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Science 1 Practical Notes

The document outlines a series of chemistry experiments involving reactions of various substances, including magnesium, zinc, and lead nitrate, along with observations and conclusions about displacement, combination, and decomposition reactions. It includes multiple choice questions related to the periodic table and properties of halogens, as well as procedural steps for conducting the experiments. Additionally, it discusses the effects of light on medicines and rancidity in oils, providing a comprehensive overview of chemical reactions and their classifications.

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311 views31 pages

Science 1 Practical Notes

The document outlines a series of chemistry experiments involving reactions of various substances, including magnesium, zinc, and lead nitrate, along with observations and conclusions about displacement, combination, and decomposition reactions. It includes multiple choice questions related to the periodic table and properties of halogens, as well as procedural steps for conducting the experiments. Additionally, it discusses the effects of light on medicines and rancidity in oils, providing a comprehensive overview of chemical reactions and their classifications.

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wasim98766
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
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Procedure 1 Take three test tubes ad abel them as A, Band C. wank neon omen eee potassium bromide in nitrate solution and stir it son the stand and observe. Obseovations it 1 + AgNO, ———» KNC + ARC) f Oy 2. Elements in the halogen family belonging 6 17* group in the periodic table DOM The. thrice fest tubes fp e. diSpiacemen Multiple Choice 1. Valency of the elements in the halogen group is « none b. wo ©. three 4 four 2. The most reactive element in the halogen group is .. fava: INe., a. Ast eo b, lodine ¢. Chlorine yae’Fluorine 3. The halogen which is liquid at room temperature is ..f3%.9.00.N2. a. Fluorine, Astetine \¢,Bromine _. lodine 1 i asel 4, The metallic character of elements «10 4$.CL. ina group from top to hottom \actnereases —_b, decreases c, remains constant d, shows indefinite behaviour 5. Valentcy of elements [Link] in a period from left to right. a. Increas b. dec \ectemains constant di in the beginning and then decreases: + Exercise ¢ 1, Observe the Modern Periodic Table and explain the gradation n reactivity of Halogen family. Tn... ADS... OEM, COI OG6. .LTDIC Gee NON, CA!e bey hae ret D... pein. Ru They. can [Link] ae He Guus Ing tse deuieke a Wthat ars tie senile Getty eriies of el ASS ty Simon lorites ye Nologen.... WT ey... QM..[Link], 2), Aney.. Oy yy ‘ONS. YyThes “nave js SATney... aM. “CXS AS-i}, - 3. Why does Inert gases ae pose ® % 1. Sado 1€ 2 Setieas ot. PEM, ACE aS. : Remark and Signature Aim: To identify the type of 1, Combustion of magnesium in ai 2. Action of dilute sulphurie acid on 21° 3. To heat lead nitrate: Apparatus ; Beaker, test tubes, palt of tony sacl nitrate Chemicals : Zine dust, magnesium strip, lead ld Procedure + Part L: Combustion of magnesian in at o of a burner 1. Hold a piece of magnesium strip on the lar » reaction. 2. Record the observation and write the reactor Reaction bs 2Mg +O, ———> 2Mg0 (s) Observations : 1, ‘The magnesium strip burns with luminous 2. Awhite coloured powder remains behind. flame, Toreresting Feature of ] f : Number of | Number 0! eee: Reaction reactants 2Mp+O0, —> 2MgO Part IL: Action of dilute sulphuric acid on zine 1, Take some zine dust in a test tube 2. Add 3 to 4 ml dilute sulphuric acid (dil. H,SO,) 19H" 3, Record the observation and write the equation : ‘Zn (s) + 1180, (aq) ——— 2"80, + 4H, Reaction 2 Observations : 1. A colourless gas is liberated. 2. A glowing splinter get extinguished and the gas burns with blue flame production 4 noise, 3. The zine powder disappears and a colourless solution is obtained Zn +H,SO, —» ZnSO, + H, Part IIl : To heat lead nitrate, 1. Take a one teaspoonful white coloured lead nitrate powder in a test tube. 2. Heat it on a burner, 3. Holdha moist blue litmus paper at the mouth of the test tube. 4, Hold a glowing splinter at the mouth of the test tube, ' 5. Record the observation and write the reaction. Reaction 3: 2Ph(NO,), __Heal_, 2 PhO(s) + 4NO, +0, 4 Observatio 1, A reddish brown coloured gas turning moist blue litmus paper red is liberated. 