EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY UNIT 2

• Question 1
1 in 1 points
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy occurs when there is an increase
in the size of the individual's heart, especially in
thickness of the walls of the heart chambers, which can
to cause a decrease in the cavity of the chamber. An athlete who
training with heavy loads can result in a type of hypertrophy of
heart, which is known as 'athlete's heart.'
Unlike the pathology, in this type of hypertrophy, there is a
increased heart chamber size. This change in the athlete has as
consequence, at rest:
Response
Selected: increase in the volume of blood ejected by the
heart causing a decrease in
resting heart rate.
Response
Correct: increase in blood ejection volume
by the heart causing a decrease
of resting heart rate.
Comment Correct answer. Chronic hypertrophy caused
from the response: through exercise, it can increase the thickness and the
size of the left ventricle, causing a
greater blood ejection volume and causing
a decrease in resting heart rate.
• Question 2
1 point per 1
The increase in exercise intensity raises the demands
energetics that lead to greater formation of H ions+,
changing the blood pH and making it more acidic. The body
humans seek to rebalance any changes in blood pH,
keeping this within appropriate values for the
functioning of cells. This balance is achieved through
from the equation:

H2O + CO2 H2CO3

H+ + HCO3 -
Now, choose the correct alternative to restore the pH to
normal values.
 Response
Selected: Increase in breathing rate, eliminating
but CO2, causing a decrease in
H ions+ and decreasing the pH.
Response
Correct: Increase in the breathing rate, eliminating
but CO2, causing a decrease in
H ions+ and decreasing the pH.
Comment Correct answer. That's right! This is a
of the response: acid-base balance in which the elimination of
CO2causes an imbalance that is
reestablished with the consumption of the reagents of the
on the other hand, if there is a decrease in
H concentration+ and consequently,
causing a decrease in pH.
• Question 3
1 in 1 points
The Voice2max

