ĐÁP ÁN

172
CHƯƠNG I: NỀN TẢNG

EXERCISE 1
2. e 3. a 4. b
1. f

6. h 7. g 8. c
5. d
EXERCISE 2

1. The development of new products fell gradually over the period from 1990 to 2000.
The development of new products experienced a gradual fall between 1990 and 2000.
2. The research investment decreased significantly in 2005.
The year 2005 witnessed a significant decrease in the research development.
3. There was a slight fall in the sales of mangos in 2006.
The sales of mango fell slightly in 2006.
4. The quality of food in supermarkets has increased sharply.
There has been a sharp increase in the quality of food in supermarkets
5. There was a quick drop of $3 million in sugar imports in 1988.
1988 saw a quick drop of $3 million in sugar imports.
6. The price of laptop dropped quickly over the period.
A quick drop could be seen in the price of laptops over the period.
7. There was an upward trend in the number of visitors to the website.
The number of visitors to the website increased.
8. The growth rate fluctuated wildly throughout the years.
There was a wild fluctua4on in the growth rate throughout the years.
9. The number of students applying to the university stabilized over the decade.
A stability could be seen in the number of students applying to the university over the decade.
10. The year 2000 recorded a gradual growth in the house price in London.
The house price in London grew gradually in 2000.
EXERCISE 3

1. Số lượng người học 8ếng Anh là 5,000 vào năm 2015 – Số lượng người học 8ếng Trung Quốc là 2,500
vào năm 2015.

In 2015, the number of people studying English was 5,000, twice as much as that of Chinese learner.

2. Tỉ lệ thất nghiệp của thanh niên Việt Nam là 10%. Tỉ lệ thất nghiệp của thanh niên Mỹ là 12%. (Vào
năm 2015)
In 2015, the unemployment rate of young people in Vietnam was 10%, while the figure for American
counterparts was slightly higher, at 12%.

3. Lượng nước 8êu thụ trên đầu người ở thành phố là 750 m3. Lượng nước 8êu thụ trên đầu người ở
nông thôn là 1,250 m3 (Vào năm 2015)

The water consump4on per person in the countryside was 1,250 m3, compared to only 750 m3 per person
in ci4es.

174
CHƯƠNG II
BỐ CỤC BÀI VIẾT VÀ CÁC BƯỚC LÀM BÀI
EXERCISE 1

1.

- Đối tượng (chủ ngữ):

“The percentage/proporkon of people using the Internet in the USA/Canada/Mexico”

Hoặc “The percentage/proporkon of Internet users in the USA/Canada/Mexico”

- Đơn vị: %

- Khoảng thời gian từ 1999 đến 2009 => chia quá khứ đơn

2.

- Đối tượng (chủ ngữ):

“The number of Asian elephants in Vietnam/India/…”

Hoặc “The populakon of Asian elephants in Vietnam/India/…”

- Đơn vị: Thousand elephants

- Khoảng thời gian từ 1997 đến 2004 => chia quá khứ đơn

3.

- Đối tượng (chủ ngữ):

“The share/propor8on/percentage of expenditure for food/housing/… in the US/Canada…”

Hoặc “The share/propor8on/percentage of spending on food/housing/… in the US/Canada…” -

Đơn vị: %

- Mốc thời gian năm 2009 => chia quá khứ đơn

4.

- Đối tượng (chủ ngữ):

“The proporkon/percentage of energy produced/generated by coal/gas/…”

- Đơn vị: %

- Mốc thời gian năm 1995 và 2005 => chia quá khứ đơn
5.

- Đối tượng (chủ ngữ):

The proporkon/percentage of consumer spending on Food, Drinks, Tobacco/Clothing, Footwear/… in

- Đơn vị: %

- Mốc thời gian: năm 2002 => chia quá khứ đơn

EXERCISE 2

1. The chart illustrates the propor8on of people using the Internet in the US,Canada and Mexico between
1999 and 2009.

2. The bar chart describes how many elephants were living in some Asian countries over a period of 13 years,
star8ng from 1994.

3. The graph illustrates the propor8on of spending on different groups of products and services in four
countries in 2009.

4. The charts present the percentage of electricity produced by different sources in New Zealand in the years
1980 and 2010.