2. The glowing splinter keeps on glowing. 2Pb(NO, ), —Heat, 2PbO(s) + 4NO,t +0,4 Inference / Conclusion : 1. Reactions arg called ‘displacement {eactions’, when atom or group of atoms in one substance takes place of atom or group of atoms in the other substance to form new substances. For example, action of dilute sulphuric acid on zinc. Reaction are called ‘combination reactions’, when a single product is formed from two or more reactants in a chemical reaction. For example, the reaction between magnesium and oxygen. . When two or more simpler substances are formed from a single compound, the reaction is called ‘decomposition reaction’. For example, heating lead nitrate. Multiple Choice Questions .. Feaction. \combination b. displacement —_c, decomposition _d. double displacement 1. Rusting of an iron nail is a .. ‘The following change is observed on dipping a'litmus paper in aqueous solution of MgO. Red litmus turns blue, therefore MgO is alkaline. b. Blue litmus turns red, therefore MgO is acidic. c. No colour change in litmus paper, therefore MgO is neutral. d. Litmus paper is decolourised, therefore MgO acts as bleaching agent. 3. What is the colour of a solution formed on dipping a piece of zinc in dilute sulphuric acid’ ecolouriess b. colourless solution turns red. c. black dred OO brere 1 Why does Some liquid medicines kept in dark 1 bottles CO\OVs @ SAME liguid medicines ae eet iO dat chen bottles eCAWSE same medicine can bay 0 Which can seacts with Iight and shay . ese Aecampase in the presence of light a the : HiQurd medicin e cept in ae ines ave icem in a\ONr: eo! then ths will pevem the cmedrcined R..come. in contant uit hight 2. Why does edibie ails shows rancidity when stored for long period 7 bhen edible ons que’ stewed fas long pewod ot h NM ONDAHON occurs These 15 cashan cosh (}. I OUbe hands 19 Fats and ols which ave token hy OeygeNA in te almospheve Ay avesult Of te. q long. Period Gd tme fols and ols hecome TANK 3. BasO, + 4¢ In above reachon, write Bas + 4c for each reactant that undergoes oxidation or reduction and identify the type of reaction “ta the ahove veachon Baso, 5 a yeactant Whit undergone yeducthon wheweos voactont Cashon yndeygoes oxdohon Tn...AMIS sea chon oxidahon and veduchon aigathen ta\ce lace. simultaneous! FRevekone this (2 nedar veachoon 4 # Give one example each of displacement, decompostion apd“ combination reaction with en seachon a 2.0. =? 2n80u #64 Mis... eaction. 20°15 move veahve thon w [Link] Veachve 4 Le tex. Aecomposes. into OnPa, pergs eck IE CMIOEN Hho eacho }O.1—2. MgO. is, on} displacement, decomposition and double displacement. Reaction : 1. Reaction of water with (Calcium Oxide) lime. 2. Effect of heat on ferrous sulphate. 3. Reaction of copper sulphate solution with iron nail. 4, Reaction of solutions of sodium sulphate and bariym chloride with each othe) Apparatus : 250 ml beaker, china dish, asbestos sheet, dropper, hard glass test tube, test tube holder, test tube stand, sand paper, burner / spirit lamp, filter paper etc. Chemicals + Calcium oxide, water, crystals of ferrous sulphate, iron nail / wire scrubber, solution of copper sulphate. Procedure + A. Reaction of water with slaked lime. 1. Take about 10 gm lime in a clean and dry china dish, place this dish on an asbestos sheet. 2. Take a little water in a beaker, using dropper sprinkle some water on the lime in the dish. Record your observations. Observation : during the reaction by touching the dish. | Note whether a gas or vapour is given away in the reaction. Note the noise, if, any, produced during | . the reaction. Note the change in the physical state Reaction > Cals) + —H,O(l) ——™_ Ca(OH), (aq) calcium oxide water calcium hydroxide Inference / Conclusion : The reaction of water with lime is calcium oxide and water react to {« ey OW) ds. reachon hence .. reaction, Here Calcr inn Procedure : B. Efe: Effect of heat on crystals of ferrous sulphate Figure : (Label the following diagram.) Procedure: 1. Take about 10 gm of powdered crystals of ferrous sulp! 2. Clamp the test tube to a stand and heat it with burner /s} 3. Note the colour of the gas evolved. (Do not smell the gas)- 4. Continue heating until the colour of the substance in the test tube changes. . 