Round I. Аудіювання, 11 клас.

Текст

Different Stages of Friendship

I have had experience where I felt closeness with a person who I had just met, and we were
able to become friends instantly as we had known each other for a long time. I can tell that person a
soul mate because I felt my soul drawn to him or her for no reason and irrespective of sex, age, and
race. I have a friend, Kaori, who I met just once nine years ago, and I remember vividly what we
did and talked about even though I don’t remember her face clearly any more. However, we had
kept in touch with each other to this day. An event like this happens only occasionally in our lives
because it usually takes times to become friends and to cultivate friendships. For that reason, we
have different kinds of friendships,depending usually on how long we have known the friends. The
process of making friends can be divided into three stages: new friends and acquaintances, true
friends, and best friends.
There are many reasons why people become friends such as feeling of familiarity, having
things in common, or having the same experience. For example, when I was taking an English class,
I had many classmates, but I could not get to know everyone. Some of them became my friends
because they were friendly and easy to talk to, because we spent time doing together something
together in class, or because we had the same purpose: a desire to improve my English. However,
some of them remained only acquaintances because we didn’t keep in touch after the course without
definite reasons. They were friends at that time only, and the reasons for this that come to mind are
that we led busy lives and that we didn’t have much in common because of no longer being
classmates. However, we shared qualities of friendship such as warmth and encouraging one
another at that time although we were only acquaintances.
Moving on the second stage, a true friendship would be a deeper relationship; it is natural
for us to be true friends if we spend time together and get to know one another. For instance, some
of my former classmates are still my friends, and we sometimes have lunch, go shopping or talk on
the phone even though we are not classmates any more. We are becoming true friends and building
friendship because we are getting to know each other better gradually on account of spending time
together. As a result, we have trust, understanding, and affection in our friendships.
While cultivating a friendship, you might find a best friend whom you can confide in, whom
you do all you can for without expecting anything in return, and whom you sacrifice your time or
energy for willingly if he or she needs you. A best friend will accept and respect you, keep
confidences, and be loyal to you. When you can get a friendship like this, it is not too much to say
that you are fortunate, for it is difficult to find a best friend. This is so because it is hard to accept
and respect differences in feelings, thoughts, and personalities, and also because we are afraid to
reveal to ourselves. Fortunately, my best friend, Mikako, and I got over these difficulties. For
example, we know each other’s shortcomings, and if necessary, we advise each other to mend them.
However, we can accept them because we know each other very well, so they are not serious
problems in our friendship. Also we confide in each other and share our personal events and
feelings no matter whether they are good or bad. We want to listen to each other’s opinions even if
we disagree or disapprove of them because we accept and respect each other, and we know we
value each other’s opinions.
We have different kinds of friendship parts of our life, but not all friendships last forever.
However, they are parts of our lives and our memories even though some of them are only
acquaintances. While building friendship, we learn and benefit from our friends through their
encouragements, affection, support, trust, and kindness. When we have a good relationship with
someone, it makes us feel happy and joyful. And friendship makes us more human as it helps us to
realize that others have the same needs as we do that friendship fills. In the end, friendship helps us
to see how precious life is and why we are living.
Round I. Аудіювання, 11 клас.

Directions:
In this Test you will carefully listen to a text read aloud twice. The text is followed by 20 tasks.
You should do tasks 1 through 10 following the first reading of the text on the basis of what is
stated or implied in the text. The text will be read a second time and you should do tasks 11
through 20 following the second reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in
the text. For each task you will choose from four possible answers (A, B, C or D), or two
letters (T/F (True or False) as specified prior to each task.

Завдання 1. Task 1.
Decide which statements are true (T) and which are false (F).