it is a measure of an individual's maximum aerobic power. He

it is a good indicator of an athlete's ideal maximum performance.
Another important data point for performance is the lactate threshold,
for it is the point of maximum effort where there is no accumulation of
lactate, that is, all lactate produced is eliminated by the body.
This would be the maximum intensity to allow for exercise.
prolonged, as intensities greater than the lactate threshold
result in interruption of the practice over time.
Choose the correct alternative considering the equations
shown below and knowing that, above the lactate threshold,
there is an accumulation of lactate and carbonic acid, this being a
weak acid that is soon dissociated, increasing the concentration
of H+ and the CO pressure2.
Lactic Acid + NaHCO3
Sodium lactate + H2CO3
H2O + CO2 H2CO3
-
H+ + HCO3
Response
Selected: The increase in the concentration of H+ and the pressure
of CO2they increase the respiration rate,
 causing hyperventilation in an attempt to
reestablish the blood pH.
Response
Correct: The increase in hydrogen concentration+ and a
CO pressure2increase the rate of
breathing, causing hyperventilation in
attempt to restore blood pH.
Comment Correct answer. Very well. The body always
of the response: prevents blood acidosis, as this impairs the
systemic functioning of the organism. From this
Thus, the increase in the concentration of H+ and a
CO pressure2
it causes an increase in the breathing rate
(hyperventilation), in an attempt to decrease the
concentration of CO2and consequently,
decreasing the concentration of H+ and of pH
sanguine
• Question 4
1 in 1 points
Today it is trendy to use HIIT (high-intensity interval training)
or "high-intensity interval training" as exercise
miraculous for burning fat. HIIT is characterized by
high intensity stimulus repetitions (above the threshold of
lactate) followed by a period of passive recovery (without
effort) or low-intensity active.
Understanding the responses of the endocrine system to exercise
Physical, choose the correct alternative regarding HIIT.
Answer
Selected: Increases the release of catecholamines
(adrenaline and noradrenaline) in the current
blood-based, which causes carbohydrates
be used as an energy source for the
exercise.
Response
Correct: Increases the release of catecholamines
(adrenaline and noradrenaline) in the current
blood-related, which makes it so that the
carbohydrates should be used as a source
energy for exercise.
 Comment Correct answer. Congratulations! The exercises of
high intensity requires high energy generation
(ATP), which is provided through the system
glycolytic, which is based on the metabolism of
carbohydrates are facilitated by the increase in
release of catecholamines.
• Question 5
1 in 1 points
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 60% of
the world's population does not engage in the necessary physical activity,
which can lead to various health problems, such as diabetes and
obesity. The minimum amount of physical exercise
recommended by the WHO is 150 minutes of aerobic activity
moderate or 75 minutes of intense aerobic activity.
Worried about this data and the lack of exercise
physically, an individual seeks a physical education professional
for the development of an appropriate training program for
his demands, which include a lack of time. The professional chooses
by the HIIT model, where repetitions of a period occur
active with high intensity with a passive or active period of
low intensity. To better determine what is high or low
intensity, an ergospirometric test is performed and the
results are presented below:
• aerobic threshold reaching 7 km/h;
• anaerobic threshold reaching 11 km/h;
• VO2max
reaching 14 km/h.
Based on the knowledge provided by physiology of
exercise and the definition of HIIT, what would be the best model of
training (main part)?
Response
Selected: Six repetitions of 60 seconds at a speed of
12 km/h with active recovery of 120 s
a speed of 6 km/h.
Response
Correct: Six repetitions of 60 seconds at a speed
at 12 km/h with active recovery of 120 s
at a speed of 6 km/h.
Comment on the correct answer. Congratulations! Intensities
Response: above the anaerobic threshold are high, below the
 aerobic threshold is light and between the two are
moderate.
• Question 6
1 in 1 points
Cardiac output (Q) is the amount of blood, in liters,
pumped by the heart to
each minute is defined by the following formula: Q = frequency
cardiac (HR). Left Ventricle Ejection Volume (LV).
Considering the effects caused in the system
cardiorespiratory due to the increase in exercise intensity, and
given that the increase in VS is limited until
approximately 40% of the individual's maximum capacity,
choose the correct alternative.
Response
Selected: For intensities above 40% of the
maximum capacity of the individual, the debit
cardiac output increases only due to the increase in
FC.
Response
Correct: For intensities above 40% of the
maximum capacity of the individual, the debit
cardiac increases only by the increase of
FC.
Comment Correct answer. The cardiac output is
from the response: dependent on FC and VS. Increasing the
exercise intensity, increase the
physiological demands, causing an increase
in FV and in VS. As we saw, the increase in VS
goes up to approximately 40% of capacity
maximum of the individual. For greater intensities,
only the FC will cause changes in the debit
cardiac.
• Question 7
1 point out of 1
The implementation of a training program over a period
adequate allows the human body to adapt to types of
stimuli that were applied to you. These changes are
known as chronic changes.
Which alternative is most associated with a chronic alteration?
provoked by resistance training?
 Answer
Selected: Increase in the number and size of
mitochondria.
Correct Answer:
Increase in the number and size of
mitochondria.
Comment on the correct answer. Congratulations! The training of
response: resistance stimulates the formation of new
mitochondria and also the increase in size
them.
• Question 8
1 in 1 points
In a street running race, the course had a great
number of steep descents (slopes). A participant
who was used to training on flat routes did this
he tried and, the next day, woke up feeling a lot of pain in the
thigh muscles. He sought a physical education professional.
physics to ask what happened, because after your
During training, he was not used to feeling this pain.
The physical education professional said that on the slopes the
muscles were greatly challenged by performing:
Response
Selected: an eccentric action: muscular torque is
less than the torque of the external load and occurs
an active stretching of the muscle fibers.
Response
Correct: an eccentric action: the muscle torque is
less than the torque of the external load and
an active stretching of the fibers occurs
muscular.
Comment Correct answer. Very well! The race in
from the answer: decline has the characteristic of having actions
eccentric, as the leg muscles will
to undergo a natural shortening due to the action
of the forces involved.
• Question 9
1 in 1 points
Physical exercise can be considered a unique remedy for
combats various pathologies, having the ability to do so
 that people who use drugs to treat certain illnesses,
have these drugs suspended by their doctors. The
benefits caused by exercise promote various adaptations
in human physiological systems, both acute and chronic.
Consider the following statements regarding the changes
provoked by exercise in the cardiorespiratory system.
I. Decrease in resting systolic blood pressure.
II. Decrease in resting heart rate.
III. Increase in the peripheral resistance of blood vessels.
IV. Increase in cardiac output allowing the achievement of intensities
higher.
Which alternative contains the correct statement(s)?
Selected Response:
I, II and IV.
Correct Answer:
I, II and IV.
Comment Correct answer. Congratulations! The exercise provokes
from the answer: a decrease in blood pressure and in
resting heart rate, decrease of
peripheral resistance and increased flow
cardiac at high intensities (increase of
left ventricular ejection volume.
• Question 10
1 in 1 points
Blood doping involves removing the athlete's blood.
to then inject it again with the intention of increasing the
amount of red blood cells. This practice is considered doping.
by the World Anti-Doping Agency. But why this
Does the procedure improve the athlete's performance?

Response
Selected: Increases the supply of oxygen to the cells,
favoring the production of ATP by the system
aerobic.
Answer
Correct: Increase the supply of oxygen for the
cells, promoting the production of ATP
through the aerobic system.

