01 PASSAGE
The Earth is the fifth largest planet in the solar
system smaller than the four giant planetsJupiter,
Uranus, and Neptune-but larger than the rocky nlanets Sarurn,
of its surtace ls cOvered with water, primarily in oceans Mercury, Mars, and Venus. Approximately 1%
and about 20% of its atmosphere cons1sts of xYYN
produced by plants.
While orbiting the Sun, Earth spins on an avis fron the North Pole to the South Pole. It takes about 23.954
hours to complete a rotation and 365.26 days to revolve around the Sun. The Earth's axis is tilted relative
to the cclipPre plane, causing scasconal changes as different hemispheres receive varying amounts of sunlight
throughout the year.
Earths orbit iselliptical rather than circular, making it slightly closer to the Sun in January and farrher away in
July. This variation has a minor effect compared to the impact of its axial tilt on climate.
Scientists believe Earth formed around 4.6billion years ago from a rotating cloud of gas and dust known as
the solar nebula. As this nebula collapsed under oravity, it spun faster and flattened into a disk, with material
coalescing to form the Sun and other planetary bodies.
The Earths magnetic field is generated by currents in its outer core. The magnetic North Pole is moving
Siberia in a few decades.
northward at approximately 40 km per vear and mav exit North America for
Title: EARTH IN THE SOLAR SrsTEM
KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS & SYMBOLS
NoTES:
Earth's Position NP North Pole
1.
South Pole
1.1 5th largest planet SP
1.2 Size comparison: 02 Oxygen
1.2.1 < Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune yrs years
1.2.2 > Mercury, Mars, Venus hrs hours
1.3 71% water coverage approximately
atmosphere
1.4 02 constitutes 20% of
2. Movement on Axis
to SP
2.1 Axis runs from NP
hrs
2.2 Rotation: 23.934
2.3 Revolution: 365.26 days
3. EclipticPlane
sunlight distribution
3.1 Tilted axis affects
3.2 Results in:
amounts
3.2.1 Varying light
3.2.2 Different seasons
Earth's Orbit
4.1 Oval-shaned ellipse
4.2 Proximitv to Sun varies seasonally
Formation
5.1 Formed -4.6 billion Vrs ago
5.2 Originated from solar nebula collapse
Magnetic Field
6.1 Generated bv outer core currents
6.2 Magnetic North Pole moving northward (-40 km/year)
UMMARY
The Earth is the fifh largest planet in the solar system, with 71% of its surface covered by water and 20% of its
tmosphere composed of oxygen. It rotates on an axis and orbits the Sun in an elliptical path. Formed around
4.6 billion years ago from a solar nebula, it has a dynamic magneticfield influenced by
currents in its out
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