220 × 220
= (220) × 2 = = 242W
(200) 200

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question155
An inductor of inductance L = 400mH and resistors of resistance
R1 = 2Ω and R2 = 2Ω are connected to a battery of emf 12V as
shown in the figure. The internal resistance of the battery is
negligible. The switch S is closed at t = 0. The potential drop across
L as a function of time is
[2009]
Options:

A. 12 e−3tV
t

B. 6(1 − e−t ∕ 0.2)V

C. 12e−5tV

D. 6e−5tV

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Growth in current in branch containing L and R2 when switch is closed is given by i = E [ 1 − e 2 ]
−R t ∕ L
R2
Rt
R − 2
⇒d i = E . 2 . e 2 =Ee L
−R t ∕ L
d t R2 L L
Hence, potential drop across L

dt L (
V L = Ld i = E e 2
−R t ∕ L
L )
t −
2t
−R2 −3
= E e L = 12e 400 × 10 = 12e−5tV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question156
In an a.c. circuit the voltage applied is E = E 0 sin ω t. The resulting

(
current in the circuit is I = I 0 sin ωt − π2 . The power consumption )
in the circuit is given by
[2007]
Options:

A. P = √2 E 0I 0

E 0I 0
B. P =
√2

C. P = zero
E I0
D. P = 20

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
We know that power consumed in a.c. circuit is given by,
P = E rmsI rms cos ϕ
Here, E = E 0 sin ω t

(
I = I 0 sin ωt − π
2 )
π
This means the phase difference, is ϕ =
2
π
∵cos ϕ = cos =2
2
∴P = E rms . I rms . cos π = 0
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question157
In a series resonant LCR circuit, the voltage across R is 100 volts
and R = 1kΩ with C = 2µF . The resonant frequency omega is
200 rad ∕ s. At resonance the voltage across L is
[2006]
Options:

A. 2.5 × 10−2V

B. 40V

C. 250V

D. 4 × 10−3V

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
V 100
Across resistor, I = = = 0.1A
R 1000
1 1
At resonance, X L = X C = = = 2500
ωC 200 × 2 × 10− 6
Voltage across L is I X L = 0.1 × 2500 = 250V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question158
An inductor (L = 100 mH), a resistor (R = 100 Ω) and a battery (E =
100 V) are initially connected in series as shown in the figure. After a
long time the battery is disconnected after short circuiting the points
A and B. The current in the circuit 1 ms after the short circuit is

[2006]
Options:
A. 1/eA

B. eA

C. 0.1 A

D. 1 A

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Initially, when steady state is achieved,
i=E
R
Let E is short circuited at t = 0. Then
At t = 0
E 100 =
Maximum current, i0 = = 1A
R 100
di
Let during decay of current at any time the current flowing is −L − iR = 0
dt
di R
⇒ =− dt
i L
i i
⇒ ∫ d i = ∫ − Rd t
i0 i i0 L

⇒loge i = − R t
i0 L
R
− t
⇒i = i e L
0
−3
R −100 × 10
E Lt −
−3 1
⇒i = e = 1 × e 100 × 10 =
R e

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question159
In an AC generator, a coil with N turns, all of the same area A and
total resistance R, rotates with frequency ω in a magnetic field B.
The maximum value of emf generated in the coil is
[2006]
Options:

A. N.A.B.R.ω

B. N.A.B
C. N.A.B.R.

D. N.A.B.ω

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
( → →)
e = −d ϕ = −d N B . A
dt dt
= −N d (BA cos ω t) = N BAω sin ω t
dt
⇒emax = N BAω

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question160
The phase difference between the alternating current and emf is π2 .
Which of the following cannot be the constituent of the circuit?
[2005]
Options:

A. R, L

B. C alone

C. L alone

D. L, C

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Phase difference for R–L circuit lies between 0, ( π2 ) but 0 or π ∕ 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question161
A circuit has a resistance of 12 ohm and an impedance of 15 ohm.
The power factor of the circuit will be
[2005]
Options:

A. 0.4

B. 0.8

C. 0.125

D. 1.25

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Given, Resistance of circuit, R = 12Ω
Imedance of circuit, Z = 15Ω
R 12 = 4 =
Power factor = cos ϕ = = 0.8
Z 15 5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question162
A coil of inductance 300 mH and resistance 2 Ω is connected to a
source of voltage 2V. The current reaches half of its steady state
value in
[2005]
Options:

A. 0.1 s

B. 0.05 s

C. 0.3 s

D. 0.15 s

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
Current in inductor circuit is given by,
Rt
i=i 1−e L
0
(−
)
Rt Rt
i0 (
−
)
−
= i0 1 − e L ⇒e L = 1
2 2
Taking log on both the sides,
Rt
− = log 1 − log 2
L
3
L 300 × 10−
⇒t = log 2 = × 0.69
R 2
⇒t = 0.1 sec

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question163
The self inductance of the motor of an electric fan is 10 H.
In order to impart maximum power at 50 Hz, it should be connected
to a capacitance of
[2005]
Options:

