Solution
10TH MATHS TEST JUNE
Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(b) intersecting or coincident
Explanation:
If a pair of linear equations in two variables is consistent, then its solution exists.
∴ The lines represented by the equations are either intersecting or coincident.
2.
(c) parallel
Explanation:
parallel
3.
(d) (0, 2) and (0, 12)
Explanation:
Here are the two solutions of each of the given equations. 3x + y − 12 = 0 ,
x 0 3 4
y 12 3 0
x − 3y + 6 = 0
x 0 3 -6
y 2 3 0
The triangle ABC is formed by the given two lines and x-axis. Therefore, both lines intersect the y-axis at (0, 2) and at (0, 12).
4.
(b) K = 2
Explanation:
The given equation has infinite solutions, if
a1 b1 c1
= =
a2 b2 c2
1 1 −4
⇒ = =
2 k −8
1 1
⇒ =
2 k
⇒ k=2
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5.
(c) x = a, y = b
Explanation:
The given equations are
x + y = a + b ...(i)
ax - by = a2 - b2 ...(ii)
From (i)
y=a+b-x
Substituting y = a + b - x in (ii), we get
ax - b(a + b - x) = a2 - b2
⇒ ax - ab - b2 + bx = a2 - b2
2
a +ab
⇒ x= a+b
=a
Now, substitute x = a in (i) to get
a+y=a+b
⇒ y = b
Hence, x = a and y = b.
6. (a) -15x + 9y = 5
Explanation:
For lines to be parallel
a1 b1 c1
= ≠
a2 b2 c2
7.
(c) intersecting
Explanation:
intersecting
The lines representing linear equations x = 6 and y = 6
x + 0y = 6 ...(1)
0x + y = 6 ...(2)
a1 1
=
a2 0
b1 0
=
b2 1
1 0
≠
0 1
a1 b1
≠
a2 b2
⇒ intersecting lines
8. (a) -250
Explanation:
a = -16
d = -2
S10 = ?
n
S10 = (2a + (n − 1)d)
2
10
S10 = (2 × (−16) + (10 − 1)(−2))
2
= 5(-32 - 18)
= 5 × (-50)
S10 = -250
9.
(c) 13
Explanation:
For 1st A.P.; a = 63 and d = 2 , hence Tn = 63 + (n - 1)2
⇒ Tn = 2n + 61 ... (i)
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for 2nd AP a = 3, d = 7, hence tn = 3 + (n - 1)7
tn = 7n - 4 ... (ii)
by condition, from (i) & (ii),
7n - 4 = 2n + 61
⇒ 5n = 65
∴ n = 13
10.
(c) 50
Explanation:
Here a = 3 and d = 5.
∴ (a30 - a20) = (30 - 20)d = 10 × 5 = 50
11.
(b) (6 - 2n)
Explanation:
Tn = (Sn - Sn-1)
= (5n - n2) - (5(n - 1) - (n - 1)2)
= (5n - n2) - (7n - n2- 6)
= (6 - 2n).
12.
(b) -2
Explanation:
1 1−4x 1−8x
, ,
2x 2x 2x
d = a2 − a1
1−4x 1
= −
2x 2x
1−4x−1
=
2x
−4x
=
2x
d = -2
13.
(b) 2
Explanation:
If three terms are in AP then a2 - a1 = a3 - a2
10 - (2p+1) = 5p + 5 - 10
9 - 2p = 5p - 5
7p = 14
p=2
14.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
a1 b1 c1
For an inconsistent solution, we have a2
=
b2
≠
c2
So, the A is true but R is false.
15.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
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For 2k + 1, 3k + 3 and 5k - 1 to form an AP
(3k + 3) - (2k + 1) = (5k - 1) - (3k + 3)
k + 2 = 2k - 4
2 + 4 = 2k - k = k
k=6
So, both assertion and reason are correct but reason does not explain assertion.