5. The table illustrates the share of expenditure for three categories in five countries in the year 2002.

CHƯƠNG III: BIỂU ĐỒ ĐƯỜNG

EXERCISE 1

1. increased

2. peaked

3. decreasing to

4. a fluctua8on

5. a decline

6. witnessed

7. decreased gradually

176
EXERCISE 2

The amount of Dirham earned from selling Dubai gold began at 2.5 million in the first 2 years and then

increased slightly to just over 2.5 million in 2002. In the following 2 years, the figure declined to the lowest

point of nearly 1.7 million in [Link] was a drama8c increase in the amount of Dubai Gold

Sales to 4 million Dirhams in 2005, which was followed by a significant decrease to just 3 million in 2006.

Between 2006 and 2008, Dubai gold sales experienced a slight decrease to about 2.7 million in 2008 before

recovering back to approximately 3.5 million at the end of the period.

EXERCISE 3

The graph below illustrates informa8on about how many Vietnamese students studying in three countries

namely France, Russia and America over a period of 5 years star8ng from 2000.

It is clear that while the number of Vietnamese students enrolling in American and French schools

increased, the opposite was true for Russian schools. Also, the figure for America experienced the biggest

change over the period shown.

In 2000, the number of Vietnamese students learning in France was largest with over 3.5 million,

compared with nearly 3 million and 1.5 million students studying in Russia and America respec8vely. Over

the following five years, the number of Vietnamese students studying abroad in France and Russia

decreased by 1 million, whereas that in America saw a rise of 2 million students.

From 2005 onwards, the figure for America rose drama8cally to 5 million students in 2015. Similarly, the

number of Vietnamese students in French schools remained unchanged at approximately 2.5 million

students un8l 2010, before increasing by over 2 million in 2015. Meanwhile, although decreasing to the

lowest point of under2 million students in 2010, the figure for Russia then rose gradually to 2.5 million at

the end of the period.

Wordcount: 198
EXERCISE 4

The line graph illustrates changes in the number of cars per household in Great Britain over a period of 40

years.

It is clear that while the percentages of households with one car and two or more cars increase, despite

fluctua8ons, the opposite is true for no-car households. Also, no-car ownership in Britain experiences a

biggest change over the period shown.

In 1990, over half of all Bri8sh households did not have regular use of a car, compared with well under

40% of households had one car and only about 12% had two or more cars. A¶er that, the percentage of

one-car households increased significantly to nearly 55%, whereas that of no-car families dropped rapidly

to just over 30% in 2005. Meanwhile, the figure for two or more cars witnessed a minor fluctua8on

between 1990 and 2005, at around 10%.

In 2030, the no-car household is expected to be the least common type, accoun8ng for just nearly 15% of

Bri8sh households. In contrast, the propor8on of two or more cars is expected to increase drama8cally to

just over 40% in 2030, which is as similar as the es8mated figure for one-car ownership.

Wordcount: 194

178
EXERCISE 5

The line graph illustrates the amount of electricity produced by four different sources in France over a

period of 32 years star8ng from 1980.

It is clear that Nuclear was by far the most popular source of electricity produc8on over the period. Also,

while the amount of electricity generated by Nuclear and Renewables increased, the opposite was true

for Hydro and Thermal power.

As can be seen from the graph, the amount of electricity produced by Nuclear was70 Terawat hours (Tw-

h), as opposed to the negligible amount produced by Renewables. The amount of electricity generated by

Nuclear increased drama8cally to nearly 430 Tw-h in 2005 before decreasing slightly to just over 400 Tw-

h in 2012. Meanwhile, although remaining unchanged un8l 1995, the figure for Renewables increased

slightly to approximately 25 Tw-h in the last year.

Of the other electricity sources, in 1980, Thermal was the most common electricity source, genera8ng

nearly 120 Tw-h, compared with 70 tw-h of electricity produced by Hydro. Over the following 32 years,

the figures for both Hydro and Thermal witnessed many minor fluctua8ons, before ending at roundly 50

Tw-h at the end of the period.

179
Word count: 195

EXERCISE 6

The line graph illustrates the amount of money invested in four different studies by the US government

over a period of 28 years star8ng from 1980

It is clear that US government expenditure for all researches increased over the period. It is also no8ceable

that health was by far the most popular research field during the given period.

