GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

EXERCISES AND PROBLEMS

On line XY determine a point A, in such a way that its elevation and
the distance from the mentioned point is in the ratio of 3:4 knowing that:
X (2, 4.5, 14) Y (7.5, 7, 8.5)

Complete the projections of line MN knowing that it is parallel to PQ and

Point N is 5 cm behind point M; find the frontal projection of RS that intersects PQ.
y MN. Do not use additional views, knowing that:
M (6, 5, 8) P (2, 1, 11) R (8, -, 12) N (-, -, -) Q (2, 4, 7) S (1, -, 8)

At point X of plane ABC, a metal billiard is abandoned that later

slip over the plane due to the effect of gravity, it leaves it and falls
vertically to Y which is at the same height as B. From there it slides down a
second floor to Z. Find the path taken by the billiard ball and its length.
(5, 3, 8)

ABCDEFGH is a rectangular parallelepiped whose projections are desired.

complete. Indicate visibility.
A (3, 10, 18) B (2, -, 21) E (7, 6, 22) H (10, 7, -) cm.

AB and CD are the axes of two tunnels. The one that starts from A has a South orientation and
ascends at an angle of 30°. The one that starts from C has a direction of N 70° W and
descends with a slope of 30%. It was desired that both meet at the
same point. Check if they are found; if not, find the length of the tunnel
vertical (sinkhole) that connects them. SCALE 1:50 A (20, 5, 115); C (65, 25, 85)

Two storks fly following the straight line trajectories m and n. A hunter
shoot from O. Find the characteristics and the trajectory of the shot
(also considered straight) that represents the only possibility of
hunter to bring down both birds with a single shot, knowing that O (35, 130, 215)

X (45, 190, 240)

Line m
Y (70, 160, 215)

R (30, 170, 190)

Line n
S (55, 185, 220)

Given the points A, B, C, and D, determine without using additional views,

what vertical distance must point D be moved to belong to the
plane determined by A, B, and C.
Point B is 11 m to the right, 3 m closer, and 4 m higher than A; C is
5 m to the right, 4 m closer, and 5 m higher than A, and point D is 13 m to
to the right, 1 m farther and 1 m higher than A, knowing that A (5, 3, 15) m
SCALE 1:98.

Complete the horizontal view of segment TU knowing that it intersects with the segment
RS.
T (4, 4, 15) R (10, 2, 26) U (15, 10, -) S (10, 12, 16)

An airplane is at point A and descends on a heading of N 35° E; after a

time is located at A' 60 km away from A and 20 km below

PAGE No. 1
GRAPHIC SPELLING THE STRAIGHT

A. From point A, a ship was observed heading N 45° W, 30 km away.

below the plane and at a depression angle of 40°.
From position A', the boat is observed at point B' under an angle of
depression of 15° and in the direction N 20° W.
Determine the course and the distance traveled by the ship during
time taken between 60 km.

A road that passes through point A has a direction of S 30° E and slope
ascendant of 30%. By another point C that is in the direction S 25° E at a
distance of 150 m, 40 m higher than A, crosses a railway line in the S direction
30° O. Find the slope of the railway track so that at the crossing point of the
the road has a free vertical distance of 10 m.

From an observation post located 400 m above sea level, there

detects the presence of a UFO located at the direction of N 32° O under a
elevation angle of 27° and a distance of 5 km. This position is transmitted to
a warship that is located 8 km to the west and 2 hm to the north of the post
of observation.
What should be the characteristics of a rocket projectile's launch to
What makes it white in the UFO?

The axis AB of a pipe is defined as follows: B is south of

AQ and the pipe has an upward slope of 25%. Another pipe is such that
C is 2 m to the left, 2 m in front, and 1 m below point A, this pipe
it has a course of S 45° E and a downward slope of 20%. Find its
views. A (5, 8, 16) m.

The axis of tunnel B has a bearing of N 45° W, a depression angle of 30% and
a length of 80 m. The axis of tunnel AC has a bearing of N 60° E and a
angle of depression of 15° with a length of 95 m. It is desired to know the
characteristics of a third tunnel BC that connects the ends of the previous ones and
the depth of B and C with respect to the level of point A taken as
reference.

