E-TECH NOTES

LESSON 1: INFORMATION AND more pages on the World Wide

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Web.

1. Information Communication
Technology

What is an ICT?
WEBPAGES
 It is a broad term that
 It is a hypertext document
encompasses technologies used for
connected to the World Wide Web.
the acquisition, storage,
3. TYPES OF WEBPAGES
processing, transmission, and
 WEB 1.0 - The first development
dissemination of information.
of World Wide Web where web
 ICT integrates both information
pages are static.
technology (IT) and communication
 WEB 2.0 - It is a dynamic web
technology to support the handling
page where user can interact with
and exchange of data and
page like creating a user account,
communication.
posting comments, uploading files
ICT in the Philippines and images, and others.

 The Philippines is often referred to FEATURES OF WEB 2.0:

as the “ICT Hub of Asia”
1. FOLKSONOMY - It allows users to
particularly in the context of BPO.
categorize and classify/arrange
2. ICT Terminologies
information using freely chosen
WEB BROWSER keywords.
2. Rich User Experience - The users
 It is a software application for
can have high interaction with the
retrieving, presenting, and
content of the page and can
traversing information resources on
achieve level of expertise.
the World Wide Web.
3. User Participation - Users can
INTERNET able to place content of their own
on the web page using comments,
 Is the global system of
reviews, and evaluations.
interconnected computer networks
4. Software as a service - A cloud
that use the Internet protocol to
computing service model where
link billions of devices worldwide.
software applications are provided
 Sometimes called simply “the Net,”
over the internet on a subscription
is a worldwide system of computer
basis.
networks.
5. Mass Participation - It is a
WWW OR W3 diverse information sharing
through universal web access.
 An information system on the
Internet that allows documents to WEB 3.0: The Semantic Web
be connected to other documents
 Semantics - ability of Web
by hypertext links, enabling the
technologies to understand and
user to search for information by
interpret human generated
moving from one document to
content.
another.
 The aim of Web 3.0 is to have
 Invented by Sir Tim-Berners Lee in
machines which can understand
1989.
the user’s preferences to be able to
WEBSITES deliver web content specifically
targeting the user.
 A location connected to the
4. TRENDS IN ICT
Internet that maintains one or
 E-TECH NOTES
 Convergence - Technological phone companies use this OS for
convergence is the combination of free.
two or more different entities of  Used in Blackberry devices.
technologies to create a new single
Windows Phone OS - A closed source
device.
and proprietary operating system
Example: Using of smartphone to create developed by Microsoft
word documents that was previously can
Symbian - The original smartphone OS;
only be created using desktop computer.
used by Nokia devices.
 Social Media - It is a website,
application, or online channel that
enables web users to create, co- WebOS - Originally used for
create, modify, and exchange user- smartphones; now used for smart TVs.
generated content.
Windows Mobile - Developed by
Types of Social Media: Microsoft for smartphones and pocket
PCs.
1. Social Networks - Sites that allow
you to connect with other people  Assistive Media
with same interests or background.
LESSON 2: Online Safety, Security,
2. Bookmarking Sites - Sites that
Ethics and Etiquette
allow users you to store and
manage links to various websites INTERNET
and resources, and to tag.
 The internet is a global network of
3. Social News - Sites that allow
connected computers that allows
users to post their own news items
people to share information and
or links to other news sources.
communicate with each other
4. Media Sharing - Sites that allow
worldwide.
you to upload and share media
 Life becomes easy and comfortable
content like images, music, and
because of this technology. Behind
video.
this technology there is a risk that
5. Microblogging - Sites that focus
everyone should be aware of. We
on short updates from the user.
need to keep ourselves safe and
6. Blogs and Forums - Sites that
secure whenever we use the
allow users to post their content.
internet.
 Mobile Technologies - Mobile
technology is primarily used in 1. INFORMATION AT RISK
cellular communication and other
TYPES OF INFORMATION WITH RISK:
associated aspects.
 Mother’s and Father’s name
 5G ADOPTION
 Sibling’s Name
 Increased Mobile Internet Usage  Address
 Home & Cell Phone Number
 Mobile Payment Solutions
 Birthday
 Mobile Apps for E-commerce  Email Address
 First, Middle & Last Name
Operating Systems of Mobile
 Current & Previous School
Devices
2. ONLINE SAFETY TIPS
 Used in Apple devices such as the
iPhone and iPad. Online safety is particularly crucial for
 An open source operating system students who spend a significant amount
developed by Google. Being open of time on the internet for research,
source means several mobile
 E-TECH NOTES
communication, and educational unique combination of letters, numbers,
purposes. and symbols, such as S@feP@ssw0rd.