As can be seen from the graph, approximately 8 million dollars were disbursed on Health, as opposed to

about 2.5 million dollars on Energy sector in 1980. Since then, despite a considerable decrease in the first

4 years, the US spending for Health then rose drama8cally to over $20 million in 2004, before decreasing

slightly by $2 million in 2008. Meanwhile, although remaining unchanged un8l 1992, the amount of

money poured into Energy witnessed a significant growth to just over $5 million in the last year.

Of the other research fields, the US government spent an equal amount of about $7 million on Other and

Space study in 1980. Over the following 28 years, a¶er decreasing to $5milion in 1984, the figures for

Space and Other experienced fluctua8ons before ending at nearly $10 million and $ 7 million at the end

of the period respec8vely.

Word count: 206

180
CHƯƠNG 4: BIỂU ĐỒ CỘT

EXERCISE 1

The chart illustrates the number of males and females registering for fitness centers in Thailand over a

period of 40 years star8ng from 1985.

It is clear that while the number of female fitness members increased, the opposite was true for that of

male ones over the period shown. Also, the year 2010 witnessed the largest membership. As can be seen

from the chart, in 1985, the male fitness membership was approximately 2200, compared with 1300

female members. Over the following 5 years, the number of male members, at nearly 3800, was twice as

much as that of female ones. By 2000, the male membership had decreased to about 1800 members,

whereas that of females had increased to 2800 members.

Between 2005 and 2010, there was a significant increase in the number of males and females applying for

membership of gym clubs to reach a peak of 2950 and 5000 members respec8vely. In 2015, the figure for

females, with 2000 members, was twice as many as the male figure, with 1000 members.

Word count: 170

181
EXERCISE 2

The line graph illustrates the quan8ty of Asian elephants in ten different countries over a period of 10

years star8ng from 2010.

It is clear that the number of Asian elephants in all na8ons, except for Cambodia and Laos, decreased over

the period shown. Also, while India had the largest number of Asian elephants in 2000, the same was true

for Myanmar in 2010.

As can be seen from the graph, in 2000, approximately 10 thousand elephants lived in India which was the

largest among the given countries. Myanmar was the second largest country for elephants inhabit with

about 5,500 elephants. This was followed by Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, China with 1000 elephants while

Malaysia, Sri Lanka Thailand had the no8ceably higher quan88es of roundly 3000 elephants. The least

number of elephants went on China with nearly 500 elephants in the year 2000.

A¶er 10 years, in 2010, the number of elephants in India fell to 7500 in 2004 while this number decreased

to 4800 in Myanmar and only to 1200 in Thailand. Cambodia was the only country where the total number

of elephants increased while the figure for China was only less than 500 elephants in this year.

Word count: 198

182
EXERCISE 3

The bar chart illustrates the propor8on of males and females par8cipa8ng in the most popular sports in

Britain in the year 2008.

It is clear that Soccer was the most a²rac8ve sport for males, while the majority of males preferred Netball

in 2008. Also, there was a biggest difference between the propor8on of males and females playing netball.

As can be seen from the chart, approximately 25% of men playing football, compared with only 5% that

of females. Also, the percentage of males par8cipa8ng cricket, at nearly 10%, was significantly higher than

that of females, at only 2%. The figure for table tennis was slightly lower with about 8% of male

par8cipants. Other sports, however, were the second popular choice among men with 20%, almost twice

as much as that of female members.

Of the other ac8vi8es, the vast majority of Netball players were female, accoun8ng for 25%, whereas this

figure for males made up insignificant of 2%. Similarly, significantly more females chose to go swimming

than males, accoun8ng for 23% and 14% respec8vely. The figures for tennis and basketball were rela8vely

similar, at around 6% of both sexes. Jogging, however, was the least preferred sport among both genders,

at roundly 3%.

Word count: 200

183
EXERCISE 4

The bar chart illustrates the es8mated number of travellers from 3 different countries visi8ng four major

ci8es in the year 2018.

It is clear that Marid is predicted to become the most a²rac8ve tourist des8na8on for all three na8ons in

2018. Also, the largest number of visitors to all four ci8es in this year came from the USA.

As can be seen from the chart, approximately 100 thousand US travellers is expected to arrive in Marid,

compared with expected 80 thousand and 70 thousand travellers coming from Canada and Mexico

respec8vely. In contrast, the es8mated number of tourists coming to Liverpool is significantly lower, with

about 50 thousand US people and 25 thousand Canadian people.