The triangle ABC is defined as follows. Vertex B is at 135 m

from A in the direction N 40° W and 75 m higher than A. Vertex C is located at
160 m from vertex B in the direction S 70° E and 110 m higher than A. Point D
it is located north of A and on the line BC. E is on the line AC and at the
the same height as B. F is located on AB and to the west of C. What will be the direction?
from line BE and what is the height of points D and F with respect to
vertex A?

From a torpedo boat, a submarine is observed 67 m to the north, 67 m to the

west and 50 m below sea level. At that moment, the boat continues a
course N 60° E at a speed of 32 km/h and the submarine is rising with
bearing S 30° O, a slope of 40%, and a speed of 14 km/h. Will it reach
to position the boat exactly above the submarine? Will it pass before the
Boat to the meeting point? What if they pass at the same moment?
will distance separate them?

Find the shortest distance between AB and CD (cm).

A (9, 7, 13) B (14, 5, 10) C (7, 2, 12) D (13, 3, 15)

An airplane is observed at point A 450 m above sea level,

it is heading S 45° W at a speed of 190 km/h and gaining altitude at a rate of

PAGE No. 2
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

630 m/min. From a battleship located in the direction S 10° E and an angle
From a depression of 40° relative to point A, a rocket projectile is fired at the plane.
when it was 800 m above sea level. Determine the
characteristics of the projectile trajectory assumed to be linear.

A tripod rests on a sloping ground 15° E with the horizontal. One of

the front legs are 7 m long, the others are 5.6 m and 6.7 m long
length. In the horizontal projection, the legs are evenly spaced.
Find the H and F projections of the tripod, the slope of each leg, and the area.
minimum required tripod support.

The axis of a cable is defined by points A and B, from point C located

2 cm to the right, 2 cm behind, and 2 cm lower than A another is required.
cable in the south direction that passes 2 cm below AB at the crossing point. Find
the slope of cable CD.

At a point M in a plane ABC, a body is dropped. The coefficient of

the friction between the contact surfaces has the value of the square root of
3/3. Determine if the body slips on the plane and in that case, find the
body position 2 seconds after the movement has started.
M (3, 5, -) A (1, 5, 10) B (7, 1, 8) C (4, 6, 12) cm.

A plane, after dropping its load of bombs at a point 500 m high

Above sea level, it heads at a bearing of N 60° W at a speed of 360 km/
h, gaining altitude at a rate of 1 km per min. From an enemy body that
Find broken down 2 km to the west and 2 km to the south of A a projectile is fired.
rocket heading N 30° W that destroys the plane. Find the inclination of the
trajectory of the shot, the height at which the plane was relative to sea level
of the sea at the moment of being shot down and the distance at which it was located
airplane from the ship at the moment of impact.

There is a television tower supported at three points X, Y, and Z. By

stability conditions the perimeter of the base must be greater than 18 m. The
Point Y is located 4 m to the east, 3 m to the north, and 3 m above X; Z is
find 4 m to the west, 3 m to the north, and 2 m above A. Decide if it is feasible.
this situation.

Given 2 pipes XY with a heading of S 45° E and TU with a slope of 35°.

descendant. Determine the characteristics of a pipeline that connects them from
so that it starts from the midpoint of XY and is perpendicular to it. The
values are in meters.
X (5, 11, 22) Y (8, 4, -) T (9, 12, 21) U (13, -, 14)

The depth of groundwater at point A is 20 m, this

the depth is 45 m at another point B located 50 m to the west and 20 m to the north
And finally, it is 10 m at another point C located 50 m to the east and 40 m to the south.
north of A. Knowing that water follows the trajectory of the line of maximum
pending What should be the location (with respect to A) of a fourth point
And what is its depth to detect a dye spilled at point A?
so that the distance between A and D is 60 m?

Given the line AB and point C. Determine a point D so that the

distance between lines AB and CD is 2 cm. Indicate the elevation of point D.
A (1, 4, 20) B (7, 8, 13) C (1, 3, 16) D (7, -, 19) cm.

