Part 2 Material and Matter Grade: 5th

Chapter 4 Environmental Pollution

Fill in the blanks.
i. The environment has an effect on all living things.
ii. Materials which do not decompose can be recycled.
iii. Land pollution is the pollution of the earth.
iv. Air pollution is the contamination of air by toxic substance.
v. Water is essential for all the life on earth.
vi. Air pollution is damaging the ozone layer.
vii. A biodegradable material is a living thing.
Fill the relevant bubble against each question according to the curriculum.
Question A B C D A B C D
i. Which of the following is A potato A pen An elastic
A plastic bottle
biodegradable? peel band
ii. What does it mean if something It will It will not It is good for It will not cause
is non- biodegradable? decompose decompose environment pollution
iii. Which of the following cause Burning
smoke All of them Exhaust fumes
air pollution? coal
Using toxic
iv. Which of the flowering cause Burning Throwing
All of these chemicals
water pollution? fossil fuel rubbish
plant
v. Which of the following is not
reap reduce recycle reuse
one of the three RS?
Write the answer of the following questions.
Q. Define the following terms?
A. Environment: The environment is everything around you; environment also refers to the natural world.
Pollution: The contamination of air, water or soil by substances that is harmful to living organisms.
Q. Define land pollution.
A: Land pollution is the pollution of the earth by solid and liquid waste which is produced as a result of
human activities.
Q. Write the name of natural disasters.
A: i. Floods
ii. Fires
iii. Landslides
iv. Earthquakes
Q. Write the effects of a water pollution.
A: Polluted water is very harmful for human health. It can spread infectious diseases such as, Cholera and
Typhoid fever.
Q. Write some causes of air pollution.
A: Some of the main causes of air pollution are smoke, traffic, coal, gas fossil fuels etc
Answer the following questions in detail.
Q. Write the difference between reduce, reuse and recycle.
A: Reduce: If we reduce the amount of thing we buy and use we will have less to throw away.
Reuse: Keep using the some things as many times as we can.
Recycle: Find new ways to use old things, paper, plastic glass etc.
Q. What is meant by biodegradable waste or non-biodegradable waste?
A: Biodegradable: This is nature on way of recycling materials. We call such materials bio-degradable.
Non-biodegradable: When something cannot decompose or decay for many years, we call it non-
biodegradable.
 Chapter 5 Physical and Chemical Changing of Matter
Fill in the blanks.
i. Anything which has mass and occupies space is called matter.
ii. The amount of matter in an object is called its mass. 3. Solids have a definite shape.
iii. Particles of solids are usually arranged in a regular pattern.
iv. On absorbing heat, a solid changes into a gas. known as sublimation.
v. A change of state is also known as a physical change. vi. Ice is the solid state of water.
Fill the relevant bubble against each question according to the curriculum.
Question A B C D A B C D
i. Butter going soft on a hot day is boiling
melting freezing colding
an example of:
2. Which of these is not an piece of
sound tea light
example of matter? paper
iii. Which of these is an example burning of cocking tearing of
baking
of a physical change? paper meet paper
iv. Chemical changes are usually invisible reversible soluble irreversible
water
v. Clouds are formed by sunlight condensing mass
vapour
vi. Liquid changes into a gas
freezing evaporation boiling melting
when it is heated called
vii. Physical changes are reversible irreversible invisible chemical
viii. The substance that dissolve is
solute vacuum solvent mass
called

Answer the following questions briefly.

Q. What do you understand by physical change?
A: A physical change of matter means a temporary change. In these changes only the state of matter
changes. No new substance is formed. It can easily be reversed to its original state.
Examples: i. Boiling milk/water
Q. Define melting.
A: A solid change in to a liquid when it is heated, this is called melting.
Q. Define evaporation.
A: A liquid change into a gas when it absorb heat from its surrounding. This is called evaporation.
Q. Define condensation.
A: A gas change intoa liquid if it is cooled. This is called condensation.
Q. What is meant by sublimation?
A: When a solid changes into a gas wihout becoming a liquid first the process is called sublimation
Answer the following questions in detail.
Q. Describe three different states of water.
A: Three states of water:
Solid to liquid —— melting
A solid changing into a liquid when it is heated. This is called melting.
Liquid to solid —— freezing
A liquid changes into a solid when it is cooled. This is called freezing.
Gas to liquid —— condensation
A gas changes into a liquid if it cooled. This is called condensation.
Q. What is difference between strong and weak concentrations of simple solution?
A: A simple solution is when you mix coffee granules with hot water. If you mixed a lot of coffee with the
water it will have a higher concentration (amount) of coffee (the solute) in the water (the solvent) a solvent
with not much solute in it said to be weak.
 Q. Differentiate between chemical and physical changes.
A:
Chemical Change: Physical Change
Permanent change Temporary change
A new substance is formed No new substance is formed
Irreversible Reversible
Brings about a change in both chemical Brings about a change in the physical
& physical properties properties
The constituents of the new substance The constituents of the new substance
cannot be restored to their original states can be restored to their original states

