Question 1

Q: What percentage of children in South Africa live with their extended family?

 Keywords trong câu hỏi: percentage – children – South Africa – extended family

 Cue words trong bài đọc (B):

o percentage → “almost 70%”

o South Africa → “In South Africa”

o children → “children live”

o extended family → “with other adults such as aunts, uncles and grandparents in addition
to their parents”

 Đoạn dẫn chứng:

“In South Africa, it is almost 70%.”

 Giải thích:
Câu hỏi hỏi “tỉ lệ % trẻ em ở Nam Phi sống cùng đại gia đình”. Trong đoạn B, tác giả nêu rõ “In
South Africa, it is almost 70%.” Con số này trực tiếp trả lời cho từ khóa percentage.

 Answer: ✅ 70%

Question 2

Q: What helps children in extended families learn about the past?

 Keywords: help – children – learn about the past – extended families

 Cue words trong bài đọc (D):

o children → “Children”

o learn about the past → “learn about the past”

o extended families → đoạn nói về vai trò của grandparents (ông bà – thành viên gia đình
mở rộng)

 Đoạn dẫn chứng:

“Children learn about the past from grandparents’ stories.”

 Giải thích:
Câu hỏi dùng từ help → văn bản trả lời bằng hành động cụ thể: “grandparents’ stories” giúp trẻ
“learn about the past”. Vì ông bà là thành viên của extended family, đáp án đúng là
grandparents’ stories.

 Answer: ✅ grandparents’ stories

Question 3

Q: What negative word can describe how it sometimes feels to live alone?
  Keywords: negative word – feel – live alone

 Cue words trong bài đọc (E):

o live alone → “living alone”

o feel → “Young adults often feel”

o negative word → “lonely” (trạng thái tiêu cực)

 Đoạn dẫn chứng:

“… living alone will be exciting, but they forget that it can also be lonely.”

 Giải thích:
Ở đây, “living alone” được nhắc trực tiếp. Tác giả so sánh “exciting” (tích cực) với “lonely” (tiêu
cực). Câu hỏi yêu cầu từ mang nghĩa “negative word” → đáp án chính là lonely.

 Answer: ✅ lonely

Question 4

Q: According to the Italian proverb, who should you phone when you have a problem?

 Keywords: Italian proverb – phone – problem – who

 Cue words trong bài đọc (F):

o Italian proverb → “As the Italian proverb says”

o phone → “call” (đồng nghĩa với “phone”)

o problem → “If things aren’t going well” (ngụ ý “when you have a problem”)

o who → “your grandmother”

 Đoạn dẫn chứng:

“If things aren’t going well, call your grandmother.”

 Giải thích:
Từ “call” = “phone”, “things aren’t going well” = “have a problem”. Như vậy, tục ngữ Ý khuyên
khi gặp vấn đề thì nên gọi cho “grandmother”.

 Answer: ✅ grandmother

📌 Question 1

Q: What has enabled people to have more friends than in the past, according to some people?

 Keywords: enabled – more friends – past – some people

 Cue words: “others believe that social media has helped us to expand and keep our friendships”

 Answer: ✅ social media (2 words – đúng yêu cầu)

📌 Question 2
Q: What phrase does the writer use to describe people who don't stay in the same place?

 Keywords: phrase – people – don’t stay – same place

 Cue words: “People are in general more geographically mobile nowadays.”

 Answer: ✅ geographically mobile (2 words – đúng yêu cầu)

📌 Question 3

Q: What work-related problem do people have that makes them less likely to form friendships?

 Keywords: work-related problem – less likely – friendships

 Cue words: “People now have less security at work and this also means that they find it harder
to build new relationships.”

 Answer: ✅ less security (2 words – rút gọn cho đúng yêu cầu)

Question 4

Q: What frequently influences the friendships of young children?

 Keywords: influences – friendships – young children

 Cue words: “Young children often choose their friends because of convenience …”

 Answer: ✅ convenience (1 word – đúng yêu cầu)

Question 5

Q: What are people with friends less likely to suffer from?

 Keywords: people with friends – less likely – suffer

 Cue words: “People who spend time with friends have fewer mental health problems …”

 Answer: ✅ mental health problems (3 words – đúng yêu cầu)

🎯 Final Correct Answers (≤ 3 words each):

1. social media

2. geographically mobile

3. less security

4. convenience

5. mental health problems

Ok 👌 mình sẽ làm theo format trước (Keywords → Cue words → Dẫn chứng → Giải thích → Đáp án, ≤ 3
từ) cho bài The history of childhood.
📌 Question 1

Q: What had not become a hot topic until the French historian Philippe Aries’ book caused great
attention?

 Keywords: hot topic – until Aries’ book – caused attention

 Cue words (line 1): “The history of childhood has been a heated topic … since the highly
influential book … emerged in 1960.”

 Explanation: Câu hỏi hỏi “cái gì chưa trở thành vấn đề nóng cho tới khi …” → đáp án chính là
“the history of childhood”.

 Answer: ✅ the history of childhood (3 words)

📌 Question 2

Q: According to Aries, what was the typical image of children in Western Europe during the Middle
Ages?