Be Mindful of Personal Information Never share your password

 Tip: Avoid sharing personal details  Tip: Do not share your password
such as your full name, address, with anyone.
school name, or phone number
Situation: A classmate asks for your
online.
password to access shared study
Situation: You're in an online discussion materials.
forum for a school project. A user asks for
Instead, you suggest alternative ways to
your personal details, claiming it's for
collaborate without compromising your
collaboration.
account security.
Instead of providing this information,
Be Skeptical of Emails and Links
you discuss project-related matters only.
 Tip: Avoid clicking on links or
downloading attachments from
Use Privacy Settings on Social Media unknown or suspicious emails.

 Tip: Adjust privacy settings on Situation: You get an email asking to click
social media accounts to control a link for urgent account verification.
who can see your posts and
personal information.
You report the email to your bank and
Situation: You post pictures from a
avoid falling victim to a phishing attempt
school event on your social media
aimed at stealing your sensitive
account.
information.
Adjusting privacy settings ensures that
Think Before You Post
only friends or classmates can view these
posts.  Tip: Consider the potential
consequences before posting
Be Cautious with Online Friends
photos, comments, or opinions
 Tip: Only connect with people you online.
know in real life. Be wary of friend
Situation: You're frustrated with a
requests or messages from
teacher, and you want to vent on social
strangers.
media.
Situation: You receive a friend request
Instead, you decide to express your
from someone you don't recognize.
concerns privately or seek guidance from
To stay safe, you decline the request a trusted adult, avoiding public airing of
and avoid engaging with unfamiliar grievances.
individuals online.
3. INTERNET THREATS
Use Strong Passwords
Internet threats refer to potential
 Tip: Secure your accounts with dangers or harmful activities that can
strong, unique passwords for each compromise the security and integrity of
online platform. systems, networks, and data connected
to the internet
Situation: You're creating an account for
an online service. 1. MALWARE
Instead of using a simple password like - Malware stands for malicious software.
"123456," you opt for a strong and
 E-TECH NOTES
- It is a type of software specifically 5. NETIQUETTE
designed to harm or exploit computer
 Netiquette is a combination of the
systems, networks, and users.
words network and etiquette and is
a.) Virus – a malicious program defined as a set of rules for
designed to replicate itself and transfer acceptable online behavior.
from one computer to another (internet,
local networks, FDs, CDs, etc.)

b.) Worm – a malicious program that

transfers from one computer to another
by any types of means. Ex. ILOVEYOU
Worm

c.) Trojan Horses – a malicious program

that disguises itself as a useful program
but once downloaded or installed, leaves
your PC unprotected and allows hackers
to get your information.

d.) Spyware – a program that runs in

the background without you knowing it
(thus called “spy”). It has the ability to
monitor what you are currently doing and
typing through keylogging

e.) Adware – Software that displays

unwanted advertisements, often in the
form of pop-ups, and may track user
behavior.

f.) Ransomware – Software that

encrypts a user's files and demands a
ransom for their release.

2. SPAM

- An unwanted email mostly from bots or

advertisers. It can be used to send
malware.

3. PHISHING

- Phishing is a cyber-attack method

where attackers impersonate trustworthy
entities to deceive individuals into
providing sensitive information, such as
usernames, passwords, and financial
details.