1. Becoming friends usually depends on a set of different factors.

2. It is more common to become best friends after quite a while.
3. Keeping in touch is essential for friendship.
4. Warm feelings are not necessarily the sign of friendship only.
5. True friendship does not imply knowing each other better.
6. Being a best friend puts certain obligations on a person.
7. People are very likely to display their selves in public
8. Not all range of possible topics is open for discussion between best friends.
9. It happens that people change friends with the flow of time.
10. Friendships normally help people understand themselves rather than others.
Аудіювання, 11 клас
Завдання 2. Directions: Questions 11 through 20 (choose the correct letter a, b, c or d):

11. The author claims it is possible:

a) to become friends without seeing each other;
b) to become friends at first glance;
c) to become friends dependently of race;
d) to become friends only while studying together.
12. The situation with Kaori is viewed by the author as something:
a) a quite typical; b) not unusual;
c) rather rare; d) absolutely impossible.
13. According to the text, what affects the type of friendship most is:
a) time; b) place;
c) distance; d) age.
14. Among the reasons for becoming friends the author does not mention:
a) having somewhat similar events in lives;
b) having the same values in life;
c) being somewhat alike;
d) feeling that you have known the person before.
15. Being real friends requires:
a) leading busy lives; b) being together in class;
c) sharing a purpose; d) doing something together.
16. To build a true friendship it is absolutely necessary:
a) to eat out together; b) to have long telephone conversations;
c) to buy things together; d) to find out more about each other.
17. According to the author, best friends will most likely be:
a) unselfish; b) confident;
c) unexpected; d) energetic.
18. It is absolutely necessary for best friends:
a) to be tolerant; b) to be hard;
c) to be fortunate; d) to be different.
19. It is more probable that the author is from:
a) Turkey; b) the USA;
c) the United Kingdom; d) Japan.
20. The text states that friendships help people:
a) develop a better understanding of others;
b) get a material benefit from their friends;
c) support themselves;
d) enjoy their own kindness.
ROUND II. Читання, 11 клас
Directions: In this Test you will read three texts. Each text is followed by 5 tasks. You should
do the tasks following the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in that text. For each
task you will choose the best possible answer from four possible answers (A, B, C or D) or two
letters (T/F (True or False)) as specified prior to each task.
Text 1 Parents Must Challenge High School Culture
Recent tragedies remind us of how dark and terrible a place high school can
be to some of our children if they are made to believe that they do not fit in. The high school years
coincide with the tremendous physical and social changes of adolescence. Changes to one’s voice
and body and shape that cause powerful feelings of self-consciousness and self-doubt.
In order to cope with these anxieties, teens are quick to form subcultures that assure them
they are not alone. These little groups then adopt behavior, speech patterns and tastes in clothes and
music that they use as criteria by which to judge who is “in” and who is “out”. These cliques are
both the cause and the cure of teenager insecurity.
Any high school will contain numerous sub-cultures, such as jock, Goths,metal-heads,
preppies or skaters. The names might vary but everyone in the school will know who belongs
where. Each group will have an “Alpha male” (a boy who is the undisputed leader), and perhaps an
“Alpha female” too.
In the world of high school there will be those who are respected and those who are widely
hated, and most kids will learn it is best not to stick out. Athletic skill gives prestige to male
students, the library club does not. Conventional physical beauty and a good fashion sense are prize
qualities for females. Girls are allowed by their peers to get good marks, but being an intelligent
boy can be a disadvantage. A strong anti-intellectual current exists in most high schools.

Task 1: Choose the variant (a, b or c)

Questions 1 through 5 refer to Text 1.
[Link] article states that some schoolchildren...
a) don’t go to school;
b) don’t wear bright clothes to school;
c) don’t feel safe at school;.
2. The article is based on some...
a) publications;
b) incidents;
c) quotations.
[Link] affects high school students is...
a) hormonal body changes
b) changes in the curriculum;
c) changes in school regulations;
[Link] to the article, the physical body changes may result in...
a) low self-esteem;
b) poor appearance;
c) bad behavior;.
[Link] is probable that most teenagers will NOT...
a) wear bright clothes;
b) attend beauty shops;
c) strive for academic awards.
Читання, 11 клас
Questions 6 through 10 refer to Text 2.
Text 2 A degree in what?
How many people in the world have a university degree in enigmatology? Well, not many.
As a matter of fact, the number of enigmatology graduates in the whole world is just one: a man
whose job it is to design puzzles for newspapers and magazines.
American Will Shortz is an author and crossword editor. He has worked on over a hundred
books, and he owns the world’s largest collection of puzzle books and magazines. The oldest title in
his collection was published in 1545! And because his work is also his hobby, he has always been
interested in learning as much as possible about the subject.
Obviously, because he is the only enigmatologist in the world, there were no university
professors who could teach him an established course of studies. He did not go to lectures and
classes like his fellow students. Shortz designed his own research programme, which the university
accepted, and he completed his course and received his bachelor’s degree from Indiana University
in 1974.
So the question remains, what exactly is enigmatology? It is the study of puzzles: their
types, their history, and their popularity. It’s a mixture of history, maths, logic and cultural studies.
There were some people who criticised the university for offering a course in such a strange
subject, and they were also critical of Shortz, claiming that he had taken advantage of Indiana
University’s flexibility. But Shortz has his fans too, such as the former US president Bill Clinton.
He sent Shortz a personal note on his 50th birthday because he loves the New York Times
crossword, which Shortz edits. Shortz has also been a guest on several television shows, including
an episode of the famous cartoon The Simpsons, and the comedy series How I Met Your Mother,
where he played himself.