PAGE No. 3
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

The lines AB and CD are given. Find the shortest distance between them. If this is
less than 3 m vertically move point D until it is exactly
of 3 m.
A (1, 2, 20) B (7, 7, 13) C (7, 2, 14) D (1, 5, 16)

On the plane ABC, a billiard ball has been abandoned that slides and upon leaving
The plane falls to X. It is known that the total distance traveled is 6 m. Find the
starting point in the front view and give its position concerning point A.
A (2, 4, 24) B (8, 2, 19) C (5, 8, 15) X (6.8, 1, 20) in m.

About plane ABC and line L contained within it, the goal is to find point P.
equidistant from line AC and vertex B. Line L starts from C and has heading
from N 60° O.
A (2, 3, 11) B (6, 5, 15) C (8, 8, 12) cm.

There is a cube whose side is 1.6 m. From a vertex of the cube, a line is drawn
a perpendicular to the plane that passes through the three adjacent vertices to that one
first taken and with which they are connected. Determine that distance.

From an observation post O, the presence of a UFO is detected 1500 m away.

above. The visual has orientation S 30° O and slope 70%
establishing that the UFO is heading N 60° E and gaining altitude at
a speed of 200 m/s.
At the same moment of the observation, from a battery located 4 km to the east.
and 0.7 km above the observation post a rocket is launched from
straight-line trajectory and in a northern direction, impacting the UFO a
second later. Determine the speed of the UFO and the rocket in km/h.
SCALE 1: 49000. O (4, 1, 11) Km.

At points K and L, there are 2 theodolites that are aimed at the summit and the base.
from a tree respectively. The view of K is heading N 76° E and slope
30% ascending and the visual of L has a direction of N 56° W and slope of
60°. Find the height of the tree. If due to the operator's error located at L it indicates as
orientation N 65° W and the other data remains the same. What is the height of the tree?
If by error of the operator located in K it results in a slope of 40% upwards and
The other data remains the same. What is the height of the tree?
K (2, 5, 12) L (16, 10, 14) m.

There is a pyramid with base ABC and vertex V. From vertex V, 3 are released.
balls on the planes VAB, VBC, VAC. Which of the three balls arrives first
to the floor situated in a horizontal plane that passes through P, after leaving
their respective plans and assuming that this fall is vertical? The student
will indicate the trajectories on the planes and the angles of inclination of the
trajectories.
A (3, 8, 12) B (7, 8, 22) C (13, 3, 14) V (9, 10, 16) P (-, 2, -) cm.

From a multi-story building, three shots were fired, from three different ones.
levels, hitting the respective targets: A, B, and C. - To bird "A" with slope
ascending; to the balcony 'B' heading S44°W and descending slope of 44% and
the cartel "C" with orientation N82ºO and a downward slope of 32º.
the speed of the projectile that hit the bird is 14.40 km/hour; if the time
employee in each of the shots, until they hit their target
respectively, it is 9 tenths of a second. - Find the speed of the projectiles.
to impact on B and C; and also the height of the building, knowing that the

PAGE No. 4
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT

shot that on the bird, was made from the first floor and the one that hit the sign, it
he did it from the rooftop.

A (12, - - , 15) B (4.5, 5, 7.5) C (2, 3, 13.5) ESCALA: 1:2650

Knowing that line AX has a slope of 44%(-) and a length of 390 m.

for orientation S69ºE.- It is desired to place line CD perpendicular to the
line AX, knowing that only point D can move parallelly
to the line whose orientation is S31ºW and slope of 100%(-). Knowing that:
A (3.5, 8, 14) C (2, 5, 10) D (7.5, 6, 14) SCALE: 1: 6500

At a given moment, an airplane, a small plane, and a boat cross over a

same vertical and a distance of 1.5 Km. and 2500 m., respectively.- The
The boat sails in the direction N62ºW at a speed of 65.84 knots.
The plane's trajectory follows the direction N46ºE at a speed of 242 km/h and
with a depression angle of 32º.- The trajectory of the plane is N11ºE at
a speed of 232 km/h and with an angle of elevation of 21º.- Find the
distance between airplane-small plane, airplane-boat and small plane-boat after 1.5
crossing minutes. SCALE: 1:76000

