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Understanding Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic rocks are formed through changes in form due to pressure, volume, and temperature conditions. The process involves recrystallization and structural changes without melting, and can be classified into foliated and non-foliated types. Key causes of metamorphism include tectonic processes, contact with molten magma, and pressure from overlying rocks.

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Anjani kumar Rai
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8 views2 pages

Understanding Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic rocks are formed through changes in form due to pressure, volume, and temperature conditions. The process involves recrystallization and structural changes without melting, and can be classified into foliated and non-foliated types. Key causes of metamorphism include tectonic processes, contact with molten magma, and pressure from overlying rocks.

Uploaded by

Anjani kumar Rai
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Metamorphic Rocks - Summary Notes

1. Meaning of Metamorphic

'Meta' = change, 'Morphic' = form

- Metamorphic rocks = rocks that have changed form due to Pressure, Volume, and Temperature (PVT) conditions.

2. Causes of Metamorphism

- Tectonic processes (rocks pushed deep underground)

- Contact with molten magma (increases temperature)

- Pressure from overlying rocks

3. What Happens During Metamorphism

- Original rocks are recrystallized and reorganized.

- No melting, but solid rocks change structure and composition.

4. Types of Metamorphism

- Dynamic Metamorphism: Mechanical pressure/crushing without major chemical change.

- Thermal Metamorphism: High temperature causes chemical alteration and recrystallization.

-> Contact Metamorphism: Local effect due to hot magma/lava contact.

-> Regional Metamorphism: Large-scale effect due to high pressure and temperature from tectonic activity.

5. Structures Formed During Metamorphism

- Foliation: Minerals align in layers or lines.

- Lineation: Linear alignment of minerals.

- Banding: Alternating light and dark mineral layers.

- Banded Rocks: Rocks that exhibit clear banding (e.g., Gneiss).

6. Classification of Metamorphic Rocks

- Foliated Rocks: Have layers/lines due to mineral alignment (e.g., Slate, Schist, Gneiss).

- Non-Foliated Rocks: No visible layers or bands (e.g., Marble, Quartzite).


Metamorphic Rocks - Summary Notes

7. Examples of Metamorphic Rocks

- Foliated: Slate, Schist, Gneiss

- Non-Foliated: Marble (from limestone), Quartzite (from sandstone)

- Others: Granite (when modified), Syenite

8. Simple Diagrams

A. Metamorphism Process:

Original Rock -> (Pressure + Temperature) -> Metamorphic Rock

B. Foliation Example (Schist):

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C. Banding in Gneiss:

------------------- (Light Minerals)

=================== (Dark Minerals)

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