 Keywords: Aries – typical image – children – Western Europe – Middle Ages

 Cue words (line 2): “children were regarded as miniature adults … in Western Europe during the
Middle Ages.”

 Explanation: Aries mô tả hình ảnh trẻ em như “miniature adults”.

 Answer: ✅ miniature adults (2 words)

📌 Question 3

Q: What historical event generated the need for a large number of children to work for a long time in
the 18th and 19th centuries?

 Keywords: historical event – need – children work – 18th & 19th centuries

 Cue words (line 3): “In the 18th and 19th centuries, industrialisation created a new demand for
child labour …”

 Explanation: Sự kiện lịch sử được nhắc rõ là “industrialisation”.

 Answer: ✅ industrialisation (1 word)

📌 Question 4

Q: What bill was enacted to protect children from exploitation in Britain in the 1800s?
  Keywords: bill – protect children – exploitation – Britain – 1800s

 Cue words (line 4): “… the Factory Act of 1833 signified the emergence of legal protection of
children from exploitation …”

 Explanation: Luật được ban hành là “Factory Act of 1833”.

 Answer: ✅ Factory Act (2 words)

📌 Question 5

Q: In what place did children spend the majority of time during their day in school?

 Keywords: place – children – majority of time – day – school

 Cue words (line 5): “… all children are expected to spend a significant part of their day in a
classroom.”

 Explanation: Nơi chốn được chỉ rõ là “classroom”.

 Answer: ✅ classroom (1 word)

🎯 Final Correct Answers (≤ 3 words each):

1. the history of childhood

2. miniature adults

3. industrialisation

4. Factory Act

5. classroom

👌 mình hiểu ý bạn rồi: bạn cần Form mở rộng thực sự giàu từ vựng (collocations, phrasal verbs, verb
phrases, idiomatic expressions) → không chỉ danh từ đơn lẻ. Đồng thời form phải đủ dài để triển khai 1
câu trả lời Band 9.0: có direct → elaborate → reflect, nhưng mỗi lớp phải có nhiều chỗ “fill-in” phong
phú.

Mình làm lại FULLY EXPANDED FORM + vocab sets (danh từ, động từ, collocation, phrasal verb) cho
Question 1 để bạn thấy rõ.

🔹 Q1: How many people are there in your family?

Expanded Form (3 lớp)

Direct answer

 There are ___ people in my family, including ___.

  My family is quite (nuclear / extended / close-knit / multi-generational).

 I live with ___, while my ___ live in ___.

Elaboration

 Each of us has a role: my ___ is the (breadwinner / caregiver / decision-maker).

 My ___ tends to (handle household chores / take care of finances / keep the family together).

 My ___ often (gives me advice / shares stories / supports me emotionally).

 We (spend quality time together / celebrate traditions / share responsibilities).

Reflection

 I feel (grateful / fortunate / blessed) because ___.

 Living together has taught me to (value family ties / respect differences / be more patient).

 To me, family means (unconditional love / stability / a strong support system).

Expanded Vocabulary Groups

🔹 Nouns (Family roles & structure)

 nuclear family, extended family, blended family, close-knit family, multi-generational household

 breadwinner, caregiver, homemaker, decision-maker, role model, confidant, mentor

🔹 Verbs & Phrasal verbs

 support, provide for, look after, rely on, depend on, get along with

 take care of, pitch in, bring up, grow up with, look up to, bond with

🔹 Adjectives & Collocations

 supportive, nurturing, warm-hearted, disciplined, strict but caring

 family-oriented, emotionally attached, financially dependent

 strong sense of belonging, unconditional love, mutual respect

🔹 Idiomatic expressions

 blood is thicker than water

 keep the family together

 the backbone of the family

 run in the family

Expanded Fill-in (Band 9.0 sample using form)

There are five people in my family, including my parents, my younger sister, my grandmother, and me.
We’re a close-knit, multi-generational household, since my grandmother has lived with us ever since I
was born. My dad is the main breadwinner who provides for us, while my mum takes care of most of the
household chores and manages to keep everything running smoothly. My grandmother is like a mentor
to me—she often shares fascinating stories about her youth, which I truly look up to. Personally, I feel
incredibly fortunate to have grown up in such a supportive family environment, because it has given me
a strong sense of belonging and taught me the value of patience, respect, and unconditional love.

Tuyệt vời 🙌. Vậy mình sẽ làm tiếp cho Q2, Q3, Q4 theo đúng format như Q1:

1. Expanded Form (3 lớp: direct – elaborate – reflect)

2. Expanded Vocabulary groups (nouns, verbs/phrasal verbs, collocations, idioms)

3. Expanded Fill-in (Band 9.0 sample)

🔹 Q2: How much time do you spend with your family?

Expanded Form

Direct answer

 I usually spend ___ (time) with my family, especially on ___.

 During the week, I can only ___, but at weekends we ___.

Elaboration

 We usually (have meals together / watch movies / go on outings).

 Because of (hectic schedule / heavy workload / academic pressure), I don’t always spend as
much time as I’d like.

 We make a conscious effort to (set aside time / bond over shared activities / celebrate
traditions).

Reflection

 I believe quality time matters more than quantity.