Looking at the chart in more detail, the es8mated number of US tourists arriving in Roma is 80 thousand,

followed by 50 thousand ones from Canada. In contrast, Mexico provided the lowest figure, with only 20

thousand people visi8ng Roma. Addi8onally, the predicted figures for Paris are rela8vely similar, with just

over 60 thousand visitors from each country.

Word count: 173

EXERCISE 5

The bar chart illustrates the consumer spending on five main items in four different countries in 2009.

184
It is clear that the largest propor8on of consumer spending in all countries, except for Japan, went on

housing. On the other hand, the health care and clothing categories provided the lowest figures in 2009.

As can be seen from the chart, the US expenditure on housing was highest, at about 26%, and Health care,

at nearly 7%, and the same was true for Japan’s spending on Food with nearly 23%. Likewise, the

propor8on of spending on transporta8on was significantly higher in Canada, at about 20%, than in any of

the other countries.

Out of the four na8ons, Canada had the lowest percentage of consumer expenditure on housing, at nearly

14%, whereas the Japanese spent the lowest amount of money on transporta8on, at around 10%.

However, US and UK had slightly higher figures for these categories, but the lowest figure for food, at

nearly 14%. Addi8onally, the figures for clothing in all na8ons were rela8vely similar, hovering at 5%.

Word count: 176

185
CHƯƠNG VI: BIỂU ĐỒ TRÒN

EXERCISE 1

The charts illustrate the propor8on of travellers to the US from different countries between 1988 and

1992.

Overall, it is clear that the percentage of Chinese visitors to the US increased, while that of visitors from

Canada and other countries rose. Also, a high propor8on of travellers to the US were Canadian.

In 1988, over half of the visitors to the US were from Canada, while people from Mexico accounted for

exactly a quarter. The figures for China and other countries were low, at 10% and 12% respec8vely. Over

the next two years, there was a significant rise of 18% in the percentage of Chinese visitors. In contrast,

the figures for the other na8ons fell, most significantly in Canada (by 10%).

From 1990 to 1992, the propor8on of tourists from Canada and other countries con8nued to fall by 4%

each. However, the percentage of Chinese visitors peaked at 30%, while that of Mexicans rose back to a

quarter in the last year.

Word count: 162

186
EXERCISE 2

The pie charts compare the propor8on of people in three age groups in Yemen and Italy in 2000 and

projec8ons for 2050.

It is clear that the popula8on of Italy was older in the year 2000, and the same is predicted for the year

2050. Also, the popula8ons of both countries are projected to age over the 50-year period.

In 2000, about half of the popula8on of Yemen was at the age of 14 or under, while only 14.3% of

popula8on in Italy was children and the majority (over 60%) of Italians fell into the 15 to 59 age group.

People aged 60 or over accounted for almost a quarter of the Italian popula8on, but only 3.6% of Yemeni

popula8on.

By 2050, the propor8on of children under 15 is predicted to drop by about 13% and 3% in Yemen and

Italy respec8vely. In contrast, the figures for elderly people are expected to rise, by just over 2% in Yemen

and 18% in Italy. Finally, it is predicted that the 15 to 59 age group will go up by around 10% in Yemen, but

fall by around 15% in Italy.

Word count: 189

The pie charts compare the propor8on of female and male employees and self-employed working in

different manual and three non-manual jobs in the UK in the year 1992.

187
In general, a higher percentage of women chose white-collar occupa8ons more, while blue-collar jobs

were more popular among Bri8sh men.

Among the manual occupa8ons, male employees were dominant in cra¶ or similar jobs where there were

nearly a quarter of men choosing this job whereas just a minor propor8on of female workers worked as

cra¶ers (3%). General labourers accounted for the least percentage in both sexes, just 2% of men and 1%

of women. The figures for other manual jobs were rela8vely high and quite similar, at over a quarter of

each gender.

Regarding non-manual jobs, clerical or related jobs were chosen by a good propor8on of women (31%)

while just a minority of men (6%) were employed in this field. In contrast, both genders preferred

managerial and professional jobs, which accounted for 36% of men and 29% of women. Other nonmanual

jobs a²racted just 6% of male employees and the figure for female counterparts was a li²le higher, at 9%.

