REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
PANA SYSTEM'S TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
DISTANCE WORK EDUCATION CENTER

(ITPSA)

INSTRUCTIONAL LEARNING MODULE

PHYSICS

IV YEAR
FACILITATOR:

THEME 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

THEME 2: SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

THEME 3: FUNCTIONS AND GRAPHS

 PRESENTATION

Dear young student:

We present to you this LEARNING MODULE WITH THE TOPICS OF

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS, SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND FUNCTIONS AND
GRAPHICS in order for you to achieve meaningful learning so that you can succeed
apply it in your daily experience or in your work, and let it serve as a foundation for future knowledge.

It is our wish that by the end of this study and learning guide you have achieved:
to recognize within the history of Physics the importance it has had for humanity
science and its influence on the creation of others; solving different operations with numbers in
scientific notation; use the Reference System for the preparation and interpretation of
line graphs;

Cheer up! You can gain meaningful learning through this guide, and that
You will apply in your later studies if you carry out the activities we detail below.

We invite you to learn!

It is very important that you show a lot of interest in studying this guide.
learning so that you can carry out the activities we propose to you:

Carefully read the topics, so that you can identify each of the words.
techniques, and terms presented so you can apply them in the different drawings made,
given mathematical operations and calculations performed.

Solve individually and then in work groups, the operations.

graphics or proposed problems following the indicated steps.

Discuss with the facilitator and groupmates the results obtained in the
operations carried out and graphs created, so you can later apply them to problems of
ment or situations that arise during the practices.

2
 PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

Sciences can be divided into biological and physical. While the sciences
Biological sciences deal with living beings; physical sciences have as their essential study subject
the non-living part of nature.

The knowledge of Physics is essential to understand our world, because it

it reveals to us the causes and effects of natural events.

Physics encompasses everything from the earliest measurements of gravity to the latest achievements.
of space.

When studying Physics, the practical application of basic mathematics becomes necessary because
It is useful for obtaining formulas that allow for the precise description of physical facts.

It is of utmost importance to remember all the operations that are performed with real numbers.
as well as its properties. It is essential to remember in this module that the powers of
10 is represented like this:

1 = 100 0.1 = 10-1

10 = 101 0.01 = 10-2
100 = 102 0.001 = 10-3
1,000 = 103 0.0001 = 10-4
10,000 = 104 0.00001 = 10-5
100,000 = 105 0.000001 = 10-6

It is extremely important to also keep in mind in this module the Rules for the
calculation of powers:
Product of powers with the same base. am an= am+n
Example: 105 103= 105+3equals 108
am
Quotient of powers with the same base: =am:an= am-n
an
Example: 105:103= 105-3 = 102
Power of a power: (am)n= a
Example: (105)3= 1015

3
 Power of a multiplication: (a b)m= am bm
Example: (10 5)3= 103 53
m
a
Power of a Quotient: (a:b)m= am:b
b
Example: (10 :5)= 10353
3

1
Inverse of the base with negative exponent: m = a-m
a
1
Example: 5
= 10-5
10

"Ah, but only man is capable of surpassing what he achieves, otherwise, what for?"
Where is the sky?
Robert Browning

4
 CONTENTS

Theme No. 1: Introduction to Physics

Definition.

Importance

Branches of Physics

Physics and other sciences

Topic No. 2: Scientific Notation

Concept

Transformations

Operations in Scientific Notation

Functions and Graphs

Functions.

Definition.

Class of functions.

Direct proportion.

Linear variation.

Non-linear variation.

Inverse relationships

5
 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

1. Definition.
The word Physics comes from the Greek term 'Phycis' which means nature, therefore
Thus, Physics would be the science that is dedicated to studying all natural phenomena. In fact,
this was the approach of Physics until the early 19th century, with the name at that time
of 'Natural Philosophy'.

Starting in the 19th century, the field of Physics was reduced, limiting it to the study of the
called "physical phenomena," which moreover separated from it and became part of
other natural sciences.