 Spending time with my family always (recharges me / helps me unwind / strengthens our
relationship).

 Without family time, life would feel (empty / unbalanced / stressful).

Vocabulary groups

 Nouns: quality time, family gathering, shared meal, weekend outing, daily routine
  Verbs/Phrasal verbs: hang out, catch up, chill out, set aside time, sit down together, unwind
with

 Collocations: hectic schedule, family bonding, meaningful conversations, weekend ritual, time
management

 Idioms: make time for, recharge my batteries, hit pause, the glue that holds us together

Expanded Fill-in

I usually spend most of my weekends with my family, particularly on Sunday evenings when we all sit
down for dinner together. During the week, because of my hectic study schedule, I can only catch up with
them briefly over breakfast or before bed. Still, we always try to set aside time for meaningful
conversations, or sometimes we just chill out watching a film. Personally, I believe quality time matters
more than quantity, and even a short chat can recharge my batteries and strengthen our bond. Without
these moments, I think my life would feel unbalanced.

🔹 Q3: What do you like to do together as a family?

Expanded Form

Direct answer

 We usually (have meals / travel / do household chores / play games / watch TV).

 One of our favorite activities is ___.

Elaboration

 Doing ___ allows us to (bond, share experiences, create memories).

 My parents enjoy ___ while my siblings prefer ___.

 We sometimes (go on family trips / celebrate traditions / volunteer together).

Reflection

 These activities bring us closer and remind me that family is priceless.

 They also teach me (teamwork / patience / appreciation for traditions).

 What I treasure most is the laughter and joy we share.

Vocabulary groups

 Nouns: family outing, household chores, board games, weekend getaway, family tradition

 Verbs/Phrasal verbs: bond over, pitch in, join in, sit around, go on a trip, celebrate together

 Collocations: shared hobby, precious memories, family ritual, lasting bond, quality
conversations
  Idioms: have a whale of a time, strengthen family ties, create a treasure trove of memories,
laughter is the best medicine

Expanded Fill-in

We usually have meals together and sometimes go on short family outings, like a picnic or a day trip.
Personally, my favorite thing is when we cook together, because it allows us to pitch in, share stories,
and bond over delicious food. Occasionally, we even play board games, which always ends up with lots
of laughter. These activities not only strengthen family ties but also create a treasure trove of memories
for me. More than anything, they remind me that family is priceless.

🔹 Q4: Do you get along well with your family?

Expanded Form

Direct answer

 Yes, I get along really well with my family.

 For the most part, we (understand each other / share similar values / respect differences).

Elaboration

 Of course, we sometimes (argue / disagree / have conflicts), especially about ___.

 But we usually manage to (talk it out / compromise / resolve things quickly).

 What keeps us together is (mutual respect / open communication / shared responsibility).

Reflection

 Getting along with my family makes me feel (secure / supported / understood).

 It has taught me to (be more patient / value harmony / deal with conflicts maturely).

 I can’t imagine life without their constant support.

Vocabulary groups

 Nouns: mutual respect, family harmony, conflict, argument, misunderstanding

 Verbs/Phrasal verbs: get along with, talk things out, sort out, iron out differences, see eye to
eye, fall out with

 Collocations: open communication, unconditional support, minor disagreements, strong family

bond, emotional security

 Idioms: through thick and thin, not always a bed of roses, bury the hatchet, blood is thicker than
water

Expanded Fill-in
Yes, I do get along really well with my family. For the most part, we see eye to eye on most things and
share the same values. Of course, we sometimes have minor disagreements, usually about housework or
my study habits, but we always manage to talk things out and bury the hatchet quickly. What keeps us
together is our mutual respect and the open communication we maintain. Personally, I feel incredibly
secure knowing that my family will always support me through thick and thin.

Rõ rồi 👍 bạn muốn mình làm cho Câu 5: Are there many different types of family in your country? theo
format mở rộng (Form – Vocabulary groups – Expanded Fill-in).
Mình sẽ triển khai chi tiết để hướng tới Band 9.0 nhé.

Q5: Are there many different types of family in your country?

Expanded Form (3 lớp)

Direct answer

 Yes, there are quite a few different types of family structures in my country.

 The most common ones are ___ (nuclear families, extended families, single-parent families,
blended families).

 Recently, there has also been a rise in ___ (dual-income families, childless families, same-sex
families).

Elaboration

 Traditionally, people used to live in ___, but nowadays ___ is becoming more popular.

 This change has been influenced by ___ (urbanization, migration, changing social values,
economic pressures).

 Each type of family has its own characteristics and challenges; for example, ___ families tend to
___, while ___ families often ___.

Reflection

 I think this diversity shows how society is evolving.

 Personally, I believe no matter what form a family takes, what really matters is ___ (love,
support, stability, emotional connection).

 In my opinion, this variety has both advantages and drawbacks, but it definitely makes modern
life more flexible.