Labe the diagram:

Part 3 Forces, Energy and Machines

Unit 6a Light
Q. Fill in the blanks?
i. The sun is our main source of natural light. ii. The moon is not luminous.
iii. When light strikes any surface it is reflected. iv. Shadow is formed on the side of opaque object
v. The properties of light that travel in straight line called rays
Fill the relevant bubble against each question according to the curriculum.
Question A B C D A B C D
i. Which of the following is not A candle
The sun A lightbulb Tourch
an artificial source of light?
2. luminous object is an object Gives out Gives out Does not give
Bends light
which: light light out light
Light passing
An opaque obect Light shining
iii. Shadows are formed by: The moon through an
blocking light from an object
object
iv. . Light travels in: Waves spiral Curves A straight line
v. Which of the following is a A sheet of A sheet of
Wood A brick
translucent material? clear glass metal

Write the answer of the following question briefly.

Q. What are natural and artificial sources of light?
A. Natural light: is not man-made such as sun.
Artificial light: is man-made such as lamp, candles.
Q. Give two examples of opaque objects?
A. steel, wood and the rock are example of opaque objects.
Q. In your own words explain how a shadow is formed.
A. A shadow is formed when light rays are blocked by an object. The shadow appears on the side of the
object opposite the light.
 Q. What kind of materials is translucent?
A. Materials which only allow a little light through them are translucent.
Q. What do you understand by the word transparent?
A. The word transparent refers to objects through which light can pass.
Q. Name five luminous things?
A. A number of things such as the Sun, lamps, lights, stars, candle, torch, etc.
Q. List some type of transparent material.
A: There are two types of transparent materials.
i. Opaque materials ii. Translucent material
Q. What is the fastest thing in the universe?
A: Light is the fastest thing the universe. It travels at 300,000km per second.
Unit 6b Sound
i. The volume of sound is measured in decibels.
ii. The number of vibration per second is called frequency.
iii. The number of vibration is measured in units called hertz
iv. Sound of over 130 decibels can cause a pain v. Sound travels fastest through a solid medium.
Fill the relevant bubble against each question according to the curriculum.
Question A B C D A B C D
i. Which is the following A Jet engine A Jet engine
Birdsong whispering
sound might cause us pain? far away close by
ii. The volume of sound is
noise decibels hertz frequency
measured in:
iii. The particles of which of
the following materials are Brick Juice Air water
closest to each other:
iv. The thin piece of material
speaker diaphragm amplifier diagram
in a microphone is called a: `
v. Sound waves cannot travel
solid liquid gases vacuum
through:
Q. Define the following Term? A. Sound: is produced by vibration. Sound travel in waves
Pitch: refers to how low or high a sound is.
Q. Name three kinds of noise pollution.
i. Transport noise ii. Neighbourhood noise iii. Industrial noise
Q. Explain in your own words what is difference between music and noise?
A. Music Noise
Music is a sound that Noise is unwanted sound considered unpleasant,
produce a pleasing sensation loud or disruptive to hearing.

Q. Define diaphragm.
A: Microphone contain a thin piece of plastic, paper or metal called a diaphragm.
Q. What is the name of a lighter shadow? A: The name of a lighter shadow is penumbra.
Answer the following questions in detail. Activity:

Q. Write the ways in which we reduce noise pollution?

A. people reduce noise pollution by using carpets and
curtains to reduce the harsh sound in their homes.
Use earplugs, and lower the volume of Television, radio
and headphones
People put barriers around building sites and road works.
Q. Explain why sound cannot travel in a vacuum?
A. sound does not travel at all in space. The vacuum of
outer space has essentially zero air because is just vibrating
air, space has no vibrate and therefore no sound.