4. IDENTITY THEFT

- It is a crime of stealing personal

information for the purpose of assuming
that person’s name or identity to make
any form of transactions.
 E-TECH NOTES
PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS  Border and shading
 Searching a word and replacing it
WHAT IS PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS?
by another word
 It refers to the software that people  Inserting table
use to create and produce
documents, presentations, A TO Z SHORTCUT KEYS
databases, charts, and graphs. ❑CTRL + A = SELECT ALL
Why should you learn productivity ❑CTRL + B = BOLD
tools?
❑CTRL + C = COPY
 While there are a wide range of
benefits of using productivity tools, ❑CTRL + D = DEFAULT FONT SET
the best reason is that it just ❑CTRL + E = CENTER
makes essential, everyday we use
computer to do different task for ❑CTRL + F = FIND
more efficient. ❑CTRL + G = GO TO
PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS ❑CTRL + H = REPLACE
 MS POWERPOINT ❑CTRL + I = ITALIC
 MS WORD
 EXCEL ❑CTRL + J = JUSTIFY
 MS PUBLISHER ❑CTRL + K = HYPERLINK
 MS ACCESS
❑CTRL + L = ALIGN TEXT TO LEFT
COMMON PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS
❑CTRL + M = HANGING INDENT
 MS POWERPOINT
 MS WORD ❑CTRL + N = NEW DOCUMENT
 EXCEL ❑CTRL + O = OPEN

LESSON 3: WORD PROCESSOR AS ❑CTRL + P = PRINT

PRODUCTIVITY TOOL
❑CTRL + Q = ADD SPACE AFTER
MICROSOFT WORD PARAGRAPH

 Microsoft Word (often called Word) ❑CTRL + R = ALIGN TEXT TO

is a graphical word processing RIGHT
program that users can type with.
❑CTRL + S = SAVE AS
It is made by the computer
company Microsoft. ❑CTRL + T = LEFT INDENT

FEATURES OF MS WORD ❑CTRL + U = UNDERLINE

 Creating and saving a file ❑CTRL + V = PASTE

 Editing and formatting a document
❑CTRL + W = CLOSE
 Paragraph formatting
 Inserting header and footer and ❑CTRL + X = CUT
Page number
❑CTRL + Y = REPEAT/REDO
 Checking spelling and grammar
 Subscript and superscript ❑CTRL + Z = UNDO
 Inserting symbols
 Print preview and printing
 Inserting clipart, word art, and LESSON 3 (PART 2):
picture POWERPOINT PRESENTATION AS
 Page setting PRODUCTIVITY TOOL
 Bullets and number
 E-TECH NOTES
MICROSOFT POWERPOINT  Slide Creation - PowerPoint allows
users to create slides containing
 A presentation is a collection of
text, images, charts, graphs,
data and information that is to be
videos, and other multimedia
delivered to a specific audience.
elements.
 A PowerPoint Presentation is a
 Templates - It provides a wide
collection of electronic slides that
range of pre-designed templates to
can have text, pictures, graphics,
help users quickly create
tables, sound and video. This
professional-looking presentations.
collection can run automatically or
 Transitions - PowerPoint offers
can be controlled by a presenter.
numerous transition effects to
HOME TAB - This tab contains basic make smooth transitions between
formatting options like font style, size, slides during a presentation.
color, alignment, and bullet points.  Animations - Users can add
animations to text and objects to
INSERT TAB - Users can insert various
make their presentations more
elements into their slides, such as
dynamic and engaging.
pictures, shapes, charts, SmartArt
 Presenter View - Presenter View
graphics, and videos.
provides presenters with additional
DESIGN TAB - This tab offers pre- tools and information, such as
designed themes and slide layouts to speaker notes, slide previews, and
give presentations a consistent and a timer, to help them deliver their
professional look. presentations effectively.
 Hyperlinking - It is a clickable
TRANSITION TAB - Transitions tab
element that directs users to
provides options to apply transition
another slide, a specific location
effects between slides, controlling how
within the same presentation, a
one slide replaces another during the
different presentation, a web page,
presentation.
an email address, or a file on your
ANIMATION TAB - Animations tab offers computer or network.
various animation effects to apply to text
Tips in Creating an Effective
and objects on slides.
Presentation
SLIDE SHOW TAB - This tab contains
 Minimize Slide Counts - 7x7 Rule
options related to delivering
in PowerPoint
presentations, such as starting the
 Clarity in Font Usage - Choose a
slideshow, rehearsing timings, setting up
font style and size that is easy to
slideshow preferences, and controlling
read, even from a distance.
the presentation settings.
 Embrace Simplicity - Use bullet
RECORD TAB - This tab is used for points or short sentences
creating presentations with audio  Use Visuals Wisely - Use high-
narration and timings. It also include quality images and graphics that
options to start recording, rehearse are relevant to your content
timings, play narrations, and export  Utilize Contrast - Ensure
presentations as videos. readability by using sufficient
contrast
VIEW TAB - View tab offers different
viewing options for working on
presentations, such as Normal, Slide
Sorter, Reading View, and Slide Show.