In fact, Physics is the science that deals with the properties of matter and the laws that
they tend to modify their state or their movement without changing their nature.

2. Importance
Thanks to Physics, it is possible to explain a wide variety of apparently
disconnected from each other, starting from a few basic principles that, if understood well,
will be sufficient to face or solve a large number of problems.

One of the objectives of Physics is to discover the rules that govern our universe.
To reach them, we must begin by investigating what happens around us, which
we can do it, in the first instance, through our senses (touch, sight, hearing and
olfaction), therefore they constitute important tools in the study of Physics.

It is through our senses that we form concepts, but those can

create illusions for us. For this reason, the scientist must be wary of what seems obvious to him and of
common sense, being a product of the human brain to which nature does not always conform.

6
3. Branches of Physics
Since our senses often deceive us, it becomes necessary to
use of devices that allow us to sharpen our senses and perceive events that are difficult to detect
they could be captured in another way.

Before the sciences began to develop, the senses were the only source of
information, and for this reason, physical phenomena were classified according to the sense
through which the different branches of Physics emerged, namely: Mechanics,
Heat or Thermodynamics, Acoustics, Optics, Electricity, Modern Physics.

3.1.1 Mechanics: Studies the phenomena related to the movement of bodies.

Example: the fall of a body, movement of planets, car crash.

3.1.2 Heat or Thermology: Studies thermal phenomena. That is, the variation of the
temperature of bodies, the expansion of a hot body, etc.

3.1.3 Acoustics: Studies the properties of waves that propagate in a material medium.
Example: The sound.

3.1.4 Optics: Studies the visible phenomena related to light.

3.1.5 Electricity: Studies electrical and magnetic phenomena. Example: the property of
the magnets.

3.1.6 Modern Physics: Covers the development of Physics during the 20th century, including the
study of the structure of the atom, radioactivity, Einstein's Theory of Relativity.

Rama Phenomenon Sense

Optics Light Vision
Acoustics Sound Audition
Heat Heat Touch
Mechanics Movement of the body

7
 Since the phenomena related to electromagnetism cannot be observed
directly through none of our senses, only after the 19th century did they arrive at
constitute an organized branch.

Physics, therefore, was at the beginning of the 19th century, composed of a set
of sciences that had very little or no relationship with each other: Mechanics, Optics, Heat, Acoustics
and Electromagnetism. Recently, the so-called Physics has been incorporated into those classical branches.

Modern, which covers the developments achieved in the 20th century.

The classical branches of Physics are and continue to be bodies of specialization and
very important update, but it no longer makes sense to study Basic Physics in a way
segmented, just as it was done in the classical approach.

4. Physics and other sciences

Physics is the oldest science, and from it originated the other natural sciences.
Therefore, their teachings have been foundational for the development of other sciences such as
Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy, Geology, History, Meteorology, Psychology, Archaeology,
etc.

Science that studies the nature of the properties of simple bodies, action
4.1. Chemistry:
molecular.
4.2. Biology: Studies the laws of life.

4.3. Astronomy: It deals with the position, movement, and constitution of celestial bodies.

4.4. Geology: The subject of study of the matter that composes the Earth, its nature,
situation and causes that have determined it.

4.5. Engineering: Invention, improvement or use of industrial techniques

8
 SUMMARY
Physics: It comes from the Greek term 'Phycis' which means nature. It is part of them
natural sciences that study the properties and laws that tend to modify the state or
movement of matter, without changing its nature.

Physics is important in our days because through it a great deal can be explained.
variety of phenomena and discover the rules that govern our universe.

Since ancient times, one of the important tools in the study of Physics are the
senses (touch, sight, hearing, smell) although these can deceive us according to what the scientist
one must be suspicious.