Vocabulary Groups

 Nouns: nuclear family, extended family, single-parent household, blended family, childless
couple, dual-income household, cohabiting couple, same-sex parents, kinship ties
  Verbs/Phrasal verbs: consist of, be made up of, break up, settle down, take care of, rely on,
adapt to

 Collocations: changing family patterns, family dynamics, social norms, generational gap,
financial burden, emotional support

 Idioms: blood is thicker than water, bring home the bacon, the black sheep of the family, start a
family

Expanded Fill-in (Band 9.0)

Yes, there are definitely many different types of family in my country. Traditionally, most people used to
live in large extended families under the same roof, where several generations supported each other.
However, nowadays, nuclear families have become the most common, especially in urban areas,
because people tend to move out of their hometowns for education or job opportunities. Apart from
these, there has also been a noticeable rise in single-parent households and dual-income families, largely
due to changing social norms and economic pressures. Each type of family has its own dynamics; for
example, extended families often provide strong emotional support and childcare, while nuclear families
usually enjoy more privacy and independence. Personally, I think this diversity reflects how flexible and
adaptive modern society is, and at the end of the day, regardless of the structure, what matters most is
the love and stability a family provides.

Tốt 👌 mình làm tiếp cho Câu 6: Do your parents let you stay out late? What time do you have to be
home? theo format mở rộng (Form – Vocabulary groups – Expanded Fill-in, hướng tới Band 9.0).

Q6: Do your parents let you stay out late? What time do you have to be home?

Expanded Form (3 lớp)

Direct answer

 Yes, my parents are quite ___ (strict/lenient/understanding) about curfews.

 On weekdays, I usually have to be home by ___, but on weekends or special occasions, they
allow me to stay out until ___.

 It also depends on ___ (who I’m with / what kind of event it is / how far the place is).

Elaboration

 My parents believe that ___ (safety comes first / teenagers need freedom / family rules should
be respected).

 If I want to stay out late, I usually have to ___ (inform them in advance / check in regularly /
promise not to be too late).

 Sometimes they are more flexible when it’s ___ (a family gathering / a school event / a trusted
group of friends).
Reflection

 Personally, I think their rules are quite reasonable because ___ (the city isn’t very safe at night /
it teaches me discipline / it shows they care about me).

 I also feel that having a curfew helps me balance ___ (schoolwork and social life / family
responsibilities and personal freedom).

 In the future, when I’m more independent, I’ll probably have more freedom, but right now I
understand their concerns.

Vocabulary Groups

 Nouns: curfew, house rules, safety concerns, social events, nightlife, parental control, trust,
discipline

 Verbs/Phrasal verbs: allow, permit, restrict, set a curfew, check in with, stick to the rules, sneak
out (informal), negotiate with

 Collocations: strict upbringing, protective parents, reasonable rules, family expectations, mutual
trust, personal freedom

 Idioms: burn the midnight oil (study/work late), the night is still young, better safe than sorry,
lay down the law

Expanded Fill-in (Band 9.0)

Well, my parents are actually quite reasonable when it comes to letting me stay out late, but they do
have certain rules that I need to stick to. On weekdays, I usually have to be home by around 9 or 10 p.m.
because they want me to focus on my studies and get enough rest. On weekends, though, they’re a bit
more flexible and sometimes allow me to stay out until midnight if I’m with close friends or attending a
family gathering. They’ve always emphasized that safety comes first, so as long as I keep in touch and let
them know where I am, they don’t really mind. Personally, I think their curfew is fair and actually helps
me maintain a healthy balance between social life and academic responsibilities. I know some people my
age complain about overprotective parents, but I see it as a sign that they genuinely care about me, and
honestly, better safe than sorry.

Tuyệt 👌 mình sẽ làm tiếp cho Câu 7: Who are you closest to in your family? theo format mở rộng (Form
– Vocabulary groups – Expanded Fill-in, hướng tới Band 9.0).

Q7: Who are you closest to in your family?

Expanded Form (3 lớp)

Direct answer
  I’m definitely closest to my ___ (mother / father / sibling / grandparent).

 We have a very strong bond because ___ (we spend a lot of time together / we share similar
interests / they really understand me).

 Compared to other family members, I feel ___ (more open / more supported / more connected)
with them.

Elaboration

 For example, I often ___ (talk to them about my problems / go out with them / study with
them / share hobbies like cooking or sports).

 They’ve always been there to ___ (give me advice / cheer me up / guide me through difficult
times).

 I think the reason we’re so close is that ___ (we have similar personalities / they are very patient
/ they make me feel comfortable).

Reflection

 Honestly, I feel really lucky to have such a supportive ___ in my life.

 This relationship has taught me a lot about ___ (trust / empathy / responsibility / unconditional
love).

 In the future, no matter where I live, I’ll make sure to ___ (stay in touch / look after them /
spend quality time with them).

