THREE COLUMN NOTES
Student name & class code: Nguyen Thuy Vy - 24006948
Individual project topic: Air pollution in Vietnamese major cities is a growing health concern. What
comprehensive solutions can address and reduce air pollution level?
Sources (Who? When? Where?) Notes (What do they Comments (Why? How does this
say?) apply? So what?)
Nguyen, L. S. P., Hian-Wui Chang, J., Griffith, S. - First study to report - Because it highlights external
transboundary air sources of air pollution affecting
M., Hien, T. T., Soon-Kai Kong, S., Le, H. pollution (LRT) from HCMC, not just local emissions.
other countries (e.g., - Shows that regional cooperation is
N., Huang, H.-Y., Sheu, G.-R., & Lin, N.-H. Indonesia) affecting necessary to address air pollution.
Southern Vietnam. - Policy implications: Vietnam may
(2022). Trans-boundary air pollution in a - Climate change could need to collaborate with Indonesia
enhance the impacts of and ASEAN nations on cross-border
Southeast Asian megacity: Case studies of Indonesia’s biomass pollution control measures.
burning (BB) on
the synoptic meteorological mechanisms Vietnam's air quality. This source might be used in the
- Ho Chi Minh City problem context, and solution.
and impacts on air quality. Atmospheric (HCMC) has poor air
quality, worsened over the
Pollution Research, 13(4), 101366. last two decades due to
increased anthropogenic
[Link] emissions (e.g., traffic,
industry).
Nguyen, V. S., Vu, H. N. K., Nguyen, T. T., Huynh, - HCMC is a major -Since it suggests that both traffic
economic hub but suffers control measures and industrial
T. T. N., & Ho, Q. B. (2023). Identify from serious air pollution. regulations are needed to reduce
- The presence of emissions.
Primary Air Pollution Sources of BTEX by benzene, toluene, - Health implications: Exposure to
ethylbenzene, and xylene BTEX is linked to respiratory
Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF): (BTEX) has rarely been diseases, cancer, and other health
studied. risks.
A Case Study of Ho Chi Minh City, - Main sources of BTEX - Policy recommendations:
emissions: Strengthening vehicle emissions
Vietnam. Archives of Environmental - Traffic and standards, promoting public
photochemical reactions transport, and stricter regulations on
Contamination and Toxicology, 85(3), (42.7%) industrial zones.
- Industrial activities
263–276. (40.5%) This study can be used as a reference
- The study was for mitigation solutions to reduce the
[Link] conducted at Tan Binh BTEX emission in HCMC.
Industrial Park, showing
high concentrations of
BTEX compounds.
Tran, L. L., Pham, A. L., Do, M. D., Nguyen, Q. N., - Sputum samples from - Because this study linked traffic
children exposed to pollution to biological health effects
Ngo, H. K. T., Hong, Nguyen, V. N., Phung, pollution showed in children.
macrophages with carbon - Suggests that black carbon
D., Sly, P. D., & Thai, P. K. (2024). deposits, indicating high pollution, mainly from vehicle
air pollution exposure. emissions, is a serious issue in
Assessing the impact of individual exposure - Alveolar macrophage HCMC.
black carbon (AMBC) - The lack of correlation with lung
to air pollution via biomarkers in sputum of levels were linked to high function does not mean black carbon
traffic exposure. is harmless—long-term effects still
children in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. - Most children wore need more research.
masks outdoors, which - Policy implications:
Environmental Pollution, 125544–125544. may have helped mitigate - Promoting low-emission
some effects of air vehicles and expanding green public
[Link] pollution. transport.
- Encouraging mask-wearing as a
4 short-term protective measure.
- Urban planning improvements
to reduce exposure to traffic-related
pollution.
This source might be used in the
problem context, and solution.
Yu, Y., Yamaguchi, K., Thuy, T. D., & Kittner, N. Surveyed 294 households - Because it suggests that public
in Ho Chi Minh City to awareness of air pollution increases
(2022). Will the public in emerging measure willingness to willingness to invest in cleaner
pay (WTP) for renewable energy.
economies support renewable energy? energy. - Supports policies promoting
- Public perception of air renewable energy subsidies and
Evidence from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. quality was a key factor public campaigns to encourage green
influencing WTP. energy use.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, - Vietnam’s WTP for - Economic implications: High WTP
renewable energy is suggests potential market demand for
169, 112942. higher than many renewable energy in HCMC, which
emerging economies. could attract investment.
[Link] - Policy recommendations:
- Government incentives for solar
and wind energy adoption.
- Public awareness campaigns to
further boost support for renewable
energy.
This source might be used in the
problem context, and solution
(renewable energy)