A. 8µF

B. 4µF

C. 2µF

D. 1µF

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
For maximum power, X L = X C, which yields

C= 1 = 2 1
2
(2πn) L 4π × 50 × 50 × 10
∴C = 0.1 × 10−5F = 1µF

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question164
In a uniform magnetic field of induction B a wire in the form of a
semicircle of radius r rotates about the diameter of the circle with an
angular frequency ω. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the
field. If the total resistance of the circuit is R, the mean power
generated per period of rotation is
[2004]
Options:
2
A. (Bπrω)
2R

2 2
B. (Bπr
8R
ω)

Bπr2ω
C. 2R

2 2
D. (Bπrω
8R
)

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
→ →
ϕ = B . A ; ϕ = BA cos ω t
d ϕ = ωBA sin ω t; = ωBA sin ω t
ε=− i
dt R

( )
2
Pinst = i2R = ωBA × Rsin2ωt
R
T T
2
∫ Pinst × d t 2 ∫ sin ωtd t 2
Pavg = 0
= (ωBA) 0
= 1 (ωBA)
T R T 2 R
∫ dt ∫ dt
0 0

[ ]
2 2
πr2
∴Pavg = (ωBπr ) A=
8R 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question165
Alternating current can not be measured by D.C. ammeter because
[2004]
Options:
A. Average value of current for complete cycle is zero

B. A.C. Changes direction

C. A.C. can not pass through D.C. Ammeter

D. D.C. Ammeter will get damaged.

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
D.C. ammeter measure average value of current. In AC current, average value of current in
complete cycle is zero.
Hence reading will be zero.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question166
In an LCR series a.c. circuit, the voltage across each of the
components, L, C and R is 50V. The voltage across the LC
combination will be
[2004]
Options:

A. 100 V

B. 50√2 V

C. 50 V

D. 0 V (zero)

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
In a series LCR circuit voltage across the inductor and capacitor are in opposite phase
∴ Net voltage difference across
LC = 50 – 50 = 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question167
In a LCR circuit capacitance is changed from C to 2 C. For the
resonant frequency to remain unchanged, the inductance should be
changed from L to
[2004]
Options:

A. L/2

B. 2 L

C. 4 L

D. L/4

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Resonant frequency, F r = 1
2π√LC
For resonant frequency to remain same
LC = constant
∴LC = L′C′
⇒LC = L′ × 2C
⇒L′ = L
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question168
In an oscillating LC circuit the maximum charge on the capacitor is
Q. The charge on the capacitor when the energy is stored equally
between the electric and magnetic field is
[2003]
Options:

A. Q
2

B. Q
√3
C. Q
√2

D. Q

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
When the capacitor is completely charged, the total energy in the LC circuit is with the capacitor
and that energy is given by
1 Q2
U max =
2C
When half energy is with the capacitor in the form of electric field between the plates of the
capacitor we get
U max 1 q′2
=
2 2C
Here q′ is the charge on the plate of capacitor when energy is shared equally.
2
q′2
∴1 × 1Q = 1 ⇒q′ = Q
2 2C 2C √2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question169
The core of any transformer is laminated so as to
[2003]
Options:

A. reduce the energy loss due to eddy currents

B. make it light weight

C. make it robust and strong

D. increase the secondary voltage

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Laminated core provide less area of cross-section for the current to flow. Because of this,
resistance of the core increases and current decreases there by decreasing the energy loss due to
eddy current.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question170
The power factor of an AC circuit having resistance (R) and
inductance (L) connected in series and an angular velocity ω is
[2002]
Options:

A. R ∕ ωL

B. R ∕ (R2 + ω2L2)1 ∕ 2

C. ωL ∕ R

D. R ∕ (R2 − ω2L2)1 ∕ 2

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Resistance of the inductor, X L = ωL
The impedance triangle for resistance (R) and inductor (L) connected in series is shown in the
figure.

Net impedance of circuit Z = √ X L2 + R2

R
Power factor, cos ϕ =
Z
R
⇒cos ϕ =
√R 2
+ ω2 L 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question171
The inductance between A and D is

[2002]
Options:

A. 3.66 H

B. 9 H

C. 0.66 H

D. 1 H

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
All three inductors are connected in parallel. The equivalent inductance Lp is given by
1 = 1 + 1 + 1 =1+1+1=3=
1
Lp L1 L2 L3 3 3 3 3
∴Lp = 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question172
In a transformer, number of turns in the primary coil are 140 and
that in the secondary coil are 280. If current in primary coil is 4 A,
then that in the secondary coil is
[2002]
Options:

A. 4 A

B. 2 A

C. 6 A
D. 10 A.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Number of turns in primary
N p = 140
Number of turns in secondary N s = 280, I p = 4A, I s = ?
IS Np
Using transformation ratio for a transformer =
Ip Ns
I S 140
⇒ =
4 280
⇒I s = 2A

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