Word count: 189

EXERCISE 4

The given pie charts compare the propor8on of different kinds of food consumed in the world and two

countries namely China and India for the year 2008.

188
It is clear that processed food accounted for the highest percentage in all three charts. Also, Chinese

tended to have healthier diets with no8ceably higher consump8on of vegetable, fruits and nuts, seeds.

In 2008, the propor8on of processed food consumed in the world was 41%, slightly higher than the figures

for India and China, which stood at 39% and 34% respec8vely. Regarding animal food, standing at over a

quarter of total food consump8on, the percentage of this kind of food consumed in the world and India

was much higher than that of China (15%).

In contrast, vegetables and fruits made up a larger percentage of Chinese diet (32%) compared to 29% of

the world average and only 23% of Indian diet. Similarly, 19% of total food consump8on in China was for

nuts and seeds, while the figures for India and the world were rela8vely lower, at 11% and 4% respec8vely.

Word count: 177

CHƯƠNG VI: BẢNG

EXERCISE 1

The table illustrates the propor8on of students vo8ng for five various fields of a Chinese college in the

year 2000, 2005 and 2010.

It is clear that while the percentage of students who chose Technical Quality, Prin Resources and Electronic

Resources increased, the opposite was true for Range of modules offered. Also, Print resources were the

most popular choice among students at the university

189
As can be seen from the table, in 2000, the vast majority of students selected Print Resources, at 87%,

compared with 63% and 45% of survey respondents to Technical Quality and Electronic Resources

respec8vely. From 2000 to 2010, the percentage of students choosing Technical quality remained

unchanged in the first 5 years, before rising to 69% in 2010. Likewise, the figure for Electronic Resources

was almost double a¶er 10 years, at 89% in 2010, while the figure for Print Resources was s8ll higher than

any other aspects, at 91% in 2010.

Out of the other aspects, star8ng at 33% in 2000, the percentage of students choosing Range of modules

decreased gradually to just over a quarter of the preferences. Of equal note is that the figure for Building/

Teaching facili8es was similar throughout the period, accoun8ng for 77% of par8cipants to the survey

selec8ng.

Word count: 208

EXERCISE 2

The table illustrates the propor8on of cell phone users using different func8ons in Vietnam in 2005, 2008

and 2010.

190
It is clear that making calls was by far the most used func8on over the period shown. Also, while the

propor8on of people using mobile phones to make calls and send & receive text messages and record

audio decreased, the opposite was true for taking photos.

As can be seen from the table, star8ng at 65% in 2005, the propor8on of people using cell phones to take

photos increased slightly to 77% in 2010. In contrast, although well over three quarters of mobile phone

owners made use of record audio in 2005, this func8on was least popular choice for people in 2010, at

only 63%.

Out of the other features, 100% of cell phone users made calls in 2005 and 2008, though this figure then

decreased slightly by 3% in 2010. Of equal note is that Sending and Receiving text messages was the

second common func8on in 2005, at 82% before decreasing gradually to only 68% in the last year.

Word count: 179

191
EXERCISE 3

The table illustrates percentages of consumer expenditure on three categories of products and services in

4 countries in the year 2008.

It is clear that while consumers from 4 countries tended to spend the most money on Fast Food/Drinks,

the opposite was true for leisure ac8vi8es/educa8on figure in the given period. Also, the most significant

propor8on of consumer spending on all items belonged to China

Among the four countries, it can be noted that the expenditure for Fast Food and Drinks was significantly

higher in China than that of the others, at nearly 29%. In the same category, Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam

all spent under 20% of their budget with Vietnam having the smallest percentage at 15.77%.

Compared to fast food and drinks, consumer spending on Shoes/Watches was no8ceably lower in all

countries. To illustrate, with the excep8on of China which spent the most money (16.23%) on these

products, the expenditures of the other countries on this category were rela8vely the same and below

6%. In leisure ac8vi8es and educa8on category, Vietnam had the highest percentage of na8onal consumer

expenditure at 4.35% while the smallest figure belonged to Japan at only 1.98%.

Word count: 192

192
EXERCISE 4

The table illustrates percentages of companies adver8sing spending on four various media fields in three

different na8ons in the year 2005.

