Development
Indicators
Key Development Indicators (KDIs)
• They are measurable and quantifiable
variables that provide insights into the
progress, performance, and well-being
of a country, region, or community.
• These indicators are crucial for
assessing development goals,
measuring achievements, and guiding
policy decisions.
• The specific set of key development
indicators can vary based on the
context and goals.
1. Economic indicators 2. Health Indicators
Gross Domestic Product Maternal Mortality Rate: The number of maternal
(GDP): A measure of the deaths per 100,000 live births.
total economic output of a
country. Access to Healthcare: Measures the availability and
accessibility of healthcare services.
Gross National Income
(GNI): The total income Disease Incidence Rates: Rates of prevalent diseases
earned by a country's in a population.
residents, including
income from abroad. Life Expectancy: The average number of years a
person is expected to live. This can be used as an
Employment Rate: The indicator of the healthcare quality in a country, level
percentage of the working- of sanitation and provision of care for the elderly
age population that is
employed. Infant Mortality Rate: The number of deaths of infants
under one year old per 1,000 live births.
3. Educational indicators 4. Environmental indicators
Enrollment Rates: The Carbon Emissions: The
percentage of eligible students amount of carbon dioxide and
enrolled in educational other greenhouse gasses
institutions. emitted.
Literacy Rates: Rates of
literacy across different age Air and Water Quality:
groups. The percentage of the Measures the cleanliness and
population that can read and safety of air and water.
write.
Educational Attainment: The Biodiversity Index: The
highest level of education variety of species in an
completed by individuals in ecosystem.
the population.
6. Infrastructure and Access
5. Gender Equality indicators
Indicators indicators
Gender Pay Gap: The Access to Clean Water and
difference in earnings between Sanitation: The percentage of the
men and women. population with access to clean
water and proper sanitation
Women's Representation in facilities.
Leadership: The percentage of
women in leadership roles. Electricity Access: The percentage
of the population with access to
Educational Attainment by reliable electricity.
Gender: Disparities in
education between genders. Internet Penetration: The
percentage of the population with
access to the internet.
7. Governance and Institutional 8. Poverty and Inequality indicators
Indicators indicators
Poverty Rate: The percentage of the
Corruption Perception Index: population living below the national
Measures the perceived levels poverty line.
of corruption in a country.
Income Inequality: Measures the
Rule of Law Index: Assesses distribution of income within a
the strength and effectiveness population.
of legal frameworks and
institutions. 9. Innovation and Technology indicators
Political Stability and Research and Development (R&D)
Government Effectiveness: Spending: Investment in research
Indicators reflecting the and development activities.
stability and effectiveness of
the government. Technology Adoption Rates: The
extent to which new technologies are
adopted within a society.
[Link] Human Development Index (HDI)
The HDI is a composite statistic calculated from the:
Life expectancy index: reflects the average number of year
s a person can expect to live, providing an indication of the
overall health and longevity of a population.
Education index: combines indicators of mean years of
schooling and expected years of schooling to assess the
educational attainment and access to education within a
population, offering insights into the knowledge and skills
of the workforce.
Mean years of schooling index: quantifies the average
number of years of education received by people aged 25
years and older, providing a snapshot of the educational
level attained by a society.
The Human Development Index (HDI)
The HDI is a composite statistic calculated from the:
Expected years of schooling index: estimates the total
number of years of education a child entering school can
expect to receive, offering an outlook on the potential
future educational attainment within a society.
Income index: reflects the average income per capita in a
country, providing an assessment of the economic
well-being and standard of living within a population based
on their purchasing power and access to resources.
Countries are ranked based on their score and split into categories that suggest how well
developed they are.
These key development indicators collectively provide a
comprehensive picture of a region's or country's development
status and can guide policymakers in making informed decisions to
address challenges and promote sustainable development.
The selection of specific indicators depends on the goals and
priorities of the development agenda.
Inclusive growth
Inclusive growth refers to both
the pace and pattern of growth, which
are considered interlinked and therefore need to
be addressed together.
Inclusiveness represents equality of opportunity in terms of access to
markets, resources and an unbiased regulatory environment for businesses and
individuals.
In a nutshell, it is not just about the quantity of growth within our economies and societies,
but also about its quality.
Inclusive Growth matters because widening inequality have been shown to lead to a range of social and economic
challenges for societies over time.
THANK YOU