Vocabulary Groups

 Nouns: bond, connection, trust, role model, confidant, companionship, guidance, emotional
support

 Verbs/Phrasal verbs: confide in, look up to, get along with, rely on, open up to, look after, turn
to sb, bring up

 Collocations: close-knit family, mutual understanding, shoulder to cry on, heart-to-heart talk,
shared interests, unconditional support

 Idioms: like two peas in a pod, get on like a house on fire, thick as thieves, through thick and
thin, blood is thicker than water

Expanded Fill-in (Band 9.0)

I would say I’m closest to my mother. We’ve always had a really strong bond because she understands
me better than anyone else in my family. For example, whenever I feel stressed about schoolwork or
personal issues, she’s the first person I confide in, and she always manages to give me the right advice or
simply comfort me when I need it. We also share some hobbies, like cooking and gardening, so we spend
a lot of quality time together on the weekends. I think the reason we’re so close is that she’s incredibly
patient and never judges me, which makes it easy for me to open up to her about anything. Honestly, I
feel very fortunate to have such a supportive role model in my life. She has taught me the importance of
empathy and resilience, and I know that no matter where I go in the future, I’ll always make an effort to
stay connected with her and take care of her the way she has always taken care of me.

Rõ rồi 👍 mình sẽ làm tiếp cho Câu 8: Which are more important to you: your family or your friends?
nhưng không lặp lại từ vựng, collocation, idiom đã dùng ở câu 6 và 7.

Q8: Which are more important to you: your family or your friends?

Expanded Form (3 lớp)

Direct answer

 If I had to choose, I would say my ___ (family/friends) are more important because ___.

 Even though I value both, I think ___ plays a bigger role in my life since ___.

 For me, ___ provides something that ___ cannot.

Elaboration

 My family has always been there to ___ (guide me / shape my values / support me financially).

 Meanwhile, my friends help me ___ (relax / see life from different perspectives / enjoy my
youth).

 Still, when it comes to ___ (serious decisions / emotional security / long-term support), I
naturally turn to my ___.

Reflection

 To be honest, it’s not a simple either-or choice because ___ (each relationship serves a different
purpose / both are essential in their own ways).

 Personally, I believe maintaining a balance between family ties and friendships is the key to ___
(emotional stability / personal growth / overall happiness).

 At the end of the day, though, I know that ___ will always come first if I have to make a tough
choice.

Vocabulary Groups

 Nouns: kinship, companionship, solidarity, loyalty, priority, foundation, emotional anchor, moral
compass

 Verbs/Phrasal verbs: lean on, depend upon, nurture, stick with, shape, foster, outweigh, stand
by
  Collocations: lifelong commitment, trusted circle, shared laughter, unwavering loyalty, moral
support, cornerstone of life, lasting bond

 Idioms/Expressions: stand the test of time, birds of a feather flock together, blood ties, fair-
weather friend, pillar of strength

Expanded Fill-in (Band 9.0)

If I really had to make a choice, I would say my family is more important than my friends. The main
reason is that my family forms the foundation of my life — they’re the ones who shaped my values,
provided me with a stable upbringing, and have stood by me in every stage of my growth. Friends are
undoubtedly valuable because they bring joy, new perspectives, and companionship, but at the end of
the day, friendships sometimes come and go, whereas family ties stand the test of time. For example,
when I face a tough decision, I instinctively lean on my parents for guidance rather than my peers,
because I know their advice comes from unconditional care rather than temporary emotions. That being
said, I don’t think it’s an either-or choice; I try to maintain a balance between nurturing my family
relationships and fostering close friendships, because both are essential for my wellbeing. Still, if I were
forced to prioritize one, my family would always be my pillar of strength and the ultimate source of
support in my life.

Ok, mình mở rộng chi tiết hơn rất nhiều cho đúng Part 2, tập trung riêng vào 2 phần bạn yêu cầu
(Introduction & Background). Mỗi phần gồm:

 Khung ý (logic)

 Câu mẫu có chỗ trống (gap-filling patterns)

 Cụm collocations / phrasal verbs / cấu trúc nâng band để bạn lắp vào.

1) INTRODUCTION — Who this person is + Relationship

A. Logic gợi ý

1. Mở chủ đề tự nhiên → 2) Nêu người → 3) Xác lập mối quan hệ & vai trò → 4) Câu “hook” dẫn
vào phần Background.

B. Gap-filling patterns (nâng band)

 Neutral lead-in:
I’d like to talk about my ___, who has been my ___ for as long as I can remember.

 Hook (nhấn mạnh):

If there’s one person who has shaped my life more than anyone else, it’s my ___.

 Xác lập vai trò & mức độ ảnh hưởng:

He/She is not only my ___ but also my ___ (mentor/anchor/role model), and has played a
pivotal role in my upbringing.
  Chuyển mạch sang Background:
To give you a better picture of why I admire him/her so much, let me briefly walk you through
what he/she has gone through.

C. Collocations / Phrasal verbs / Structures để điền

 Ảnh hưởng & mối quan hệ: look up to, be close to, have a strong bond with, be the bedrock of,
be a guiding light, be instrumental in shaping…, have a hand in bringing me up

 Nhấn mạnh (structures):

o What really sets him/her apart is…

o It was he/she who first taught me… (đảo ngữ nhấn mạnh chủ thể)

o No other person has had such a profound impact on…

 Từ đánh giá: formidable work ethic, unshakeable integrity, boundless compassion, razor-sharp
mind, calm under pressure

 Liên kết mượt: speaking of which, more specifically, to put it simply, to begin with

2) BACKGROUND — What they have done in their life (Past Achievements/Experiences)

A. Logic gợi ý (kể chuyện theo dòng thời gian)

Early life → Turning point(s) → Challenges → Actions/Decisions → Achievements → Legacy/Impact.