It is clear that while the largest propor8on of adver8sing spending in each country went on Television. On

the other hand, the Internet category has the lowest percentages in the table.

Among the three countries, it can be noted that the expenditure for the TV adver8sements was highest

in Japan, at 61%, almost doubling that in Australia, at only 31%. Compared to this category, the propor8on

of spending on the Newspaper adverts was no8ceably lower in all countries with Vietnam having the most

significant percentage, at 29%, and the lowest rate in Japan, at 16%.

Out of the less popular media, Vietnam and Australia had the similar propor8ons of Radio adver8sing

expenditure, at 21%, while this figure for Japan was considerably lower, at 14%. In contrast, the figures for

the Internet were significantly lower than any other methods of adver8sing in each country, at around

4%.

Word count: 167

CHƯƠNG VII: BIỂU ĐỒ KẾT HỢP

EXERCISE 1

The line graph gives informa8on about the average temperature per month in three London, New York and

Sydney, while the table compares the total annual hours of sunshine in these metropolises.

193
Overall, while both New York and London experience gradual increase in temperature from April to July, this

figure for Sydney decreases steadily over the same period. In addi8on, New York has the longest hour of

sunshine per year.

As can be seen from the graph, the temperature pa²erns for London and New York are similar. Average

temperatures in these two ci8es reach their peaks in July, at roughly 29oC in New York, and about 23oC in

London. In contrast, July is the coldest month in Sydney when the average temperature reaches its lowest

point at approximately 16oC. Average temperatures in the three ci8es also witness opposite trends in the

final quarter. While the weather tends to be much colder in London and New York from October to

December, the average temperature in Sydney experiences a minimal increase during the same period.

The figures for New York and Sydney differ slightly, at 2535 and 2473 hours respec8vely. London, on the

other hand, has a considerably lower average of 1180 hours. This number is even lower than half of the

total annual hours of sunshine in New York.

Word count: 224

194
EXERCISE 2

The line chart gives informa8on about the average monthly precipita8on, while the bar graph illustrates the

average temperature per month in an Eastern Africa area.

In general, it is clear that April is the warmest month, while March experiences the highest average

temperature.

During the first quarter of a typical year, average temperature quickly rises from 22oC and reaches a peak

at approximately 28oC. This number declines gradually in the following months and reaches its lowest

point at roughly 18oC in July. Then, the weather tends to get warmer as the average temperature increases

considerably to nearly 26oC in October, before falling steadily in the final months.

As can be seen from the bar graph, average rainfall in the first two months are rela8vely low – slightly

under 20 mm. This figure increases fivefold in March (95 mm) and reaches a peak at about 280 mm in

April. The weather tends to be drier in the following months as the average precipita8on drops remarkably

and reaches it bo²om at nearly 10 mm in July. Rainfall rises minimally during the third quarter before

experiencing a sixfold increase in October, and then exceeds 150 mm in the next month.

Finally, the average rainfall decreases to 50 mm in December.

Word count: 206

EXERCISE 3

The line graph compares the number of video game copies purchased from 4 game retailers during the

first 4 months of 2014, and the pie chart illustrates the propor8on of the 5 best-selling games over the

same period.

In general, Cyberium is the only store that experienced a steady increase in sales, while Bioshock Infinite

was the most popular video game.

195
The number of game copies sold by both Ubihard and GameStop witnessed steady decreases in 4 months.

While Ubihard’s sales decreased from 2800 (January) to slightly above 1300 (April), that of GameStop

dropped from 2600 to 1100 over the same period. Cyberium’s sales, on the other hand, showed a

completely different trend. In January 2014, 1700 game copies were purchased from

Cyberium. This number rose drama8cally to 3000 in March and kept increasing in the next month.

Meanwhile, IGN had the lowest sales which remained rela8vely stable at 1000.

As can be seen from the graph, Bioshock Infinite was the best-selling 8tle, accoun8ng for 30% of the total

sales. It was followed by Pokemon Pla8num, whose sales made up 28%. The sales percentage of Assassin’s

Creed Unity and Far Cry 3 are only half of the two leading games, at 15% and 14%, respec8vely. Other

games occupied 13% of the total sales.

