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Laboratory Drying Test Procedures

The document presents four problems related to the drying of porous materials using drying air. The first problem describes a laboratory drying test and asks to graph the drying rate curve. The second problem involves calculating the drying rate and drying time for a continuous dryer. The third and fourth problems ask to calculate the final moisture content and drying time for different conditions. The fifth problem involves calculating the drying time for different configurations and conditions.

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19 views3 pages

Laboratory Drying Test Procedures

The document presents four problems related to the drying of porous materials using drying air. The first problem describes a laboratory drying test and asks to graph the drying rate curve. The second problem involves calculating the drying rate and drying time for a continuous dryer. The third and fourth problems ask to calculate the final moisture content and drying time for different conditions. The fifth problem involves calculating the drying time for different configurations and conditions.

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Drying

A laboratory drying test will be carried out on a


0.1 m2 sample of a laminated fibrous material. The sample is
suspended from a balance; its sides were sealed and the drying took place
from the two largest sides. The air had a bulb temperature
dry bulb temperature of 65 °C, wet bulb temperature of 29 °C; its speed was
1.5 m/s through the sample. Then the sample was dried in an oven at
110 °C
a) Graph the drying rate curve
b) They take 8.6 hours to dry the same leaves at 20% (base
humid) using air of the same temperature and humidity, but
with an air speed 50% higher. Calculate the final humidity (in
wet base) assume that the critical humidity remains
constant.

Time, Mass, Kg Time, Mass, Kg Time, Mass, Kg


h h h
0.0 4.820 3.0 4.269 7.0 3.885
0.1 4.807 3.4 4.206 7.5 3.871
0.2 4.785 3.8 4.150 8.0 3.859
0.4 4.749 4.2 4.130 9.0 3.842
0.8 4.674 4.6 4.057 10.0 3.832
1.0 4.638 5.0 4.015 11.0 3.825
1.4 4.565 5.4 3.979 12.0 3.821
1.8 4.491 5.8 3.946 14.0 3.819
2.2 4.416 6.0 3.933 16.0 3.819
2.6 4.341 6.5 3.905

A continuous countercurrent dryer was designed to dry 800 lb of


wet porous solid per hour from 140% humidity to 20%
both in dry base. Air is used at a dry bulb temperature of
120ºF
the output is 0.012. The average equilibrium moisture content is
of 5% of the dry weight. The total moisture content (dry basis) in the
The critical point is 40%. It is assumed that the reserve will remain at a
temperature of 3 °F above the wet bulb temperature of
air throughout the dryer. The heat transfer coefficient is 12
BTU/ft² °F. The area exposed to air is 1.1 ft²/lb dry solid.
Calculate the drying rate in the constant period and the time of
drying.
3. A sample of a plate-shaped material, porous, manufactured,
of mineral origin was dried on both sides through circulation
air tangential in a laboratory dryer. The sample was
square with 0.3 m side, 6 mm thick; the sides were
sealed. The airspeed over the surface was 3 m/s, its
the dry bulb temperature was 52 ºC and its wet bulb temperature,
21 ºC. There were no effects from radiation. The solid lost moisture at a
constant speed 7.5(x10-5) kg/s until the content was reached
humidity critical, 15% (wet basis). In the decreasing period of the
speed, the rate of evaporation decreased linearly with the content
of humidity until the sample dried. The humidity at equilibrium
It can be disregarded. The dry weight of the plate was 1.8 kg.
a) Calculate the final humidity in dry and wet basis if the time for
to cut the sheets of this material of 0.6 by 1.2 m by 12 mm of
thickness, on both sides, from 25% (BH) is 3.24 hours; it
it will use air at a dry bulb temperature of 66 ºC, but of the
same absolute humidity; at a linear speed over the sheet of
5 m/s. Assume that there is no change in the critical humidity at
change the drying conditions.

4. A sample of a material in the form of a plate, porous, manufactured,


mineral origin was dried on both sides through circulation
air tangential in a laboratory dryer. The sample was
square of 0.3 m on each side, 6 mm thick; the sides were
sealed. The airspeed over the surface was 3 m/s, its
the dry bulb temperature was 52 °C and its wet bulb temperature,
21 °C. There were no effects from radiation. The solid lost moisture at a
constant speed 7.5(x10-5) kg/s until the content was reached
humidity critic, 15% (wet basis). In the decreasing period of the
speed, the evaporation speed decreased linearly with the content
of moisture until the sample dried. The moisture at equilibrium
It can be disregarded. The dry weight of the sheet was 1.8 kg.
a) Calculate the time to dry the leaves of this material measuring 0.6 by 1.2
m by 12 mm thick, on both sides, from 25 to 2% of
humidity (wet basis); air at the bulb temperature will be used
dry, 66 ºC, but with the same absolute humidity; at a speed
linear on the sheet at 5 m/s. Assume that there is no change in the
critical humidity when changing drying conditions.
5. A sheet with a wet weight of 5 kg originally contains 50%
of humidity. The panel is 600 x 600 x 75 mm; the content of the
Equilibrium humidity is 5% of the total weight when placed in
contact with cold air at 20 °C and 20% humidity. Calculate:
a) The drying time to dry only from the top side of the sheet
up to 15% humidity.
b) If the air is heated to a temperature of 60 °C, while maintaining the
absolute humidity, calculate the drying time.
If the drying method is changed, and the process is done on both sides,
determine the drying time for the initial conditions of
air, 20 °C and 20% humidity.

Drying speed data for single-sided drying


Weight
lamina 9.1 7.2 5.3 4.2 3.3 2.9 2.7
damp,
(Kg)
Speed
dried 4-9 4-9 4.4 3.9 3.4 2.0 1.0
(Kg/h. m2)

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