Bạn chỉ cần chọn 3–4 “mảnh ghép” dưới đây và lắp theo trật tự là ra một đoạn kể chuyện mạch lạc.

B. Gap-filling patterns theo từng “mảnh ghép”

(1) Early life / xuất phát điểm

 Back in ___ (year/place), he/she ___ (studied/worked as/was brought up in) a ___
(humble/modest/underprivileged) family.

 Growing up, he/she had to ___ (help out/chip in/shoulder responsibilities) because ___.

(2) Challenges / nghịch cảnh

 Despite ___ (poverty/illness/setbacks), he/she refused to throw in the towel and kept ___
(pushing forward/plugging away).

 There was a time when ___ (event), which tested his/her resolve to the limit.

(3) Turning point / bước ngoặt

 The turning point came when he/she ___ (won a scholarship/landed a job/set up a small
business) in ___, which opened doors to ___.

 What changed everything was ___, and from then on he/she ___.
(4) Actions & decisions / hành động cụ thể

 He/She poured his/her heart into ___ (studies/work/project) and made a habit of ___ (burning
the midnight oil/showing up early).

 To support the family, he/she took on multiple jobs / set aside personal dreams / tightened the
belt for ___ (time period).

(5) Achievements / thành tựu

 After years of relentless effort, he/she ___ (built a thriving ___ / earned a degree in ___ /
became a respected ___).

 Against all odds, he/she managed to ___, which set a shining example for the younger
generation.

(6) Legacy/Impact / giá trị để lại

 More importantly, he/she instilled in us the value of ___ (resilience/grit/honesty).

 His/Her story still resonates with me whenever I ___ (face pressure/make big decisions).

C. Collocations / Phrasal verbs / Idioms để lấp vào

 Nghịch cảnh: overcome adversity, weather the storm, bounce back, pick oneself up, be up
against it

 Nỗ lực & kỷ luật: stick at it, keep one’s nose to the grindstone, put in long hours, work one’s way
up, leave no stone unturned

 Hi sinh & trách nhiệm: make sacrifices for, shoulder the burden, put family first, tighten one’s
belt, go without

 Thành tựu & tác động: turn dreams into reality, break new ground, set the bar high, pave the
way for, be a trailblazer

 Cụm thời gian & chuyển đoạn: back then / in those days / over the years / after a string of
setbacks / eventually / from that point on

D. Cấu trúc ngữ pháp nâng band (cắm vào bất cứ đâu)

 Participle clause (nén thông tin): Having grown up in ___, he/she learned to ___.

 Inversion for emphasis: Never did he/she complain, even when ___.

 Causative nuance: It was this hardship that forged his/her character.

 Relative clauses phong phú: the values that he/she passed down to us

 Parallelism (nhịp điệu): He worked hard, saved every penny, and refused to give up.

Mini “fill-and-go” đoạn Background mẫu (bạn chỉ thay chỗ trống)
Back in ___, he/she was brought up in a ___ household, often chipping in with ___ just to make ends
meet. Despite ___, he/she kept his/her nose to the grindstone, ___ (turning point), which opened doors
to ___. From that point on, he/she put in long hours, shouldered the burden for the family, and worked
his/her way up to become ___. Against all odds, he/she ___, and more importantly, instilled in us the
value of ___, which still guides my choices today.

Rất tốt 👌 mình thấy bạn đang đi đúng hướng: bạn đã có Introduction + Background và bây giờ bạn
muốn phần Present – Reasons – Conclusion được triển khai chi tiết, nhiều lựa chọn từ vựng,
collocations, phrasal verbs, cấu trúc nâng band. Mình sẽ làm theo format giống 2 phần trước, để bạn có
một outline part 2 cực đầy đủ.

3) PRESENT – What they do now (Current Role/Personality)

A. Logic gợi ý

 Công việc hiện tại / tình trạng (retired, still working, semi-retired, volunteer, homemaker)

 Vai trò trong gia đình / cộng đồng (caregiver, advisor, breadwinner, mentor)

 Thói quen, hoạt động hằng ngày

 Tính cách, đặc điểm nổi bật → dẫn đến “Reasons”

B. Gap-filling patterns

 At the moment, he/she is ___ (retired, still working as a ___, focusing on ___).

 Nowadays, he/she usually spends time ___ (gardening, volunteering, taking care of
grandchildren, guiding young people).

 Even though he/she is ___ (old, retired, no longer in the workforce), he/she still ___ (supports,
inspires, mentors, keeps learning).

 In everyday life, he/she is widely regarded as ___ (kind-hearted, dependable, the backbone of
the family, someone with a heart of gold).

C. Collocations / Phrasal verbs

 lead a simple life, be the family backbone, serve as a mentor, pass down wisdom, be generous to
a fault, hold the family together, embody patience, be respected across generations, keep an eye
on everyone

 Phrasal verbs: look after, step in to help, stick by us, cheer us up, carry on inspiring

D. Grammar tricks

 Inversion: Rarely does he/she complain, no matter what happens.