An airplane located at A, at an altitude of 1500 ft., follows a heading of S45ºW and in

its speedometer reads a speed of 120 miles per hour. The plane is
gaining height at a rate of 2100 feet per minute.- A ship is sighted from point A
according to a bearing of S10ºE and a depression angle of 40º.- Twenty seconds
after the ship is sighted on a course of N60ºE and an angle of
depression of 45º.- Assuming that the course of the ship is constant and straight.
determine the speed of the boat, the course, and the distance the boat traveled
from the first sighting to the second.
SCALE: 1 inch = 1000 feet 1 knot = 6080 feet/hour
A ( , 3, 5) quota, distance, separation

From points 'A' and 'B' (the top of two towers) a rocket can be seen that
ascends vertically.- From 'A' the tip of the rocket will be seen before starting the
flight with a S60 orientation And at an angle of 30 The rocket begins its
flight and after two tenths of a second is seen from 'B' at the bottom
of the rocket with a heading of S30 0 and a slope of 59%.- Determine
the speed of the rocket and indicate the distance traveled in two decimal places
second knowing that: A(2.5,1,.6) B(1.5,3,1.5) limit, distance, separation
SCALE: 1/95,000

The elevation of stake 'S' is 2,720 meters above sea level; if other stakes are located from this stake:
"M" with an orientation of N62 0 and 'A' with an orientation of N32 0; if moreover
it is known that the length from stake 'S' to stake 'A' is 590 m.
from stake "A" you can locate stake "S" with a vertical angle of
20 (+) and that the orientation taken from 'A' towards the stake 'M'
S86ºO.-Determine the position of stake 'M' and the elevations of stakes 'M' and
"A", knowing that "M" is 300 m lower than "A". It is also known that
S( , 2, 1).-The reader will use a suitable scale

Complete the projections of line CD and its intersection with the line
AB, knowing that point M belongs to line AB and that A (1, 4, 5.3) B (5, 1,
3) C (1.5, 2, 6) D (4.5, - - , ) and M ( ,3.5, 3) limit, distance, separation

Complete the main views of lines PQ and RS, knowing that PQ = RS =

3.90 m., also indicate what kind of lines they are, knowing that:

PAGE No. 5
GRAPHIC SPELLING THE STRAIGHT LINE

( , 5, 9)

A 2-inch diameter iron rod AB must be placed.

perpendicular to a wooden beam RS which is supported on the floor, whose
The level is determined by points M and L, at point R it has a slope.
ascending by 82%.-Find the main projections of the rod and the beam,
indicating their respective lengths, knowing that point A also
found on the floor, it is also known that
R ( , 4, 8) S ( , 1, 3.25) A ( , 3, 1.25) M (4, - - , 5) y L (5, - - , 2)

It is desired to place line CD perpendicular to line AB, knowing

that only point D can move parallel to the line whose
the orientation is S40ºW and the slope is 65% positive, knowing that
A (1, 1, 12) B (4, 4, 6) C (5, 4, 13) y D (2, 0.5, 7) quota, distancing
apartment

AB and CD are the axes of two tunnels. The one starting from A is oriented south and
ascends at an angle of 30º. - The one starting from C has an orientation of
N70ºO and descends with a slope of 30% it is desired that both are
find at the same point .-Check if this is the case, if not find the
length of the sinkhole that unites them, knowing that: A(20, 5, 115) and C(65, 25, 85)
scale: 1:480

From an observation point located 400 meters above sea level, one
detects the presence of a UFO located in the direction N32ºW at an angle of
elevation of 27º and at a distance of 5 km, this position is transmitted to a ship
of war located 8 km to the west and 2 km to the north of the post
Observation.- What should be the characteristics of a projectile's shot?
rocket to hit the UFO

Complete the main views of the IG segment, knowing that it cuts to the
segment WQ, I (4, 4, 5) G (15, 10, - -) W (10, 2, 26) and Q (10, 12, 16) Cms.

