CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Childhood trauma, including abuse, neglect, and exposure to violence, can have
profound psychological effects that persist into adulthood. Self-esteem and
emotional intelligence are crucial for effective social functioning, academic
achievement, and mental well-being. For students studying psychology—who are
expected to understand and manage emotional experiences—the effects of
unresolved childhood trauma may influence both their academic and personal
development. Understanding these effects can enhance support systems in
university settings.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Many students in tertiary institutions may be functioning with unaddressed
childhood trauma. These unresolved issues could potentially impair self-esteem
and emotional intelligence, especially among psychology students who are
preparing for roles in mental health and counseling. However, there is limited
research on how these past experiences impact students in Nasarawa State
University, Keffi.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
- To examine the perceived psychological impact of childhood trauma on self-
esteem.
- To evaluate the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional
intelligence.
- To assess the differences in self-esteem and emotional intelligence based on
trauma exposure levels.
1.4 Research Questions
How does childhood trauma affect self-esteem among psychology students?
What is the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional intelligence?
Are there significant differences in self-esteem and emotional intelligence based
on trauma severity?
1.5 Hypotheses
H1: There is a significant negative relationship between childhood trauma and
self-esteem.
H2: There is a significant negative relationship between childhood trauma and
emotional intelligence.
H3: Students with high trauma exposure will score lower on self-esteem and
emotional intelligence.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will contribute to understanding the internal struggles students may
face due to childhood trauma. It may also guide university counseling services in
identifying students who may benefit from psychological interventions.
1.7 Scope of the Study
This study is limited to undergraduate students in the Psychology Department at
Nasarawa State University, Keffi.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Childhood Trauma: Negative experiences during childhood including abuse,
neglect, or violence.
Self-Esteem: One's evaluation of self-worth.
Emotional Intelligence: The ability to recognize, understand, and manage
emotions in oneself and others.