 Relative clause: He/She is the one who everyone turns to for advice.
4) REASONS – Why I admire them (Values, Influence on me)

A. Logic gợi ý

 Lý do chính (personality trait, values, sacrifices)

 Liên hệ trực tiếp đến mình (impact, lessons, role model)

 Nêu cụ thể ví dụ / ảnh hưởng trong đời sống

B. Gap-filling patterns

 The main reason I admire him/her is that he/she has always been ___ (selfless, determined,
resilient, supportive).

 He/She has instilled in me the values of ___ (discipline, honesty, perseverance), which I still live
by today.

 I am deeply impressed by the way he/she ___ (balances work and family / remains optimistic
even in hardship / puts family first no matter what).

 Without his/her guidance, I honestly don’t think I would have been able to ___ (achieve my
goals / overcome setbacks / grow into who I am now).

C. Collocations / Phrasal verbs

 pillar of strength, unwavering dedication, be the driving force behind, shape my outlook on life,
influence my choices, inspire confidence, set a moral compass for me, be my lifelong mentor,
serve as a source of motivation

 Phrasal verbs: look up to, carry me through tough times, push me forward, keep me on track

D. Grammar tricks

 It was…that… (Cleft sentence): It was his/her unwavering dedication that inspired me the most.

 Not only…but also: He/She not only guided me but also gave me the strength to stand on my
own feet.

5) CONCLUSION – Wrap up (Summarize + Reflection)

A. Logic gợi ý

 Tóm lại: nhấn mạnh vai trò trong đời mình

 Nhấn mạnh admiration (guiding star, role model)

 Hướng về tương lai (mong muốn học theo, bước tiếp con đường)

B. Gap-filling patterns

 All in all, my ___ is not just a family member but truly a lifelong role model who has shaped me
into who I am today.
  To me, he/she is my guiding star, my moral compass, and my greatest teacher all rolled into
one.

 Looking ahead, I sincerely hope I can follow in his/her footsteps and ___ (make my family
proud / live a meaningful life / contribute to society just as he/she has done).

C. Collocations / Idioms

 follow in someone’s footsteps, guiding star, lasting influence, eternal role model, source of
inspiration for generations, invaluable lessons, live up to his/her standards, carry on his/her
legacy

D. Grammar tricks

 Parallelism for rhythm: He/She has guided me, inspired me, and shaped me in ways words can
hardly capture.

 Wish clause (band nâng): I only wish I could one day possess even half the wisdom and strength
that he/she embodies.

Rõ rồi 👍. Bạn muốn một outline chi tiết hơn, cụ thể hơn, đầy đủ cụm từ và mẫu câu sẵn, giống như một
“khung trả lời 9.0” để điền vào. Mình sẽ viết lại part 2 gap-filling outline cho 2 phần đầu tiên
(Introduction + Attendees), đảm bảo:

 Trình tự logic

 Có chỗ trống để điền thông tin cá nhân

 Kèm theo collocations, phrasal verbs, động từ/cấu trúc nâng cao.

📌 GAP-FILLING OUTLINE (chi tiết) – “Describe a family celebration that you remember”

1. Introduction – What celebration it was

Form (gap-filling):

 I’d like to share a cherished memory of ___ (e.g. my grandmother’s 70th birthday / my parents’
silver wedding anniversary).

 This milestone event took place in ___ (our family home / a cozy restaurant / my grandparents’
house) about ___ (two years ago / when I was in high school).

 It was truly a once-in-a-lifetime celebration that I often look back on whenever I want to bring
up memories of togetherness and happiness.

👉 Collocations: special occasion, cherished memory, milestone event, once-in-a-lifetime celebration,

joyful gathering, unforgettable day
Phrasal verbs: look back on, bring up memories, hold on to (memories), pass down traditions
👉 Advanced structures:
  It was not just an ordinary day, but rather a milestone that marked ___.

 Whenever I look back on that occasion, I can’t help but feel ___ (nostalgic / grateful).

2. Who was present – Attendees

Form (gap-filling):

 Almost everyone in my extended family showed up, including ___ (parents, siblings, cousins,
uncles, aunts, grandparents).

 Some relatives even came over from ___ (abroad / another city) just to be part of the
celebration, which made it even more meaningful.

 Having so many generations get together under one roof created ___ (a heart-warming
atmosphere / a lively vibe / a sense of unity).

 I also had the chance to catch up with ___ (cousins I hadn’t seen for ages / relatives I rarely
meet), which added to the joy.

👉 Collocations: family reunion, close-knit family, multi-generational gathering, relatives from near and
far, lively atmosphere, family bond
👉 Phrasal verbs: get together, catch up with, come over, show up, bring along, join in
👉 Advanced structures:

 What struck me most was the way everyone, regardless of age, blended in so naturally and
joyfully.

 Never before had I seen such a lively multi-generational gathering in my family.

Rất tốt 👍 bạn đã đưa khung cho phần 3–4–5, mình sẽ mở rộng chi tiết hơn (giống như phần mình đã làm
ở trên cho 1–2), đảm bảo:

 Có form gap-filling dễ điền.

 Thêm collocations, phrasal verbs, advanced structures.

 Giữ logic mạch lạc từ Introduction → Attendees → Activities → Feelings → Conclusion.