5. Keep the hot test tube on an asbestos sheet. Observe the colour of the substance init after cooling. Observation : ate in a test tube. prt lamp for 10 minutes, | Note the colour of the gas evolved on heating. Observe the colour of the substance in the cold test tube | and note it. oe ferrous sulphate undergo decomposition. gases formed. : Procedure C. Reactinn of solution of copper sulphate with iron nail Figure : (Label the following diageane.) Helore Reaction Procedure : 1, Take about 100 mi solution of copper sulphate in a beaker. Note its colour 2. Take two-three unrusted iron nails. Clean them by rubbing with sand paper and wasb with water. Note the colour of the Keep the nail mmersed in the copper sulphate solulion for about fifteen minutes. 4. Observed the change in the colour of the nails and the solution 5. Remove the nails from the solution after fifteen minutes. Wash them and keep them on a filter paper. Note the changed colour of the nails and the solution Observation Table [Link]. | Experiment procedure Obsertvations 1 | Colour of CuSO, sol”. before the experiment React uoith Fe 2__| Colour of iron nail before the experiment. Zlu e 3__| Colour of CuSO, sol’. after the experiment, Whi te 4 _ | Colour of iron nail after the experiment Whi ke daddish Reaction : Fe(s) + CuSO(aq) ——> Fes0,(ag)-# Culs) Inference / Conclusion : ee 1. On immersing the broymoloured iron nails in blue coloured copper sulphate displace RAID Strom the copper sulphate solution and their colour become: 2. This is a By reaction. olution, they AONS... 218. [Link] Hem. mosh. ss wm chloride between sodium sulphate and bv diode J Take about 20 mi sodium sulphate soluion in clean beaker. Note the colou id nature. 3: Take 10 to 1S ml barium chloride solution ina ‘oat ube. Note its ae Seal 3 Pour the barium chloride solution from the test tube slowly into the sod in the beaker. 4. Keep on stirring the solution in beaker %: Observe ihe changes occur in beaker and note it down. Observation Table timent procedure ————_—~( Obsertvaton The colour and the nature of the sodium oe uvies Ae solution before the experiment COOVNIES.S The colour and the nature of the barium chloride solution before the experiment The colour and the nature of the mixture resulting on mixing the two solution into each other Reaction = Colouvles s Guvdy white BaCi,(aq) + No,S0,(aq) ——» BaSO,(aq) + 2NaCI(aq) In this chemical reaction two new compounds are formed by mutual exchange of the Components (ions or radicals) of the two compounds. Such reactions are called ‘double displacement’ reactions. Inference / Conclusion ; Cacotha b Me (Alem. ode wakes =? Caleiunn, hyn AWS 16 @ CombiNAnON veachOn becayse..i.9 W's veactyon a0 & Hao is, combi Ned @.. Formed, Cacomds Cealcium hychoside d... 2. In experiment (C), speed of r Which factor do you observe t tion increases if we use iron wire serubber instead of iron nail nt aflects the rate of reaction? Explain “Yn_expesimem CO) 1 speed. A seachon, ineaces Becavse ian, WAG. ShwWhbe. Js..08e) insiead of ron qailuttoa wing scaunnen V.e2a Cr Fagthy AS compared tp ison. nil: $.0,,..40S.. AN 2 Ffech We wale Gh teach on 3, Name the substance which remains in a test tube after heating ferrous sulphate Faso ¥ Wl. 2" Fesau. 4... Hd. UASoa ko Sf. I0.9. 6892. 903 4. Observe double displacemeaf reac tions given in the text ook and write down the similarities Ae WeadkOn..i9. which, Me [Link]. Me. Lami OAKS. AS CxCNONGE!..D.. COAM..A : PASE PITA. cohed, dovd)€... dis Place MOCO... REAN.O0! : jase a os ; GSOu.. ——2 Ou K264.0.0 a RGSQuw ka2$ Mh Remark and Signature a nt flowing through H i 0 Nh x! Copper wire(24 gauge), connecting wires, battery (12V), cardboard/ plasie sheet, iron fillings otc, Figure : (Label the following diagram.) 1. Make 4 coil around the hollow tube with around 20 to 25 rounds of copper wire. 2. Arrange coil and cardboard / plastic sheets shown in the figure. 3. Spread some iron filings on the cardboard. 4. Connect both ends of coil to the battery and start the electric current, 5: Keep flicking gently on the cardboard and observed the arrangement of iron filings. 6; Increase the current in circuit gradually and observe the chingo in the arrangement of iron filings. 