ADITYA VIDYASHRAM RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL
CLASS XII (2024-2025)
WORK SHEET NO. 4
CHAPTER -2 – HUMAN REPRODUCTION
TOPIC- 2.1. –MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM & 2.2 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
1. Name the pouch in which the human testes are
present. 10 The above diagram shows human male reproductive
system (one side only).
2. List different parts of human oviduct through which (i) Identify ‘X’ and write its location in the body.
the ovum travels till it meets the sperm for fertilization. (ii) Name the accessory gland ‘Y’ and its secretion. (iii)
Name and state the function of Z.
3. Name the cells that nourish the germ cells in the
testes. Where are these located in the testes?
4. Write the function of Seminal vesicle.
5. Why are the human testes located outside the
abdominal cavity? Name the pouch in which they are
present.
6. Draw a labelled diagram to show interrelationship of
four necessary ducts in a human male reproductive
system.
7. Draw a diagrammatic sectional view of a
seminiferous tubule (enlarged) in humans and label it's
parts.
11. Differentiate between vas deferens and vasa
8. Name the male accessory glands in humans and
efferentia.
write their functions.
12. Name and explain the role of inner and middle
9. The above diagram shows a part of the human
walls of the human uterus.
female reproductive system.
i) Name the gamete cells that would be present in
13. Name and explain the role of inner and middle
‘X’ if taken from a newborn baby
walls of the human uterus.
ii) Name Y and write its function.
iii) Name Z and write the events that take place here.
14. i) Draw a labelled diagrammatic view of human male
reproductive system.
ii) Differentiate between: (a) Vas deferens and vasa
efferentia (b) Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis.
15. A functional mammary gland is the characteristic of
all female mammals. Write a note on its structure.
ADITYA VIDYASHRAM RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL
CLASS XII (2024-2025)
WORK SHEET NO. 5
CHAPTER -2 – HUMAN REPRODUCTION
TOPIC- 2.3. –GAMETOGENESIS & 2.4 MENSTRUAL CYCLE
1. Differentiate between spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis.
2. Write the effect of the high concentration of L.H. on a mature Graafian follicle
3. Where is acrosome present in humans? Write its function.
4. How does the sperm penetrate through the zona pellucida in the human ovum?
5. Write the physiological reason, why a woman generally cannot conceive a child after 50 years of age?
6. Write the function of each of the following: (i) Luteinizing hormone in human males (ii) Middle piece of human
sperm.
7. When do the oogenesis and the spermatogenesis initiate in human females and males, respectively?
8. Mention the relationships between pituitary and ovarian hormones during a menstrual cycle.
9. Mention the relationship between concentration of luteinizing hormone and maintenance of endometrium in
the human uterus.
10. How is ‘oogenesis’ markedly different from ‘spermatogenesis’ with respect to the growth till puberty in the
humans?
11. Enumerate the events in the ovary of a human female during: (i) Follicular phase, (ii) Luteal phase of menstrual
cycle.
12. With reference to the above schematic representation of (a) Spermatogenesis and (b) Oogenesis, answer the
following questions:
(a) About 300 million spermatozoa may be present in a human male ejaculation at one time. Calculate how
many spermatocytes will be involved to produce 300 spermatozoa.
(b) How many chromatids are found during oogenesis in
(i) Primary oocyte and
(ii) First polar body in a human female?
13. Draw a sectional view of the human ovary showing the different stages of developing follicles, corpus luteum
and ovulation.
14. Draw a diagram of a mature sperm. Label any three parts and write their functions.
15. Draw a diagram of human sperm. Label only those parts along with their functions that assist the sperm to reach
and gain entry into the female gamete.
16. Explain the events in a normal woman during her menstrual cycle on the following days:
(i) Ovarian event from 13-15 days (ii) Ovarian hormones level from 16 to 23 days
(ii) Uterine events from 24 to 29 days.
17. Explain the events in a normal woman during her menstrual cycle on the following days:
(i) Pituitary hormone levels from 8 to 12 days
(ii) Uterine events from 13 to 15 days (iii) Ovarian events from 16 to 23 days.
18. Explain the hormonal control of spermatogenesis in human.
19. Draw a diagram of the structure of a human ovum surrounded by corona radiata. Label the following parts:
(a) Ovum
(b) Plasma membrane
(c) Zona pellucida.
(ii) State the function of Zona pellucida.
20. Identify A, B, C and D with reference to gametogenesis in humans in the flow chart given below:
21. When do the oogenesis and spermatogenesis initiate in human females and males respectively?
22. (a) Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis on the basis of
(i) Time of initiation of the process.
(ii) Site of completion of the process.
(iii)Nature of meiotic division undergone by gamete mother cells.
(b) Name the hormones and state their role involved in controlling spermatogenesis in humans.
23. (a) Explain menstrual cycle in human females.
(b) How can the scientific understanding of the menstrual cycle of human females help as a contraceptive
measure?
24. Explain the process of development of a mature human female gamete from the time it is initiated till the
formation of ootid.
25. (i) Draw a diagram of a sectional view of human ovary and label
(i) Primary follicle; (ii) Tertiary follicle; (iii) Graafian follicle and; (iv) Corpus luteum.
(ii) Write the function of corpus luteum.
26. (i) Explain the menstrual phase in a human female. State the levels of ovarian and pituitary hormones during
this phase.