📌 GAP-FILLING OUTLINE (chi tiết) – “Describe a family celebration that you remember”

3. What you and your family did – Activities / Preparations

Form (gap-filling):

 To make the day truly special, we ___ (decorated the house with festive ornaments / cooked a
big home-cooked meal / ordered a surprise cake).
  Everyone chipped in to ___ (prepare traditional dishes / arrange tables and flowers / organize a
family photoshoot).

 During the event, we ___ (sang songs together / played fun games / shared old family stories /
raised a heartfelt toast).

 At one point, we all ___ (burst into laughter / took countless family photos / joined in a karaoke
session), which created a joyous atmosphere.

👉 Collocations: festive decorations, home-cooked meal, family photoshoot, joyous atmosphere, cheerful
gathering, burst into laughter, priceless moment
Phrasal verbs: put up (decorations), join in (activities), take part in, chip in (to help), set up (tables,
stage), look back on
👉 Advanced structures:

 What made the celebration stand out was the way everyone eagerly took part in the
preparations.

 Hardly had we finished putting up the decorations when the house was already filled with
excitement and laughter.

4. Why you enjoyed it – Feelings / Reflection

Form (gap-filling):

 I enjoyed the celebration mainly because it gave me the chance to ___ (bond more closely with
my cousins / show appreciation to my parents / reconnect with relatives I rarely see).

 What touched me the most was ___ (seeing my grandparents smile from ear to ear / listening to
heart-warming stories about my parents’ youth).

 For me, it wasn’t just a party but ___ (a reminder of family values / a celebration of love and
unity / proof of how strong our bond is).

 Never before had I felt so ___ (close to my relatives / grateful for my family / inspired to
maintain these traditions).

👉 Collocations: strengthen family bonds, treasured memory, sense of belonging, heart-warming

experience, lasting impression, priceless lesson
👉 Advanced structures:

 It was the atmosphere of love and unity that made the day unforgettable. (Cleft sentence)

 Never before had I felt such a profound sense of belonging. (Inversion)

 Had it not been for this celebration, I wouldn’t have realized how much I value family gatherings.
(Conditional)
5. Conclusion – Wrap up

Form (gap-filling):

 All in all, that celebration has remained ___ (a vivid memory / a treasured milestone / a timeless
moment) in my heart.

 To me, it symbolizes ___ (the essence of family / the love and unity that tie us together / a
tradition worth carrying on).

 In the future, I sincerely hope we can ___ (carry on this tradition / create many more gatherings
like this / pass down these moments to the next generation).

👉 Collocations: lasting memory, family tradition, source of happiness, timeless moment, carry on the
tradition, inspiration for generations
👉 Advanced structures:

 Not only was it a joyful gathering, but it also turned into an invaluable lesson about love and
gratitude.

 In years to come, I believe I will still hold on to this memory as one of the most meaningful
celebrations of my life.

Q1. In what ways have families in your country changed in recent years?

Form (gap-filling)

 Over the past few decades, families in my country have undergone significant changes,
particularly in terms of ___ (family size / living arrangements / parenting styles).

 In the past, it was common for ___ (extended families to live under one roof / parents to have
many children), but nowadays, most families tend to ___ (prefer smaller households / move to
urban areas for work).

 Another noticeable shift is that ___ (both parents are working full-time / young people are
getting married later), which has ___ (altered family dynamics / affected how children are
raised).

 Technology has also transformed family life, as ___ (people spend less face-to-face time / family
members often stay connected through social media instead).

👉 Collocations: extended family, nuclear family, dual-income household, shifting family dynamics,
smaller household size, traditional upbringing, generational gap
Phrasal verbs: grow apart, move out, catch up with (relatives), keep in touch, take after
👉 Advanced structures:

 No longer do most families live in extended households; instead, nuclear families have become
the norm. (Inversion)
  What strikes me most is how rapidly family roles have evolved due to modernization. (Cleft
sentence)

 Had it not been for urbanization, family structures might have remained more traditional.
(Conditional)

Q2. Should husbands and wives have different roles within the family? Why (not)?

Form (gap-filling)

 Personally, I believe that husbands and wives ___ (should / should not) have different roles,
because ___ (gender equality has become more important / traditional roles no longer fit
modern society).

 In the past, men were expected to ___ (be the breadwinner / make important decisions), while
women were supposed to ___ (take care of the children / handle household chores).

 However, nowadays, many couples ___ (share responsibilities equally / split both financial and
domestic duties), which ___ (creates more balance in the household / reduces conflict).

 To me, what matters is not who does what, but rather that ___ (both partners support each
other / the workload is fairly distributed / children see equality as a family value).

👉 Collocations: breadwinner role, gender stereotypes, shared responsibilities, equal partnership,

household chores, division of labor, family harmony
👉 Phrasal verbs: pitch in (help with chores), take on (responsibility), step in, carry out (tasks), look after
(children)
👉 Advanced structures:

 It is not gender but ability and willingness that should determine who takes on which role.

 Only when both partners share responsibilities equally can a family function in harmony.
(Inversion)

 Were husbands and wives forced into rigid roles, it would hinder personal growth and marital
happiness. (Conditional)