The fall of bodies

Mechanics Movement of planets
(movement of bodies) Car crash
-etc
Variation of the temperature of
Heat and thermodynamics the bodies.
(thermal phenomena) Expansion of the hot body
- Etc.
Acoustics.
Sound
Physics (properties of waves)

Optics
(light)

Electricity
(electric and magnetic) magnet

Modern Physics Structure of the atom

(Physics of the 20th century) Radioactivity
Relativity

sense
Optics Phenomenon
Light Vision

sense
Acoustics Phenomenon Sound Audition
n
Phenomenon sense
Heat Heat Touch
Physics rama
Phenomenon
Mechanics Movement
of the body
Electronics

Modern Physics

9
 Prepare a summary of the definition of physics so that you understand its importance.
this science has in our days.

In short, physics is a fundamental science that provides us with the tools that
we need to describe and understand a wide range of phenomena. It also helps us
to understand the laws that govern the natural world. Its importance derives from its ability
to reveal the mysteries of nature and allow the development of technologies and applications
that improve our quality of life and allow us to expand the limits of our knowledge.

Create a concept map about the branches of Physics so you can understand it.
wide range of phenomena studied by Physics.

PHYSICS

It is part of the natural sciences.

that studies the properties and
laws that tend to modify the
state or movement of the
matter, without changing its

Chemistry Astronomy Engineering

Science that Biology It deals with Geology Invention

study it position perfection
nature of the movement and to or utilization
properties of constitution of of the technique
Study the laws Object of study
the bodies the bodies from the matter that industrial
simple, action of life.
celestial. compose the
molecular. globe
its nature,
situation and
causes that have
determined.

10
 Read the text comprehensively so that you can develop a scheme about Physics.
other sciences that emerged from it.

Fall of the bodies

movement of bodies Movement of planets
Mechanics

(phenomena Variation of temperature of

Heat and thermodynamics
thermal the bodies.

Acoustics. properties of waves Sound

Physics Optics (light)

Electricity (electric and magnetic) magnet

Structure of the atom

Modern Physics (Physics of the 20th century) Radioactivity
Relativity

11
 The important thing is not to stop asking questions.
A. Einstein.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES FINAL EVALUATION

1. Define the concept of Physics. 1. Identify correctly, based

in the definition of Physics, If
determined phenomenon in life
everyday life is the subject of study by
part of Physics.
2. Identify the branches of the
Physics.
2. Create a list of the
different branches of Physics.

3. Identify the different 3. Determines the phenomenon that

sciences that arose from the study and meaning that it uses, for
Physics. its study, each of the branches
of Physics.

[Link] the sciences what

They arose from Physics.

The triumph is not in

always win, if not in
never get discouraged.
Napoleon

12
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
Concept: A number is written in scientific notation when it is expressed as a
multiplication of: a number between 1 and 10, and a power of 10. These numbers
will allow you to express quantities that are too large or too small in form
more comfortable.

Examples:
The radius of Saturn is 60,300,000 m and in scientific notation 6.03 x 107
The organic molecule measures 0.0000000007m and in scientific notation 7 x 10.-10

2. Transformations:

2.1 Transformations of real number to Scientific Notation:

2.1.1 Transformation of a number equal to or greater than 10: we move the decimal point
to the left until the first factor is a number greater than 1 and less than 10
and we add the power of 10 that will have an exponent equal to the number of places we have
decimal comma
As it is an integer, we assume that the
Example: how many decimals are to the right of
last digit, then we run the
The height of Mount Everest 8,640m = 8.64 x 103 move the decimal point 3 places to the left
8 640m = 8.64 x 103m y 3 will be the exponent of the power of
10.

2.1.2 Transformation of a number less than 1: we move the decimal point to the
right until the first factor is a number greater than 1 and less than 10 and we add
the power of 10 with a negative exponent will equal the number of places we have moved
the decimal comma.
We move the decimal point 5
Example: places to the right and -5 will be
the exponent of the power of
Vibration period of a guitar string: 0.00001. 10.
0.00001 = 1x10-5

2.2 Transformations of numbers from Scientific Notation to real number:

2.2.1 Transformation of numbers with powers of 10 and positive exponent: the exponent
indicates how many places to the right we move the decimal point.
How the exponent is positive
Example: Mass of the Earth 5.97x1025 we move the decimal point 25
5.97x10255,970,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. places to the right.

