17.
How did the Civil Disobedience Movement come into force in various parts of
the country?Explain with examples.
Ans- The Civil Disobedience Movement began in 1930 with the onset of the Salt
March.A huge number of people broke the Salt law by producing salt.
i) The movement witnessed boycotting of foreign goods and picketing liquor
shops.
ii)Rich peasant communities like Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh
supported the movement and they also encouraged their communities to support
the movement.
iii) Poor peasants participated in radical movements led by Socialist and
[Link] motive was to get rid of taxes and rents.
iv)The large industrialists like [Link],Purshottamdas Thakurdas participated in
the [Link] workers,dock workers from Chhotanagpur and women
from all over India supported the Civil Disobedience Movement.
[Link] the effects of the First World War on Indian economy.
Ans- a)The war created a new economic and political situation.
b)It led to huge increase in defence expenditure which was financed by war loans
and increasing taxes,custom duties were raised and income tax was introduced.
c)Prices increased, doubling between [Link] hit the common people.
d)Villagers were asked to supply soldiers and through force recruitment in rural
areas.
e)During 1918-19,crops failed in many parts of India which created shortage of
food.
[Link] did the 'Quit India Movement 'begin?What was the impact of Quit India
Movement?
Ans- Quit India Movement:Launched in 1942 by INC,aimed for British departure
from India,marked by mass protests and Civil Disobedience.
Quit India Movement Impact:
a)New leaders like Ram Manohar Lohia,JP Narayan,Aruna Asaf Ali,and Usha
Mehta emerged after the top Congress leaders were arrested.
b)The authorities used violence to stop the Quit India Movement, leading to
nearly 100,000 arrests, including women and children.
c)The INC was declared illegal and banned by the government.
d)Gandhi was released from house arrest in 1944 due to poor health.
e) Loyalty to the government declined significantly,showing the depth of
nationalism.
f)The movement proved that governing India without the consent of its people
was no longer feasible.
[Link] down the causes of Quit India Movement.
Ans- Quit India Movement causes-
i)Failed Cripps Mission : Indian leaders reject limited British concessions.
ii) Dissatisfaction with British rule: Indians suffered from economic exploitation,
discrimination and lack of political representation.
iii)Impact of World War II: Indians opposed the decision of the British to include
India in the war without consultation.
iv) Growing nationalism: Growing nationalist sentiments inspired by leaders like
Gandhi and Nehru fueled the demand for independence.
v) Pressure from global movements:The success of anti-colonial movements
around the world inspired Indian nationalism.
vi) Gandhi's Leadership: Gandhi's call for non-violent Civil disobedience United
Indians against British rule.
vii) Suppression of Civil Liberties:British Suppression of dissent,including the
arrestbof leaders,provoked anger and resentment.
[Link] is the Dandi March?Discuss the importance of the Dandi March.
Ans- The Dandi March ( also known as the Saltarch or Salt Satyagraha) was a
pivotal event in the Indian freedom struggle led by Mahatma [Link]
symbolised the strength of non-violent resistance against British Colonial rule.
Significance of the Dandi March:
i)By leading the March,Mahatma Gandhi gained worldwide [Link] March
was covered bu the European and American Press and gained biso attention.
II) It was the first nationalist activity in which women had participated.
iii) It was the Salt March that made the British realise for the first time that their
rule in India would not last [Link] was violation of salt law,and monopoly of
British and manufacturing of salt.
iv)The British realised that they would have to decentralise power by involving
Indians in the [Link] law violated in large part of India.
[Link] were the limits of Civil Disobedience Movement?
Ans- Limitations of civil Disobedience Movement -
Despite its significant impact on India's struggle for Independence,the Civil
Disobedience Movement had certain limitations:
i)Limited participation: The movement mostly involved urban middle-class
people,with fewer peasants or marginalized communities.
ii)Communal Divisions: Muslim participation was limited,and communal tensions
increased due to separate demands.
iii)Untouchables' Exclusion :
Gandhi's focus on other issues meant the concerns of Dalits (untouchables) were
sidelined.
iv) Dependence on Gandhi:
The movement's success was closely tied to Gandhi's Leadership, weakening
when he was arrested or absent.