Locate the RS iron beam in the horizontal and frontal projection planes.
knowing that point R must belong to the horizontal ceiling; S must be
content on the facade; that its total length must be 45.00 meters and that
it must be welded to the column of the same material AB at a point X of it,
which is at the same time the midpoint of the beam and the column.- Taking R to
the left of point B and additionally knowing the elevation and distance from the
point B is zero and point A will be located exactly to the north and four
units of B. SCALE 1:650

A plane flies horizontally at a height of 1000 meters, from a point of

ground observation is located first in the direction N18ºW at an angle
at 23º and two minutes later in the direction N74ºE at an angle of 18º.
Determine the supposed straight-line trajectory, the distance traveled, and the speed.
scale of the plane: 1:30000

A motorcycle leaves city A at sea level, heading east.

with a slope of 51º, data taken from another city B from where
another motorcycle is coming to city A, with a speed of 40 kilometers per hour.
hour, descending at a rate of 4 meters per second, with orientation S20ºE and
located 180 meters above sea level.- Find the distance and the
pending the trajectory followed by the motorcycle that left city A
until it collided with the motorcycle coming from city B, knowing that

PAGE No. 6
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT

the accident occurred at a height of 100 meters above sea level and B(0, 0,
10) quota, distancing, separation SCALE 1:3000

Complete the projections of line MN knowing that it is parallel to PQ and that

N is 5.00 cm back from M; find the FRONTAL projection of RS that intersects
PQ and MN. Do not use additional views, knowing that M(6, 5, 8) P(2, 1, 11)
R(8, -, 12) N(-, -, -) Q(2, 4, 7) S(1, -, 8)

Two storks fly following the straight line trajectories m and n. A hunter
Shoot from O. Find the characteristics and the trajectory of the shot.
considering it linear, which represents the only possibility for the hunter to
to take down both birds with a single shot, knowing that O(35, 5, 115); the lines m and n
determined by points X, Y and R, S where X(45, 190, 240) Y(70, 160,
215) R(30, 170, 190) S(55, 185, 220) coordenadas expresadas en milímetros

An airplane is located at point A and is traveling on a course of N37ºE; after

After a certain amount of time, it is found at point B, 60.00 km away.
from A to 20.00 km below the same point. From point A, an observation was made of a
boat heading N46ºW, 31.00 Km. below the airplane and under an angle of
depression of 43º. From position B, the boat is observed at point C under a
depression angle of 17º and in the direction N21ºW. Determine the course, the
distance traveled by the boat and the flight angle of the plane during
time that measures between 60.00 Km.

The axis of a pipe is AB and is defined as follows: B is to the south.

from A and the pipe has a slope of 27% upward. Another pipe is such
that C is 2.00 meters to the left, 2.00 meters in front, and 1.00 meter below the
Point A, this pipe has a direction of S46ºE and a descending slope of
21%. Find the main projections of such pipes, knowing that A(5,
8, 16) in meters

The axis of tunnel AB has a bearing of N47ºW, a depression angle of 31% and
a length of 83.00 m. The axis of tunnel AC has a bearing of N61ºE and angle
of a depression of 17º with a length of 96.00 meters. It is desired to know the
characteristics of a third BC tunnel that connects the ends of the previous ones and the
depth of B and C with respect to the level of point A as a reference

From a torpedo boat, a submarine is observed 68.00 meters to the north 69.00
55.00 meters to the east and 55.00 meters below sea level, at that moment the boat
follows a course of N61ºE at a speed of 34.00 kilometers per hour and the
submarine ascends on a heading of S31ºO, an inclination of 41% and a
speed of 15.00 kilometers per hour. Respond according to the calculations
correct

a) Will the boat reach exactly above the submarine

The boat will arrive at the meeting point first.
c) If they pass at the same moment, what distance separates them?

An airplane is observed at point A 450 meters above sea level,

it is heading S46ºW at a speed of 195.00 kilometers per hour and gains
height at a rate of 635.00 meters per minute. From a battleship located in the
a direction of S12ºE and an angle of depression of 41º with respect to point A is shot
a rocket projectile to the plane when it was at an altitude of 805.00 meters above
the sea level. Determine the characteristics of the projectile's trajectory
supposed straight

PAGE No. 7
GRAPHIC SPELLING THE STRAIGHT

A plane, after dropping its load of bombs at a point 505 meters away from
Altitude above sea level is heading at a bearing of N65ºW at a speed of 365
kilometers per hour, gaining altitude at a rate of 1.20 kilometers per minute.
From an enemy cruiser that is disabled 2.30 Km to the west and
2.35 Km. south of A, a rocket projectile is fired in the direction of N31°E
destroy the airplane. Find the inclination of the trajectory of the shot, the height to the
what was the plane's altitude relative to sea level at the time it was shot down and
the distance at which the plane was from the ship at the moment of impact