13
2.2.2 Transformation of numbers with powers of 10 and negative exponent:
The exponent indicates how many places we move the decimal point to the left.

Example: Mass of the atom 1x10-22 How is the exponent negative

we move the decimal point 25
1x10-220.0000000000000000001 places to the left.

Check what you have learned by doing the following transformations.

Compare the results with your peers and the facilitator.
Express the following numbers in scientific notation.
45 000 000 000= 4.5 x 1010 4.)–26 300= -2.63 x 104
0.000000000094 = 9.4 x 10-11 0.00000236 = 2.36 x 10-6
3.) 805,000,000,000 = 8.05 x 1011
6.) 0.00000000000000000901 = 9.01 x 10-18

Transform the following numbers into their real form.

1.2 x 1061,200,000 4.) 1.28 x 105128,000
2.) 8 x 10-50.00008 5.) 4.2 x 10-2= 0.042
3.) 5.7 x 10-40.00057 6.) 4.2 x 102= 420

3. Operations with Scientific Notation: just as we work with basic operations

with real numbers we can do it with numbers written in scientific notation and it becomes
easier than working with large numbers you just have to follow the established rules by
algebra for operations with powers.

3.1 Addition and Subtraction: to be able to perform these operations, you must follow the
next steps:

Check if the exponents of the power of 10 are equal, if not

To equalize the
then you must express them with the same exponent (doing the
exponents are taken
transformations that are necessary to not alter the quantity. as base the
The first factors of each number are added (or subtracted). higher exponent.

The base 10 with the common exponent is added to the previous result.
It is expressed in scientific notation, if necessary.
Examples:
8,9 x 108+ 5.6 x 108(8.9 + 5.6) x 108 To express the result in N. C.
move the comma one place to the
14.5 x 108 left so the increased the
exponent one unit

14
 1.45 x 109
2) 4.23 x 107-1.3 x 1064.23 x 107-0.13 x 107 You manage to have the same exponent 7
moving the decimal point one place
= (4,23 - 0,13)x 107 to the left to increase the
= 4.10 x 107 exponent one unit.

Note: any exponent can be taken as a basis, but it is recommended to increase the
smallest exponent.

3.2 Multiplication and division: to perform these operations we follow the following
steps:

The first factors are multiplied (or divided) by each other.

The powers of 10 are multiplied (or divided), to do this, the exponents are added (or subtracted).

exponents.
The result is expressed in scientific notation, if necessary.

Examples:
1) (6 x 104) (8 x 108) = (6 x 8) (104x 108) Multiply the first factors and then to the
multiply the seconds, you just add them
= 48 x 104+8 exponents. To express the result in N.
The comma moves one place to the left
= 48 x 1012
therefore the exponent is increased by one unit.
= 4.8 x 1013

2) (3.5 x 106(2.5 x 10-5(3.5 x 2.5) (106x 10-5)

8.75 x 106+(-5)
8.75 x 106-5
= 8.75 x 101

5
7.28 times 107.28 10 5
3) = x Divide the first factors and then to the
4x10 8 4 108 to divide the seconds, just subtract the exponents.
1.82 x 105-8
1.82 x 10-3

15
 6.7x109 6,7 10 9
4) = x = 1.49 x 1071.49 x 107
4.5 times 1024.5 10 2

Verify what you have learned by performing operations in scientific notation.

Compare the results with your peers and the facilitator.
Solve the following operations and express the results in scientific notation.
8 x 105+ 5.7 x 104+ 2.8 x 103
2.) 6.94 x 1073.82 x 105)
= 8.0 x 105+ 5.7 x 104+ 2.8 x 103
6.94 x 107-3.82 x 105
(8.0 x 105) + (0.57 x 105) + (0.028 x 105)
6.94 x 107-0.382 x 107
8.0 x 105+ 0.57 x 105+ 0.028 x 105
(6.94 - 0.0382) x 107
= 8.0 x 105+ 0.57 x 105+ 0.028 x 105
6.9018 x 107
(8.0 + 0.57 + 0.028) x 105