Comment Correct answer. The increase of red blood cells.

of the answer: increases the supply of oxygen to the cells
muscular, facilitating the oxidative system and
generating more energy for contraction
muscular.
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY UNIT 4
• Question 1
1 in 1 points

For many people, children's responses to physical exercise

they occur in a manner very similar to the responses of adults.
Thus, generally speaking, with a little encouragement, most of
children tend to be physically active. However, with the changes
in relation to the current lifestyle, in which technologies have
tornado as people increasingly sedentary, it also has
increased concern about health and physical fitness of
children, which has consequently originated many debates
There are doubts about how much exercise a child can do.
Regarding this topic, mark the correct alternative.

Response
Selected:
The training programs must be
elaborated according to the stage of
maturation of the child and not according to the
chronological age.

Response
Correct:
Training programs must be
elaborated according to the stage of
child's maturation and not according to the
chronological age.

Comment Correct answer! Congratulations! Physical training

the answer: must always respect the stages of maturation
of individuals. Here, the physiological maturation must
be the main guide for the evolution of
physical preparation of children.

• Question 2
1 out of 1 points
 Muscle strength is an essential physical quality for the
performing daily physical activities, being necessary even until
even in simple tasks like walking. Thus, your loss
drastically interfere with the quality of life of the elderly, leaving-
the most physically dependent (DANTAS; OLIVEIRA, 2003).
DANTAS, E. H. M.; OLIVEIRA, R. J. Exercise, maturity and
quality of life. 2nd ed. Rio de Janeiro: Shape, 2003.
Thinking about that, what is the main physical activity for the
strength development in the elderly?

Selected Answer:
Weight training.

Correct Answer:
Weight training.

Comment on the correct answer! Congratulations! Weightlifting

response: increases strength and promotes hypertrophy, which is
the increase of muscle mass.

• Question 3
1 in 1 points

In terms of child motor development, we highlight

some characteristics of children to be developed,
such as physical abilities and motor skills. Despite
though both seem similar, they are different and if
they complement each other, that is, one is composed from the other.
Based on this, mark with (1) the items that concern
physical abilities and with (2) the items that refer to the
capabilities motors.

( ) Resistance.
( ) Agility.
( ) Flexibility.
( ) Strength.
( ) Speed.
( ) Coordination engine.
 Now, select the option that presents the correct association.

Selected Response:
1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2.

Correct Answer:
1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2.

Comment
from the answer:
Correct answer! Congratulations! Strength, resilience and
Flexibility is an example of capacities
physical, while agility, speed and
motor coordination are examples of
motor skills.

• Question 4
1 in 1 points

During pregnancy, there is a strong recommendation for the practice of

physical activity. Thus, it is clear that practicing regularly,
at least 30 minutes of physical activity per day can promote
numerous benefits to pregnant women, including the prevention of
gestational diabetes. Pregnant women with controlled diabetes should
perform aerobic exercises and muscle resistance to help
no control glycemic.
Analyze the following statements and classify them as true (T),
if they present care that must be followed during the
exercise during pregnancy, or false (F) if not
present these care.
Perform appropriate capillary glycemic control before and after
exercise.
Have a quickly absorbable carbohydrate available in case of
hypoglycemia during o exercise.
Suspend physical activity in case of bleeding during
a gestation.
( ) To carry out a activity in fasting.
 Now, mark the option that presents the correct sequence.
of responses.

Selected Response:
V, V, V, F.

Correct Answer:
T, T, T, F.

Comment
from the answer:
Correct answer! Contrary to what is stated,
the exercise must be performed after the meal,
for it is the moment when there is the greatest

availability of circulating glucose.

• Question 5
1 to 1 points

The difference in O2 consumption between genders can reach 10-

20%. However, we can observe a decrease in this
difference when we analyze the best brands among men
and women in the main competitions around the world.
One of the factors that lead to the difference in oxygen consumption
between men and women is:

Response
Selected: the difference in the diameter of the airways,
larger lung volumes and surfaces of
diffusion.

Answer
Correct: the difference in the diameter of the airways,
larger lung volumes and surfaces
of diffusion.

Comment Correct answer! Men present

larger diameters of the airways, larger
pulmonary volumes and diffusion surfaces. Already
 women exhibit lung volumes
lower and maximum expiratory flow rates
inferiors.

• Question 6
1 in 1 points

The process of gestation may be one of the most

special cycles in a woman's chronological cycle. However, to generate a
life brings changes and anatomical and physiological adaptations
during the entire pregnancy, changes that, in some cases,
they can be painful, like those that can generate lordosis
exaggerated.
About physical exercises during pregnancy, it is correct to state that:

Response
Selected:
combined stretching activities and
strength training can help improve
of quality of life when one has a
hyperlordosis.