80 away from the wire, the concentric circles fepresenting the magnetic lines of es will become ING.2ASe4 if Produced at each point on the ¢ intensity of magnetic field at any point by a current owing ident on the... Multiple Choice Questions | In above experiment would bw use to find: on 4 bar magnet » horse show magnet Sis Magnet \ainagnetic needle 2 When slectne current is passed through the solenoid, its shows \a “Tar magnet b horse show magnet Jisk magnet 4. spherical magnet sin / appliance Flerming Left Hand rule is not uied. 4 electnc fan b mixer (er computer 4. deceic pmerstor 4. Heating effect uf electric current does not observed in 4 dlecin oven b electre iron gelecric motor. d. fuse | 5 Ws use measure electri: fesstance Wi a cMrcult | 4 Voltmeter b Galvanometer Ammeter (Ohm meser Exercise 1 What is the reason behind covering wires carming electneity with rubber in some places * Same wes Ae Convevied withsubhey 4) Some Place pecguse The wive 15 looped of On te Cond hoayd at that Place tWheve ave one neegie the Heegle can altsacted hy URE Ov Stic le TO He wie thesefore to stop this wide ave converted with +ubbev Ov saurné Piace 2. What procedure will you follow to study magnet: field, if you are provided with perafin ll, iron nail, bar magnet, battery, coil conductor ware 7 ; oe the ail on quauad 10 vemove = Far chon ‘set AON Nall. Savguad Place AectYo bas magne near There ugith complete ciscute 4 as We gpen Me ciycute tne ison nail come nN Shape of magnenc line. 2. Which magnet will you choose among permanent magnet and electromagnet for Industral Lolth rah errs electarG magnet fox mmdushidl PorPose because Permanenk magne cot be erreclea bu whether condi hom Wwoley end omert ob eths.. 5 @ ib. wil! become. 1eS%. PAWes..ang. jawknaty attaachen Remark and Signature oh © | Cometusion energy is sbsorbed during the transtormation of ise into “Ane near ener Obsovhed Ausie ‘ce and gity intn vee neat of Fession and..varons 2 Muluple Choice Questions 1 Which of the following conditions are observed when heat is supplied to tine) a Solid 4 Liquid, Liquid US Solid + Liquid, Liquid, Gar + Sohd + Gas d. Solid + Gas. Liquid, Gas 2 ‘Latent heat is evovied during the transformation of liquids into solids.” Hows will pei elas ‘his statem a Heat released and tempera! 4p’ Heat absorbed and tempers ¢. Heat does not absorbed nor released 3 Not sure 3 In above experiment, what will be the maximum nse in temperature of water ater «27 b.o'C 6 4'C 47100 °C 4. The increase in temperature of water above its boiling point in the pressure cooker 1s Sue change in 4 pressure \pTolume —. mass 4 all of these 5. The temperature of ice can be decreased below 0 °C by munng a sawdust bo sand (5/salt 4. coal : Exercise 1 What could be explained from the #1 zontal line n? when any abject 1S heated @ fovm ibs bemmpexo hwo OC then tox Someunile st 1S mantened at OC and then its 1s Qrow. ob SWagnt ine and stop. 00 C for some. hme. The manrained heme evatve. S becavse ot its Chenge ir Stale. fox tne chenge im Stare. (ts man rened....for... sometime: 2. How could latent heat be expjactied from the graph? Explain in deuail Brae hegins g @ ernpactuye 1S satable fv Some hme because oF loreot. fession oF latens heot and at last (inipol) 1s ‘5 Stanie because ot \potenh neat: dt yo Pave) 2ehod Ynss. Hhings. can. be. x planed fiom. graPh- Remark and Sipnature ue Practical No, 6 ey and plot the graph of Aim: To measure ing natural cooling temperature of hot water during natural cooling temperature versus time, C10 100°C, a clock, ete. Apparatus : A 250 ml glass beaker, thermometer with gradation from 0° Figure : (Label the following diagram.) Procedure : 1. Heat the water in the beaker up to 100 °C, 2. Put off the burner. 3. When the water reaches 70 °C, start measuring the temperature after every minute. 4. Measure the temperature till the water reaches ambient temperature. 5. Plot the graph of temperature versus time (in mins.). Conclusion / Inference + 1 The ofc wa HYG ten tence mgr of me and the ambience is large. 2. This ratededyteas the operas of safer reduces due to cooling Precautions ¢ 1. Switch off the ceiling fans in ee 2. Let the clock run conti while cooling, do not stop it. Multiple Choice Questions = * 1. Out of the following, C......... i the proper methat for measuring the temparaturd of water baud 2 ye nie a oe 2 cys vein ot the following. a. Following are th¢ temperature ~ T vinhe graphs obtained by 4 studendy in this experiment. Which one is likely to be correct? 