8,598 times 105

4.) 2.6 x 1015+3.8 x 1015-4.2 x 1015

3.) (6.32 x 104) (4,2 x 102)
(6.32 x 104(4.2 x 102) 2.6 x 1015+ 3.8 x 1015-4.2 x 1015
= (6.32 x 4.2) x (104x 102)
(2.6 + 3.8 - 4.2) x 1015
265,440(4+2)
= 2.2 x 1015
26,544 x 106

16
 2,175x1010 6.) (2 x 10-6) (9 x 10-2)
5.)
2.5x106
10 (2 x 10-6) (9 x 10-2)
= 2,175 x 106
2.5 10
(2 x 9) x (10-6x 10-2)
87 times 1010-6 = 18 x 10(-6) + (-2)
87 x 104
18 x 10-8
= 87 x 103

7.)
 2x10 3 .82x10 
3 2

75 2
(20x102(3.82x102) / 7.5x10-2
76.4 times 1027.5x10-2
=10.19x104

17
Move the decimal point of a number and place the corresponding exponent in the base.
10 to transform a real number into its scientific notation.

Analyze with the companions and guidance of the facilitator the sign of the exponent of a
number in scientific notation to correctly transform a number into
scientific notation to real number.

Carry out different practices to transform different numbers into real writing.
scientific notation and vice versa quickly and correctly.

Read, with the guidance of the facilitator, the instructions to perform additions and
subtractions so that you find the sum or differences of numbers written in
scientific notation.

Analyze and discuss in small groups the instructions for performing multiplications.
and divisions so that you find the product or the quotient of numbers written in
scientific notation.

Compare results with peers and the facilitator so that you achieve a greater
safety and skill in the execution of the different operations.

18
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES FINAL EVALUATION

1. Identify numbers written in 1.1 Correctly identify from a list of

scientific notation. numbers, which are written in notation
scientific.

2. Transform real numbers to 2.1 Move the decimal point correctly until
numbers in scientific notation. make the first factor a number
between 1 and 10.
2.2 Place the appropriate exponent when
perform the transformation from real number to
scientific notation.

3. Transform numbers Run the decimal comma as indicated by the

scientific notation to writing in exponent of the number in notation
real number. scientific and write correctly the
real number.
3.2 Convert numbers to scientific notation
to achieve that the exponents of the
powers of 10 are equal.

4. Find the sum of numbers 4.1 Correctly add the first

in scientific notation. factors of numbers in scientific notation.
4.2 Place the common exponent in the result
from the addition.
4.3 Express the result in scientific notation
from the addition.

5. Differentiate numbers in notation 5.1 Correctly subtract the first

scientific. factors of numbers in scientific notation.
5.2 Place the common exponent in the result
of the subtraction.
Express the result in scientific notation
of the subtraction.

19
6. Multiplying numbers in notation 6.1 Correctly multiply the first
scientific. factors of numbers in scientific notation.
6.2 Multiply the powers correctly of
10 in the multiplication of numbers in
scientific notation.

20
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES FINAL EVALUATION
6.3 Express the result in scientific notation
of the subtraction.

Divide numbers in notation the first factors

scientific. correctly from numbers in notation
scientific.
7.2 Divide the powers of 10 correctly
the multiplication of numbers in notation
scientific.
7.3 Express the quotient in scientific notation
of numbers in scientific notation.

21
 Wisdom is an ornament in prosperity and
a refuge in adversity
Aristotle

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. CASTILLO, MOISÉS (2004). Physics Module for Fourth Year Experts. Institute
Official Night Professional and Technician of Azuero.

General Physics with Simple Experiments

Ed. Harla S. A. Mexico.

3. GENZER IRWIN AND YOUNGNER, PHILIP (1975). Physics. Cultural Publications S.A.
Mexico.

22
4. TIPPENS PAUL E. (1989). Physics concepts and Applications. McGraw Hill.
Mexico.

5. VILLEGAS M. AND RAMÍREZ R. (1989). Let's Investigate 10 Physics. Voluntad Publishing.

Colombia.