Task 2: Statements (decide if the statements are True or False):

6. Shortz’s occupation is to write puzzles for university graduates.

7. Shortz has worked on all the titles in his collection.
8. Shortz did original research and graduated from an American university.
9. Some people didn’t think enigmatology was an appropriate university course.
10. Bill Clinton sent Shortz a note on his birthday because they’re friends.
Читання, 11 клас
Statements 11 through 15 refer to Text 3
Text 3 Solar energy
Solar technology is one of the many ways in which you can reduce your ecological footprint and cut
costs on your utility bills at the same time. Currently, many companies, factories and even homes are
powered by photovoltaic installations. Photovoltaics (PV) is a form of solar technology that produces
electicity from sunlight without the use of batteries or other electrical devices. Photovoltaic panels or
cells that are attached to the roof of a building collect the sunlight and turn it into electricity. These
panels are fitted onto a roof individually, but the warmth of the sun helps to secure the panels to the
roof making it weather-resistant. PV is rapidly gaining in popularity and is probably the fastest
growing source of alternative energy.
Where to see practical applications of PV
Go see the Oakland University public demonstration project at 4000 Meadowbrook Drive. The
university installed a photovoltaic roof on one of their student apartment buildings. The roof is
split into four parts in order to face north, south, east and west to maximise exposure to sunlight. It
collects light from the sun and turns it into energy and is also aesthetically pleasing to look at. The
power that is not used by the photovoltaic apartment building is then fed to other buildings on the
campus. In this way, just one building with the photovoltaic system is able to power several other
buildings that have not installed this type of technology. On the other hand, on cloudy days when
the sunlight is not adequate to power the building, the photovoltaic building is able to feed off the
power from other buildings that it is ‘connected’ to. There is no electricity bill and never a
shortage of hot water!
How PV benefits you and the environment!
Using photovoltaics is good for the environment because this kind of energy doesn’t create any
pollution. Without any effort, the use of this system, as opposed to other forms of energy, helps the
environment. The cost of buying and installing a photovoltaic system depends on the size of the house
and the amount of available sunlight, and while the initial cost may seem high, in the long run it will
pay for itself by eliminating electricity bills. In addition, photovoltaic systems have low maintenance
costs.
Читання, 11 клас
Statements 11 through 15 refer to Text 3
Завдання [Link] 3: Questions (choose the correct letter a, b, c or d):
11. Photovoltaic panels convert sunlight
a. into heat.
b. into electricity.
c. by using batteries.
d. by using a special device.

12. What makes the panels weather-resistant?

a. special cells
b. PV technology
c. the warmth of the sun
d. electricity

13. What is at 4000 Meadowbrook Drive?

a. a solar apartment building
b. Oakland University
c. a venue for public demonstrations
d. the Alternative Energy Commission

14. What is done with extra power not used by the photovoltaic apartment building?
a. It is given to other buildings with similar technology.
b. It is given to other university buildings.
c. It powers another apartment building.
d. It is saved for cloudy days.

15. Photovoltaic technology

a. is environmentally friendly.
b. has low installation costs.
c. may be expensive to maintain.
d. may not be effective depending on the size of the house.
ROUND III. Творча письмова робота, 11 клас

Directions:
In this Test you will select from the three tasks written on the board one which you feel you
are most capable to write about. You will then begin writing your essay on the pages
provided. When you are finished close your papers, lay down your pen and wait for us to
collect your test materials.

1. In these times of growing urbanisation there are people who choose to escape from cities and
live a simpler, cleaner life. How can you personally help the environment? Prove that small changes
can add up.

