Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines and Risks
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ScribdTranslationsLaboratory Biosafety Guidelines and Risks
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ScribdTranslationsExercise
1- The immunization of people who work in laboratories
Microbiology and the manipulation of infectious agents is one of the forms of containment.
Containment can also be used to prevent contact with
splashes of contaminating materials.
Considering the information presented and the various aspects related to
biosecurity, judge the following item.
According to biosafety principles, containment refers to methods of
safety measures adopted in the handling of infectious materials in a laboratory environment.
a) Right
b) Wrong
2- The RDC No. 302 of 2005, which provides for the technical regulation for
operation of clinical laboratories, specifies obligations regarding
to the biosafety instructions. The clinical laboratory and the collection site
laboratories must keep updated and make available to all employees,
written biosafety instructions, covering minimum items. Mark the
an alternative that DOES NOT present one of these minimum items.
a) Biological, chemical, physical, and occupational safety norms and conduct
environmental.
b) Instructions for use for personal protective equipment (PPE) and
collective protection (EPC).
c) Procedures in case of accidents and handling and transportation of material
biological sample.
d) Handling instructions for all equipment involved in the process of
conducting the exams.
Exercise
3- According to RDC No. 302/2005, which provides for the Technical Regulation for
operation of Clinical Laboratories, the level of safety achieved by
a set of actions aimed at preventing, controlling, reducing, or eliminating risks
inherent to activities that may compromise human, animal, and the
environment, we refer to as:
a) Calibration.
b) Biosafety.
c) Quality control.
d) Laboratory surveillance.
e) Control sample.
4- Regarding laboratory biosafety, evaluate the following item.
The decontamination process of a surface occurs through the elimination or
removal of microorganisms, chemicals, and radioactive materials; however,
only sterilization is capable of removing all classes of microorganisms,
including spores.
a) Sure
b) Wrong
These are safety methods used in the handling of infectious materials.
in a laboratory environment where they are being managed or maintained.
The above concept refers to a term used to describe methods of
security used in laboratories. Regarding this term, indicate the alternative
correct.
a) Biosafety
b) Containment
c) Risk control
d) Potential risk
e) Risk analysis
Exercise
Biosafety is a field of scientific knowledge that ethically discusses
the relationships between safe laboratory practice and related aspects
environmental and human security. The action strategies in Biosafety stem from
of risk prevention programs and policies in the laboratory and actions
preventive. In Brazil, the risks in work environments are distributed in
five categories. Regarding the definition and classification of risks, analyze the
the statements below:
I. Accident Risk is any factor that puts the worker in vulnerability and
can affect your integrity and your physical and mental well-being. An example of risk of
accident is the probability of fire.
II. Ergonomic risk is any factor that interferes with psychophysiological characteristics.
of the worker. An example of ergonomic risk is improper work posture.
III. Physical risk is any agent of various forms of energy that may be
exposed to the worker such as heat, noise, pressure, radiation, etc.
IV. Chemical Risk is any substance that can penetrate the organism of
worker through the respiratory route or who, due to the nature of the activity, of exposure, the
workers may come into contact with or absorb through the skin or by
ingestion. Examples include: dust, fumes, gases, mists, and vapors.
V. Biological risk is any microscopic agent of the virus or bacteria type. The
biological risk agents are classified into four classes, in descending order of
risk and criteria related to pathogenicity to humans.
7- Biosafety is a set of necessary measures for handling
adequate biological, chemical, genetic, physical agents (elements
radioactive, electricity, hot or pressurized equipment, instruments of
sharp or pointed edges, glassware among others, to prevent the occurrence of
accidents and consequently reduce the inherent risks of activities
developed, as well as protect the community and the environment and the
experiments. Analyze the statements about microorganisms and associate them
characteristics of risk groups 1, 2, 3, and 4.
I. Microorganisms that can cause serious diseases in humans and present a risk
elevated for the laboratory workers. They may pose risks of being spread to the
population, but for the diseases caused there are preventive and therapeutic measures
effective.
Micro-organisms that, until now, do not cause diseases in humans and that do not
they represent risks to the environment.
Exercise
III. Micro-organisms that cause severe human diseases and present high risk
for laboratory workers and for the general population. They are highly infectious agents.
that spread easily, potentially causing the death of infected people, as they do not
There are currently preventive measures or effective treatments.