FEATURES IN MS POWERPOINT
 E-TECH NOTES
 Criteria – It determines which cells will be
added
LESSON 5: MICROSOFT EXCEL A
 Sum_range – These are cells containing
PRODUCTIVITY TOOL
numeric values and the cells to add if the
MICROSOFT EXCEL condition is met

 It is a spreadsheet program which is used SYNTAX: =SUMIF(D3:D7,”Teacher”,E3:E7)

to save and analyze numerical data.
AVERAGEIF - Returns the average (arithmetic
PARTS OF THE MS EXCEL mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given
criteria.
COLUMNS – Identified With Alphabetic Headings
AVERAGEIF (range, criteria, sum_range)
ROWS – Identified with Numeric Headings
 Range – The range of cells that you want
CELLS - Cells are the intersection of rows and to evaluate based on a given criteria
columns  Criteria – It determines which cells will be
added
CELL REFERENCE - Cell Reference also known as
 Sum_range – These are cells containing
cell address that identifies a cell on a worksheet.
numeric values and the cells to add if the
ACTIVE CELL - The currently selected cell in a condition is met
spreadsheet and its indicated by a bold outline
SYNTAX:
that surrounds the cell.
=AVERAGEIF(D3:D7,”STUDENT”,E3:E7)
FUNCTIONS - These are pre-defined formulas
COUNTIF - Counts the number of cells within a
that are already available in MS Excel
range that meet a single criterion that you
COMMONLY USED EXCEL FUNCTIONS: specify.

 SUM COUNTIF (range, criteria)

 COUNT
 Range – The range of cells to count
 MIN
 Criteria – The criteria that determines
 MAX
which cells to be counted
 AVERAGE
 SUMIF SYNTAX: =COUNTIF(B2:B14,”>=90”)
 COUNTIF
 AVERAGEIF COMMON ERROR VALUES

SUM FUNCTION - Adds all the numbers in a #DIV/0! - It appears when the number is divided
range of cells. by zero (0).

SYNTAX: =SUM(C5:C8) ##### - It appears when the column is not wide

enough to display the content.
COUNT FUNCTION - Counts the number of cells
that contain numbers. #NAME? - It appears when the program doesn't
recognize something in your formula.
SYNTAX: =COUNT(B2:B13)
#N/A - This error means “no value available” or
MIN FUNCTION - Returns the smallest number in “not available.”
a set of values.
#NULL! - Appears most often when you insert a
SYNTAX: =MIN(B2:B13) space (where you should have used a comma) to
separate cell references used as arguments for
MAX FUNCTION - Returns the largest value in a
functions.
set of values.
#NUM! - This error is usually displayed when a
SYNTAX: =MAX(B2:B13)
number for any function argument is found
AVERAGE - Returns the average (arithmetic invalid.
mean) of the arguments
#REF! - Appears when Excel encounters an
SYNTAX: =AVERAGE(B2:C2) invalid cell reference, such as when you delete a
cell referred to in a formula or paste cells over the
SUMIF - Add the cells specified by a given
cells referred to in a formula.
condition or criteria.
#VALUE! - This error appear when we use the
SUMIF (range, criteria, sum_range)
wrong data type for a function or formula.
 Range – The range of cells that you want
to evaluate based on a given criteria