From an observation post O, the presence of a UFO 1505 is detected.

mts. above. The view is oriented S31ºW and has a 75% slope.
establishing that the UFO is heading in the direction N65ºE and gaining altitude at a rate
at 208.00 meters per second. At the same moment of the observation, from
a battery located 4.00 km to the south, 4.00 km to the east, and 0.70 km above the
from the observation post, a rocket is launched on a straight trajectory and in
north direction, making impact on the UFO one second later. Determine
the speed of the UFO and the rocket in kilometers per hour, knowing that:
A (4, 1, 11) SCALE 1: 49000

Two WILD theodolites are located at points K and L, which are aimed at the cup.
and at the foot of a tree, respectively. K's view has a direction of N76ºE and
descending slope of 30% and the visual of L has an orientation of N56ºW and
descending slope of 60º. Find the height of the tree. If due to operator error
Located in L, it has an orientation of N65ºW and the other data remains the same. What is it?
the height of the tree? If by operator error located in K it results in slope
40% increase and the other data remains the same. What is the height of the tree?
Knowing also that K (2, 5, 12) L (16, 10, 14) meters.

From a restaurant R located in the Eiffel Tower at 200.00 meters high, one
observe a car heading N60ºW at an angle of 20º. Moments later the
the car is located at a point 50.00 meters above the previous one, being observed
which is now at the direction N45ºE at an angle of 30º. Find the heading.
and the distance traveled by the car, knowing that R (1000, -, 600) meters.
SCALE: 1:10000

Without using additional views, obtain the front projection of the line MN.
what cuts AB and CD, knowing that A(5, 1, 13) B(5, 6, 8) C(13, 6, 12) D(13, 2,
8) M(3, -, 12) N(10, -, 9) cms.

Using only the main horizontal and frontal projections, locate the
front projection of point M knowing that MF is frontal, measures 05.00 cms. and
cuts AB at point F, it is also known that:
M (7, -, 11) A (11, 3, 13) B (11, 5, 8)

From points A, B, and C located below the surface of the ground, three are excavated.
tunnels that lead into a fourth tunnel PQ at a point located 15.00 m.
Below P. Determine the course, the slope, and the length of the first three.
and its cost (partial and total) knowing that the linear meter of excavation is 100.00
dollars and that
A(10, 40, 70) B(35, 10, 130) C(90, 25, 110) P(50, 45, 105) Q(50, 20, 90) mts.

Two bomber planes flying along trajectories MN and PQ to a

at a speed of 1000 kilometers per hour, they decide to attack each other when they
they are located at N and Q, where they aim and fire at the same moment.

PAGE No. 8
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT

Find the direction and slope of the trajectories of the supposed shots
rectangles and that the planes are shot down, knowing that the speed of the projectile is
at 2000 kilometers per hour. Which of the planes is shot down first? Indicate
the position at the moment of being shot down, knowing that;
M (2, 11, 20) N (9, 10, 20) P (3, 6, 15) Q (7. 8, 16)

A drainage pipe runs through a room with the following dimensions 10.00
mts. wide, 12.00 mts. long and 08.00 mts. high. The pipe enters this
large warehouse from a point on the left wall 2.00 meters below the
ceiling and 3.00 meters in front of the back wall; the pipe runs through until
reach a point on the right wall at 1.00 meters above the ground and 3.00 meters.
behind the front wall. From a point on the back wall located at
1.00 meters below the ceiling and 08.00 meters from the left wall comes a new one.
pipe that connects with the previous one at 90º. Find the length of the second one
pipe and at what length measured along the first pipe, will the point be
union of the wall. The lower left vertex of the front face of the warehouse
it is the point O (2, 1, 10)

Divide the segment AB at point C in the proportion AC/CD = 3/2 knowing

that A (5, 8, 17) B (9, 12, 15) cms.