Section B
16. 2 x - 2 y - 2 = 0................(1)
4 x - 4 y - 5 = 0..................(2)
Here, a = 2, b = −2, c = −2
1 1
a2 = 4, b2 = −4, c2 = −5
a1 b1 c1
We see that a2
=
b2
≠
c2
Hence, the lines represented by the equations(1) and ( 2 ) are parallel.
Therefore, equations ( 1) and (2) have no solution, i.e., the given pair of a linear equation is inconsistent.
17. The given system of equations may be written as
9x − 10y + 12 = 0 ...(i)
2x + 3y − 13 = 0 .... (ii)
13−2x
From (ii), we get y = 3
13−2x
Substituting y = 3
in (i), we get
10(13−2x)
9x − + 12 = 0
3
⇒ 27x − 10(13 − 2x) + 36 = 0
⇒ 27x − 130 + 20x + 36 = 0
⇒ 47x − 94 = 0
⇒ 47x = 94
94
⇒ x = = 2
47
Substituting x = 2 in (i), we get
9 × 2 - 10y + 12 = 0
⇒ 10y = 30
30
⇒ y = = 3
10
Hence, x = 2 and y = 3 is the required solution.
18. Given,
AP: 65, 61, 57, 53
a = 65 and d = 61 - 65 = -4
Consider the nth term of the A.P. as the first negative term
i.e., an< 0
We know that nth term of an AP,
an = a + (n - 1)d
Here, [a + (n - 1)d] < 0
⇒ 65 + (n - 1) (-4) < 0
⇒ 65 - 4n + 4 < 0
⇒ 69 - 4n < 0
⇒ 4n > 69
⇒ n >
69
⇒ n > 17.25
⇒ n = 18
So the 18th term is the first negative term of the given AP.
–
19. a1 = √5
−− –
a2 = √20 = 2√5
d = a2 - a1
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– –
= 2√5 - √5
–
d = √5
a4 = a1 + 3d
– –
= √5 + 3√5
–
= 4√5
−−
= √80
a5 = a1 + 4d
– –
= √5 + 4√5
–
= 5√5
− −−
= √125
−− −−−
hence, next two of A.P are √80 and √125
20. Let first term = a and common difference = d
Then as per given
10 × a10 = 15 × a15
10[a + (10 - 1)d] = 15[a + (15 - 1)d]
10(a + 9d) = 15(a + 14d)
10a+90d=15a+210d
5a+120d=0
or a + 24d=0 .............(1)
To prove: a25 = 0
a25= a + (25 - 1)d
= a + 24d
= 0 [From (1)]
Hence a25 = 0
Section C
21. 1. By Elimination method,
The given system of equation is :
3 x + 4 y = 10 ...................(1)
2 x - 2 y = 2 ...................(2)
Multiplying equation(2) by 2, we get
4 x - 4 y = 4 ...................(2)
Adding equation (1) and equation (3), we get
7 x = 14
14
∴ x = = 2
7
Substituting this value of x in equation (2), we get
2(2) - 2y = 2
⇒ 4 − 2y = 2
⇒ 2y = 4 − 2
⇒ 2y = 2
2
⇒ y = = 1
2
So, the solution of the given system of equation is
x = 2, y = 1
2. By Substitution method,
The given system of equation is:
3 x + 4 y = 10.................(1)
2 x - 2 y = 2....................(2)
From equation(1)
3x = 10 − 4y
10−4y
x = ( )
3
Put value of x in equation (2),
2x − 2y = 2
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10−4y
2( ) − 2y = 2
3
2(10−4y)−2y(3)
= 2
3
20 − 8y − 6y = 6
−14y = −14
y=1
Putting value of y = 1 in equation (2)
2x - 2 = 2
x=2
Therefore, x = 2, y = 1 is the solution.
Verification: Substituting x = 2, y = 1, we find that both the
equation(1) and (2) are satisfied shown below:
3x + 4y = 3(2) + 4(1) = 6 + 4 = 10
2x − 2y = 2(2) − 2(1) = 4 − 2 = 2
Hence, the solution is correct.