IV. Microorganisms that can cause diseases in humans, but the exposure
laboratory rarely produces disease. Even so, there are for these diseases.
effective prophylactic and therapeutic measures.
a) Group I, item I / Group 2, item II / Group 3, item III / Group 4, item IV.
b) Group I, item II / Group 2, item IV / Group 3, item III / Group 4, item I.
c) Group I, item IV / Group 2, item III / Group 3, item II / Group 4, item I.
d) Group I, item II / Group 2, item III / Group 3, item I / Group 4, item IV.
e) Group I, item II / Group 2, item IV / Group 3, item I / Group 4, item III.
8- Regarding laboratory biosafety, mark the INCORRECT statement.
a) When using the Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC), the doors must be kept
the open windows.
b) Try to handle chemicals on a tray to prevent
spills in case of bottle breakage.
c) Do not handle door handles, phones, cabinet pulls, or other objects of
common use of gloves during the execution of your activities.
d) When working with biological material, one should start from the principle that the
the material is contaminated and always use the necessary PPE for your
security.
Exercise
The handling of equipment and materials in laboratories always presents
risks, however these risks can be minimized, when working with
care and responsibility. Within this context, biosafety brings regulations
and recommendations that guide care in the laboratory environment, among others
they are the usual disinfection procedures. In this perspective, it is
true reveal oneself that:
a) disinfection is a procedure for the inactivation of materials with moist heat
and high pressure.
the use of 70% alcohol is extremely effective for skin disinfection,
equipment, workbenches, floors, glassware and lab coats and promotes inactivation
biological material chemistry.
c) the 1% sodium hypochlorite is used only for chemical inactivation of
biological material.
d) sterilization is a procedure for the decontamination of utensils
laboratory, as well as for the inactivation of material for disposal.
e) the disinfection of glassware, equipment, and workbenches can occur with water and
soap.
10-Due to the various risks present in different types of laboratories, it is necessary to
It is necessary, then, that there is a signaling in these environments indicating such
risks and their likelihood of occurring in order to ensure biosafety of the
environment. There are different forms of signaling in the laboratory, ranging from
classic symbols, such as the biological hazard symbol itself, risk maps
and the use of different colors.
Choose the correct alternative regarding the use of the color red in relation to
laboratory biosafety.
a) red color is used to indicate corrosive reagents and fragile glassware that
they can cause damage when misused.
b) The red color can be used to distinguish and indicate equipment and
fire protection and combat devices and can also be used
Exercise
exceptionally for warning of danger, as in switch buttons of
electric circuits.
c) The red color can be used to indicate pipelines, to identify
non-liquefied gases and also to indicate caution, marking, for example,
guardrails, handrails, A-frames and smooth floor signage.
d) The red color is used to signal walkways and circulation corridors,
location of drinking fountains, waste collectors and areas designated for
storage.
e) The red color is used to indicate the pipelines for flammable materials and
high viscosity fuels, such as lubricating oil.
11-Who works in laboratories is always exposed to risks, however the
Most accidents can be avoided by paying attention to the methods of use.
and the hazard symbols on the reagents. The hazard symbols are pictograms,
images that represent objects or concepts only through drawings.
Created by the Globally Harmonized System (GHS), the hazard symbols
they emerged with the aim of defining the specific hazards of each product
Chemical. In Brazil, since 1998, there has been a law to specify the danger of each
chemical product, whether using the GHS system or through other types
as a notice. In the table below, establish the CORRECT association between the
symbol, its characteristic and the precautions with its use.
Exercise
Select the option that indicates the CORRECT correlation.
a) A III 1 / B IV 3 / C II 4 / D I 2
b) A III 3 / B II 1 / C I 4 / D IV 2
c) A II 2 / B IV 1 / C III 3 / D I 4
IV 2
e) A I 4 / B III 2 / C IV 1 / D II 3
In laboratories, there are various types of toxic substances. To avoid and
to minimize accidents, it is necessary to acquire knowledge about
transport, handling, and storage of these substances. In this sense,
the Brazilian standards NR-26 of the Ministry of Labor have been implemented,
which deals with the signaling of signs and warnings, and piping in laboratories, and
the ABNT/7.500 and ABNT/14.725 standards, regarding hazard and handling symbols
regarding the transport and storage of hazardous materials. Associate the two
columns, relating the symbols to their meanings.
Exercise
The CORRECT sequence of this association is:
a) E, B, C, D, A, F.
b) B, C, A, F, E, D.
c) E, A, F, B, D, C.
d) E, A, D, B, F, C.
e) C, A, B, E, D, F.