J, K, and L are three observation posts. From J, the presence of a

UFO A, in the direction S30°E with an elevation angle of 45° and 2000 meters.
above j. From K, the presence of another UFO B is also observed.
south direction with an elevation angle of 30º and 2500 meters east of this
observer.
From L, it is observed 10 seconds later that the two UFOs meet.
at a point C located in the direction N45ºW, 2000 meters below and at a
distance of 6000 meters from L.
Determine:
a) The characteristics of UFO trajectories
b) The speed of both UFOs
It is known that J (5, 7, 19) K (9, 5, 17) L (13, 6, 14) cm.
SCALE 1:100000

Find the main views of the line GM and indicate its heading and slope?

PAGE No. 9
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

Find out if DE and GI intersect

Find the lines XY and DV knowing that they are perpendicular to CE and that Y and D
They belong to CE. Also find the V.M. of XY and DV?

Complete view H, knowing that XY is a KM

In a clay pigeon shooting contest, the mechanism that launches is at point 'A' and
the shooter at point 'B', located 10 meters to the East, 2 meters to the South of 'A'. The plate
it is launched in the direction N 36º E and an inclination of 29º. At the moment that the
the dish reaches 27 meters in height, receives the impact of the shot. Find the
characteristics of the projectile's trajectory
A (6, - - , 11) SCALE 1: 250.

TA, TB and TC are the legs of a tripod resting on the ground, at points A, B
y C. Find the length of each leg
T (8, 7, 12) A (8, 2, 14) B (12, 2, 10) C (5, 2, 10) SCALE 1: 10

PAGE No. 10
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

Knowing that OP and RS intersect. Complete the views.

Knowing that WZ and XY are parallel. Complete the views

Find the visibility of the given pipes.

A hunter located in C shoots in the direction N 44° O and with a slope of

20º upwards. The projectile, after traveling 660 meters, impacts on
a pigeon that departs from P. Determine the direction of the pigeon’s flight,
considering both the trajectory of the projectile and the flight of the dove,
straight lines.
P (5, 5, 10) C (15, 7, 10) SCALE 1 : 12,500

PAGE No. 11
GRAPHIC SPELLING THE STRAIGHT LINE

The segments AB, JK, MN, and RS are part of the axes of four pipes of 0.4
meters of outer diameter. Determine its visibility
A (1, 6, 20) B (7, 11, 15) J (2, 9, 14) K (8, 5, 19) M (6, 13, 21) N (6, 5, 14)
R (1, 7.5, 20) S (8, 7.5, 20) SCALE 1: 50

The base of a 14-meter frequency modulated (transmitter) antenna.

height is located at 'A' and the base of the receiver is at B. The maximum height of
obstruction is CD. What should be the minimum height of the receiving antenna, for
that can receive a signal in a straight line from the transmitter while both are
at the same level
A (2, 2, 9.5) B (17, - - , 8.5) C (5, 4, 7.5) D (11, 5.5, 10) SCALE 1 : 490

Segment JK makes an angle of 55º with the front plane and extends towards
forward. The segment JL makes an angle of 44º with the profile plane and
it also extends forward. Draw the projections of lines JK and JL.
(6, 2, 14)

A plane is observed at point 'A' flying on a course of N 37º E. After

six minutes is at B, 66 Kms from A and 20 Kms below
At that point. When the airplane was at A, it observed a ship heading N 46º
At 30 km below it and with a depression angle of 43º. When the
the plane was at "B" observed the same ship, under an angle of depression of
14º west
tour of the ship, between the two positions where it was observed
SCALE1: 2,000,000

From the top of a tower "T" 450 meters above sea level, one can observe with
orientation S 65º O and with a depression angle of 34º, the position of a
ship "A" on the sea. Likewise, it is observed from the tower with orientation S 65º E and
with a depression angle of 45º the position at sea of another boat 'B'.
Find the H and F projections of the boats and the distance that separates them.
SCALE 1: 10,000

Complete the frontal projection of the line CD, knowing that it measures 9 meters.
length, is cut with PQ and goes down from C to D?
(2, - - , 14)

Without using additional view, determine the orientation and slope of line AB
what is perpendicular to JK. Also complete the projections of that line,
knowing that it has the same length as JK and that the lowest points of
both have the same height
(11, 8, 14)

PAGE No. 12
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

PAGE NO. 13
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

PAGE No. 14
GRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHY THE STRAIGHT LINE

PAGE No. 15