(ii) Why is follicular phase in the menstrual cycle also referred as proliferative phase? Explain.
(iii) Explain the events that occur in a Graafian follicle at the time of ovulation and thereafter.
(iv) Draw a Graafian follicle and label antrum and secondary oocyte.
27. (i) Where does spermatogenesis occur in human testis? Describe the process of spermatogenesis upto the
formation of spermatozoa.
(ii) Trace the path of spermatozoa from the testis upto the ejaculatory duct only.
28. (i) Name the hormone that initiates spermatogenesis in humans. Describe the process of spermatogenesis in
sequence mentioning the ploidy of the cells at each step.
(ii) Draw the diagram of a mature human sperm and label the parts that (a) helps it reaching to the ovum. (b)
providing energy for it to reach the ovum. (c) helping it to gain entry into the ovum.
29. When and where are primary oocytes formed in a human female? Trace the development of these oocytes till
ovulation (in menstrual cycle). How do gonadotropins influence this developmental process?
30. (i) Draw diagrammatic sectional view of the female reproductive system of human and label the parts:
(a) Where the secondary oocytes develop
(b) Which helps in collection of ovum after ovulation
(c) Where fertilization occurs. (d) Where implantation of embryo occurs.
(ii) Explain the role of pituitary and the ovarian hormones in menstrual cycle in human females.
31. The graph given below shows the variation in the levels of ovarian hormones during various phases of menstrual
cycle:
(i) Identify ‘A’ and ‘B’.
(ii) Specify the source of the hormone marked in the diagram.
(iii) Reason out: why A peaks before B?
(iv) Compare the role of A and B.
(v) Under which condition will the level of B continue to remain high on the 28th day?
32. Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
ADITYA VIDYASHRAM RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL
CLASS XII (2024-2025)
WORK SHEET NO. 6
CHAPTER -2 – HUMAN REPRODUCTION
TOPIC- 2.5 –FERTILIZATION AND IMPLANTATION, 2.6 PREGNANCY & EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
& 2.7 PARTURITION & LACTATION
1. How is the entry of only one sperm and not many ensured into an ovum during fertilization in humans?
2. Mention the function of trophoblast in human embryo.
3. What stimulates pituitary to release the hormone responsible for parturition? Name the hormone.
4. Explain the function of myometrium and endometrium in human females
5. Explain the function of umbilical cord.
6. State the role of Oxytocin in parturition. What triggers its release from the pituitary?
7. Explain the events that follow upto fertilization when the sperms come in contact with the ovum in the fallopian tube
of a human female.
8. Where does fertilization occur in humans? Explain the events that occur during this process.
9. Name the stage of the human embryo that gets implanted in the uterus and draw its labelled diagram.
10. When and where do chorionic villi appear in humans? State their function.
11. (i) Where do the signals for parturition originate from in humans? (ii) Why is it important to feed the newborn
babies on colostrum?
12. Write the function of each one of the following: (i) (Oviducal) Fimbriae (ii) Oxytocin
13. Differentiate between morula and blastocyst.
14. Name the stage of human embryo at which it gets implanted. Explain the process of implantation.
15. (i) Arrange the following hormones in sequence of their secretion in a pregnant woman. (ii) Mention their source
and the function they perform: hCG; LH; FSH; Relaxin.
16. Describe the embryonic development of a zygote upto its implantation in humans.
17. Draw a labelled diagram of the embryonic stage that gets implanted in the human uterus. State the functions of the
two parts labelled.
18. State any three functions of placenta in human female.
19. Describe the process of parturition in humans.
20. (a) Explain the process of fertilization in human. (b) Name the embryonic stage that gets implanted in human
females. Explain the process of implantation.
21. (a) Draw a diagram of the adult human female reproductive system and label the different: (i) parts of fallopian
tube (ii) layers of uterus wall (b) Explain the events during fertilization of an ovum in humans.
22. (i) Where in the fallopian tube does fertilization occur in humans? Describe the development of a fertilized ovum
upto implantation. (ii) How is polyspermy prevented in humans?
23.
(i) Identify the parts labelled 1, 2 and 3 in the diagram given. (ii) Draw a labelled diagram of a human blastocyst. (iii)
What is parturition and how is it induced at the end of pregnancy in a human female?
24. (i) Name the hormones secreted and write their functions: (a) By corpus luteum and placenta (any two). (b) During
Follicular phase and parturition. (ii) Name the stages in a human female where: (a) Corpus luteum and placenta co-exist.
(b) Corpus luteum temporarily ceases to exist.
25. Arrange the terms given below in their order of occurrence describing their structure and function in the early
development of the human embryo: Implantation; cleavage; inner cells mass; trophoblast; blastomeres; endometrium;
morula; blastocyst.
26. During the reproductive cycle of a human female, when, where and how does a placenta develop? What is the
function of placenta during pregnancy and embryo development?
27. The following is the illustration of the sequence of ovarian events “a” to “i” in a human female:
(i) Identify the figure that illustrates corpus luteum and name the pituitary hormone that influences its formation.
(ii) Specify the endocrine function of corpus luteum. How does it influence the uterus? Why is it essential?
(iii) What is the difference between “d” and “e”?
(iv) Draw a neat labelled sketch of Graafian follicle.