5; Heat is liberated when .. ae" water converts into vapour, b. ice melis. & water heats. d, water vapours condenses : Exercise 1. What is indicated by time = temperature graph in above a yy m. Satha you. can Q SCAN Is, iYCON_ QO the..ara 1 ed Shandavd buch length, ats the. diagacm. Neeneied Stand Jengih..such. gy aromeled on. fhe rogram 9 len ih uch AS. AMMEIES.,..0 } B Always, VS x 2, If water of temperatures 80 °C and 60 °C is cooled in two different vessels, which water gets ‘ogled faster? Justify your answer: Nate ith mow fempetaloyve will get cooley ENG 0, yadex cararn 6, \GihOn lke see,/ PK IN. diffFeveOk. conkarn suvFace ase a othey | ili ys 3: In two beakers (A and B) 50 mi water of about 70 %C each is taken. Then in beaker A, 50 inl of Water of about 30°C is added und after 5 minutes, in beaker B, 50 ml of water of about 30°C is added. What would observe if the temperatures of both beakers recorded immediately? Why? Aim: Vo study anc ae fnernalous behavious of water using Hope's apparatns: pparalus ? Hope'y apparatus, i common salt, water, thermometer, beaker, ets abel the tallow Figure am.) Procedure: : Take cold water (10-12 °C temp) in the inner cylinder of the Hope's apparatus 2. In outer wider container, fil in the freezing mixture of ice and salt 3. Fix the two thermometers T, (lower) and T, (upper), as shown in the figure 4 Observe the : he two temperatures at every minute and make an entry in the observation table elow. 5. Study the given graphs and indicate the curves corresponding to T, or T, Observation Table : ete ig and water beeame expandiny 2. If temperature decreases below [Link] °C water starts expandil trae der and the tempe ee ae ceereeni density, It moves upword in the cylinder by ot 'PPer part of water column decreases to 0 °C. cc ja known as ONGMOWVE. beh 3. The behaviour of water between the tomporature 0°C 10 4% ev Stadia cE 4. What conclusion could you draw from the ph? How is anamol ; proved? 2 Pra, Wine. Change. .0 phusrcal,.[Link] score Multiple Choice Questic 1 What expands on reducing its temperature below “ a. 0 ue 4 ©. 12 a5 ca 5 ethers afier some time If two ice cubes are pressed against euch other, they stick together firmly because c 4, temperature of the ice cubes reduces. Wthe melting point of ice reduces to below 0 °C due to the pressure applied. ©: temperature around the ice cubes reduces. 4. the melting point of ice because 0 °C due to pressure es 3, In above experiment the temperature of freezing mixture is ....... srereeee *C VV to 4 b. Oto =4 ©. =10 to -20 d.-4to4 4- In cold countries in winter, water carrying pipes sometimes break, because a. volume of water reduces if the temperature is reduced below 0°C. b. air pressure increases. . the steel pipes become brittle due to reduced temperature below 0 °C. volume of water increases if the temperature is reduced below 0 °C. % Street ice cream vendors remove the water in their freezing mixture intermittently, as a result of which .. s a. the temperature of the freezing mixture increases. b, the temperature of the freezing mixture remains constant. \scthe temperature of the freezing mixture reduces further. d. the weight of the freezing mixture reduces, + Exer 1. How to study the anomalous behaviour of water by using Hope's Apparatus? 2 Mometey Vo verity the lawn of re action of light Als SA plays lab, drawing board, drawing pins, paper pins, drawing sheet, etc (Label the following diagram.) Higure Glass slab surfaces S; and S; are parallel to each other Procedure + 1. Take the drawing paper and fix it on the drawing board properly by using drawing pins. 2. Place the given glass slab at the center and draw its projections on the paper with a pencil. 3. Remove the slab and at point O, draw a normal M,N, at the point O. Also, draw the ray AO at an angle of 30° with the normal, 4. Fix two paper pins 1 and [Link] the ray AO. , 5. Now place the glass slab in its original place, look at the images of the paper pins 1 and 2 from the other side of the slab, and fix two more pins 3 and 4 in such a way that they are on the line joining the pins 1 and 2. The ray BC shows the emerging ray. 6, Remove the slab and join OB. Draw a normal M,N, at the point B. 7. Measure the angle of incidence (i), the angle of refraction (r) and the angle of emergence (¢). 8, Repeat the same procedure for 45° and 60°. 