2. Comment on the quotation “Stop comparing yourself to other people, just choose to be happy and
live your own life.” (Roy T. Bennett).

3. ”The only way to do great work is to love what you do” Steve Jobs.
Do you think you could find your true vocation in life?
ROUND IV. Усне мовлення, 11 клас.
In this Test you will choose from 20 topics to speak about. Each number corresponds to
one topic. The number of your choice is the theme of your oral presentation. Take about a
minute to collect your thoughts before you begin to speak on the topic.

1. The Earth is our home but our planet doesn’t belong to us.
Some people believe that the Earth is being damaged by human activity.
Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live.
What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

2. ”To travel is to live”.Hans Christian Andersen.

Comment on the quotation and be specific.
Why do people travel?
Can travelling be a form of self-education?

3. “International education secures the future”- Steven Pifer

Have you ever considered studying abroad?
If yes,which country would you choose ?
How can this experience benefit you?

4. What does the saying “healthy body, healthy mind” mean?

How would you describe a physically fit person?
What are the ways to reduce stress and anxiety?
How do you take care of your mind, body and spirit?

5. Success in life means money.

Do you agree with this statement?
Would you like to be famous and why/why not?
What is the price of fame in your opinion?

6. Imagine that you have been asked to go on a speaking tour to teach people about
Ukraine.
Which three countries would you go to? Why?
What items would you bring to show people?
How do these represent Ukraine?

7. Sports are played and televised all over the world.

Why do you think people pay huge sums of money to attend events or see their favourite
teams or games?.
Do you agree that sports obviously have a universal appeal?
What is your attitude to sports?

8. All of us have personal goals and dreams that we want to come true. But life presents
many challenges that can make it difficult and prevent us from achieving our dream.
Do you have a goal or dream you want to make come true?
What challenges have you encountered or continue to encounter in trying to make your
dream come true?
What motivates you to move on when things become too difficult?

9. ”When money speaks, the truth is silent.”

Agree or disagree with the statement.
Isn’t the role of money overestimated in our modern society?
Does a lot of money really make you happy?
10 In your opinion, what are the 21st century skills ?
Is it just about practical skills or some personal qualities as well?
What is a very important skill a person should learn in order to be successful in the world
today?
Choose one skill and use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

11. What do you think the best age to start thinking about one’s future career is?
What career path do you want to follow? Why?
Do you think that career counselling helps students to decide on a career?
What facilities should schools/colleges provide for students?

12. Imagine you have a chance to introduce changes into school curriculum and limit the
number of subjects in high school.
Give your list of compulsory subjects and justify your choice.
Suggest some optional lessons for teenagers. Explain your choice.
Do you think school leavers would benefit from this decision?

13. Some people think that the family is the most important influence on young adults.
What do you consider to be a family?
There are more and more divorces and single-parent families; how is this affecting today's
youth?
If you could make some changes to strengthen the family in today's culture, what would you do?

14. Should students be allowed to have cell phones in school?

Explain your view.
Give specific reasons and examples.
Do you think that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

15. Many parents fear that children who spend hours glued to the computer or phone
screens will end up as zombies.
Do the tools we use change the way we think and act?
Is the behavior of younger generation shaped by digital technology?
What are the risks of social networking?

16. Each country takes pride in its own achievements and success.
What in particular makes you proud of your nation?
What national traits do you consider to be special?
What is your attitude to the situation in our country at present?

17. A teenager’s life can often be more difficult than their parents suspect.
What real problems do teenagers face today?
What can you say about generation gaps between you and your parents?
Do you feel that teenagers need to show more respect to older generations? Why?

18. Social networking websites are incredibly popular, but some are concerned that young
people are being too free with their personal information.
What information about yourself are you comfortable with sharing on the Internet.
Do you think people are being careless about their private lives?
What are the possible consequences, good or bad, of so much online sharing?
19. ”Volunteers are ordinary people with extraordinary hearts”.
Give your opinion about “volunteer work”.
What motivates Ukrainians to volunteer ?
Is volunteer movement important for the community?

20. Ukraine is a nation with a long and glorious history. It can be proud of its cultural
traditions and talented people.
Describe some of the things which you find fascinating about your native country.
What traditions and people are you most proud of?
Do you agree that geography was generous to Ukraine, but history was not?