Response
Correct:
combined stretching activities and
strength training can assist in
improvement of quality of life when one has
a hyperlordosis.

Comment Correct answer! The combination of exercises of

muscle strengthening and stretching will help
the pregnant woman in maintaining her new posture
caused by the bodily changes that occurred
during pregnancy.

• Question 7
1 in 1 points

In a survey conducted in the cities of São Paulo, Curitiba, and Rio

in January, researchers Ceschini and Lima (2005) analyzed
the active lifestyle profile of employees from 14 industries. Thus,
 they observed that 50.7% are sedentary; 38.6% are
moderately active; 8.6% are active; and 2.1% are very active.
CHESCHINI, F. L.; LIMA, V. Level of physical activity in
administrative and factory workers: an analysis of
agreement with gender, work sector and participation in
workplace gymnastics program. Collection research in education
physics Jundiaí, v. 3, p. 149-152 2005.
In light of the presented research, analyze the following statements.
analyzing how a physical education professional can assist
in promoting a healthy lifestyle outside of the environment of
work.
I. Enable the understanding of the basic concepts related to
à health e à aptitude physics.
II. Develop lectures that encourage the practice of activities
physical activities outside the workplace.
III. Conduct physical tests on employees regularly,
aiming to observe and measure your physical performance.
IV. Organize competitive sports events in order to measure and
compare the performance of employees through practice
sports.
Is it correct what is stated in:

Selected Response:
I and II.

Correct Answer:
I and II.

Comment on the correct answer! It is the duty of the professional to

response: physical education to guide and raise awareness of the
individuals for the practice of physical activity.

• Question 8
1 in 1 points

Imagine a sedentary individual, 46 years old, 28% body fat.

corporal, body mass index (BMI) of 29, blood pressure
at rest with values of 144/90 mmHg, hypertensive response
to the effort, VO2maxof 34 ml/kg/min, manifestation of problems
 cardiovascular and non-smoker. To meet this student, the
physical education professionals should:

Response
Selected:
pay attention to the risk of cardiovascular diseases;
schedule aerobic exercise with
duration between 20 to 60 minutes and strength
at least three activities to be carried out
times a week; recommend the search for
other health professionals.

Response
Correct: pay attention to the risk of diseases
cardiovascular; schedule exercises
aerobic exercises lasting between 20 to 60
minutes and dynamic force to be
carried out at least three times a week;
recommend looking for other professionals
of health.

Comment
of the answer: Correct answer! In addition to what is expressed in the alternative
d, according to recommendations from the Organization
World Health, a job is also needed
multidisciplinary with professionals in the area of
health to better serve this
individual.

• Question 9
1 by 1 points

Among the physical activities practiced by men and women,

weight training has stood out, becoming very
sought by those who aim to improve the
body aesthetics and some related physical components
health. However, it is possible to observe differentiated responses among
men e women.
Analyze the following statements regarding the factors that
they would explain this differentiated response.
 I. Lower strength values presented by women.
II. Difference in plasma concentration of the main muscles
anabolic in rest e after o exercise.
III. Composition of muscle fibers distinct between men and
women.
IV. Differences in fatigue tolerance in repetitive efforts of
high intensity.
There are factors that explain this differentiated response:

Selected Response:
I, II and IV.

Correct Answer:
I, II and IV.

Comment
of the answer:
Correct answer! There are similarities in
composition of muscle fibers in men and
women. Thus, what distinguishes them, in the
true, it is the volume of fibers, being greater in
men than in women.

• Question 10
1 in 1 points

Body fat can increase due to factors such as intake

high caloric intake and lower expenditure, uncontrolled energy balance,
prolonged for weeks, months or years, what becomes
prejudicial to health. The amount of body fat present in a
subject is related to its energy balance, changing with
As time passes, being determined by calorie expenditure and
for the ingestion caloric.
Consider the following statements regarding obesity.
I. Type I obesity is characterized by excess body weight.
total sem concentration particular.
II. Type II obesity is associated with a decrease in the fraction of
LDL cholesterol, instigating an increase in problems
cardiovascular and the resistance to insulin action.
III. Type III obesity is marked by excess visceral fat
the abdominal area and, in addition, it is associated with problems
cardiovascular and to the resistance to the action of insulin.
IV. Type IV obesity may change more during periods of
pregnancy e weaning precocious.
The statement(s) is/are correct:

Selected Response:
III and IV.

Correct Answer:
III and IV.

Comment Correct answer! Type III and IV obesity

the answer: they can be considered the most dangerous, as
the people who possess them contain an accumulation
large visceral and abdominal fat and
are more likely to acquire problems
cardiovascular.