1. When light ins rebation Perough a oa slab, nee ray and Sopeegeny are y r . a a RT Multiple Choice Oe saa rr ca Scin experiment io draw the path oft rye past asured the angle of refraction and angle of mere se6 he found th {aThe angle of incidence is lap b. the angle. glass slab. Peg of incidenes, ough ory ang 1 qual ‘ sction, but is almon i than the angle of atacton, but stitpguct tion, but itis almost 64) of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction, but itis al ©: the angle of inekdence isla ac also itis larger tha th ang ofan and als as mle of incidence is smaller than the angle of refraction, and aso i the 2. When a light ray makes an angle of 90° while entering a glass slab cools 1 4. bends towards the normal cen pao Se 2700s straight without bending at point ©. d. returns back into 3+ A light ray entering glass from water, caval a. it goes satin the normal. \bail bends towards the norm ©: it travels straight without bending. 4. itreturns back into water, ae 4: A ray of light makes an angle of $0° with the surface S, of the glass slab. Its angle Will BE oesee, a. 50° 40" ©. 140° 40° isle acon ie $:In4 Blass fled with water coin placed atthe bottom, if viewed in a skew angle the OMG sss: &-at the bottom, floating in a water. ¢. bent. 4. break xercise : oo and the experiment is performed as above, will the S, and S, are slab surfaces parallel to each other. S, Tn. this....expe .,..at.. polod 1. If the glass slab is of the effects be the same? He, following shape, re, for different angles Apparatus : Prism, drawing board, Figure 1 (Complete the a sheet of white paper, paper pins, drawing pin agian as per procedure) Procedure : 1 Take a sheer awing pins. of white paper and fix it on the drawing hoard with the help of a drawing pv 2 Place 4 slass prism along its triangular base at midile vn the paper. Mark the boundary ABC of the glass prism. Remove the prism and draw a normal LM through point Q on side AB. Draw Ray PQ making an angle of 30° to the normal Fix two pins P, and P, on Ray PO Gua e es of pins dP from Place the glass prism back to its original position and look the images of pins P, and P, the side AC, DP es of P,P, appear Fix two more [Link] P, and P, on this side such that pins P,, P, and images of P,. P, app to be on a straight line : e points of pins P, and Remove the prism-and pins. Draw a line towards side AC through the points of pins P, P, (Sand R) which will intersect AC at point R. Draw a normal on side AC through point R. or in point K 10. Extend Ray PQ and Ray SR on opposite side to intersect each other in point 11. Measure the angle of deviation d 12. Repeat the procedure for angles of incidence 45° and 60°. 9. oo decreases but as the angle of incidence increases gradually, the ang) igle of incidence increases gradually, the ang ange ofits after certain minimum val ein the fe Value of incident angle, increases with the increase in ae..Ae €..9f..,Inetelense, J orc g OF. deviation. decrenses...bY bP AMAIoKO.... SolUe.,.of..... facident.. as Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which colour shows maximum deviation when light is dispersed through prism? \e-Violet b. Red ©. Yellow d. Blue 2. How to convert light dispersed by prism again into white light? a. By using white light rays b. By using glass slab ly ¢. By adding one more prism erected «By adding one more prism inverted. “vvsv+++ does not occur during the production of rainbow. a. Refraction _b. Dispersion c. Reflection «dAinduction 4. We could observe path of light due 10 s....:.[Link] of light from tiny particles of solution of transparent medium. a. Scattering seBispersion ¢. Refraction d, Reflection 5. Dispersion of ... + Colour is minimum in visible range of light. Red b. Blue ©. Green d. Violet 13 : : Exercise : ~ Which colour deviate minimum during the dispersion of light through a prism? decreases, but after a certain value of angle of is that specific value of angle of incident called ? é Ai Apparatus Fi Pro 1 3 4, 6 7 Observation: Observation Table 1 © obtain the VEX I convex lens, holder, met following diagram.) Convex tens, lens h F scale, sereen with a stand, ete. re: (Label the ter scale, screen with a st [saie cedure : Fit a convex lens in the lens holder. Spot a distant object such as electric pole, a tree or a building. - Fit the screen on the stand and place it on tl the other side of the lens (opposite to object side.) Move the screen back and forth to obtain a clear image of the chosen object on it - Measure the distance between the lens and the screen - Repeat the above steps two more times. Now rotate the lens by 180° and repeat the above procedure. Least count of the meter scale = . mm Convex lens front surface facing the obje No. Distant Object 20-5 cm 2 |¥ree aos / 25cm 3_| Pole : go. Jasco - Average FI Observation Table 2 Convex lens back surface facing the object Joference / Conclusion focal Fongth of the 2. Second foe 3. From 1 and WH =P, then conven len: ) 2.6:9...0m Jength of the convex tons (¥,).