6. LAJON D. AND LAJON R. (2000) Mathematics 1. Scintech S. A. Publishing Panama.

7. ARIS JULIO AND SANTAMARÍA M. (2003). Physics, Leveling Course for the
Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics, and Communication.

23
 TEST

____________________________________10____date___________
Professor Value 49 points. Points Obtained:
The essence of wisdom is this: that no time spent on it is time wasted.
work.
Emerson.
GENERAL INDICATIONS.
 Be organized when working.
 No strike through, no repaint, nor much less use correction fluid.
 Work on the operations with a pencil. Be careful when erasing.

PART ONE. TRUE AND FALSE. Value 10 points

PUT ONE AHEAD OF THE CONCEPT CERTAIN AND ONE AHEAD OF
FALSE.
Based on the definition of Physics, affirm or deny which of the 5 indicated phenomena.
are studied by Physics.
The speed of a car.
The way the iron heats up.
The reason why some have blonde hair and others have dark hair.
Reason why a woman has twins.
How a camera captures our image.
Optics is the branch that studies light.
Heat is a subject of study in Acoustics.
The movements of bodies are studied by mechanics.
F The Heat is based on vision for its studies.
The sense of hearing is used by Acoustics.
PART II. LINEAR SPACES. Value 10 points
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT WORD OR WORDS.
Escribe 5 ramas de la Física: Mecánica, Calor o Termología __________, _____Acústica___,
Optics
List the sciences that emerged from Physics: ______Chemistry______________,
Biology
Geología

24
 PHYSICS TEST
PARTICIPANT____________________________________ ____date___________
Professor: Value 25 points. Points Obtained:
The essence of wisdom is this: that time spent on it is not wasted time.
work.
Emerson.
GENERAL INDICATIONS.
 Be organized when working.
 No streaks, no repainting, and certainly do not use correction fluid.
 Work on the operations with a pencil. Be careful when erasing.
PART ONE. TRUE AND FALSE. Value 8 points
PUT A D BEFORE THE CONCEPT CERTAIN AND AN A BEFORE THE
FALSE.
If when changing one magnitude the other also changes, we say that the relationship is a

function.

In the following item, indicate whether what is stated between the magnitudes Y and X is a direct proportion.
Oh no.
If multiplying a number by X, Y is also multiplied by that same number.
The product X And remains constant.
The Y vs. X graph is a line that passes through the origin.
As X increases, Y decreases.
The ratio Y/X remains constant.
R (cm) 10 20 30
Observe the table and answer. V(dm34.2 33.4 113
If R is doubled, does V also double?
If R triples, does V also triple?

PART II. FILL IN THE SPACES. Value 8 points

FILL IN THE BLANK SPACES WITH THE CORRECT WORD OR WORDS.

Depending on the relationship between the magnitudes, the different classes of functions
son: _____ Direct proportion. _, _ Linear variation.______,_____ Non-linear variation.___,
_____ Inverse relationships ___
Ways to express a direct proportion: ___X= K x Y____
_____ y= mx ____, ____ h=P _______, ______ t=d __________.

25
PART III. GRAPHING. Value 9 points.
GRAPH FROM THE TABLE OF VALUES; PLACE ALL
ELEMENTS OF THE GRAPH.
1. Draw the graph P vs. L. L(yds) 1 2 3 4
2. What relationship exists between P and L? P(B/) 4 8 12 16
L (yds)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5

What relationship exists between P and L?

It is evident that the relationship between P and L is directly proportional. The value of P increases with
An upward straight line on the graph indicates a positive linear relationship between the variables.
In this particular example, for every increase of 1 in L, P increases by 4 units.

26
 THREE-MONTH PHYSICS TEST.
_______________________________
Professor: Date: .
Points obtained:
Before starting any task, ask God to sanctify your effort.
Presocratics.
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS.
 Be organized when working.
 Do not erase, do not cross out, do not repaint, much less use correction fluid.
 Work on the operations with a pencil.