Word count: 211

EXERCISE 1

1. E

2. C

3. D

4. B

5. A

6. H 7.

8. F

EXERCISE 2

1. C/B

2. H – F

196
 3. A – G

4. E – B/C

5. D – H

6. B/C

EXERCISE 3

The two plans describe a health centre before and a¶er some developments from 2005 to now.

As can be seen from the pictures, the health centre has witnessed drama8c changes both outdoors and

indoors over the given period.

Firstly, a minor opera8on room has been added to the le¶-hand side of the physiotherapy room. The

consul8ng rooms and the office have been made smaller and the former also increased to four in number.

Another notable change is that the entrance has been relocated to the southern side of the building. This

leads to a wai8ng area, which has been expanded with more seats. The recep8on desk is now placed in

front of the office and a children’s play area has been added in the corner opposite the entrance.

A number of changes also took place outside. The car park has been expanded to a total of 30 parking

spaces. The garden behind the building is decreased in size to make way for this expansion.

Word count: 164

EXERCISE 4

The two maps describe an area before and a¶er some developments from 2005 to now.

As can be seen from the plans, the most notable change taking place in the area is the construc8on of a

road bridge, which replaces the ferry.

On the northern side of the road bridge, the forest on the le¶ riverside has been cleared to make way

for a large new car park. There is also a small car park which was built on the other side of the river

197
 and this car park can be accessed from the main road via a small path. Many houses and apartments

were constructed around the car park.

To the south of the bridge, more houses were also built along the main road. Apart from these

buildings, there are several changes which are expected to take place by 2018. These developments

include a foot bridge which runs parallel to the main road, a yatch marina and a small car park.

Word count: 162

EXERCISE 5

The map illustrates 2 possible loca8ons for the construc8on of a new supermarket for the town of

Garlsdon.

The most striking difference between the two sites is that the first site is in the countryside, while the

second loca8on is roughly in the middle of the town centre.

The first poten8al loca8on (S1) is outside the town itself, and is 12 km to the south-east of Hindon. The

site is also in close proximity to the main roads and the railway. If the supermarket is built there, this

would provide easy access to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel either by car

or train.

In contrast, the second suggested loca8on, S2, is right in the town centre and to the north of the

southern industrial zone. The distances from this site to Cransdon and Bransdon are 25km and 16km,

respec8vely. If the supermarket is constructed there, it could be accessed by road or rail from the

surrounding towns. However, because the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to

park and access would be difficult.

Word count: 181

CHƯƠNG 9: QUY TRÌNH

198
EXERCISE 1

1. during 2. first 3. a¶er that 4. once 5. subsequently

6. been 7. then 8. following 9. followed by 10. finally

Đáp án 3, 5, và 7 có thể đổi cho nhau.

EXERCISE 2

The process illustrates the main stages which take place in the life cycle of a honey bee.

In general, there are four main stages in the development of the honey bee and the completely life cycle

lasts for about 34-36 days.

At the first stage of the process, it can be seen that a typical female honey bee usually lays one or two eggs

every 3 days. A¶er 9 -10 days, these eggs hatch into immature insects called nymphs.

During the third stage of the life cycle, the nymphs grow larger in size and moult for a total of three 8mes

before reaching their adult size. This metamorphosis stage first takes place 5 days a¶er the egg hatches,

then 7 days later, and again another 9 days later. A¶er approximately 30 to 31 days from the start of the

cycle, the young adult honey bee emerges from its final stage, and in the next 4 days it reaches full maturity.

The process then repeats itself when the female honey bees lay their eggs.

Word count: 173

EXERCISE 3

The drawing illustrates the process by which plate glass and bo²le glass are manufactured.

In general, the ini8al stages of glass produc8on are the same for both two kinds of glass.

The first step in making plate glass is to combine sand, soda and limestone in a furnace. These raw materials

are heated at approximately 1700oC un8l they melt and form molten glass. From the furnace this mixture

199
flows through piping to a reservoir, at the bo²om of which is a valve. The glass comes out of this valve onto

rollers, which perform the func8on of straightening the glass.

For producing bo²les, the liquified glass coming out of the furnace flows into moulds. As the liquid goes

into each mould, compressed air is also introduced, thereby forcing the glass onto the inside walls of the

mould, leaving the rest of it empty. A¶er a cooling process, the mould can be removed and the final product

– the bo²le – can be taken out.

Word count: 161

PHẦN II:

IELTS Writing
Task 2

200