&eLtJ..cm ns7 (Yes / No) 6 UsOU In this experiment a symmetric len s oymmettic Multiple Choice Questions ain 4 clearimage of window bars on a screen with the h in order to have the best imapo, his him to obtain the image of a d Whore will the lens has to be moved i 4. away from the sereen b, behind the screen \erTowards the screen d, ala very long distance from the sereen 4 Ifyou want to make a Reftacting Telescope, what components will you choose ? pnvex lens and one cone be Two convex lenses, onvex lens. But 1 A student obt nelp of w convex lens jistant tree. acher suggest h Nn order to obtain a clear image? a, One ave lens. ©, Ohe concave mirrror, one plane mirror and one convex lens d. One concave mirror, one convex mirror and one convex lens. 3: The image obtained while finding the focal length of convex lens is 4. areal and erect, b. virtual and erect. ¢, real and inverted. d. virtual and inverted 4, For tho same thickness of the lens, ifthe radius of curvature is increased, the focal length will a, reduced, b. remain unchanged. \gefnereased. _d, be imposible to estimate $: Atwhat distance a waich maker must hold his lens from the watch ? 4, at the focal length i less than focal lengh ¢. at more than the focal length d. at zero distance ise : Explain the working of compound microscope by focal length of convex lei 3 OO, Acree F....8..,. MARE. Convex NENSIONE Fedak ¢ laced : ae h Sevice,.whrch [Link].... tke 12..1ENS es] ———____ Practical No. 11 tutions of salts 2250 ¢ BO, ALO, cna ne ce ant dncreasing order of ai aun: To study reactivity apparatus : Test tub bes test tu (Chomicals The Bis ,disiled water, sand ps tals Zn, Pe, ot Fe, Cu and At; solutions ofthe salts 2950, Fest »,,CuS0,, ALSO), But I pieces. 1. Clean all the metals with sand papet and cut them into smal SO, Al,(SO,), inseparate 2, Take 10m! of samples of each of the solutions of ZnSO,, FeSO, Cu st tubes. 3. Put one or two pieces of aluminium metal in each test tube. See what ha observations 4. Repeat the same procedure for the remaining three metals. Observations + ns and note the Solution 70, m0, | Tron is displaced | Copper is dspace! | Tron is displaced | Copper is displaced = Copper is displaced ‘No Reaction copper ie Multiple Chi 1. The proper procedure of the experiment Question ive te yw that zine be m0} we Prepare a copper Sulphate solution and immerse a copper plate Int! b. Prepare zinc sulphate solution and immerse a copper plate 10 I ©. Heat zine and copper plate d. Add dilute nitric acid 1 both t 2. The solution of AL,(SO,), in water is 4. impurity in the salt plites ee position of AL(SO,), > decompos! J. none of these Lee white Gelatinous ppt of AK(OH), is tormed 3. Iron is 4. more reactive than zinc b. more reactive than aluminium ©. less reactive than copper ygk“Tess reactive than aluminium 4. The solution of Al,(SO,), in water is a. blue in colour b. pink in colour $. Which of the following substances is blue in colour? 4. Ai(80,) we cuso, b. Peso, ©. ZnSO, wetolourlen olour ©. green in 1, Why do all the metal pieces get polished before the experiment? Ae ue emore....Me..\ayes of. eral onde... Mh APSHA... Tk. OM,. etl... PIES. ..GLb he fose...... tee. expenimedh! Beate uct wach metal react tats owh aa (Bg. Cu and CusO,)? ci )..Aor...[Link].. Matt, .own..calbon ee a -clne be no. cis Place. men , hy [Link] actording! os m toe SPIOCeA. Multiple Choice Questions 1 w copper is ¢ reactive than Coppel oper procedure of the experiment to show that zinc is mor w-Prepare a copper sulphate solution and immerse a copper plate in i! b. Pr pare zinc sulphate solution and immerse a coppet plate in i ©. Heat zine and copper plate. d. Add dilute id £0 both the plates The solution of Al,(SO,), in water is not clear, because of an of Al,(SO,), 4. impurity in the salt b. decompositic ? Léwhite Gelatinous ppt of Al(OH), is formed d. none of these: 3. Iron is a. more reactive than zinc b. more reactive than aluminium ¢- less reactive than copper ydTess reactive than aluminium 4. The solution of Al,(SO,), in water is a. blue in colour. pink in colour 3. Which of the following substances is a Cuso, c. greenin colour wWetolourless blue in colour? b. Feso, ZnSO, d. Al(SO,), : Exercise : 1. Why do all the metal pieces get polished before the experiment? uM re Aemove...7Ne. \ayen def, s Ff mehal ox ate metsl.. pieces Eb... vke. e@xpenimedh: ig Pe Os. [Link]....ct Oli shed.....be fo, 2. Why can not each metal react to its own salt (Eg. Cu and CuSO,)? ach. eral..dlae...nak seact..