PART ONE. TRUE AND FALSE. VALUE 18 POINTS.

PLACE A V IN FRONT OF THE CONCEPT TRUE AND AN F IN FRONT OF THE
FALSE CONCEPT.
Based on the definition of Physics, affirm or deny which of the 5 indicated phenomena.
They are studied by Physics.
The speed of a car.
The way the iron heats up.
The reason why some have blonde hair and others have brown hair.
Reason why a woman has twins.
How a camera captures our image.

Optics is the branch that studies light.

Heat is a subject of study in Acoustics.
The motion of bodies is studied by mechanics.
The Heat uses vision for its studies.
The sense of hearing is used by Acoustics.
If changing one quantity also changes the other, we say that the relationship is a

function.

In the following items, indicate whether what is stated between the magnitudes Y and X is a direct proportion.
Oh no.
If multiplying a number by X, Y is multiplied by that same number.
The product X And remains constant.

27
The Y vs. X graph is a line that passes through the origin.
As X grows, Y decreases.
The quotient Y/X remains constant.
R (cm) 10 20 30
Observe the table and answer V(dm34.2 33.4 113
If R doubles, does V also double?
If R triples, does V also triple?

PART II. LENAR SPACES. Value 18 points

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT WORD OR WORDS.
Escribe 5 ramas de la Física: : Mecánica, Calor o Termología __________, _____Acústica___,
Optics
Enumera las ciencias que surgieron de la Física: ______Química______________,
_________Biología_____, ______Astronomía_________,
_______Geología_____, _________Ingeniería______.
Depending on the relationship that exists between the magnitudes, the different classes of functions.
son: _____ Direct proportion. _, _ Linear variation.______,_____ Non-linear variation.___,
_____ Inverse relationships ___
Ways to express a direct proportion: ___X= K x Y________,
__h=P_______, ______t=d_______, ___y= mx________.

PART III. SCIENTIFIC NOTATION. VALUE 20 POINTS.

Express the following numbers in scientific notation. (2 points)
645 000 000 000 =
0.000000000094 =
645,000,000,000 = 6.45 x 1011 0.000000000094 = 9.4 x 10-11

Transform the following numbers into their real form. (2 points)

6.42 x 106= 2.) 8 x 10-5=
6.42 times 106= 6.42 x 106 8 x 10-5= 8 x 10-5
0.00008
6,420,000

28
Solve the following operations and express the results in scientific notation. (16
points)
9 x 105+ 5.7 x 103+ 2.8 x 104 2.) (7.94 x 1073.82 x 105)
= 9 x 10^ + 5.7 x 103+ 2.8 x 104 = 7.94 x 107-0.0382 x 107
(9.0 x 105) + (0.057 x 105) + (2.8 x 104) (7.94 - 0.382) x 107
= 9.0 x 105+ 0.057 x 105+ 2.8 x 104 7.9018 x 107
9.0 x 105+ 0.057 x 105+ 0.28 x 105

(9.0 + 0.057 + 0.28) x 105

93,3705

3.) (9.78 x 108) (4,6 x 105)

(9.78 x 4.6) x (108x 105)

= 448,68 x 10(8+5)

= 448,68013

2,175 times 1010 2,175 1010

3,) = x 6 = 0.87 x 1010-6= 0.87 x 104=0.87 x 104
2.5x10 6 2.5 10

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PART III. GRAPHING. Value 9 points.
GRAPH FROM THE TABLE OF VALUES; PLACE ALL THE
ELEMENTS OF THE GRAPH.
1.) Draw the graph P vs. L. L(yds) 1 2 3 4
What relationship exists between P and L? P(B/) 4 8 12 16

L (yards)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5

What is the relationship between P and L?

The relationship between P and L is directly proportional. The value of P increases with L. A line
an upward slope on the graph indicates a positive linear relationship between the variables. In this
specific example, for each increase of 1 in L, P increases by 4 units.

The sum of wisdom lies in this: that time spent on it is not time wasted.
work. Emerson.

GOOD LUCK
.

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