22. Let the present age of father be x years and sum of present age of two son's be y years.
According to question,
after five years
x + 5 = 2(y + 5 + 5)
x + 5 = 2y + 20
x - 2y = 15 ....(i)
and x = 3y ....(ii)
∴ 3y - 2y = 15
or y = 15
∴ age of father x = 3y
= 3 × 15
= 45 years
23. According to question we observe that 56 is the first integer between 50 and 500 which is divisible by 7.
Also, when we divide 500 by 7 the remainder is 3. Therefore, 500 - 3 = 497 is the largest integer divisible by 7 and lying between
50 and 500. Thus, we have to find the number of terms in an A.P. with first term = 56,
last term = 497 and common difference = 7 (as the numbers are divisible by 7).
Let there be n terms in the A.P. Then,
an = 497
⇒ a + (n - 1) d = 497
⇒ 56 + (n − 1) × 7 = 497 ...[Because,a = 56 and d = 7]
⇒ 7n + 49 = 497
⇒ 7n = 448
⇒ n = 64
Threfore, there are 64 integers between 50 and 500 which are divisible by 7.
24. Given, Sn = (3n + 5) n
2
n−1
∴ Sn-1 = 2
[3(n - 1) + 5]
n−1
or Sn-1 = 2
(3n + 2)
Since, an = Sn - Sn-1
n n−1
= (3n + 5) − (3n + 2)
2 2
2 3n(n−1) 2(n−1)
3n 5n
= + − −
2 2 2 2
2 2
3n 5n 3n 3n
= + − + − n+ 1
2 2 2 2
= 8n
2
-n+1
= 4n - n + 1
= 3n + 1
Now, a25 = 3(25) + 1
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or, a25 = 75 + 1 = 76
Thus, 25th term of AP. is 76
Section D
25. i. Let the fixed charge be ₹ x and per kilometer charge be ₹ y
∴ x + 10y = 105 ...(i)
x + 15y = 155 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
5y = 50
y= 50
5
= 10
From equation (i)
x + 100 = 105
x = 105 - 100 = 5
Fixed charges = ₹ 5
ii. Let the fixed charge be ₹ x and per kilometer charge be ₹ y
∴ x + 10y = 105 ...(1)
x + 15y = 155 ...(2)
From (1) and (2)
5y = 50
50
y= 5
= 10
From equation (1)
x + 100 = 105
x = 105 - 100 = 5
Per km charges = ₹ 10
iii. Let the fixed charge be ₹ a and per kilometer charge be ₹ b
a + 10b
20 + 10 × 10 = ₹ 120
OR
Total amount = x + 10y + x + 25y
= 2x + 35y
= 2 × 5 + 35 × 10
= 10 + 350
= ₹ 360
26. i. The distance covered by Dinesh to pick up the first flower plant and the second flower plant,
= 2 × 10 + 2 × (10 + 5) = 20 + 30
therefore, the distance covered for planting the first 5 plants
= 20 + 30 + 40 + ... 5 terms
This is in AP where the first term a = 20
and common difference d = 30 - 20 = 10
ii. We know that a = 20, d = 10 and number of terms = n = 5 so,
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1) d]
2
So, the sum of 5 terms
S5 =
5
2
[2 × 20 + 4 × 10] =
5
2
× 80 = 200 m
Hence, Dinesh will cover 200 m to plant the first 5 plants.
iii. As a = 20, d = 10 and here n = 10
So, S10 = [2 × 20 + 9 × 10] = 5 × 130 = 650 m
10
So, hence Ramesh will cover 650 m to plant all 10 plants.
OR
Total distance covered by Ramesh 650 m
650
Time = distance
=
speed
= 65 minutes
10
Time taken to plant all 10 plants = 15 × 10 = 150 minutes
Total time = 65 + 150 = 215 minutes = 3 hrs 35 minutes
Section E
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27. S
7 = 91 ⇒
1
2
[2a + 6d] = 91
a + 3d = 13 ...(i)
17
S17 = 561 ⇒ (2a + 16d) = 561
2
a + 8d = 33 ...(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) d = 4 and a = 1
n
∴ Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
n
= [2(1) + (n − 1)4]
2
Getting an = 4n - 3
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