[Link]....sa\ 1 BS. No. vss [Link] —_ vescive than copper ie a is more rea" Multiple Choice Questiot 1. The proper procedure of the experiment to show that zinc sePropare 4 copper sulphate solution und per plate in # b. Prepare zinc sulphate solution and immerse 4 copper plate in it ¢. Heat zinc and copper plate d. Add dilute nitric acid td both the plate 2. The solution of Al,(SO,), in water is not clear, because of smeo}, 4. impurity in the salt b. decomposition of “ L2Cwhite Gelatinous ppt of Al(OH), is formed. 4. none of these 3. Iron is 4. more reactive than zine b. more reactive than aluminium ©. less reactive than copper yd-Tess reactive than aluminium 4. The solution of Al,(SO,), in water is oe a. blue in colour —_b. pink in colour green in colour | 5. Which of the following substances is blue in colour? RiP cuso, b. Feso, ZnSO, d “ 1 Exercise : 1. Why do all the metal pieces get polished before the experiment? 48 demove..ne. Layer of. metal onde. In : Han metsl..PIeoes...ge Polished. Poe re es ae can not each metal react to its own salt 1 (Eg Cu and cuso, ? |..Aaes...nak. react. [Link]..own.... cal iM sim : To study oxi tion and Addition 1 apparatus : Test tube Sy a chemical substances ; Re : Ethanol, actions of c: ‘of carbon compounds. Br oe -ompoun atte sotutior permanganate, aie of sodium carbonate, dilute solut vanaspati a solution of iodine (tincture iodi + various sunflower ei, ec ee vegetable oils (groundnut oily ion of potassium ine), liquitied safflower oil, procedure t . Oxidation of ethanol 1, Take 2-3ml of eth: ‘anol in a te ae by holding the test eee [Aga Sm’ sodium carbonate solution to it Way tie 2. Add dilute solution eg boner. of, 4 Cncerse dene pea permanganate dropwise in it and keep cena € pink colour of the potassium permanganat on stirring the mixture. 1e when its addition is CH,-COOH Ethanoic acid Reaction : CH,-CH,-OH aaa Ethanol anol alkaline KMnO, , Addition reaction of fatty acids 1, Take 2m oll ina test tube, Add 4 drops of incre 2 = ve whether original colour of iodine disappears oF not. 3, Repeat the same procedure using the other oils and vanaspati ghee and note in he observation table. Reaction : Ge a ot jodine in it and stir coloured colourless solution solution < added to ethanol, initially the pink Observations : of potassium permanganate i A. i. When a dilute solution colour disappears. ii. When the addition is continues vanish and stays there. 4 further, the pink colour of potassium permanganate does not yanishes = ea oor vonishe Conclusion / Inference ; a. P ganate is cons (As potassium permanganate is consurt ‘otassium permanganate oxidizes ethanol to ©: “ Permanganate oxidizes ethanol to S9NA09) in this reaction its 3.9%... colour vanishes. b. lodine is consumed d : scons Jue to its addition to fatty a e, lar colour chan colourless. But when the same procedure is followed for vanaspati ghee, a similar co hy eaction does r is not observed. As vanapati ghee is saturated hydrocarbon [Link] doe occur there, ‘Therefore the coloured solution becorr Multiple Choice Questions 1. What type of reaction is the transformation of ethanol into ethanoic acid ? a. Addition reaction b. Substitution reaction \/ Oxidation reaction d. Dehydration reaction 2. In which of the following substances, is ethanol not used? a, tonics b. cough mixture Candle d. alcohol 3. What type of carbon-carbon bonds are present in vanaspati ghee? \aesingle bonds b. double bonds —_. triple bonds d. none of these 4. lodine decolourises in stearic acid, because -......-. a. it is saturated. b. it contains single bonds. \e-Ttis unsaturated. d. cannot tell, >. The saturated hydrocabon from the following carbon compounds is ..... a. Ethene b. Ethyne c-Ethane d. Benzene ise :

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