CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
QUESTION AND ANSWERS:
Q.1. Differentiate between the following:
(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
(b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
(c) Endangered and extinct species
(d) Flora and fauna.
Ans. (a)
Wildlife Sanctuary Biosphere reserves
Wildlife sanctuary is the place Biosphere reserves are the
where wild animals are area used to conserve
protected in their natural biodiversity like plants,
habitat. animals and microorganisms.
Here poaching or capturing the It contains many wildlife
animals is prohibited. sanctuaries and national parks
(b)
Zoos Wildlife Sanctuaries
Zoos are the places where Wildlife sanctuaries are used
some animals are protected into protect and conserve
artificial habitats for public wildlife in their natural
view. habitats
(c)
Endangered species Extinct species
The species which are at the The species which exist no
verge of extinction and more on the earth are called
required protection and extinct species.
conservation are called
endangered species.
(d)
Flora Fauna
Flora is used for wide varieties Fauna is used to refer to all the
of plants. varieties of animals.
[Link] the effects of deforestation on the following:
(a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (Rural areas)
(d) Cities (Urban areas)
(e) Earth
(f) The next generation.
Ans. (a) Wild animals: Deforestation destroys the habitats
of many wild animals. They are left to die without their
natural shelter.
(b) Environment: Deforestation affect the environment
adversely due to disturbance of ecological balance. The
amount of carbon dioxide is increased in the atmosphere
and causes global warming.
(c) Villages (Rural areas): The villagers depend on forests.
They are closely related to forests. Due to deforestation
various wild animals run to nearby villages and cause
danger to them. Villagers will not get fruits, fuel, wood due
to deforestation.
(d) Cities (Urban areas): Deforestation does not affect the
life of cities directly badly but changes in climate affect
cities. Calamities like flood and droughts do not spare cities.
(e) Earth: Deforestation affects the earth. The fertile land of
earth is converted into deserts and its temperature rises. It
changes its climate and environment.
(f) The next generation: Many beautiful fauna and flora are
destroyed due to deforestation. So, next generation will not
be able to see them. They will not get clean and cool
environment. They will not have clean and healthy
environment.
[Link] will happen if:
(a) we go on cutting trees.
(b) the habitat of animal is disturbed.
(c) the top layer of soil is exposed.
Ans. (a) If we go on cutting trees then:
(i) Ecological balance is disturbed.
(ii) Earth will loose top fertile layer and will be converted
into desert.
(iii) Floods and droughts will become more frequent.
(iv) Many animals lost their shelters.
(v) There will be a scarcity of things like fruits, paper which
we get from forests.
(b) Animals become unprotected and unconserved
when the habitat of animal is disturbed. It becomes
endangered.
(c) Top layers of soil are fertile. If they are exposed,
they lose their fertility and humus. It causes desertification.
Q.3. Answer in brief:
(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?
(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild
animals. Why?
(c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?
(d) What are the causes and consequences of
deforestation?
(e) What is Red Data Book?
(f) What do you understand by the term migration?
Ans. (a) Biodiversity is conserved, to save them from
extinction.
(b) The protected forests are not also safe
completely for wildlife because the poaching takes place at
large scale in these areas. The poachers kill wild animals in
those protected areas.
(c) Some tribals depend on jungle for their food,
cloths, shelter and other requirements.
(d) Deforestation is caused due to urbanisation and
industrialisation.
Deforestation is responsible for desertification
and natural calamities. Many species of plants and animals
are destroyed due to deforestation.
(e) Red Data Book is the record book and source
book of all the endangered animals and plants.
(f) Periodical movement of a species of birds from
their native place to other places due to changes in climate
is called migration. The purpose of migration is for breeding
and to enjoy long summer days.
Q4. Explain how deforestation leads to reduce rainfall.
Ans. Plants are the main agent to maintain the water cycle
in the environment. So cutting of trees reduces the rainfall
of that area. If plants will not absorb water from soil they
will not evaporate in the environment to form clouds. If
clouds will not be formed then no rain-fall takes place. In
this way deforestation reduces rainfall.